Foram estudados 261 cães (134 moradias) do Município de Maricá, RJ, Brasil, visando avaliar a resposta sorológica e infecção ativa para leishmaniose tegumentar americana (LTA). Oito cães apresentaram lesões sugestivas, sendo o isolamento positivo em 3. Pelo ELISA, 24,5% (64/261) apresentaram reatividade (sensibilidade = 66% e especificidade = 76%), estando associado ao isolamento em 2 e 0,4% (1/261) pela imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI) sem associação com isolamento. Para a redução de reações inespecíficas no ELISA, utilizou-se um segundo critério para obtenção do cutoff (sensibilidade = 33% e especificidade = 93%), obtendo positividade de 6,9% (18/261) associando-se ao isolamento em um animal. Sete pessoas apresentaram cicatrizes de LTA e uma lesão ativa em tratamento. A não associação da infecção ativa dos cães à sorologia pela IFI e o grande número de resultados inespecíficos encontrado pelo ELISA, restringe o uso isolado destas no diagnóstico precoce da LTA. O encontro de lesões ativas confirma a circulação recente da Leishmania em Maricá, indicando a necessidade de estudos nesta região.

A sample of 261 dogs from 134 households located in a periurban area of Maricá, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, was studied to evaluate serologic reactions and active infection of american tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL). Eight dogs presented lesions suggestive of ATL, but this was isolated in only three. Using ELISA, 24.5% (64/261) of the dogs studied were positive (sensitivity = 66% and specificity = 76%), associated with isolation in 2 animals and 0.4% (1/261) by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IIF) with no association with isolation. In order to reduce the unspecific reactions to ELISA, a second criterion was used to obtain the cutoff (sensitivity = 33% and specificity = 93%), resulting in a reactivity of 6.9 % (18/261) associated to isolation in a single animal. As observed in this study, serologic results by IIF were not associated with active infection and ELISA showed high unspecific reactions, indicating that the serologic reactions alone are not recommended for ATL diagnosis. ATL scars were been observed in 7 persons in the region and active lesion, under treatment, was observed in one patient. The finding of active lesions, either in dogs or humans, confirmed the existence of active tegumentary leishmaniasis in Maricá, indicating the need for further studies to evaluate the importance of this infection in the municipality.

Relata-se o caso clínico de uma criança de 5 meses de idade, do sexo feminino, com achados característicos da síndrome de Aicardi: agenesia do corpo caloso, espasmos infantis, anormalidades oculares ("chorioretinal lacunae" e microftalmia), atraso do desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor e malformações vertebrais com cifoescoliose. Os exames complementares confirmaram o diagnóstico e as imagens neurorradiológicas evidenciaram, além da agenesia do corpo caloso, massa localizada em região atrioventricular esquerda (papiloma do plexo coróide). A síndrome de Aicardi associada a papiloma do plexo coróide é rara, sendo este o sétimo caso relatado na literatura. Os autores sugerem que o papiloma do plexo coróide seja considerado tumor característico da síndrome de Aicardi, pois a sua freqüência é mais do que coincidental.

The authors report a case of a 5 months old female child with clinical features of Aicardi syndrome: agenesis of the corpus callosum, occular abnormalities ("chorioretinal lacunae" and microphthalmus), infantile spasms, mental retardation, vertebral malformations and thoracic deformity. The pacient was submitted to complementary examinations that confirmed the diagnosis. The neuroradiologic images (MRI) showed besides corpus callosum agenesis a tumor located at the left ventricular atrium (choroid plexus papilloma). This association is a rare occurrence and the present case is the seventh described in literature. Furthermore, we suggest that the choroid plexus pappilloma could be a characteristic tumor of the Aicardi syndrome.

Schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni became resistant to antibody-dependent complement damage in vitro after pre-incubation with normal human erythrocytes (NHuE) whatever the ABO or Rh blood group. Resistant parasites were shown to acquire host decay accelerating factor (DAF) , a 70 kDa glycoprotein attached to the membrane of NHue by a GPI anchor. IgG2a mAb anti-human DAF (IA10) immunoprecipitated a 70 kDa molecule from 125I-labeled schistosomula pre-incubated with NHuE and inhibited their resistance to complement-dependent killing in vtro. Incubationof schistosomula with erytrocytes from patients with paroxsimal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNHE) or SRBC, wich are DAF-deficient, did not protect the parasites from complement lesion. Supernatant of 100,000 x g collected from NHuE incubated for 24 h in defined medium was shown to contain a soluble form of DAF and to protect schistosomula from complement killing. Schistosomula treated with trypsin before incubation with NHuE ghosts did not become resistant to complement damage. On the other hand, pre-treatment with chymotrypsin did not interfere with the acquisition of resistance by the schistosomula. These results indicate that, in vitro, NHuE DAF can be transferred to schistosomula in a soluble form and that the binding of this molecule to the parasite surface is dependent upon trypsin-sensitive chymotrypsin-insensitive polipeptide(s) present on the surface of the worm.