ABSTRACT Background: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and is responsible for nearly 6 million deaths worldwide in the past 2 years. Machine learning (ML) models could help physicians in identifying high-risk individuals. Objectives: To study the use of ML models for COVID-19 prediction outcomes using clinical data and a combination of clinical and metabolic data, measured in a metabolomics facility from a public university. Methods: A total of 154 patients were included in the study. “Basic profile” was considered with clinical and demographic variables (33 variables), whereas in the “extended profile,” metabolomic and immunological variables were also considered (156 characteristics). A selection of features was carried out for each of the profiles with a genetic algorithm (GA) and random forest models were trained and tested to predict each of the stages of COVID-19. Results: The model based on extended profile was more useful in early stages of the disease. Models based on clinical data were preferred for predicting severe and critical illness and death. ML detected trimethylamine N-oxide, lipid mediators, and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio as important variables. Conclusion: ML and GAs provided adequate models to predict COVID-19 outcomes in patients with different severity grades.

ABSTRACT Objective: To know the perception of users, caregivers and health professionals about the implementation, operation and satisfaction related to their participation in psychosocial integration clubs (PIC) for people with diagnosis of schizophrenia in two districts of northern Lima. Materials and methods: This study had a qualitative methodological approach. In-depth interviews and 3 focus groups were conducted with 21 participants including users, family caregivers, and mental health professionals. The information was collected in December 2018. We analyzed the perceptions of the implementation process and satisfaction of the club’s users, their affective relationships and leisure, their link with families and socio-community networks, as well as the perceived limitations. Results: The perception of club’s users, caregivers and mental health professionals was favorable regarding the implementation, functioning and satisfaction of the users, as an integrating and socializing role, through their active participation, social reintegration in normalizing activities with their community, the health network and in the strengthening of family ties. PICs are perceived as spaces for socialization that have a relevant meaning in the lives of users. Conclusions: Participants perceive PICs as a space for well-being and adequate use of free time, which contributes to the rehabilitation of the user’s disease.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Conocer la percepción de los usuarios, cuidadores y profesionales de la salud sobre la implementación, funcionamiento y satisfacción relacionada con su participación en los clubes de integración psicosocial (CIP) para personas con diagnóstico de esquizofrenia en dos distritos de Lima Norte. Materiales y métodos: Estudio con enfoque metodológico cualitativo. Se realizaron entrevistas a profundidad y 3 grupos focales con 21 participantes, entre usuarios, familiares cuidadores y profesionales de la salud mental. Se recolectó la información en diciembre de 2018 y se analizaron las percepciones sobre el proceso de implementación y satisfacción de los usuarios del club, sus relaciones afectivas y el ocio, su vinculación con las familias y redes sociocomunitarias, así como las limitaciones percibidas. Resultados: La percepción de los usuarios, cuidadores y profesionales de la salud mental fue favorable acerca de la implementación, funcionamiento y satisfacción de los socios como rol integrador y socializador a través de su participación, la reinserción social en actividades normalizadoras en su comunidad, red sanitaria y en el fortalecimiento de vínculos familiares. Los CIP se perciben como espacios de socialización que tienen un significado relevante en la vida de los usuarios. Conclusiones: Los participantes perciben el CIP como un espacio de bienestar y uso de tiempo libre adecuado que contribuye en la rehabilitación de su enfermedad.

ABSTRACT Objective: To know the perception of users, caregivers and health professionals about the implementation, operation and satisfaction related to their participation in psychosocial integration clubs (PIC) for people with diagnosis of schizophrenia in two districts of northern Lima. Materials and methods: This study had a qualitative methodological approach. In-depth interviews and 3 focus groups were conducted with 21 participants including users, family caregivers, and mental health professionals. The information was collected in December 2018. We analyzed the perceptions of the implementation process and satisfaction of the club’s users, their affective relationships and leisure, their link with families and socio-community networks, as well as the perceived limitations. Results: The perception of club’s users, caregivers and mental health professionals was favorable regarding the implementation, functioning and satisfaction of the users, as an integrating and socializing role, through their active participation, social reintegration in normalizing activities with their community, the health network and in the strengthening of family ties. PICs are perceived as spaces for socialization that have a relevant meaning in the lives of users. Conclusions: Participants perceive PICs as a space for well-being and adequate use of free time, which contributes to the rehabilitation of the user’s disease.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Conocer la percepción de los usuarios, cuidadores y profesionales de la salud sobre la implementación, funcionamiento y satisfacción relacionada con su participación en los clubes de integración psicosocial (CIP) para personas con diagnóstico de esquizofrenia en dos distritos de Lima Norte. Materiales y métodos: Estudio con enfoque metodológico cualitativo. Se realizaron entrevistas a profundidad y 3 grupos focales con 21 participantes, entre usuarios, familiares cuidadores y profesionales de la salud mental. Se recolectó la información en diciembre de 2018 y se analizaron las percepciones sobre el proceso de implementación y satisfacción de los usuarios del club, sus relaciones afectivas y el ocio, su vinculación con las familias y redes sociocomunitarias, así como las limitaciones percibidas. Resultados: La percepción de los usuarios, cuidadores y profesionales de la salud mental fue favorable acerca de la implementación, funcionamiento y satisfacción de los socios como rol integrador y socializador a través de su participación, la reinserción social en actividades normalizadoras en su comunidad, red sanitaria y en el fortalecimiento de vínculos familiares. Los CIP se perciben como espacios de socialización que tienen un significado relevante en la vida de los usuarios. Conclusiones: Los participantes perciben el CIP como un espacio de bienestar y uso de tiempo libre adecuado que contribuye en la rehabilitación de su enfermedad.