ABSTRACT Introduction: The scientific production of the personnel managing a university major is important, because their contribution to knowledge production can be both a reference and a motivation for the students under their supervision. Objective: To describe the scientific production of the Nursing major’s management personnel from Peruvian universities. Methods: Observational, descriptive, retrospective and bibliometric study carried out in Peru during the year 2020. A search and analysis was made of the scientific production, in journals indexed in the Scopus, Web of Science and Redalyc databases, as well as in the SciELO collections and the Latindex catalog, from 2014 to 2019, corresponding to the personnel managing the Nursing major at 42 Peruvian state and private universities, accredited by the National Superintendence of University Higher Education. The authenticity of the management personnel was corroborated through Orcid, Google Scholar, CTI Vitae (ex-DINA) and the National Scientific, Technological and Technological Innovation Registry. For data analysis, statistics were used to describe proportions. Results: Forty-two managers were identified, seventeen of which have at least one scientific publication. The mean number of published manuscripts was 2.32 and the H index was 0.25. Four managers were identified to publish articles in journals indexed in Scopus and one did so, in addition, in Web of Science. Conclusions: The scientific production of the Nursing major’s managment personnel is low. Most of the published articles are original.

RESUMEN Introducción: La producción científica de los directivos de una carrera profesional es importante, pues su aporte a la generación de conocimientos puede ser una referencia y motivación para los estudiantes que dirige. Objetivo: Describir la producción científica de los directivos de la carrera de enfermería de universidades peruanas. Métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo y bibliométrico realizado en Perú durante el año 2020. Se hizo una búsqueda y análisis de la producción científica, en revistas indizadas en las bases de datos Scopus, Web of Science y Redalyc y las colecciones SciELO y catálogo Latindex de los años 2014 al 2019, correspondiente a directivos de la carrera de enfermería de 42 universidades peruanas estatales y privadas, licenciadas por Superintendencia Nacional de Educación Superior Universitaria. La autenticidad de los directivos fue corroborada a través de Orcid, Google Scholar, CTI Vitae (ex-DINA) y en el Registro Nacional Científico, Tecnológico y de Innovación Tecnológica. Para el análisis de datos se usó estadísticos para describir proporciones. Resultados: Fueron identificados42 directivos, 17 cuentan con al menos una publicación científica. La media del número de manuscritos publicados fue de 2,32 y el índice H de 0,25. Se identificó que 4 directores publicaron artículos en revistas indizadas en Scopus y uno lo hizo además en Web of Science. Conclusiones: La producción científica de los directivos de la carrera de enfermería es baja. Los artículos publicados en su mayoría son de tipo original.

ABSTRACT The purpose of the research is to determine the influence of self-regulation of learning in bioethics on university nursing students, understood as self-control abilities, those thoughts, feelings and actions that allow the acquisition of principles that lead to an understanding of the discipline that regulates rationally and practically the attitude of the human being in front of life. The research corresponds to the positivist paradigm, quantitative approach, deductive hypothetical method, type of substantive study, non-experimental research design, the sample conformed by 80 nursing students, the instruments were validated by content and construct and their reliability by the KR 20 test. The results through Spearman's Rho coefficient, where it is shown that the influence is significant, affirming that self-control determines the attitude of the students represented through bioethics.

RESUMEN La investigación tiene como propósito determinar la influencia de la autorregulación del aprendizaje en la bioética en los estudiantes universitarios de enfermería, entendido como capacidades de autocontrol, aquellos pensamientos, sentimientos y acciones que permite la adquisición de principios que conducen a la comprensión de la disciplina que regula racional y prácticamente la actitud del ser humano frente a la vida. La investigación corresponde al paradigma positivista, enfoque cuantitativo, método hipotéticodeductivo, de tipo de estudio sustantivo, diseño de investigación no experimental, la muestra conformadapor 80 estudiantes de enfermería, los instrumentos sevalidaron por contenido y constructo y la fiabilidad de los mismos por la prueba K.R 20. Los resultados a través del coeficiente de Rho de Spearman dónde se muestra que la influencia es significativa afirmando que el autocontrol determina la actitud de los estudiantes representados a través de la bioética.

Summary The advancement of technology has allowed the creation of learning environments that favor social interaction, identifying key aspects for the development of collaborative activities, in relation to the formation of groups. The purpose of this study is to determine to what extent the use of the wiki, in the context of teaching through a virtual classroom, allows to improve collaboration in the development of group work of students from a private university in Lima. The quasi-experimental design, with pretest and posttest, an intact group and an experimental group is used as a research method. The instrument used constitutes a rubric that evaluates the dimensions of collaborative learning: positive interdependence, meaning construction and psychosocial relationships. The results showed that the use of the wiki improves collaborative learning in undergraduate students.

Resumen El avance de la tecnología ha permitido la creación de entornos de aprendizaje que favorecen la interacción social, logrando identificar aspectos claves para el desarrollo de actividades colaborativas, con relación a la conformación de grupos. El presente estudio tiene por objetivo determinar en qué medida la utilización de la wiki, en el contexto de enseñanza mediante un aula virtual, permite mejorar la colaboración en el desarrollo de trabajos grupales de estudiantes de una universidad privada de Lima. Se emplea como método de investigación el diseño cuasi experimental, con pretest y postest, un grupo intacto y un grupo experimental. El instrumento utilizado constituye una rúbrica que evalúa las dimensiones del aprendizaje colaborativo: interdependencia positiva, construcción de significado y relaciones psicosociales. Los resultados mostraron que el uso de la wiki mejora el aprendizaje colaborativo en los estudiantes de pregrado.

ABSTRACT Research and scientific publication are important aspects of professional training in health, as they will allow efficient practice of evidence-based medicine. The objective was to describe through bibliometric indicators the scientific production related to the training of health professionals in Peru during the period 2014-2018 . Bibliometric study of the entire Peruvian scientific production that deals with the training of health professionals in the period 2014-2018, retrieved from the Google academic database. We calculated the scientometric indicators of 155 articles filtered by the Harzing's Publish or Perish v.6 software. The variables studied were: total number of articles, citations, average citations per year for articles, authors and authors per year, average articles per author, average number of authors per article, the h, g indexes contemporary h (hc), individual h (hI), standard hI, AWCR, AW, AWCRpA, e, hm, annual hI, amplitude H, amplitude, number of authors, index of collaboration, most-cited articles and annual distribution of articles, as well as their publishers. A total of 905 citations were obtained with an average of 181.00; 5.84 and 457.37 citations per year, articles and authors respectively. The publications have an H-index of 16 and a G-index of 19. The annual production of 2015, with 41 publications, stood out, the largest number of authors work in pairs (48 articles). A total of 458 authors were published in the 155 articles, generating a 2.95 collaboration rate. Scientific production related to the training of health professionals in Peru was scarce in the last 5 years. Scientometric indicators show a decreasing trend.

RESUMEN La investigación y la publicación científica son aspectos importantes dentro de la formación profesional en salud, pues permitirán practicar eficientemente una medicina basada en evidencias. El objetivo del trabajo fue describir a través de indicadores bibliométricos la producción científica relacionada con la formación de profesionales de la salud en Perú durante el periodo 2014-2018. Estudio bibliométrico sobre la totalidad de la producción científica peruana que trata de la formación de profesionales de la salud en el período 2014-2018, recuperada de la base de datos de Google Académico. Se calcularon los indicadores cienciométricos de 155 artículos filtrados por el software Harzing’s Publish or Perish v. 6. Las variables estudiadas fueron: total de artículos, citas, promedio de citas por año, por artículos, por autores y por autores por año, promedio de artículos por autor, promedio de autores por artículo, índices h, g, h contemporáneo (hc), h individual (hI), hI normalizado, AWCR, AW, AWCRpA, e, hm, hI anual, amplitud H, amplitud, cantidad de autores, índice de colaboración, artículos más citados y distribución anual de los artículos, así como su publicador. Se obtuvo un total de 905 citas con un promedio de 181.00; 5.84 y 457.37 citas por año, artículos y autores respectivamente. Las publicaciones poseen un índice h de 16 y un índice g de 19. Destaca la producción anual del año 2015, con 41 publicaciones. La mayor cantidad de autores trabajan en parejas (48 artículos). Se totalizaron 458 autores en los 155 artículos, generando un índice de colaboración de 2.95. La producción científica relacionada con la formación de profesionales de la salud en Perú fue escasa en los últimos 5 años. Los indicadores cienciométricos muestran una tendencia decreciente.

Currently, new and interesting topics are being studied and they are promoted by Positive Psychology. This new psychological approach studies what makes life worth living, analyzes what is going well in life since birth until death (Seligman & Csikszentmihalyi, 2000). Positive Psychology studies the optimal experience, in which people show how they are and do their best in each activity they perform. Thus, a new look at humans, focusing on their positive qualities, welfare, optimism and happiness, this new landscape gives us a new approach to solving the problems of mental health and obtaining optimum quality is provided of life. The results of the Positive Psychology are aimed at contributing to a more complete and balanced scientific understanding of the existence and experience of the human being and transmitting valuable lessons about how to build a happy, healthy, productive and significant life (Park & Peterson, 2009). Based on the literature review, there are currently few studies addressing topics of Positive Psychology, and of happiness, optimism and self-realization in adult college students compared to self-concept or anxiety. "Martin Seligman was one of the mentors in relation with this. After he had studied about depression for many years, he started to study positive emotions giving place to what is known today as Positive Psychology" (Zúñiga, 2010, p. 9). A research was done and it analyzes the relationship between happiness, optimism and self-realization in students of a Higher Education Program for Adults. The description of study variables was also studied using sociodemographic data. Samples consisted of 300 adult students of both genders and of age 19 to 59. The reviewed Spanish version of Life Orientation Test, the Happiness Scale of Lima (EFL) and the APICE Self-realization Scale of Leni were applied. The psychometric properties of the instruments show that they are valid and reliable. The validity of the content was obtained from the opinions of experts, and reliability values for the scales. Among the main findings, it was found that there is a direct and highly significant correlation between happiness and optimism, happiness and self-realization and optimism and self-realization, that is, high levels of happiness and optimism are better predictors of self-realization, ie that as college students adults evidencing higher levels of happiness, also presented higher levels of optimism, which allows feel self-realization, so students who are perceived happy and optimistic have less unsolved problems when fighting for their goals, targets or face the difficulties of their environment, performing them in a more successful way. Likewise, there is a multiple normal distribution of happiness, optimism and self-realization dimensions, which represent input variables to the canonical correlation analysis. A very intense positive correlation was found between positive meaning of life and a very intense negative correlation with pessimism. In conclusion, each stage of the cycle of life in the human being implies getting adapted, setting goals, accepting losses, as well as new challenges; but during the early adult hood stage, the human being experiences and develops physical, cognitive, affective and social changes, which are framed in a single goal, responsibility in the family, work and studies (François, 2001). Thus, people who feel happy, optimistic and self-realized will be more socially affective, more persistent, tenacious in achieving their goals and more competitive and will be more motivated for the effective performance. By focusing on the discussion of this article, the positive relationships they play an important role, are related to social skills which favors the academic development, especially in adults who undertake the challenge of becoming professionals; also it is invited to these results as a basis to highlight the need to expand research with positive variables as its application in academia can help promote the role of a student.

Actualmente se comienzan a estudiar temas novedosos e interesantes que son promovidos por la Psicología Positiva (PP). Esta nueva orientación de la Psicología estudia lo que va bien en la vida, desde el momento en el que el ser humano llega a este mundo hasta que fallece (Seligman & Csikszentmihalyi, 2000). Seligman después de muchos años de estudiar la depresión, realizó un giro de 180º para estudiar las emociones positivas, dando lugar a lo que hoy se conoce como Psicología Positiva (Zúñiga, 2010). Se presenta un estudio que analiza la relación que existe entre felicidad, optimismo y autorrealización, en alumnos de un Programa de Educación Superior para Adultos. Se estudió también la descripción de las variables de estudio, a través de datos sociodemográficos. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 300 sujetos de ambos sexos, de 19 a 59 años de edad. Se administraron la versión revisada y española del Test de Orientación Vital, la Escala de Felicidad de Lima (EFL) y la Escala de Autorrealización APICE de LENI. Las propiedades psicométricas de los instrumentos evidencian su validez y confiabilidad. Entre los principales hallazgos se encontró que existe una correlación directa y altamente significativa entre felicidad y optimismo y felicidad y autorrealización. De igual forma, se observa una distribución normal múltiple de las dimensiones de felicidad, optimismo y autorrealización, las que representan las variables de entrada al análisis de correlación canónica. Se encontró una correlación positiva muy intensa entre el sentido positivo de la vida y una correlación negativa muy intensa con el pesimismo.

Currently many schools in Latin America face strong demands from their environments, these demands are marked by an increasing and more complex economic poverty, a deeper social inclusion and a lack of social cohesion, which are reflected in an escalated individualism. In addition to these demands, there are other expectations imposed by the academic and political world. In the academic world, contextualized learning and quality education services are expected, while in the political world, the demands are constituted by more levels of inclusion and of student permanence in schools. Together, these demands define a scenario for education characterized by several gaps: the ones between the performances of students from public and private schools, urban and rural schools, considering if they are male or female students, amongst others. It is important to highlight one of the most substantial disparity, which is the breach that exists from what the school is able to offer, greatly represented by the teacher in the classroom, and the emerging needs of the students,these needs correspond to particular and very diverse social environments, where every specific demand must be satisfied. To Close this gap, and the others previously mentioned, which are of no less importance, a priority in the political agenda of the governments must be given. To accomplish this major point, it is necessary to strengthen teachers' abilities to use and manage technologies and tools that will allow them to cater to the diversity of students in each of the schools attended, as well as contextualize teaching practices, and adapt them to reach the needs of these specific groups. In order to address these points many interventions, which used various training modes and work methodologies, were executed. However the actions taken, they have not have the desired outcome until now. Moreover the evidence resulting from international research specify that to strengthen the skills of the teachers accordingly, it is necessary that the training of in-service teachers should allow the promotion of spaces for reflection and dialog, as well as the opportunity to question common knowledge and practices. Data obtained from the field report that training given to teachers only generates real changes in teaching practices when these teachers have previously changed their understanding and beliefs of what teaching is to them, aligning them with the new approaches. This same data also reports that one of the most effective methodologies to generate these positive changes is the use of action research. The following observational investigation composed a study group of 21 in-service teachers attending a professional development that incorporated an action-research component. The purpose of this study is to establish how, and to what extent, the capacities for competitive research were strengthened in the group previously mentioned. To achieve this, different information collection tools were used for the observation of teaching performance: Tools such as tests, focus groups, analysis of testimonies and products. Complementary methodologies were also used for the quantitative and qualitative analysis, giving an emphasis on the latter. The results obtained from the quantitative analysis account for a significant improvement in each one of the seven skills that were part of this research, which are presented in the study as a whole. The results of the qualitative analysis report improvements in areas such as the formulation of problems, the use of evidences and methodological tools, hypothesis formulation and intervention, and scientific writing strategies, as well as important improvement in the capacity to research generally speaking. However, the outcome of this investigation has not created and impact in teachers so that will pursue them to implement and evaluate the use of research in their teaching practices.

Las escuelas latinoamericanas enfrentan demandas desde los entornos en los que operan, que definen escenarios caracterizados por las brechas entre aquello que las escuelas están capacitadas para ofrecer (representado principalmente por los docentes en el aula) y las necesidades emergentes de estudiantes que responden a entornos sociales concretos y muy diversos. Cerrar esta brecha es una prioridad y se estima que para ello es necesario fortalecer las capacidades de los docentes en aspectos como la contextualización de sus prácticas. Para ello se ejecutaron diversas intervenciones empleando distintos formatos de capacitación y metodologías de trabajo. Se presenta un estudio observacional realizado sobre una experiencia de desarrollo profesional docente que incorporó un componente de investigación-acción, con 21 docentes en servicio. El propósito del estudio fue establecer cómo y cuánto se fortalecieron las habilidades y expectativas que componen la competencia de investigación docente en el grupo mencionado. Se emplearon distintas herramientas para juntar información como pruebas, grupos focales, análisis de testimonios y de textos. Asimismo, se utilizaron complementariamente análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo, con énfasis en este último. Los resultados dan cuenta de mejoras significativas en las habilidades de problematización, empleo de evidencias y herramientas metodológicas, formulación de hipótesis y estrategias de intervención y redacción científica; así como de mejoras igualmente significativas en la competencia de investigación en general. Los mismos no reportan cambios o mejoras en las expectativas de empleo de la investigación en la enseñanza.

In this study, a risk identification method is applied for introducing a new manufacturing process using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as host cell, in a certified multiproduct plant, where intermediate products are manufactured using Escherichia coli, in addition risk control actions are proposed. The quality risk analysis was applied, with the support of basic tools and techniques as observation, teamwork, brainstorming and 6M analysis. As a result, the risks associated to the process, to the facility and to the changeover were identified. All risk control actions were implemented with the same priority during the introduction of this new process as part of Good Manufacturing Practices compliance.

En este trabajo se aplicó la identificación de riesgos para la introducción de un nuevo proceso de fabricación que usa Saccharomyces cerevisiae como célula huésped en una planta multiproducto certificada, donde se fabrican productos intermedios provenientes de Escherichia coli y se proponen acciones para su control. Para ello se aplicó el análisis de riesgos de la calidad, con apoyo de herramientas y técnicas básicas de observación, trabajo en equipo, tormenta de ideas y las 6 M. Como resultado se identificaron los riesgos asociados a las diferentes operaciones del proceso, a la instalación y al procedimiento de cambio de campaña. Todas las acciones de control de riesgos se implementaron con una misma prioridad para la introducción de este nuevo proceso como parte del cumplimiento de las Buenas Prácticas de Fabricación.