ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate the effects of chronic stress in the prostate of prepubertal and adult rats. Methods: Thirty-two male rats were assigned into four groups depending on the type of treatment (control or stressed) and the age at which stress was initiated (prepubertal or adult). Restraint stress stimuli were applied for six weeks. Stressed prepubertal and adult rats evaluated immediately after the last stress stimuli were named SP and SA groups, respectively. Age-matched rats were used as control groups (CP and CA). At the end of the experiment, the rats were euthanized, and prostate morphological parameters were evaluated and statistically compared. Results: Application of stress stimuli to the SP group resulted in reduced body weight, but no prostate morphological modification was noted. The SA group showed reduced testosterone level and prostatic epithelium surface density, in comparison to CA group. Further, the prostatic lumen surface density was increased in adult stressed animals, in comparison to adult controls. Conclusions: The stress stimuli promoted changes in hormonal and morphological parameters in the prostate of adult stressed rats. Prepubertal stressed animals did not presented modifications of prostate morphology. Purpose Methods Thirtytwo Thirty two adult. . adult) weeks respectively Agematched Age matched CP CA. CA) experiment euthanized compared Results weight noted Further controls Conclusions morphology

BACKGROUND Dengue is a disease caused by dengue virus (DENV-1 through -4). Among the four serotypes, DENV-4 remains the least studied. Acute kidney injury is a potential complication of dengue generally associated with severe dengue infection. OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to investigate the alterations caused by experimental dengue infection in the kidney of adult BALB/c mice. METHODS In this study, BALB/c mice were infected through the intravenous route with a DENV-4 strain, isolated from a human patient. The kidneys of the mice were procured and subject to histopathological and ultrastructural analysis. FINDINGS The presence of the viral antigen was confirmed through immunohistochemistry. Analysis of tissue sections revealed the presence of inflammatory cell infiltrate throughout the parenchyma. Glomerular enlargement was a common find. Necrosis of tubular cells and haemorrhage were also observed. Analysis of the kidney on a transmission electron microscope allowed a closer look into the necrotic tubular cells, which presented nuclei with condensed chromatin, and loss of cytoplasm. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Even though the kidney is probably not a primary target of dengue infection in mice, the inoculation of the virus in the blood appears to damage the renal tissue through local inflammation. DENV1 DENV 1 (DENV- 4. 4 . -4) serotypes DENV4 DENV- studied BALBc BALB c strain patient analysis immunohistochemistry parenchyma find observed chromatin cytoplasm inflammation (DENV -4 -

Resumo Com o avanço do conhecimento, a covid-19 passou a ser considerada uma doença do sistema respiratório, podendo ter comprometimento multissistêmico. Analisou-se a prevalência de trombose venosa profunda (TVP) em membros inferiores em pacientes acometidos pela covid-19 através de uma pesquisa de revisão integrativa, considerando o período de 2019 a 2022. Os procedimentos utilizados para a seleção dos artigos foram identificação das palavras-chave, elaboração da estratégia de busca, consulta em bases de dados e exclusão dos artigos em duplicata e outros. A exclusão foi feita com base nos seguintes critérios: artigos sobre complicações vasculares arteriais em membros inferiores, pesquisas laboratoriais, relatos de casos referentes a complicações venosas e arteriais em outros sítios e artigos não relacionados ao desfecho de TVP. Do total de 284 artigos, foram incluídos 42. Observou-se grande variabilidade na prevalência de TVP em pacientes com covid-19 (0,43 a 60,87%). Sugere-se que a ocorrência de TVP em pacientes com covid-19 está associada à gravidade desta doença. conhecimento covid19 covid 19 covid-1 respiratório multissistêmico Analisouse Analisou se (TVP integrativa 201 2022 palavraschave, palavraschave palavras chave, chave palavras-chave busca critérios laboratoriais 28 42 Observouse Observou 0,43 043 0 43 (0,4 60,87%. 6087 60,87% . 60 87 60,87%) Sugerese Sugere covid1 1 covid- 20 202 2 4 0,4 04 (0, 608 60,87 6 8 0, (0 60,8 ( 60,

Abstract As knowledge has accumulated, COVID-19 has come to be considered a disease of the respiratory system that can also cause multisystemic involvement. This study analyzed the prevalence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in the lower limbs of patients with COVID-19 by conducting an integrative review of the literature published from 2019 to 2022. The procedures involved in article selection were identification of keywords, definition of the search strategy, consultation of databases, and exclusion of duplicate articles and others that did not meet the review objectives. Exclusion of articles was based on the following exclusion criteria: articles on arterial vascular complications involving the lower limbs, laboratory experiments, cases reports describing venous and arterial complications involving other sites, and articles unrelated to the outcome of interest: DVT. A total of 284 articles were identified, 42 of which were included. There was considerable variability in the prevalence of DVT among patients with COVID-19 (range: 0.43 to 60.87%). The findings suggest that occurrence of DVT in patients with COVID-19 is associated with disease severity. accumulated COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 involvement (DVT 201 2022 keywords strategy databases objectives criteria experiments sites interest 28 identified 4 included range (range 043 0 43 0.4 60.87%. 6087 60.87% . 60 87 60.87%) severity COVID1 1 COVID- 20 202 2 04 0. 608 60.87 6 8 60.8 60.

RESUMO A fim de atender a demanda de nutrientes ou cobertura do solo, quando se utilizam plantas para adubação verde, é necessário o conhecimento da adequada população de plantas, quantidade de nutrientes liberada e período de liberação. Objetivou-se verificar a taxa de decomposição e a liberação de nitrogênio (N), fósforo (P) e potássio (K) da palhada de capim-vetiver. Utilizou-se arranjo de parcelas subdivididas, sendo as parcelas constituídas por períodos de decomposição da palhada após o corte (0, 15, 25, 70 e 125 dias) e as subparcelas por populações de capim-vetiver (1, 2, 3 e 4 plantas m-2). O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Para N, P e K, as maiores liberações ocorreram durante os primeiros cinco dias. A população de 3 plantas m-2 foi a que apresentou a maior massa seca de palhada aos 125 dias, e a mesma continha mais N, P e K, se comparada às populações de 1, 2 e 4 plantas m-2.

ABSTRACT In order to meet the need for nutrients or soil cover, when plants are used as green manure, it is necessary to determine the ideal plant population, as well as the amount and duration of released nutrients. This study aimed to assess the decomposition and nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) release rates of vetiver grass mulch. A split-plot arrangement was used, with the plots consisting of mulch decomposition times after cutting (0, 15, 25, 70 and 125 days) and the subplots of vetiver plant densities (1, 2, 3 and 4 plants m-2). A randomized block design was used, with four replications. The highest release rates for N, P and K were recorded during the first five days. The plant density of 3 plants m-2 exhibited the highest mulch dry weight at 125 days and contained more N, P and K, when compared to the populations of 1, 2 and 4 plants m-2.

INTRODUÇÃO: Rigidez e flexibilidade são propriedades musculares freqüentemente consideradas como sinônimas na literatura, apesar de apresentarem diferenças com relação as suas definições. OBJETIVO: Investigar a contribuição da medida de flexibilidade dos isquiotibiais para a rigidez passiva deste grupo muscular. MÉTODOS: A rigidez e a flexibilidade foram avaliadas em 33 indivíduos saudáveis. Um dinamômetro isocinético registrava o torque passivo oferecido pelos isquiotibiais durante a extensão passiva do joelho, à velocidade de 5º/s. Durante os testes, foi feita a monitoração da atividade muscular para garantir silêncio eletromiográfico. A inclinação da reta torque x ângulo foi utilizada para determinar a rigidez total dos isquiotibiais. A amplitude de teste foi dividida em três porções para calcular a rigidez do 1º, 2º e 3º terços do movimento angular. A flexibilidade foi avaliada através do ângulo articular do joelho em que o movimento da alavanca foi interrompido pelo examinador ao perceber resistência à movimentação adicional e o participante relatar sensação de desconforto pelo alongamento dos isquiotibiais. Como tratamento estatístico, foram utilizadas análises de regressão simples. RESULTADOS: Análises de regressão demonstraram valores de correlação r = -0,48 (R² = 0,23; p = 0,005), r = -0,54 (R² = 0,29; p = 0,001), r = -0,46 (R² = 0,21; p = 0,007) e r = -0,45 (R² = 0,20; p = 0,008) entre flexibilidade e rigidez passiva total, 1º, 2º e 3º terços, respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar de as associações entre as variáveis terem sido significativas, uma percentagem pequena da variabilidade da medida de rigidez passiva pode ser explicada pela flexibilidade. Conclui-se que essas propriedades não são sinônimas e devem ser analisadas de forma independente.

INTRODUCTION: The terms stiffness and flexibility, which refer to muscle properties, are frequently used as synonymous in the literature. However, these two muscle properties have distinct definitions. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the contribution of the measure of flexibility to the passive stiffness of the hamstrings. METHODS: Stiffness and flexibility were measured in 33 healthy individuals. An isokinetic dynamometer registered the resistance torque offered by the hamstrings during knee passive extension at 5º/s. Muscle activity was monitored during the tests to guarantee electromyographic silence. The slope of the torque-angle curve was used to determine the hamstrings passive stiffness. The range of the test was divided into three portions to calculate the stiffness of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd thirds of knee movement. Flexibility was assessed by having the examiner move the lever of the dynamometer in the direction of knee extension. The final measure was determined as the angle at which movement was interrupted because the examiner perceived a resistance to further movement and the volunteer reported a sensation of discomfort. Simple regressions were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The regression analysis demonstrated correlation values of r = -0.48 (R² = 0.23; p = 0.005), r = -0.54 (R² = 0.29; p = 0.001), r = -0.46 (R² = 0.21; p = 0.007) and r = -0.45 (R² = 0.20; p = 0.008) between flexibility and total, 1st, 2nd and 3rd third stiffness, respectively. CONCLUSION: Despite significant associations between the analyzed variables, flexibility explains only a low percentage of the variability of the stiffness measure. Stiffness and flexibility are not equivalent and should be analyzed independently.

INTRODUCCIÓN: Rigidez y flexibilidad son propiedades musculares que con frecuencia son consideradas como similares en la literatura, a pesar de presentar diferencias con relación a sus definiciones. OBJETIVO: Investigar la contribución de la medida de flexibilidad de los isquiotibiales para la rigidez pasiva de este grupo muscular. MÉTODOS: La rigidez y la flexibilidad fueron evaluadas en 33 individuos saludables. Un dinamómetro isocinético registraba el torque pasivo ofrecido por los isquiotibiales durante la extensión pasiva de la rodilla, a una velocidad de 5°/s. Durante los tests, fue hecha el monitoreo de la actividad muscular para garantizar silencio electromiográfico. La inclinación de la recta torque x ángulo fue usada para determinar la rigidez total de los isquiotibiales. La amplitud del test fue dividida en tres porciones para calcular la rigidez del 1º, 2º y 3º tercio del movimiento angular. La flexibilidad fue evaluada a través del ángulo articular de la rodilla en que el movimiento de la palanca fue interrumpida por el examinador al percibir resistencia al movimiento adicional y el participante relatar una sensación de incomodidad por el alongamiento de los isquiotibiales. Como tratamiento estadístico, fueron utilizados análisis de regresión simple. RESULTADOS: Análisiss de regresión demostraron valores de correlación r = -0,48 (R² = 0,23; p = 0,005), r = -0.54 (R² = 0.29; p = 0.001), r = -0.46 (R² = 0.21; p = 0.007) y r = -0.45 (R² = 0.20; p = 0.008) entre flexibilidad y rigidez pasiva total, 1º, 2º y 3º tercios, respectivamente. CONCLUSIÓN: A pesar de las asociaciones entre las variables haber sido significativas, un porcentaje pequeño de la variabilidad de la medida de rigidez pasiva puede ser explicada por la flexibilidad. Se concluye que estas propiedades no son sinónimas y deben ser analizadas de forma independiente.