RESUMO O tegumento e conteúdo de água das sementes podem interferir na sua tolerância a choques térmicos, assim como o seu ambiente de origem. Para testar essas possibilidades, sementes de Plathymenia reticulata e Stryphnodendron adstringens foram coletadas no norte do Estado de Minas Gerais (representando savana seca) e no nordeste do Estado do Mato Grosso (representando savana úmida) do bioma Cerrado, e suas respostas a choques térmicos de 110, 140 e 170 ºC por 2,5 minutos foram avaliadas sob diferentes condições; intactas, escarificadas, e embebidas após escarificação. Sementes escarificadas e embebidas germinaram mais rapidamente para ambas as espécies. Sementes de savana seca apresentaram menor teor de água inicial e germinação mais lenta para ambas as espécies, porém maior tolerância a choques térmicos que sementes de savana úmida. Sementes de P. reticulata não sobreviveram após tratamento de 140 ºC, mas sementes de S. adstringens de savana seca suportaram tratamento de 170 ºC, independentemente de estarem escarificadas e/ou embebidas. Conclui-se que sementes de P. reticulata são menos tolerantes a choques térmicos que sementes de S. adstringens, que sementes secas são mais tolerantes a choques térmicos que sementes embebidas, e que sementes de savanas secas são mais tolerantes a choques térmicos que sementes de ambientes úmidos.

ABSTRACT Seed coat and water content may be direct determinants of seed tolerance to heat shocks, which may also be determined by the origin of the seeds. To check this, seeds of Plathymenia reticulata and Stryphnodendron adstringens were collected in the north of Minas Gerais State (representing a dry savanna) and in the northeast of Mato Grosso State (wet savanna) of the Cerrado biome and subjected to heat shocks of 110, 140 and 170 ºC for 2.5 minutes under three conditions; intact, scarified, and scarified and soaked. Soaked and scarified seeds of both species germinated more quickly. For both species, seeds from dry savanna showed lower initial water content and slower germination, but greater tolerance to heat shocks than seeds from wet savannas. No survival was detected among seeds of P. reticulata after treatment of 140 ºC, while seeds of S. adstringens from dry savannas tolerated treatment of 170 ºC, regardless of being scarified and imbibed or not. We conclude that seeds of P. reticulata have a lower tolerance to heat shock than seeds of S. adstringens, that imbibed seeds are less tolerant to heat shock than non-imbibed seeds and that seeds from dry savannas are more tolerant to heat shock than those from wet savannas

In this article, we review allelopathy studies conducted in Brazil or involving plant species that occur in the country. Conceptions and misconceptions associated with allelopathy, as well as some international criteria to be applied in allelopathic research, are presented and discussed. We observed a sharp increase in the number of papers on this subject conducted in Brazil between 1991 and 2010. However, most studies are conducted under laboratory conditions, lack a clear hypothesis or a solid justification, and typically make use of target species that do not co-exist with the donor species under natural conditions. We also found that most studies do not take the additional steps in order to purify and identify the bioactive molecules. We recommend that further studies be conducted in order to explore the potential of plant biodiversity in Brazil. Such studies could lead to the development of new molecular structures (allelochemicals) that could be used in the control of pests and weeds, thereby reducing the use of the harmful synthetic herbicides that are currently being widely employed.