Abstract The Paranaguá Estuarine Complex (PEC) is one of Brazil's largest southwest Atlantic estuarine systems, possessing a rich microalgae diversity that remains to be fully explored. Therefore, due to the increasing interest in the microalgae biotechnological potential, this study isolated and identified diatoms found in the PEC. The diatoms were purified and analyzed with light and scanning electron microscopy for morphological identification, while DNA sequences were used for molecular identification. Although a diatoms rich diversity was obtained, only a few were viable after the cultivation period. The two best-selected strains were identified as belonging to two genera, Nitzschia and Navicula. The rbcL region was found to be the most informative for species identification. Morphological and molecular analyses allowed for the identification of species Nitzschia inconspicua and Navicula pseudoantonii, which was understood as the first report of N. pseudoantonii in the American continent. PEC (PEC Brazils Brazil s systems explored Therefore potential obtained period bestselected best selected genera N continent

Abstract Abscisic acid (ABA) is a plant hormone that plays several roles in plant development. The de novo synthesis and the reversible inactivation of ABA have been largely described in the literature; however, the degradation of ABA, promoted by the enzymes Abscisic Acid 8'-Hydroxylase, encoded by the CYP707A gene family, is still poorly elucidated. Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) has been used as a model to study the ABA-dependent maturation process of non-climacteric fruits, and the ABA-dependent response to abiotic stress. However, the CYP707A genes from this species have not been fully described and characterized. In this perspective, FaCYP707A sequences were identified from strawberry fruit transcriptome and several structural and comparative genomic analyzes were performed. Moreover, the expression of the FaCYP707A sequences identified was investigated in fruits under salt stress and ABA application. Four putative FaCYP707A were identified and the structural analysis confirmed the identity of three of them. The phylogenetic analysis allowed to determine their homologous in other plant species and to predict their evolutionary history; and the expression profile of the FaCYP707As demonstrated that FaCYP707A3 seems to be involved in the response against salt stress in an ABA-dependent manner. Moreover, the interaction network analysis pointed out proteins involved in the ABA metabolism, heavy metal homeostasis and detoxification, and cell wall dissemble. This study characterized for the first time the CYP707A gene family in F. ananassa; this information will guide future studies in order to develop biofortified fruits and stress tolerant plants.

ABSTRACT. The use of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB), which aims to replace chemical fertilizers and biological control, is a goal for achieving agriculture sustainability. In this scenario, our goal was to identify and evaluate the potential of bacteria isolated from maize roots to promote plant growth and be used as inoculants. We evaluated 173 bacterial strains isolated from the maize (Zea mays L.) rhizosphere for the properties of their PGPB in vitro. Twelve strains were positive for siderophores, indole acetic acid (IAA) production, biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), and phosphate solubilization. Sequence analysis of 16S rRNA identified these strains as belonging to the genera Cellulosimicrobium, Stenotrophomonas, Enterobacter, and Bacillus. The elite strains were evaluated under greenhouse conditions upon the inoculation of two maize hybrids, ATL100 and KWX628. The ability of the isolates to promote plant growth was dependent on the maize genotype; Enterobacter sp. LGMB208 showed the best ability to promote growth of hybrid ATL100, while Enterobacter sp. strains LGMB125, LGMB225, and LGMB274 and Cellulosimicrobium sp. strain LGMB239 showed the best ability to promote growth of hybrid KWX628. The results highlight the potential of bacterial genera little explored as maize PGPB but indicate the need to investigate their interactions with different plant genotypes.

Abstract Due mainly to the taste and appearance, the strawberry stands out in relation to the other fruits. and for the presence of antioxidant compounds. However, little attention has been devoted to the impact of abiotic stresses on the quality of strawberry and its agronomic performance. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of two levels of DS (L1 - 70% and L2 - 50% of crop evapotranspiration) on the quality of strawberry fruit and on some agronomic and physiological variables. There was a dose-dependent reduction in the evaluated agronomic variables in the DS plants, and the content of some minerals in the fruit and leaves was modified. The activities of the oxidative enzymes were higher in the fruit of L2 treatment, and the content of sucrose, reduced sugars, phenolic compounds and the total antioxidant activity were increased in the fruit from L2 treatment; while those of anthocyanins and L-ascorbic acid were reduced in L1 and L2 treatments, respectively. The phenylalanine ammonia lyase gene was upregulated and other genes related to phenylpropanoid and ascorbate pathways were downregulated in the fruit of stressed plants. Thus, our results indicate that DS seems to be a promising strategy to improve the content of antioxidant compounds and sugars.

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Candidiasis is the most frequent opportunistic mycosis in humans and can cause mortality, particularly in immunodeficient patients. One major concern is the increasing number of infections caused by drug-resistant Candidas trains, as these cannot be efficiently treated with standard therapeutics. The most common mechanism of fluconazole resistance in Candida is mutation of ERG11, a gene involved in the biosynthesis of ergosterol, a compound essential for cell integrity and membrane function. METHODS: Based on this knowledge, we investigated polymorphisms in the ERG11 gene of 3 Candida species isolated from immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. In addition, we correlated the genetic data with the fluconazole susceptibility profile of the Candida isolates. RESULTS: A total of 80 Candida albicans, 8 Candida tropicalis and 6 Candida glabrata isolates were obtained from the saliva of diabetic, kidney transplant and immunocompetent patients. Isolates were considered susceptible to fluconazole if the minimum inhibitory concentration was lower than 8 μg/mL. The amino acid mutations F105L, D116E, K119N, S137L, and K128T were observed in C. albicans isolates, and T224C and G263A were found in C. tropicalis isolates. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the high number of polymorphisms observed, the mutations occurred in regions that are not predicted to interfere with ergosterol synthesis, and therefore are not related to fluconazole resistance.

Resumo Neste artigo temos como objetivo problematizar a função do arquivista no trabalho de catalogação das obras expressivas da Oficina de Criatividade do Hospital Psiquiátrico São Pedro, localizado em Porto Alegre, RS. Entendemos que, neste procedimento, é possível realizar um exercício de desmontagem do território a partir de escolha ética sobre o modo de narrar e analisar as criações daqueles que foram levados a viver na marginalidade da sociedade, asilados por longo tempo em hospital psiquiátrico. Nesse sentido, nossa intenção segue no contra fluxo dos discursos hegemônicos patologizantes, produzindo outros enunciados sobre o louco e suas linguagens destoantes. Como cartógrafos da memória e do esquecimento, os arquivistas da Oficina de Criatividade lançam-se à experimentação de novas sensibilidades em seu encontro com imagens auráticas. Com o acervo crescendo a cada dia, os arquivistas afirmam o caráter fragmentário da memória e a incompletude característica da contínua consignação de um arquivo inacabável.

Abstract In this article we seek to problematize the role of the archivist in the cataloging of creative works produced by the Creativity Atelier at the São Pedro Psychiatric Hospital in Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Within this undertaking, we deem it possible to conduct an exercise in the dismantling of a territory instituted on an ethical decision sustained by a mode of narration and analysis of creations produced by individuals relegated to the margins of society, namely those who are institutionalized for lengthy periods of time in a psychiatric hospital. In this sense, our intent goes against the grain of hegemonic pathologizing discourses in order to produce other propositions about the mentally ill and their discordant languages. As cartographers of memory and oblivion, the archivists of the Creativity Atelier invest themselves in experimenting with new sensibilities in their encounter with auratic images. As the number of studies grows every day, the archivists affirm the fragmentary nature of memory and the characteristic incompleteness of the continuous consignment to an interminable archive.

Resumen En este artículo se pretende analizar el papel del archivero en el trabajo de catalogación de obras expresivas del Taller de Creatividad del Hospital Psiquiátrico São Pedro, ubicado en la ciudad de Porto Alegre, Río Grande do Sul (Brasil). Entendemos que en este procedimiento se puede realizar un ejercicio de desmantelamiento del territorio con base en una decisión ética acerca del modo de narrar y analizar las creaciones de los que fueron llevados a vivir a las márgenes de la sociedad, asilados durante mucho tiempo en un hospital psiquiátrico. En este sentido, nuestra intención se presenta en contraflujo de los discursos hegemónicos patologizantes, con el fin de producir otros enunciados sobre el loco y sus lenguajes disonantes. Como cartógrafos de la memoria y del olvido, los archiveros del Taller de Creatividad se lanzan a probar nuevas sensibilidades en el encuentro con las imágenes auráticas. A medida que la colección crece día a día, los archiveros afirman el carácter fragmentario de la memoria y la incompletud característica de la asignación continua de un archivo sin fin.

Résumé Dans cet article, nous cherchons à problématiser le rôle de l’archiviste dans le travail de catalogage des œuvres expressives de l’Atelier de Créativité de l’Hôpital Psychiatrique São Pedro, situé à la ville de Porto Alegre/RS, au Brésil. Nous comprenons que dans cette procédure, il y a la possibilité d’un exercice de démontage du territoire, soutenu par un choix éthique sur la façon de raconter et d’analyser les créations de ceux qui ont été marginalisés de la société, abrités pendant longtemps dans l’hôpital psychiatrique. En ce sens, notre intention est à contre-courant des discours hégémoniques pathologisants pour produire autres énoncés sur le fou et ses langages dissonants. Comme cartographes de la mémoire e de l’oubli, les archivistes de l’Atelier de Créativité se jettent à l’expérimentation des nouvelles sensibilités dans leur rencontre avec les images auratiques. À la mesure que la collection croît, les archivistes affirment le caractère fragmentaire de la mémoire et l‘incomplétude propre de la progressive consignation d’une archive interminable.

Yeasts of the genus Candida have high genetic variability and are the most common opportunistic pathogenic fungi in humans. In this study, we evaluated the genetic diversity among 120 isolates of Candida spp. obtained from diabetic patients, kidney transplant recipients and patients without any immune deficiencies from Paraná state, Brazil. The analysis was performed using the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region and a partial sequence of 28S rDNA. In the phylogenetic analysis, we observed a consistent separation of the species C. albicans, C. dubliniensis, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, C. metapsilosis and C. orthopsilosis, however with low intraspecific variability. In the analysis of the C. albicans species, two clades were formed. Clade A included the largest number of isolates (91.2%) and the majority of isolates from GenBank (71.4%). The phylogenetic analysis showed low intraspecific genetic diversity, and the genetic polymorphisms between C. albicans isolates were similar to genetic divergence found in other studies performed with isolates from Brazil. This low genetic diversity of isolates can be explained by the geographic proximity of the patients evaluated. It was observed that yeast colonisation was highest in renal transplant recipients and diabetic patients and that C. albicans was the species most frequently isolated.

Estimou-se a prevalência de capacidade mastigatória insatisfatória referida e fatores associados entre a população de 65 a 74 anos no Brasil. Este estudo faz parte da pesquisa Condições de Saúde Bucal da População Brasileira com 5.124 idosos de 250 municípios. Os dados foram coletados nos domicílios incluindo exame dentário e entrevista. A análise utilizou regressão de Poisson, 2.546 pessoas (49,7%; IC95%: 47,5-51,8) referiram capacidade mastigatória insatisfatória. Na análise ajustada, estavam associadas as variáveis: cor da pele negra (RP = 1,13; IC95%: 1,02-1,26); baixa renda (RP = 1,22; IC95%: 1,12-1,33.); ter dor de dente nos últimos meses (RP = 1,47; IC95%: 1,39-1,57), nunca ir ao dentista (RP = 1,26; IC95%: 1,10-1,44), não receber orientações preventivas (RP = 1,09; IC95%: 1,02-1,17) ter dentes perdidos (RP = 1,66; IC95%: 1,02-2,66), cáries não tratadas (RP = 1,16; IC95%: 1,08-1,25), usar prótese parcial (RP = 0,87; IC95%: 0,76-0,99) ou total (RP = 0,81; IC95%: 0,75-0,88) e necessitar prótese dentária parcial (RP = 1,13; IC95%: 1,03-1,25) ou total (RP = 1,27; IC95%: 1,16-1,39). Assim, aponta para a priorização dos idosos levando-se em consideração seus fatores associados.

We estimated the prevalence of poor self-rated mastication and associated factors among Brazilian elders. The study used data from a national survey of 5,124 Brazilian elderly in 250 cities. Data collection included dental examinations and household interviews with the elderly. The outcome was self-rated mastication. Data analyses used Poisson regression, and the prevalence of poor self-rated mastication was 49.7% (95%CI: 47.5-51.8). Adjusted analyses showed that increased prevalence was associated with: black color/race (PR = 1.13; 95%CI: 1.02-1.26); low income (PR = 1.22; 95%CI: 1.12-1.33.); high rates of tooth loss (PR = 1.66; 95%CI: 1.02-2.66); untreated caries (PR = 1.16; 95%CI: 1.08-1.25); never having visited a dentist (PR = 1.26; 95%CI: 1.10-1.44); toothache (PR = 1.47; 95%CI: 1.39-1.57); use of partial (PR = 0.87; 95%CI: 0.76-0.99) or total prostheses (PR = 0.81; 95%CI: 0.75-0.88); and need for partial (PR = 1.13; 95%CI: 1.03-1.25) or total prostheses (PR = 1.27; 95%CI: 1.16-1.39). The high prevalence emphasizes the dental care needs of this older group. Policies to deal with the problem should take the associated factors into account.

Estimou-se a prevalência de capacidade mastigatória insatisfatória referida e fatores associados entre a população de 65 a 74 anos no Brasil. Este estudo faz parte da pesquisa Condições de Saúde Bucal da População Brasileira com 5.124 idosos de 250 municípios. Os dados foram coletados nos domicílios incluindo exame dentário e entrevista. A análise utilizou regressão de Poisson, 2.546 pessoas (49,7%; IC95%: 47,5-51,8) referiram capacidade mastigatória insatisfatória. Na análise ajustada, estavam associadas as variáveis: cor da pele negra (RP = 1,13; IC95%: 1,02-1,26); baixa renda (RP = 1,22; IC95%: 1,12-1,33.); ter dor de dente nos últimos meses (RP = 1,47; IC95%: 1,39-1,57), nunca ir ao dentista (RP = 1,26; IC95%: 1,10-1,44), não receber orientações preventivas (RP = 1,09; IC95%: 1,02-1,17) ter dentes perdidos (RP = 1,66; IC95%: 1,02-2,66), cáries não tratadas (RP = 1,16; IC95%: 1,08-1,25), usar prótese parcial (RP = 0,87; IC95%: 0,76-0,99) ou total (RP = 0,81; IC95%: 0,75-0,88) e necessitar prótese dentária parcial (RP = 1,13; IC95%: 1,03-1,25) ou total (RP = 1,27; IC95%: 1,16-1,39). Assim, aponta para a priorização dos idosos levando-se em consideração seus fatores associados.

We estimated the prevalence of poor self-rated mastication and associated factors among Brazilian elders. The study used data from a national survey of 5,124 Brazilian elderly in 250 cities. Data collection included dental examinations and household interviews with the elderly. The outcome was self-rated mastication. Data analyses used Poisson regression, and the prevalence of poor self-rated mastication was 49.7% (95%CI: 47.5-51.8). Adjusted analyses showed that increased prevalence was associated with: black color/race (PR = 1.13; 95%CI: 1.02-1.26); low income (PR = 1.22; 95%CI: 1.12-1.33.); high rates of tooth loss (PR = 1.66; 95%CI: 1.02-2.66); untreated caries (PR = 1.16; 95%CI: 1.08-1.25); never having visited a dentist (PR = 1.26; 95%CI: 1.10-1.44); toothache (PR = 1.47; 95%CI: 1.39-1.57); use of partial (PR = 0.87; 95%CI: 0.76-0.99) or total prostheses (PR = 0.81; 95%CI: 0.75-0.88); and need for partial (PR = 1.13; 95%CI: 1.03-1.25) or total prostheses (PR = 1.27; 95%CI: 1.16-1.39). The high prevalence emphasizes the dental care needs of this older group. Policies to deal with the problem should take the associated factors into account.

Uma mutação no gene que codifica o receptor ryanodine 1 (RYR1), também conhecido como gene do halotano (hal) ou gene do estresse suíno, está associada à Síndrome do Estresse Suíno (PSS). A mutação é geralmente detectada por PCR, a partir da amplificação de um fragmento de 81pb do gene hal, seguida por digestão com a endonuclease de restrição HhaI. O alelo normal (N) é cortado em dois fragmentos, enquanto que o alelo mutado (n) não é digerido pela enzima de restrição. A eletroforese do DNA digerido em gel de agarose corado com brometo de etídio permite a leitura do resultado. A interpretação correta é difícil devido ao pequeno tamanho dos fragmentos. Neste estudo, foi projetado um novo par de iniciadores para a amplificação de um fragmento de 144pb, o que facilita a leitura do resultado. Adicionalmente, foi otimizada a reação de PCR para permitir a amplificação a partir de um único bulbo capilar, acrescentado diretamente na mistura de PCR, sem tratamento prévio. Esse método foi usado para genotipar 165 reprodutores utilizados em granjas produtoras de matrizes. Quarenta e nove porcento dos animais apresentaram genótipo NN, 50% Nn e apenas 1% nn.

A mutation in the gene coding for the ryanodine receptor 1 (RYR1), also known as halothane (hal) gene or swine stress gene, is associated to the porcine stress syndrome (PSS). Detection of the mutation is normally accomplished by PCR amplification of an 81bp fragment of the hal gene, followed by digestion with the HhaI restriction endonuclease. Wild-type allele (N) is cut in two fragments, whereas the mutant allele (n) is not digested by the restriction enzyme. Electrophoresis of the digested DNA on agarose gel and ethidium bromide staining allows the reading of the result. The correct interpretation is difficult due to the small size of the DNA fragments. In this study we designed a new set of primers for amplification of a 144bp fragment that facilitates the reading of the result. In addition, we optimized the PCR reaction to allow amplification from a single hair bulb, added directly into the PCR mix without previous treatment. This improved method was used to genotype 165 sows and boars used in a breeding program. Forty-nine percent of the animals had the NN genotype, whereas 50% were Nn and only 1% was nn.