RESUMO: Das pastagens naturais cultivadas no sul do Brasil, as do gênero Paspalum são as mais importantes. Um dos fatores que dificultam o cultivo é a disponibilidade de sementes de qualidade, muitas vezes comprometidas pela presença de fungos. Os objetivos deste estudo foram determinar a sensibilidade in vitro de fungos associados a sementes de Paspalum guenoarum ecótipo azulão a determinados fungicidas, medir a eficiência de tratamentos químicos para controle desses fungos e o desempenho fisiológico das sementes. Os fungos associados às sementes, Bipolaris micropus, Epicoccum sorghinum, Curvularia geniculata e Fusarium incarnatum foram testados in vitro contra Carbendazim; Tiram, Fludioxonil; Metalaxil-M, Carboxina; Tiram e Tiofanato-metílico em 0, 1, 2,5, 5, 10 e 30 µg/mL. Este experimento foi conduzido em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado (fatorial 4 × 4 × 6). As variáveis qualitativas foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (P ≤ 0,05) e as variáveis quantitativas foram submetidas à análise de regressão. Carbendazim; Tiram e Fludioxonil; Metalaxil-M tiveram os melhores desempenhos fungicidas, cada um inibindo três dos quatro fungos com LD50 abaixo de 1 µg/mL. Posteriormente, esses dois fungicidas foram utilizados isoladamente ou em combinação no teste in vivo. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (P < 0,05). O tratamento químico das sementes resultou na melhoria de cinco dos seis parâmetros fisiológicos avaliados. A identificação dos fungos primários associados às sementes de Paspalum relatadas neste trabalho, bem como os danos causados por eles, podem ser diminuídos usando medidas apropriadas, como tratamento de sementes.

ABSTRACT: Of the natural pastures grown in southern Brazil, those of the genus Paspalum are the most important. One of the factors that hinder their cultivation is the availability of quality seeds, that are often compromised by the presence of fungi. This study determined the in vitro sensitivity of Paspalum guenoarum ecotype azulão seed-associated fungus to certain fungicides and to measure the efficiency of chemical treatments for fungal control and seed physiological performance. Bipolaris micropus, Epicoccum sorghinum, Curvularia geniculata and Fusarium incarnatum associated with seeds were tested in vitro against Carbendazim; Tiram, Fludioxonil; Metalaxil-M, Carboxina; Tiram and Tiofanato-metílico at 0, 1, 2.5, 5, 10 and 30 µg/mL. This experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (factorial 4 × 4 × 6). Qualitative variables were compared using the Tukey test (P ≤ 0.05) and quantitative variables were subjected to regression analysis. Carbendazim; Tiram and Fludioxonil; Metalaxil-M had the best fungicidal performances, each inhibiting three of the four fungi with LD50s below 1 µg/mL. Subsequently, these two fungicides were used alone or in combination in the in vivo test. A completely randomized design was used and the means were compared using the Tukey test (P < 0.05). The chemical treatment of the seeds resulted in improvement of five of the six evaluated physiological parameters. The identification of the primary fungi associated with Paspalum seeds reported in this research, as well as damage done to them, can be diminished using appropriate measures such as seed treatments.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to estimate the genetic parameters, genetic correlations, genetic dissimilarity, and predicted gains with the selection of interspecific apomictic Paspalum plicatulum × Paspalum guenoarum hybrids in relation to seed yield traits. Nineteen genotypes that showed increased forage yield in previous studies were planted in a randomized complete block design with ten blocks. Traits evaluated in this study were: number of tillers/plant, number of reproductive tillers/plant, number of racemes/inflorescence, number of seeds/inflorescence, weight of a thousand seeds, and seed yield. Data were analyzed using a mixed model approach. The genotypes evaluated in our study showed improvement potential in relation to high heritability (H a 2 > 0.50 ), high precision (Acgen> 90%), and genetic dissimilarity (forming three groups) for seed yield traits. Seed yield showed high correlation to reproductive tillers that can be used as indirect selection tools for genetic improvement of seed yield.

Abstract The aim of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters and predicted gains with selection of interspecific hybrids of Paspalum in relation to seed production traits Data were analyzed in randomized block design, with 23 genotypes arranged into ten blocks, according to the methodology of mixed models by the REML/BLUP procedure. The traits considered in the study were: number of total tillers/plant, number of reproductive tillers/plant, number of racemes/inflorescence, number of seeds/inflorescence, weight of a thousand seeds and seed production. Variability among genotypes, high heritability (>0.50), except total tillers (0.44) and number of racemes (0.36), and high accuracy (>0.90) were identified for all traits. The hybrids 10E5052, 10E4026, 10E507, 10E4025 and 10E40104 are among the top ten because they have high genetic values in three or more traits, indicating that these genotypes should be recommended for direct use in planting or potential parents to be used in new crosses.

RESUMO A utilização da divergência genética como base para a identificação de indivíduos superiores, com maior heterozigose, é importante diante da dificuldade de escolha de genótipos dissimilares, que apresentem média elevada para as características de interesse. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a divergência genética e a expressão dos caracteres da produção de sementes de dezessete híbridos apomíticos de Paspalum plicatulum × Paspalum guenoarum e dois genitores masculinos (P. guenoarum). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, com os genótipos arranjados individualmente em dez blocos. Foram avaliadas as seguintes características: total de perfilhos/planta (TP), perfilhos reprodutivos/planta (PR), número de racemos/inflorescência (NRI), altura dos perfilhos reprodutivos (APR), comprimento de inflorescência (CI), número de sementes/inflorescência (NSI), peso de mil sementes (PMS) e produção de sementes (PS). A divergência genética entre os genótipos foi estimada pelos métodos de agrupamento de Tocher e UPGMA, com emprego da distância generalizada de Mahalanobis (D2 ii’). Os métodos de otimização de Tocher e UPGMA foram concordantes entre si. As características APR (23,59%), CI (21,63%), PMS (16,67%) e PS (14,23%) foram as que mais contribuíram para a divergência genética. A presença de variabilidade genética permitiu a identificação de genótipos divergentes e com médias elevadas para os caracteres estudados, o que possibilita selecionar genótipos com elevado potencial para fins de melhoramento genético. O cruzamento repetido de plantas sexuais superiores com os genótipos Azulão e H20 pode proporcionar efeito heterótico elevado nos caracteres da produção de sementes.

ABSTRACT The use of genetic divergence as a basis for identifying superior individuals, with greater heterozygosity, is important in view of the difficulty when selecting of dissimilar genotypes exhibiting high average for interest traits. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic divergence and the expression of seed production traits in seventeen apomictic Paspalum plicatulum × Paspalum guenoarum hybrids and two male parents (P. guenoarum). A randomized block design was used, with genotypes individually arranged into ten blocks. The following traits were assessed: total number of tillers/plant (TT), reproductive tiller/plant (RT), number of racemes per inflorescence (NRI), reproductive tiller height (RTH), inflorescence rachis length (IRL), number of seeds/inflorescence (NSI), weight of a thousand seeds (WTS) and seed production (SP). Genetic divergence among the genotypes was estimated using the Tocher method and UPGMA clustering, based on the generalized Mahalanobis distance (D2 ii’). The Tocher and UPGMA optimization methods showed high concordance. The traits that most contributed to genetic divergence were RTH (23.59%), IRL (21.63%), WTS (16.67%) and SP (14.23%). The presence of genetic diversity made it possible to identify divergent genotypes and those with high means for the traits studied, allowing the selection of genotypes with significant breeding potential. Repeated cross-breeding of female superior plants with the genotypes Azulão and H20 can result in a high heterosis effect on seed production characteristics.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the variability and expression of the components of seed yield in twenty-three apomictic Paspalum plicatulum × Paspalum lepton hybrids and two male parent plants (P. lepton). We used a randomized block design with genotypes individually arranged into ten blocks. The variables were: number of total tillers/plant, number of vegetative tillers/plant, number of reproductive tillers/plant, percentage of reproductive tillers, number of racemes/inflorescence, number of seeds/inflorescence, weight of a thousand seeds, and seed yield. We assessed genetic variability using multivariate procedures: generalized Mahalanobis distance, Tocher's clustering optimization method, and quantification of the relative contribution of the variables. The quantification of variability, based on the components of seed yield of Paspalum plicatulum × Paspalum lepton hybrids, allows the formation of six groups of genotypes using Tocher's method, with high means for the characteristics studied. Weight of a thousand seeds and number of seeds/inflorescence were the traits that most contributed to the genetic dissimilarity. Genetic crosses involving genotype 10E5052 from group VI and 10E4071 from group V could be undertaken to isolate high yielding segregants, since these genotypes have high seed yielding potential.

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o teste de envelhecimento acelerado, com e sem solução de NaCl, na predição da qualidade fisiológica e sanitária de sementes de cornichão (Lotus corniculatus L.). O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, foram utilizados dez lotes de sementes submetidos a três períodos de condicionamento (24, 48 e 72 h, a 41 ºC). A caracterização fisiológica dos lotes consistiu na determinação do teor de água (antes e depois do envelhecimento acelerado), germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação, emergência de plântulas e teste de sanidade de sementes. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Scott-Knott, a 5% de probabilidade. As metodologias de envelhecimento acelerado com solução salina e solução saturada de NaCl, condicionadas por 48 h, correlacionaram-se com o teste de emergência de plântulas (0,52 e 0,69, respectivamente), permitindo a predição da qualidade fisiológica de sementes de cornichão. A utilização de solução saturada durante 48 h diminui a incidência de fungos. O método tradicional não é recomendado por proporcionar variação do teor de água entre as amostras, superior ao tolerável.

Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the accelerated aging test, with and without NaCl solution, predicting the physiological health and quality of birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) seed. The experimental design was completely randomized. Ten seed lots were submitted to three conditioning periods (24, 48 and 72 h at 41 ºC). The physiological characterization of the lots was the determination of water content (before and after accelerated aging), germination, first germination count, germination speed index, seedling emergence and seed health test. The data were submitted to variance analyze and the averages were compared by the Scott-Knott test, at 5% probability. The accelerated aging methodologies with saline solution and saturated NaCl solution, conditioned for 48 h, were correlated with seedling emergence test (0.52 and 0.69, respectively), allowing the prediction of physiological quality of birdsfoot trefoil seeds. The use of saturated solution for 48 h decreases incidence of fungi. The traditional method is not suitable because it provides water content variation between samples above the tolerable.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the practice of consecutive cuts in the production and quality of Paspalum guenoarum seeds of the "Azulão" ecotype. The experimental design used was in completely randomized blocks with four replications. The treatment included three cuts in succession: zero cut, one cut, two cuts, and three cuts. The variables were: number of total tillers/plant; number of vegetative tillers/plant; number of reproductive tillers/plant; percentage of reproductive tillers; number of racemes/inflorescence; weight of thousand seeds; number of seeds/inflorescence; seed production; forage dry matter; water content of seeds; germination; first germination count; and germination speed index. The largest seed production was obtained with zero cut (850.3, first year and 719.4 kg/ha-1, second year) and one cut (794.4, first year and 627.3 kg/ha-1, second year) with no statistical difference between them. The largest germination percentage was seen with the application of zero (71.0%, first year and 79.3%, second year) and one cut (69.3%, first year and 75.0%, second year). There was a decrease in the production and quality of the seeds of the second cut, especially during the first year of evaluation. The total tillers, the percentage of tillers that went through the reproductive stage, and the number of reproductive tillers are the variables that are most highly correlated with seed production.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to identify the most efficient method for overcoming coat-imposed dormancy and determine the optimal germination temperature for Ornithopus pinnatus seeds. Treatments to overcome dormancy were: intact seeds; immersion in hot water at 60 ºC, followed by soaking in the same water (unheated)/24 h; immersion in hot water at 90 ºC, followed by soaking in the same water (unheated)/24 h; mechanical scarification; chemical scarification, H2SO4/5 min; and chemical scarification, H2SO4/10 min. Percentages were calculated for germinated, abnormal, dormant, and dead seeds. Optimal germination temperatures were calculated using eight constant temperatures (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 °C), with 8 h of light and 16 h of darkness. Germination rate, frequency, and synchronization index of germination were used as parameters to establish optimum temperature for germination. A completely randomized experimental design was used, with twelve repetitions of 100 seeds per treatment. Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance and Tukey's test at a 5% significance level. O. pinnatus seeds exhibit dormancy caused by the seed coat's impermeability to water. Mechanical scarification was efficient in promoting seed germination. The species is stenothermal, meaning it cannot tolerate significant temperature variations. The germination rate of seeds was linearly dependent on temperature. Synchronization of the germination process is greater in the optimum temperature range, established between 15 and 20 °C.

Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito do revestimento de sementes decorrente do aumento da concentração salina, sementes de azevém (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), cultivar "comum", nuas e revestidas, foram expostas a seis concentrações de cloreto de sódio (NaCl): 48, 66, 97, 129 e 145 mM. O material-base empregado no revestimento foi farelo de madeira. Avaliaram-se a emergência de plântulas normais, anormais, sementes dormentes e mortas, o índice de velocidade de emergência, o comprimento da parte aérea e da raiz e o peso fresco da parte aérea das plântulas. A análise dos resultados permitiu concluir que a emergência de sementes nuas e revestidas de azevém-anual decresce com o aumento da salinidade do meio, afetando negativamente o desenvolvimento de plântulas normais. O aumento dos níveis de NaCl faz as sementes entrar em dormência. O revestimento usado nas sementes não é capaz de protegê-las da ação prejudicial da salinidade a partir da concentração de 64 mM de NaCl.

With the objective of evaluating the influence of seed coating on seed germination and seedling development under increased saline concentrations, naked and loose seeds of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), "common" cultivar, were exposed to six NaCl concentrations (0, 48, 66, 97, 129 and 145 mM). The basic material for coating was wood bran. Emergence, abnormal seedlings, dormant seeds and percentages of dead seeds, as well as speed emergence index, length of the aerial part and the root and fresh weight of the aerial part were evaluated. Results showed that emergence of both loose and coated annual ryegrass seeds decreases with increase in substrate salinity, negatively affecting seedling development. Increased NaCl concentration leads to seed dormancy. Seed coating is unable to protect seeds from the deleterious effects of salinity from the 64 mM NaCl concentration.

O objetivo neste trabalho foi determinar as temperaturas mínima, ótima e máxima para a germinação de sementes de Lotus subbiflorus Lag. utilizando-se como parâmetros a porcentagem, a velocidade, a frequência, a entropia informacional de germinação e a entalpia líquida de ativação. O experimento foi realizado em dois lotes com quatro subamostras, cada uma de 100 sementes, e os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância e ao teste de Tukey. Foram utilizadas oito temperaturas constantes (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 e 35 ºC) com a presença de fotoperíodo. Esta espécie germina numa faixa de temperatura com valores mínimos entre 0 e 5ºC, ótimos entre 15 e 20 ºC e máximos entre 30 e 35 ºC. A velocidade de germinação apresentou-se linearmente dependente da temperatura. Os maiores valores de velocidade de germinação, que ocorreram entre 15 ºC e 20 ºC abaixo e acima desta faixa decresceram significativamente. Os menores valores de entropia informacional ocorreram entre 15 e 20 ºC, mostrando maior sincronização do processo germinvatio nessas temperaturas. O ponto mínimo da entalpia foi atingido a 278 K e o máximo, a 303 K e 290,5 K, ponto no qual a curva cruzou o eixo da abscissa

The objective of this research was to determine the minimal, optimal and maximal temperatures for seed germination of Lotus subbiflorus Lag., using germination percentage, speed, frequency, informational entropy and enthalpy of activation of germination. The experiment was carried out in two lots with four replicates of 100 seeds each. The data were submitted to variance analysis and means were compared by Tukey's test. Eight constant temperatures (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 ºC) and light exposition (darkness and 8 h of light plus 16 h of darkness) were used. This species of seed germinates in a temperature range of minimal values between 0 and 5 ºC, optimal values between 15 and 20 ºC and maximal values between 30 and 35 ºC. Germination rate was temperature dependent. The highest values of speed germination, occurring between 15 and 20 ºC below and above this range germination speed had a significant reduction. The lowest values of informational entropy occurred between 15 and 20 ºC, showing a higher synchronization of germination process in these temperatures. The enthalpy value of the system was calculated, reaching its minimum point at 278 K, and its maximum, at 303 K; the point at which the curve crossed the absciss axis was 290.5 K

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a dinâmica do florescimento e o potencial de produção de sementes de Lotus subbiflorus Lag. cv. El Rincón. Por meio de amostragens semanais realizadas entre 13/11/2008 e 4/2/2009, estudaram-se as variáveis número de botões florais, número de inflorescências, número de flores, número de legumes totais, peso de mil sementes e produção de sementes. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos casualizados com os tratamentos arranjados como níveis de um fator experimental, constituído pelas datas após a semeadura. Dessa forma, o experimento foi realizado com dois blocos e doze unidades experimentais por bloco. A produção de sementes de L. subbiflorus no Sul do Brasil tem problemas decorrentes do florescimento contínuo, o que dificulta a colheita. A produção máxima obtida foi de 63,2 kg/ha em janeiro de 2009 (4372 graus-dia). O peso de mil sementes e o número de legumes foram as características que mais se correlacionaram com a produção de sementes. A emissão constante de botões florais contribui negativamente sobre os demais componentes da produção de sementes.

The aim of this work was to evaluate the dynamic of the flowering and the Lotus subbiflorus Lag. Cv. "El Rincón"seed production potential. The variables studied through weekly samples from 11/13/2008 to 02/04/2009 were: number of flower buds, number of inflorescences, number of flowers, number of total legumes, weight of 1000 seeds and seed production. The experimental design used randomized blocks with treatments arranged as levels of an experimental factor, defined by the dates after seeding. The experiment was conducted with two blocks and twelve experimental units per block. Lotus subbiflorus seed production, in the South Brazil, presents problems caused by continuous flowering, difficulting to harvesting. The maximum production obtained was 63.2 kg/ha in January 2009 (4372 degree days). The weight of 1000 seeds and the number of legumes were the characteristics that most related to seed production. The constant emission of flower buds contributes negatively on the other components of seed production.

Objetivou-se com este trabalho, por meio de uma análise de trilha para rendimento de sementes de grama-forquilha (Paspalum notatum Flügge var. notatum), obter informações básicas para utilização em estratégias de manejo para maior produção de sementes e, consequentemente, maior ressemeadura natural, proporcionando, assim, condições para maior persistência da espécie na pastagem. Foram analisadas as seguintes variáveis: número de perfilhos vegetativos, número de perfilhos reprodutivos, número de racemos/inflorescência, número de sementes/inflorescência, peso de mil sementes e rendimento de sementes. A variável que mais se correlacionou com o rendimento de sementes foi o número de perfilhos reprodutivos (r = 0,94), e essa correlação se deu praticamente apenas pelo efeito direto dessa variável. Entre as demais variáveis, destacou-se o número de perfilhos vegetativos, com coeficiente de correlação de -0,83 e efeitos indiretos sobre os demais componentes do rendimento de sementes. O número de perfilhos reprodutivos parece ser a principal característica a ser considerada na busca de maior produção de sementes de Paspalum notatum.

The objective of this work was, through a path analysis of seed yield in Paspalum notatum, to obtain basic information for using in management strategies to improve seed production and consequently, high natural reseeding and a better persistence of the species in the pasture. The following variables were analyzed: number of vegetative tiller, number of reproductive tiller, number of raceme/inflorescence, number of seeds/inflorescence, weight of 1000 seeds and seed yield. The most correlated variable with seed yield was the number of reproductive tiller (r = 0.94), and this occurred because its direct effect. Among the other variables, number of vegetative tiller also had a high correlation coefficient (r = -0.83) and indirect effects on the other components. The number of reproductive tiller seems to be the main characteristic to be considered when searching for a higher seed production in Paspalum notatum.

O objetivo neste trabalho foi estudar os componentes da produção e da produção de sementes de duas espécies de Paspalum. Foram avaliados dois ecótipos de Paspalum notatum (André da Rocha; e Bagual) e dois de Paspalum urvillei (André da Rocha; e Eldorado do Sul). O delineamento experimental foi completamente casualizado, num esquema fatorial (ecótipos x dias após o plantio), com cinco repetições aninhadas dentro dos dias após o plantio. Cada espécie foi analisada separadamente para determinação dos componentes da produção e produção de sementes, realizada por amostragens semanais entre 7/11/2006 e 31/3/2007. Foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: número de perfilhos vegetativos; número de perfilhos reprodutivos/m²; porcentagem de perfilhos férteis; número de racemos/m²; peso de mil sementes; número de sementes/ inflorescência; número de sementes/racemo; e rendimento de sementes/área. A produção de sementes de Paspalum é prejudicada pelo longo período de florescimento e pela capacidade de retenção das sementes na inflorescência. A produção de sementes difere entre ecótipos, uma vez que os valores médios foram de 47,17 kg/ha (Paspalum notatum André da Rocha), 61,01 kg/ha (Paspalum notatum Bagual), 30,60 kg/ha (Paspalum urvillei André da Rocha) e 47,95 kg/ha (Paspalum urvillei Eldorado do Sul). A produção de sementes dessas espécies é altamente influenciada pelo número de perfilhos reprodutivos, pela porcentagem de perfilhos férteis e pelo peso de mil sementes.

The objective of this study was to investigate components of production and seed production of two Paspalum species. It was evaluated two ecotypes of Paspalum notatum and Bagual) and two ecotypes of Paspalm urvillei (André da Rocha and Eldorado do Sul). It was used a complete randomized experimental design, in a factorial scheme (ecotypes x days after planting), with five replicates nested within days after planting. Each species was analyzed separately for determination of the components of production and seed production. The variables were measured weekly from November 7th 2006 to March 31st 2007. The following variables were evaluated: number of vegetative tillers, number of reproductive tillers/m², percentage of fertile tillers, number of racemes/m², weight of 1000 seeds, number of seeds/inflorescence, number of seeds/raceme and seed yield per area. Seed production of Paspalum is negatively affected by the long flowering period and by the capacity of retention by the seeds in the inflorescence. Seed production differs among ecotypes inasmuch as mean values were 47.17 kg/ha (Paspalum notatum André da Rocha), 61.01 kg/ha (Paspalum notatum Bagual), 30.60 kg/ha (Paspalm urvillei André da Rocha) and 47.95 kg/ha (Paspalm urvillei Eldorado do Sul). Seed production of those species is highly affected by the number of reproductive tillers, by the percentage of fertile tillers and by the weight of 1000 seeds.

Adesmia tristis é uma espécie endêmica do sul do Brasil e muito promissora como forrageira em campos de altitude com solos ricos em alumínio e com baixos teores de fósforo. O objetivo neste estudo foi analisar morfo-anatomicamente as sementes de A. tristis para subsidiar a compreensão do fenômeno de dormência nos referidos diásporos. As sementes foram colhidas na região de São Francisco de Paula, RS, no período de dezembro de 2007 a janeiro de 2008, material usado para os estudos dos cortes das sementes. Constatou-se que a espécie possui dormência tegumentar em função da impermeabilidade das camadas de macroesclereídes e osteosclereídes da testa. A estrutura do hilo segue o padrão geral em Faboideae, com arranjo dos traqueoides verticais e as astroesclereídes formando grandes espaços intercelulares, ampliando o grau de adaptação da semente à variação de umidade no ambiente.

Adesmia tristis is a species endemic to South Brazil and very promising as forage in high altitude pastures with soils rich in aluminium and low in phosphorus. The objective of this study was to analyze seed morphology and anatomy to understand dormancy in these diaspores. The seeds were harvested in the São Fransisco de Paula region, RS, Brazil, between December 2007 - January 2008, and this material used to study seed sections. It was found that this species has tegument dormancy due to the impermeability of the macrosclereid and osteosclereid layers of the testa. The hilum structure follows the general pattern in Fabaceae, the tracheid arrangement is vertical, the astroesclereids form large intercelluar spaces, increasing seed adaptation to variations in environmental moisture.

Este trabalho foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar o potencial de produção de sementes de 25 acessos da coleção básica de trevo-branco provenientes do Departamento de Agricultura dos Estados Unidos. Por meio de amostragens semanais realizadas entre 6/11/2003 e 10/3/2004, foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: número de inflorescências/planta, número de flores/inflorescência, número de inflorescências maduras/planta, número de legumes maduros/inflorescência, peso de mil sementes e rendimento de sementes/planta. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o completamente casualizado, com os acessos arranjados individualmente em cinco repetições. O rendimento de sementes em trevo-branco é altamente influenciado pelo número de inflorescências por planta, pelo número de inflorescências maduras por planta e pelo peso de mil sementes. Os acessos 53, 2 e 20 destacam-se pela superioridade em relação aos demais (7, 68, 19, 79, 58, 3, 15, 75, 64, 50, 33, 13, 59, 38, 28, 80, 54, 29, 31, 23, 22, 27, 65 e 73) na produção de sementes. Os acessos 27, 65 e 73 não produzem sementes nas condições locais durante o primeiro ano de avaliação.

This work was carried out to evaluate the potential of seed production of 25 accessions of the basic collection of white clover from the United States Department of Agriculture. Through weekly samplings performed from 11/6th/2003 to 3/10th/04 the following variables were analyzed: number of inflorescence/plant, number of flowers/inflorescence, number of mature inflorescence/plant, number of mature legumes/inflorescence, weight of 1000 seeds, and seed yield/plant. It was used a complete randomized experimental design with the accessions individually arranged in five replications. Seed yield of white clover is highly affected by number of inflorescence/plant, number of mature inflorescence/plant, and weight of 1000 seeds. The 53, 2 and 20 accessions differ from the others because of their superiority (7, 68, 19, 79, 58, 3, 15, 75, 64, 50, 33, 13, 59, 38, 28, 80, 54, 29, 31, 23, 22, 27, 65 and 73) of seed production. The accessions 27, 65 and 73 do not produce seeds in the local conditions during the first year of evaluation.