Nos bairros rurais do Equador, os supermercados ou armazéns em geral possuem uma identidade visual que reflete a idiossincrasia de seus proprietários e competem com os grandes negócios urbanos. Este artigo analisa o desenho de uma identidade visual baseada na filosofia de pequenos comerciantes rurais do bairro rural de Colaya Jurídica em Latacunga. Define os elementos de uma sinalização comercial para pequenas empresas. A abordagem da pesquisa foi qualitativa, com desenho metodológico de estudo de caso, aplicando o método design thinking (Lupton, 2012), e orientada em cinco etapas: empatizar, definir, idealizar, prototipar e avaliar. A seleção do caso foi baseada no consentimento de um comerciante que optou por redesenhar sua identidade empresarial atendendo a uma convocação de participantes interessados ​​em apoiar o empreendedorismo. Os resultados descrevem o processo de reformulação da identidade do pequeno supermercado, detalham os elementos considerados para o estudo, refletem sobre o design da marca visual para lojas populares do setor rural e identificam alguns motivos para o desinteresse pelo criação de letreiros estilizados e falta de design profissional.

En los barrios rurales de Ecuador las tiendas de abarrotes o despensas de ramo general cuentan con una identidad visual propia de la idiosincrasia de sus propietarios y compiten con grandes negocios urbanos. En el presente artículo se analiza el diseño de identidad visual basado en la filosofía de pequeños comerciantes rurales del barrio rural Colaya Jurídica de la ciudad de Latacunga, así como se definen los elementos de un rótulo comercial para pequeños negocios. El enfoque investigativo fue cualitativo, con diseño metodológico de estudio de caso, aplicando el método Design Thinking (Lupton, 2012), orientado a cinco etapas: empatizar, definir, idear, prototipar y evaluar. La selección del caso se sustentó en el consentimiento de una comerciante que optó por el rediseño de identidad de su negocio, en respuesta a una convocatoria para participantes interesados en apoyo a emprendimientos. Como resultados se describe el proceso de rediseño de la identidad del pequeño comercio de venta de víveres, se detallan los elementos considerados para el estudio, se reflexiona sobre el diseño de la marca visual para comercios populares del sector rural y se identificaron algunas razones del desinterés en la creación de rótulos estilizados y la carencia de diseño profesional.

In the rural neighborhoods of Ecuador, grocery stores or general stores have a visual identity that reflects the idiosyncrasy of their owners and compete with large urban businesses. This article analyzes the design of a visual identity based on the philosophy of small rural merchants in the rural neighborhood of Colaya Jurídica in Latacunga. It defines the elements of a commercial sign for small businesses. The research approach was qualitative, with a case study methodological design, applying the design thinking method (Lupton, 2012), and oriented to five stages: empathize, define, devise, prototype, and evaluate. The case selection was based on the consent of a merchant who opted to redesign her business identity in response to a call for participants interested in supporting entrepreneurship. The results describe the process of redesigning the identity of the small grocery store, detail the elements considered for the study, reflect on the design of the visual brand for popular stores in the rural sector, and identify some reasons for the lack of interest in the creation of stylized signs and the lack of professional design.

Resumo A nutrição na criação de coelhos representa cerca de 70% de todos os custos; nesse sentido, a Cratylia argentea é uma excelente alternativa como alimento devido à sua composição bromatológica. Nosso objetivo foi avaliar o valor nutricional de dietas formuladas com folhas secas de C. argentea na alimentação de coelhos em crescimento. Foram utilizados 28 coelhos brancos da raça Nova Zelândia, com 55 dias de idade, de ambos os sexos. Dois tratamentos (n = 14, 7 machos e 7 fêmeas) foram avaliados em delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 2 x 2. A dieta controle (CTRL) foi formulada para atender às exigências nutricionais de coelhos em crescimento, e a dieta teste (DRY) foi obtida substituindo 20% da dieta CTRL por folhas secas de C. argentea. O período experimental compreendeu 11 dias, sendo sete dias de adaptação e quatro dias de coleta total de fezes. O ganho médio diário, o consumo de matéria seca, a conversão alimentar e o peso corporal final não foram afetados pela substituição da dieta CTRL por folhas secas de C. argentea. O coeficiente de digestibilidade da matéria seca apresentou melhores resultados nos coelhos CTRL (Fêmea: 72,19%, Macho: 72,48%). Coelhos alimentados com a dieta CTRL apresentaram maior consumo de proteína bruta do que os alimentados com a dieta DRY, porém esses coelhos tiveram maior excreção e menor retenção de proteína bruta. Conclui-se que Cratylia argentea apresenta valores de 1.400,67 kcal de energia digestível por kg de matéria seca e 3,34% de proteína digestível por kg de matéria seca. 70 custos sentido bromatológica C crescimento Zelândia 5 idade sexos n 14 fêmeas (CTRL DRY (DRY 20 1 fezes diário Fêmea (Fêmea 7219 72 19 72,19% Macho 72,48%. 7248 72,48% . 48 72,48%) Concluise Conclui se 140067 400 67 1.400,6 334 3 34 3,34 721 72,19 724 72,48 4 14006 40 6 1.400, 33 3,3 72,1 72,4 1400 1.400 3, 72, 140 1.40 1.4 1.

Abstract Nutrition in rabbit farming accounts for about 70% of all costs; in this sense, C. argentea is an excellent alternative as a feed, due to its bromatological composition. Our goal is to evaluate the nutritional value of diets formulated with the dried leaves of C. argentea to feed growing rabbits. Twenty-eight white rabbits of the New Zealand breed, 55 days old, of both sexes, were used. Two treatments (n = 14, 7 males, and 7 females) were evaluated in a randomized block experimental design in a 2 x 2 factorial scheme. The control diet (CTRL) was formulated to meet the nutritional requirements of growing rabbits, and the test diet (DRY) was obtained by replacing 20% of the CTRL diet with dried leaves of C. argentea. The experimental period was comprised of 11 days, with seven days of adaptation and four days of total feces collection. The average daily gain, dry matter intake, feed conversion, and final body weight were not affected by replacing the CTRL diet with the dried leaves of C. argentea. The coefficient of dry matter digestibility showed better results in CTRL rabbits (female: 72.19%, male: 72.48%). Rabbits fed with the CTRL diet exhibited a higher consumption of crude protein compared to those fed with the DRY diet, however, these rabbits showed higher elimination and lower retention of crude protein. It is concluded that C. argentea presents values of 1,400.67 kcal per kg of dry matter, digestible energy, and 3.34% digestible protein per kg of dry matter. 70 costs sense C composition Twentyeight Twenty eight breed 5 old sexes used n 14 males females scheme (CTRL (DRY 20 1 collection gain intake conversion female (female 7219 72 19 72.19% male 72.48%. 7248 72.48% . 48 72.48%) however 140067 400 67 1,400.6 energy 334 3 34 3.34 721 72.19 724 72.48 4 14006 40 6 1,400. 33 3.3 72.1 72.4 1400 1,400 3. 72. 140 1,40 1,4 1,

RESUMEN Objetivos. Evaluar la exactitud de gota gruesa (GG) frente a la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) cuantitativa para la malaria asociada al embarazo (MAE). Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de pruebas diagnósticas en nueve bases de datos. Se evaluó la calidad metodológica con QUADAS. Se estimó sensibilidad, especificidad, cociente de probabilidad positivo (CPP) y negativo (CPN), razón de odds diagnóstica (ORD) y área bajo la curva ROC. Se determinó la heterogeneidad con el estadístico Q de Der Simonian-Laird y la incertidumbre con el porcentaje de peso de cada estudio sobre el resultado global. Resultados. Se incluyeron diez estudios con 5691 gestantes, 1415 placentas y 84 neonatos. En los estudios con nPCR (PCR anidada) y qPCR (PCR cuantitativa) como estándar, los resultados de exactitud diagnóstica fueron estadísticamente similares, con sensibilidad muy baja (50 y 54%, respectivamente), alta especificidad (99% en ambos casos), alto CPP y deficiente CPN. Usando nPCR la OR diagnóstica fue 162 (IC95%=66-401) y el área bajo la curva ROC fue 95%, mientras que con qPCR fueron 231 (IC95%=27-1951) y 78%, respectivamente. Conclusiones. Mediante un protocolo exhaustivo se demostró el bajo desarrollo de investigaciones sobre la exactitud diagnóstica de la GG en MAE. Se demostró que la microscopía tiene un desempeño deficiente para el diagnóstico de infecciones asintomáticas o de baja parasitemia, lo que afianza la importancia de implementar otro tipo de técnicas en el seguimiento y control de las infecciones por malaria en las gestantes, con el fin de lograr el control y posible eliminación de la MAE.

ABSTRACT Objective. To evaluate the accuracy of thick smear (TS) versus quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for pregnancy-associated malaria (PAM). Materials and methods. We carried out a systematic review of diagnostic tests in nine databases. Methodological quality was evaluated with QUADAS. Sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and area under the ROC curve were estimated. Heterogeneity was determined with the Der Simonian-Laird Q method and uncertainty with the weighted percentage of each study on the overall result. Results. We included 10 studies with 5691 pregnant women, 1415 placentas and 84 neonates. In the studies with nested PCR (nPCR) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) as the standard, the diagnostic accuracy results were statistically similar, with very low sensitivity (50 and 54%, respectively), high specificity (99% in both cases), high PLR and poor NLR. When nPCR was used, the DOR was 162 (95%CI=66-401) and the area under the ROC curve was 95%, while with qPCR it was 231 (95%CI=27-1951) and 78%, respectively. Conclusions. We demonstrated that research on the diagnostic accuracy of TS in PAM is limited. Microscopy showed poor performance in the diagnosis of asymptomatic or low parasitemia infections, which reinforces the importance of implementing other types of techniques for the follow-up and control of malaria infections in pregnant women, in order to achieve the control and possible elimination of PAM.

ABSTRACT Objective. To evaluate the accuracy of thick smear (TS) versus quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for pregnancy-associated malaria (PAM). Materials and methods. We carried out a systematic review of diagnostic tests in nine databases. Methodological quality was evaluated with QUADAS. Sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and area under the ROC curve were estimated. Heterogeneity was determined with the Der Simonian-Laird Q method and uncertainty with the weighted percentage of each study on the overall result. Results. We included 10 studies with 5691 pregnant women, 1415 placentas and 84 neonates. In the studies with nested PCR (nPCR) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) as the standard, the diagnostic accuracy results were statistically similar, with very low sensitivity (50 and 54%, respectively), high specificity (99% in both cases), high PLR and poor NLR. When nPCR was used, the DOR was 162 (95%CI=66-401) and the area under the ROC curve was 95%, while with qPCR it was 231 (95%CI=27-1951) and 78%, respectively. Conclusions. We demonstrated that research on the diagnostic accuracy of TS in PAM is limited. Microscopy showed poor performance in the diagnosis of asymptomatic or low parasitemia infections, which reinforces the importance of implementing other types of techniques for the follow-up and control of malaria infections in pregnant women, in order to achieve the control and possible elimination of PAM.

RESUMEN Objetivos. Evaluar la exactitud de gota gruesa (GG) frente a la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) cuantitativa para la malaria asociada al embarazo (MAE). Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de pruebas diagnósticas en nueve bases de datos. Se evaluó la calidad metodológica con QUADAS. Se estimó sensibilidad, especificidad, cociente de probabilidad positivo (CPP) y negativo (CPN), razón de odds diagnóstica (ORD) y área bajo la curva ROC. Se determinó la heterogeneidad con el estadístico Q de Der Simonian-Laird y la incertidumbre con el porcentaje de peso de cada estudio sobre el resultado global. Resultados. Se incluyeron diez estudios con 5691 gestantes, 1415 placentas y 84 neonatos. En los estudios con nPCR (PCR anidada) y qPCR (PCR cuantitativa) como estándar, los resultados de exactitud diagnóstica fueron estadísticamente similares, con sensibilidad muy baja (50 y 54%, respectivamente), alta especificidad (99% en ambos casos), alto CPP y deficiente CPN. Usando nPCR la OR diagnóstica fue 162 (IC95%=66-401) y el área bajo la curva ROC fue 95%, mientras que con qPCR fueron 231 (IC95%=27-1951) y 78%, respectivamente. Conclusiones. Mediante un protocolo exhaustivo se demostró el bajo desarrollo de investigaciones sobre la exactitud diagnóstica de la GG en MAE. Se demostró que la microscopía tiene un desempeño deficiente para el diagnóstico de infecciones asintomáticas o de baja parasitemia, lo que afianza la importancia de implementar otro tipo de técnicas en el seguimiento y control de las infecciones por malaria en las gestantes, con el fin de lograr el control y posible eliminación de la MAE.

Abstract Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) is a heterogeneous group of rare, chronic, progressive and systemic inherited disorders resulting from deficiency or lack of lysosomal enzymes responsible for the degradation of glycosaminoglycans. Products of nitrosative stress have been previously detected in blood and urine samples of patients with MPS. However, it is unclear whether they are present in the saliva of MPS patients and also if they correlate with salivary parameters such as flow and pH. This study compared the salivary levels of NOX (NO2- + NO3-), nitrite (NO2-), protein (albumin), erythrocyte and leukocyte numbers, as well as the salivary flow rate and pH values of samples obtained from 10 MPS patients and 10 healthy subjects. MPS patients exhibited higher salivary levels of NOX and NO2- when compared to healthy subjects (p < 0.05). Albumin was only detected in six saliva samples of MPS patients and, erythrocytes and leukocytes were detected in 60% and 40% of the MPS patients, respectively. In addition, salivary flow rate and pH averages were statistically lower in this group when compared to healthy samples (p < 0.05). Overall, the data indicates that the salivary levels of NO products can be used in combination with other heath indicators to monitor MPS disorders.

Abstract The environmental and health risks associated with the application of synthetic chemical inputs in agriculture increased the demand for technologies that allow higher performance and quality of vegetable crops by implementing synergistic materials with the principles of sustainability. In this work, the seed coating with the biomass of Dunaliella salina incorporated in a bioplastic film of Manihot esculenta (cassava) was evaluated as an initial growth and secondary compounds stimulator of Coriandrum sativum (coriander) plants. The obtained results demonstrated that the coating stimulated an increase in the germination percentage (28.75%) and also in concentration of bioactive compounds, such as the six-fold increment of caffeic acid (13.33 mg 100 g-1). The carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins present in the microalgae biomass seem to be responsible for these increments once they are known for providing energy to the seedling development and coordinating the secondary metabolites synthesis. As conclusion, we consider the coating with biomass of D. salina an alternative for crop improvement that contributes to the development of sustainable agricultural practices.

Abstract Background The SARS-COV2 pandemic has deeply affected the availability for training and competing for recreational and professional athletes. However, to date, the disease’s course among the athletic population has not been *studied . Objectives To compare the observed and expected rates of hospitalization for COVID-19 and to establish relationships between demographics and sportive characteristics of an athletic sample, and the COVID-19 infection rate. Material and Methods This study uses cross-sectional data sampling through an online questionnaire to collect data from recreational and professional athletes. Based on self-reports, athletes were grouped in COVID-19 and Non-COVID-19 cases. To decrease detection bias for each four patients who reported being hospitalized, one additional virtual patient was added to the sample. The observed rate of hospitalization (ORH) was compared with age expected rate of hospitalization (ERH) from the literature data. A multivariate model (MM) was developed to establish independent relationships between the prevalence of COVID-19 cases and the variables mentioned above. The statistical significance level was defined for a p-value<0.05. Results Answers from 1,701 individuals were analyzed. The COVID-19 group was comprised of 99 (5.8%) individuals, four of whom reported having been hospitalized. ORH and ERH were respectively of 5.0% and 18.1% (p=0.001). In the MM female gender (OR=2.02, 95% CI 1.28 to 3.19), cycling (OR=2.91, 95% CI 1.58 to 5.39), swimming (OR=2.97, 95% CI 1.14 to 7.74), and triathlon (OR=2.10, 95% CI 1.13 to 3.91) were independently associated with a COVID-19 prevalence. Conclusion Self-reported rates of hospitalization for COVID-19 among athletes were much lower than expected. The prevalence of positive cases of COVID-19 was independently higher for cyclists, triathletes, and swimmers than for runners.

Abstract Introduction The China Health Authority alerted the World Health Organization (WHO) of several cases of pneumonia, and the WHO has declared the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) a global pandemic. Mastoidectomy is a high-risk aerosol generating procedure with the potential to expose the surgeon to infectious particles. Objective Aim to develop a low-cost prototype for a barrier device that can be used during mastoidectomy. Methods Describe the steps involved during otological emergency, requiring immediate surgical procedure, in untested patients. The Otorhinolaryngology Surgical Team of Walter Cantídio Hospital developed the barrier for particle dispersion presented here. Results During surgery, the prototype did not compromise visualization of the surgical field and instrumentation. Microscope repositioning was not compromised or limited by tent Instrumentation and instrument pouch under the Microscope-Tent (MT) performed surgery. After surgery, the plastic sheet was removed simply, without requiring strength. Bone dust and irrigation droplets were collected on the tent. Conclusion Our team developed and practiced, in an otologic emergency, a low-cost and reproducible barrier device that can be used in mastoidectomy in COVID-19 patients. Further tests on efficacy may be necessary.

Abstract INTRODUCTION: We aimed to study intraspecific variation in Triatoma costalimai, a potential vector of Chagas disease present in Brazil and Bolivia. METHODS: We analyzed phenotypic (connexivum color patterns, wing morphometrics) and genetic variation (16S mtDNA) of three Brazilian T. costalimai populations. We compared 16S sequences with those of putative Bolivian T. costalimai and its sister species, T. jatai. RESULTS: Brazilian populations had different connexivum color patterns and forewing shapes. A 16S mtDNA haplotype network showed a clear separation of Brazilian T. costalimai from both T. jatai and Bolivian T. costalimai. CONCLUSIONS: We report considerable variability in T. costalimai populations.

Resumen Objetivo: Describir el perfil de publicaciones en malaria asociada al embarazo en el ámbito mundial, con base en los países, tipos y años de estudio, 1925-2018. Metodología: Revisión sistemática de la literatura, mediante el seguimiento de la guía prisma y garantizando la reproducibilidad del protocolo de selección y extracción de variables. Se aplicaron doce estrategias de búsqueda en PubMed, Science Direct, SciELO y Google Scholar. Se realizó síntesis cualitativa mediante frecuencias para el país, año de estudio y tipología de investigación. Resultados: Se tamizaron 3362 publicaciones, de las cuales 617 cumplieron el protocolo. El 81,5 % fueron de África, 9,9 % de Asia y 5,3 % de América. La mayor proporción de publicaciones fue posterior al 2009. El 65,8 % fueron estudios observacionales; el 22,0 %, ensayos clínicos, y los estudios cualitativos, de evaluación económica o evaluación de programas y políticas, fueron menores al 5 %. No se hallaron estudios de pruebas diagnósticas, evaluación de programas o investigaciones cualitativas en América. Conclusión: El perfil de publicaciones evidencia el predominio de la investigación epidemiológica tradicional-positivista y su concentración en África, lo que implica retos para las agendas sanitarias y de investigación en salud pública, pero con mayor necesidad en América.

Abstract Objective: To describe the profile of publications on pregnancy-associated malaria worldwide, based on countries, types and years of study, 1925-2018. Methodology: Systematic review of the literature, by monitoring the PRISMA guide and guaranteeing the reproducibility of the variable selection and extraction protocol. Twelve search strategies were applied in PubMed, Science Direct, SciELO and Google Scholar. Qualitative synthesis was performed using frequencies for the country, year of study and type of research. Results: 3362 publications were screened, of which 617 complied with the protocol. 81.5% were from Africa, 9.9% from Asia and 5.3% from America. The highest proportion of publications was after 2009. 65.8% were observational studies; 22.0%, clinical trials, while qualitative studies, economic evaluation studies or evaluation studies of programs and policies accounted for less than 5%. No studies of diagnostic tests, evaluation of programs or qualitative research were found in America. Conclusion: The profile of publications shows the predominance of traditional-positivist epidemiological research and its concentration in Africa, which implies challenges for health and research agendas in public health, but with greater need in America.

Resumo Objetivo: Descrever o perfil das publicações sobre malária associada à gravidez no âmbito mundial, com base nos países, tipos e anos de estudo, 1925-2018. Metodologia: Revisão sistemática da literatura através do seguimento da recomendação PRISMA e garantindo a reprodutibilidade do protocolo de seleção e extração de variáveis. Foram aplicadas doce estratégias de busca em PubMed, Science Direct, SciELO e Google Scholar. Foi realizada síntese qualitativa através de frequências para o país, ano do estudo e tipologia de pesquisa. Resultados: Foram escolhidas 3362 publicações, das quais 617 cumpriram o protocolo. Um total de 81,5% foi da África, 9,9% da Ásia e 5,3% da América. O maior número proporcional de publicações foi posterior a 2009. Os estudos observacionais registraram 65,8%; os ensaios clínicos 22,0% e os estudos qualitativos, de avaliação econômica ou avaliação de programas e políticas registrados foram menores a 5%. Não foram encontrados estudos de testes diagnósticos, avaliação de programas ou pesquisas qualitativas na América. Conclusão: O perfil das publicações evidencia a predominância da pesquisa epidemiológica positivista tradicional e sua concentração na África, o que representa desafios para as agendas de saúde e de pesquisa em saúde pública, mas com uma necessidade maior na América.

Resumo A agricultura brasileira cada vez mais se consolida como um dos principais produtores mundiais de alimentos. O grande desafio deste ramo é atender a demanda global que segundo a Food and Agriculture Organization, em 2050 será 60% superior a atual. Tal desafio é agravado pelas mudanças de hábitos alimentares, mudanças climáticas e impactos ambientais. Esta pesquisa utilizou como base a Teoria da Dependência de Recursos, a qual parte do princípio que nenhuma organização é capaz de gerar sozinha todos os tipos de recursos que necessita para a sua sobrevivência e crescimento, e, por isso, depende do seu ambiente externo para a obtenção de recursos que viabilizem seu funcionamento. Dessa forma, buscou-se como objetivo geral discutir a dependência de recursos para pesquisa e inovação na agricultura em cinco Fundações de Pesquisa na região sul do Brasil. O estudo desenvolvido tem caráter descritivo e comparativo, com abordagem qualitativa. Para coleta dos dados, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com os gestores responsáveis pelas cinco Fundações de Pesquisa selecionadas. Os resultados apontaram que, apesar da existência de linhas de financiamento e incentivos fiscais, ainda existe um predomínio de recursos privados na condução de pesquisas para inovação na agricultura. As fundações pesquisadas contam com mantenedores, os quais são responsáveis por prover os recursos não oriundos do setor público ou das receitas orgânicas da entidade.

Abstract Brazilian agriculture is increasingly consolidating as one of the world’s leading food producers. The major challenge of this branch is to meet global demand for food, which, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), will be 60% higher in 2050 than today. This challenge is aggravated by changes in dietary habits, climate change, and environmental impacts. This research was based on the Resource Dependency Theory, which assumes that no organization is capable of generating all the types of resources that it needs for its survival and growth, and therefore depends on its external environment to obtain resources that enable its operation. The general research objective was to discuss the dependence of resources for research and innovation in agriculture in five Research Foundations in the south of Brazil. The study was descriptive and comparative, with a qualitative approach. For data collection, semi-structured interviews were conducted with the managers responsible for the five selected Research Foundations. The results pointed out that, despite the existence of financing lines and fiscal incentives, there is still a predominance of private resources in researching for innovation in agriculture. The researched foundations rely on maintainers, who are responsible for providing resources not coming from the public sector or from the entity’s organic revenues.

Resumen La agricultura brasileña se consolida cada vez más como uno de los principales productores mundiales de alimentos. El gran desafío de este ramo es atender la demanda global que, según la Food and Agriculture Organization, en 2050 será un 60% superior a la actual. Este desafío se ve agravado por los cambios de hábitos alimenticios, cambios climáticos e impactos ambientales. Esta investigación utilizó como base la teoría de la dependencia de recursos, que parte del principio de que ninguna organización es capaz de generar por sí sola todos los tipos de recursos que necesita para su supervivencia y crecimiento y, por eso, depende de su ambiente externo para la obtención de recursos que viabilicen su funcionamiento. De esta forma, se buscó como objetivo general discutir la dependencia de recursos para investigación e innovación en la agricultura en cinco fundaciones de investigación en la región sur de Brasil. El estudio desarrollado tiene carácter descriptivo y comparativo, con abordaje cualitativo. Para la recolección de los datos, se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas con los gestores responsables de las cinco fundaciones de investigación seleccionadas. Los resultados indicaron que, a pesar de la existencia de líneas de financiamiento e incentivos fiscales, todavía existe un predominio de recursos privados en la conducción de investigaciones para innovación en la agricultura. Las fundaciones encuestadas cuentan con patrocinadores, que son responsables de proveer los recursos no oriundos del sector público o de los ingresos orgánicos de la entidad.

ABSTRACT Zika virus (ZIKV) clinical presentation and frequency/duration of shedding need further clarification. Symptomatic ZIKV-infected individuals identified in two hospitals in Sao Paulo State, Brazil, were investigated regarding clinical characteristics, shedding in body fluids, and serodynamics. Ninety-four of 235 symptomatic patients (Site A: 58%; Site B: 16%) had Real-Time PCR-confirmed ZIKV infection; fever, headache and gastrointestinal symptoms were less frequent, and rash was more frequent compared to ZIKV-negative patients. Real-Time PCR in serum had worse performance compared to plasma, while urine had the highest sensitivity. Shedding in genital fluids and saliva was rare. IgM positivity was the highest <14 days after the symptoms onset (86%), decreasing >28 days (24%); IgG positivity increased >14 days (96%) remaining positive in 94% of patients >28 days. ZIKV prevalence varied importantly in two neighboring cities during the same transmission season. Urine Real-Time PCR can improve diagnostic sensitivity; serum testing is less useful. Accurate serological tests are needed to improve diagnosis and surveillance.

Resumo O presente artigo discute o resgate das experiências liminares no cotidiano, entendendo esse tipo de experiência como zona de passagem entre um estado e outro, de acordo com Walter Benjamin. Voltamo-nos a pensar sobre o que resta desses momentos de passagem para o sujeito da multidão, o qualquer um que devém todo mundo, nas palavras de Deleuze e Guattari. Lançamos, a partir disso, a possibilidade de um olhar mais aguçado ao cotidiano e uma forma de pensar que tome como modelo a temporalidade própria do limiar: um pensar devagar e por desvio, envolvido pelo tempo da espera e da infância.

Abstract This article discusses the reclaiming of the threshold experiences in daily life, understanding this kind of experience as a zone of transition between one state and another, according to Walter Benjamin. We turn to think about what is left of those moments of passage for the subject of the crowd, that anybody who becomes everybody, to use the words of Deleuze and Guattari. From that, we consider the possibility of a sharper look at the everyday life and a way of thinking that takes the temporality of the threshold as a model: to think slowly and through detours, a thinking involved by a time of waiting and of childhood.

Resumo O cuidado integrado é um modelo cujo diferencial é a presença de uma coordenação de ações assistências realizadas de forma contínua. Seu objetivo é melhorar a qualidade de vida de uma população, principalmente de idosos e de portadores de doenças crônicas. Há muita discussão a respeito dos resultados desse modelo em função das diferentes práticas encontradas. Este artigo se propõe a demonstrar os resultados de um modelo de cuidado integrado, através de uma coorte retrospectiva, pertencente a uma operadora de saúde da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Neste artigo, os indicadores de desempenho utilizados foram o número de idas a emergência e o número de internações. Foi verificado uma redução em ambos indicadores, contudo há a necessidade de melhorias na metodologia de avaliação para o alcance de resultados mais robustos.

Abstract Integrated care is a model whose differential is the presence of a coordination of actions of health. Its goal is to improve the quality of life of a population, especially the elderly with chronic diseases. There is a many discussion about the results of this model in view of the different practices found. This paper proposes to demonstrate the results of an integrated care model, through a retrospective cohort, belonging to a health care provider in Brasil. The performance indicators used were the number of emergency trips and the number of hospitalizations. There was a reduction in both indicators, however, there is a need for improvements in the evaluation methodology to achieve more robust results.

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar o papel da idade no risco de complicações pós-operatórias de pacientes submetidas à reconstrução mamária unilateral pós-mastectomia, com ênfase na perda total da reconstrução. Métodos: estudo retrospectivo de pacientes submetidas à reconstrução mamária, cujas variáveis incluídas foram: dados oncológicos e da técnica de reconstrução, complicações pós-operatórias, incluindo perda da reconstrução e complicações da ferida operatória. As pacientes foram divididas de acordo com a classificação da Política Nacional do Idoso e Estatuto do Idoso em dois grupos: jovens (idade <60 anos) e idosas (60 anos ou mais). Também foram agrupadas de acordo com a classificação da Organização Mundial da Saúde: jovens (idade <44 anos); meia-idade (idade 45-59 anos); idosas (idade 60-89 anos) e velhice extrema (90 anos ou mais). A classificação do risco cirúrgico da Sociedade Americana de Anestesiologistas foi aplicada para investigar o papel do estado físico pré-operatório como possível preditor de complicações. Resultados: das 560 pacientes operadas, 94 (16,8%) apresentavam 60 anos ou mais. Observou-se taxa de complicações locais de 49,8%, a maioria, limitadas. As incidências de necrose, infecção e deiscência foram de 15,5%, 10,9% e 9,3%, respectivamente. Pacientes com 60 anos ou mais apresentaram chance de complicação 1,606 vezes maior do que as jovens. Quarenta e cinco (8%) pacientes apresentaram perda da reconstrução e não houve diferença estatisticamente significante na média de idade das pacientes que apresentaram ou não esse desfecho (p=0,321). Conclusão: em pacientes selecionadas, a reconstrução mamária pode ser considerada segura; a maioria das complicações documentadas foi limitada e pode ser tratada conservadoramente.

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the role of age in the risk of postoperative complications in patients submitted to unilateral breast reconstruction after mastectomy, with emphasis on total reconstruction loss. Methods: we conducted a retrospective study of patients submitted to breast reconstruction, whose variables included: oncological and reconstruction data, postoperative complications, including loss of reconstruction and complications of surgical wound. We divided the patients into two groups, according to the classification of the Brazilian National Elderly Policy and the Statute of the Elderly: young (age <60 years) and elderly (60 years or more). We also grouped them according to the World Health Organization classification: young people (age <44 years), middle age (45-59 years); elderly (age 60-89 years) and extreme advanced age (90 years or older). We applied the surgical risk classification of the American Society of Anesthesiologists to investigate the role of the preoperative physical state as a possible predictor of complications. Results: of the 560 patients operated on, 94 (16.8%) were 60 years of age or older. We observed a local complication rate of 49.8%, the majority being self-limited. The incidences of necrosis, infection and dehiscence were 15.5%, 10.9% and 9.3%, respectively. Patients older than 60 years presented a chance of complication 1.606 times greater than the younger ones. Forty-five (8%) patients had loss of the reconstruction; there was no statistically significant difference in the mean age of the patients who presented this result or not (p=0.321). Conclusion: in selected patients, breast reconstruction can be considered safe; most documented complications were limited and could be treated conservatively.