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Abstract: Introduction: Acute myocardial infarction has a high prevalence and possibility of death if timely care is not given. It is possible that treatment could be delayed during a health crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the function of the infarction code in the High Specialty Medical Unit of our institution. The medical indicators of acute coronary ischemic syndrome with ST-segment elevation were compared at two times: before the COVID-19 pandemic and during it. Material and methods: An ambispective, analytical, comparative cohort study was conducted, comparing the periods of February-September 2019 and February-September 2020, in the High Specialty Medical Unit, Centro Médico del Bajío number 1, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Leon, Guanajuato, Mexico. All patients older than 18 years with clinical, electrocardiographic, and enzymatic data of acute coronary ischemic syndrome, accepted in the medical network as infarction code registered in the National Registry of Acute Coronary Ischemic Syndromes (RENASCA) electronic case report form were included in the study. Results: The independent samples t-test was used to determine the impact of the infarction code initiative based on the reperfusion therapies performed, the door-to-needle, the door-to-balloon time, and the ischemia time. There was a significant difference in the reperfusion strategy, with greater thrombolysis during the COVID-19 pandemic (57.4% versus 72.6%, odds ratio [OR] 1.97, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.49-0.82, p < 0.001), as well as reperfusion criteria (21.03% versus 35.37%, OR 2.05, 95% CI 0.53-0.80, p < 0.0001). Mortality was not different between the time periods. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic has not impacted operation of the infarction code in the High Specialty Medical Unit Centro Médico del Bajío number 1 because the medical indicators of acute coronary ischemic syndrome with ST-segment elevation did not change.

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https://doi.org/10.35366/107622

Espacio público, la necesidad de la organización vecinal para recuperarlo. El caso de la colonia San Manuel, Puebla, México
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Montes Pesquera, Juan Carlos

; Flores Lucero, María de Lourdes

; Guevara Romero, María Lourdes

Revista Ciudades, Estados y Política

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apr 2022, Volume 9 N. 1 Pages 35 - 51

Abstract: Es En Pt | Text: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Resumen El espacio público es un lugar de encuentro, interacción y cohesión para el desarrollo de diversas actividades de los habitantes. Sin embargo, la desatención y escasez de acciones para su mejoramiento ha conllevado a su deterioro y a su pérdida paulatina. Este es el caso de la colonia San Manuel, ubicada al suroriente de Puebla, México, a través de la cual se muestra cómo las malas condiciones del espacio público no solo han derivado en su cuasi abandono, sino que se ha convertido en un lugar propicio para delinquir. Asimismo, se detectan cuáles son las acciones realizadas por los vecinos organizados para disminuir este problema. La metodología es cualitativa y se implementó a través de cuatro técnicas: revisión documental, entrevistas semidirigidas, reuniones vecinales y recorridos de campo. Entre los resultados destacan que recuperar el espacio público puede mutar positivamente un espacio que no se utiliza y evita el riesgo de que se convirtiera en un escenario apto para delinquir. Por esto es necesaria y urgente la acción conjunta vecinal sin desresponsabilizar a los gobiernos locales. Sin embargo, el proceso puede aletargarse cuando la organización es débil, desarticulada y con poca comunicación con el sector público, por lo que es necesario establecer estrategias de comunicación para mejorar la organización. Para ello las instituciones de educación superior pueden ayudar a detonar acciones de trabajo colaborativo entre los sectores público y social.

Abstract The public space is a meeting, interaction, and cohesion place to develop various activities of the inhabitants. However, the lack of attention and lack of actions for its improvement have led to its deterioration, and its gradual loss. The case of the San Manuel neighborhood, located southeast of Puebla, Mexico, demonstrates how poor conditions of the public space have led not only to its near abandonment but have also become a propitious place to commit crimes. Likewise, the actions carried out by organized neighbors to reduce this problem are detected. The qualitative methodology used four techniques: documentary review, semi-directed interviews, neighborhood meetings, and field trips. Among the results, they emphasize that restoring public space can positively affect its use and avoid the risk of it becoming a setting suitable for committing crimes. For this reason, joint neighborhood action is necessary and urgent without taking responsibility away from local governments. However, this process can be slowed down if the organization is weak, disjointed, or has poor communication with the public sector. Communication strategies need to be established to improve the organization. To this end, higher education institutions can help trigger collaborative work actions between the public and social sectors.

Resumo O espaço público é um lugar de encontro, interação e coesão para os moradores desenvolverem diversas atividades. Contudo, a falta de atenção e a escassez de ações para melhorá-lo têm levado a sua deterioração e a sua perda paulatina. Este é o caso da colônia San Manuel, localizada no sudeste de Puebla, México, por meio da qual é mostrado como as más condições do espaço público não somente resultam em seu quase abandono, mas também que ele se torna um lugar propício para a delinquência. Além disso, são detectadas ações realizadas pelos moradores organizados para diminuir esse problema. A metodologia é qualitativa e foram utilizadas quatro técnicas: revisão documental, entrevistas semidirecionadas, reuniões com os moradores e percorridos de campo. Entre os resultados, destacam que recuperar o espaço público pode modificar positivamente um espaço que não é utilizado e evitar o risco de que se converta num cenário apto para delinquir. Por isso, é necessária e urgente a ação conjunta dos moradores sem tirar a responsabilidade dos governos locais. Contudo, o processo pode debilitar-se quando a organização é fraca, desarticulada e com pouca comunicação com o setor público; portanto, é preciso estabelecer estratégias de comunicação para melhorar a organização. Para isso, as instituições de ensino superior podem ajudar a promover ações de trabalho colaborativo entre os setores público e social.

Assessment of the trophic status in a tropical estuarine system
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Silva, Brenno Januario da

; Lima, Cinthya Arruda de

; Melo, Paulo Wanderley de

; Malinconico, Nicole

; Gaspar, Felipe Lima

; Araújo, Maria Elisabeth de

; Montes, Manuel de Jesus Flores

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2022, Volume 70 elocation e22030

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Estuaries are extremely valuable ecosystems and have been affected by several anthropogenic activities from urban growth and industrial development, such as the release of untreated efuents which decrease water quality. This study aimed to evaluate the seasonal and temporal trophic status variation in the Formoso River Estuarine System (FRES), a tropical estuary. Three campaigns were carried out in each season (rainy and dry), during which surface water was sampled for abiotic parameter analyses. The TRIX index was used for trophic status assessment. For the temporal evaluation, a review of literature addressing the matter in the study area was conducted. Between 2017 and 2018, the TRIX index varied from a mean of 6 ± 0.2 upstream to 5 ± 0.4 downstream during the rainy season, indicating eutrophic conditions throughout most of the FRES extension, especially near the Formoso River, and from 6 ± 1 to 3 ± 0.8 during the dry season. Temporal analyses showed that in 2002 the overall mean TRIX index was 5.72 ± 0.4, decreasing in 2005 and 2014, and followed by an upwards trend. We conclude that the FRES is impacted by the release of untreated efuents such as sewage and fertilizers from the city of Rio Formoso and from various agricultural activities, which are more intense during the rainy season. Nevertheless, over time there were more critical scenarios pertaining to the trophic status. The present diagnosis reinforces the importance of public sanitation policies in estuarine regions and spatial planning instruments for pollution control in fishery areas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824070.21051bjds

Influence of abiotic factors on phytoplankton diversity and distribution in an atoll environment
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Jales, Marina C.

; Feitosa, Fernando A. N.

; Koening, Maria Luise

; Montes, Manuel De Jesus Flores

; Pedrosa, Vanessa B.

Acta Botanica Brasilica

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dec 2021, Volume 35 N. 4 Pages 503 - 516

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Taxonomic investigations of phytoplankton community structure are very important for understanding the dynamics of these organisms in places like reefs, which present broad hydro-biological variation. This study aimed to determine and investigate phytoplankton community composition and biomass in natural pools of Atol das Rocas (3°51’ S; 33°49’ W), and to evaluate the possible influences of abiotic variables throughout different seasons. The oceanographic parameters used to assess the phytoplankton community and its biomass were chlorophyll a, salinity, water temperature, dissolved oxygen and dissolved inorganic nutrient content, namely ammonia, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate and silica. A total of 109 species were identified, distributed among four groups: Ochrophyta (52.3 %), Dinophyta (37.6 %), Cyanobacteria (7.33 %) and Haptophyta (2.75 %). Although none of the hydrological parameters were found to be statistically determinant, phytoplankton composition in all the studied pools was primarily associated with nutrient salts and there was a qualitative and quantitative increase in phytoplankton in the rainy season. This increase was due to the positive relationship between phytoplankton composition and nutrient salts when associated with local hydrodynamics, which provides more favorable conditions for the enrichment of diversity with emphasis on species that compose the benthic microflora.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-33062020abb0269

Morphological abnormalities in Acartia lilljeborgii Giesbrecht (1889) (Copepoda, Calanoida) in a tropical estuary under industrial development
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MELO, PEDRO A.M. DE CASTRO

; NEUMANN-LEITÃO, SIGRID

; ZANARDI-LAMARDO, ELIETE

; FLORES-MONTES, MANUEL J.

; DE MELO JÚNIOR, MAURO

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 N. 2 elocation e20190231

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Morphological abnormalities in crustaceans have been registered and several are attributed to pollution and others anthropogenic activities. This study reports for the first time a temporal record of the amount and variety of morphological abnormalities in Acartia lilljeborgii, in an impacted neotropical estuary. The specimens were obtained from Suape port area, Northeast Brazil, between May 2009 and September 2010 using a 300 µm plankton net. Seven types of abnormalities were observed in one of the terminal spines of the prosome, but no temporal variation of abnormalities was found in our study. The deformities were registered in 85.7% of samples and they were found in up to 10% of the individuals (3.2 ± 2.9%). The proportion of females with abnormalities was greater than for males, in opposite to most previous reports. Due to its high distribution and abundance in part of the neotropical Atlantic coastal area, A. lilljeborgii has the potential to be used as a bioindicator of environmental conditions, although the reasons of the abnormality occurrences should be accurately investigated.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120190231 338 downloads

Diagnóstico y tratamiento de la retinopatía diabética y edema macular diabético: guía de práctica clínica del Seguro Social de Salud del Perú (EsSalud)
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Cáceres-del-Carpio, Javier Héctor

; Cañote Flores, Renzo

; Montes-Alvis, José

; Pacheco-Barrios, Kevin

; Quiroz-Cerna, Doris

; Luján-Donayre, Vanesa Cinthia

; Reátegui-Escalante, Guillermo

; Escobedo-Arriola, Robinson Richard

; García-Rodríguez, Pedro Manuel

; Chacón-Rosello, Enrique

; Chahua-Torres, J. Yolanda

; Honorio-Morales, Harvy Alberto

; Touzett-Valera, Antonio Martín

; Shimabuku-Ysa, Héctor Eduardo

; Chávez-Rimache, Lesly

; Taype-Rondan, Alvaro

; Timaná-Ruiz, Raúl

Anales de la Facultad de Medicina

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mar 2020, Volume 81 N. 1 Pages 113 - 122

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Introduction. This article summarizes the clinical practice guidelines (CPG) for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema of the Health Social Security of Peru (EsSalud). Objective. To provide clinical recommendations based on evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema in EsSalud. Methods. A guidelines elaborating group (GEG) was conformed by medical specialists and methodologists. The GEG formulated 4 clinical questions intended to be answered by this CPG. For each of these questions systematic searches of systematic reviews and primary studies (when considered pertinent) were carried out in PubMed during 2018. Evidence was selected in order to reply each of the proposed clinical questions. The certainty of the evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology. During periodic working meetings, the GEG used the GRADE methodology to review the evidence and formulate the recommendations, points of good clinical practice and the management flowchart. Results. The present CPG addressed 4 clinical questions of four topics: screening, diagnosis, treatment of choice and adjuvant treatment. Based on these questions, 6 recommendations (4 strong and 2 conditional), 19 points of good clinical practice, and 1 management flowchart were formulated. Conclusion. This article summarizes the methodology and conclusions based on evidence from the CPG for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema in EsSalud.

RESUMEN Introducción. El presente artículo resume la guía de práctica clínica (GPC) para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la retinopatía diabética y el edema macular diabético en el Seguro Social de Salud del Perú (EsSalud). Objetivo. Proveer recomendaciones clínicas basadas en evidencia para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la retinopatía diabética y el edema macular diabético en EsSalud. Métodos. Se conformó un grupo elaborador de la guía (GEG) que incluyó médicos especialistas y metodólogos. El GEG formuló 4 preguntas clínicas a ser respondidas por la presente GPC. Para cada una de estas preguntas se realizó búsquedas de revisiones sistemáticas y de estudios primarios (cuando se consideró pertinente) en PubMed durante el 2018. Se seleccionó la evidencia para responder cada una de las preguntas clínicas planteadas. La certeza de la evidencia fue evaluada usando la metodología Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). En reuniones de trabajo periódicas, el GEG usó la metodología GRADE para revisar la evidencia y formular las recomendaciones, los puntos de buena práctica clínica y el flujograma de manejo. Resultados. La presente GPC abordó 4 preguntas clínicas sobre el tamizaje, diagnóstico, tratamiento de elección y tratamiento adyuvante. En base a estas preguntas se formularon 6 recomendaciones (4 fuertes y 2 condicionales), 19 puntos de buena práctica clínica y 1 flujograma de manejo. Conclusión. El presente artículo resume la metodología y las conclusiones basadas en evidencias de la GPC para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la retinopatía diabética y el edema macular diabético en EsSalud.

https://doi.org/10.15381/anales.v81i1.17792

Propiedades tecnológicas y fisicoquímicas de la leche y características fisicoquímicas del queso Oaxaca tradicional
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Montes de Oca-Flores, Eric

; Espinoza-Ortega, Angélica

; Arriaga-Jordán, Carlos Manuel

Revista mexicana de ciencias pecuarias

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jun 2019, Volume 10 N. 2 Pages 367 - 378

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: Milk technological and physicochemical characteristics are vital to cheese yield and quality, but can vary in response to factors such as season. An evaluation was done of milk technological and physicochemical characteristics in the dry and rainy seasons, and their effects on the physicochemical characteristics of traditional Oaxaca cheese. Milk and cheese samples were collected from 21 different small-scale processing plants. Milk samples were analyzed for fat and protein content, acidity level, coagulation time, curd firmness and yield. Cheese samples were analyzed for fat and protein content, acidity level, moisture content and chlorides level. A one-way ANOVA was used to evaluate inter-seasonal changes. Differences by season were observed in milk fat and protein contents, acidity level, coagulation time, curd firmness and yield. In the cheese inter-seasonal differences were present in fat content, acidity level and moisture content. Season clearly affected milk physicochemical and technological characteristics, and consequently cheese composition.

Resumen: Los parámetros tecnológicos de la leche (características tecnológicas y fisicoquímicas) son de gran importancia porque influyen en el rendimiento y calidad del queso. Se sabe que los parámetros en leche varían dependiendo de la época del año, pero no se ha estudiado su efecto en queso en sistemas tradicionales. El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar las características tecnológicas y fisicoquímicas de la leche, así como las fisicoquímicas del queso Oaxaca tradicional en época de secas y lluvias. Muestras de leche y queso se tomaron de 21 diferentes queserías a pequeña escala. En leche se analizó porcentaje de grasa (G), proteína (P) y acidez, tiempo de coagulación (TC), firmeza de la cuajada (FC) y rendimiento (RTO). En queso se analizó G, P, acidez, humedad y cloruros. Se utilizó un ANOVA de un factor (P<0.05), para evaluar las variaciones por estación. Se observaron diferencias significativas por época en G, P y acidez, además del TC, FC y RTO en leche; y G, acidez y humedad en queso. Los resultados del estudio muestran que las diferencias en las características fisicoquímicas y tecnológicas de la leche por época del año, se ven reflejadas en la composición del queso.

https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v10i2.4291 6101 downloads

Trophic dynamics (Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen-DIN and Dissolved Inorganic Phosphorus-DIP) in tropical urban estuarine systems during periods of high and low river discharge rates
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NORIEGA, CARLOS

; ARAUJO, MOACYR

; FLORES-MONTES, MANUEL

; ARAUJO, JULIA

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2019, Volume 91 N. 2 elocation e20180244

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract: This paper focused on the use of the biogeochemical LOICZ (Land Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone) to investigate the dynamics of DIN and DIP nutrients among three highly urbanized tropical estuaries (Barra das Jangadas (BJ), Recife (RE) and Timbó (TB)), located in the northeastern region of Brazil. The input data were obtained through in situ measurements (2007) and governmental agency databases (2001-2007). The balances of the non-conservative elements showed that the RE and TB systems alternated between sources and sinks during the observation periods (0.2-0.8 mmoles DIP m-2 d-1 and 0.1-10 mmoles DIN m-2 d-1). The metabolism rates in the systems indicated that the BJ system was autotrophic during the two observation periods (10-26 mmoles C m-2 d-1), while the RE system was heterotrophic (9-12 mmoles C m-2 d-1). The river discharge rates observed during the period 2001-2007 showed averages ranging from 9.4±3.8 to 18.4±7.7 m3s-1. Measurements of the trophic status in the RE system during 2007 characterized the system as eutrophic, thereby demonstrating high levels of chlorophyll-a and inorganic nutrients. The applications of balance sheets modeling proved to be very useful toward understanding the dynamics of estuarine systems dominated by large urban centers.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201920180244 1257 downloads

Small-scale distribution of the mesozooplankton in a tropical insular system
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Campelo, Renata Polyana de Santana

; Diaz, Xiomara Franchesca Garcia

; Santos, Gleice

; Melo, Pedro Augusto Mendes de Castro

; de Melo Junior, Mauro

; Figueiredo, Lucas Guedes Pereira

; Silva, Andrea Pinto

; Bezerra, Luis Ernesto Arruda

; Montes, Manuel de Jesus Flores

; Neumann-Leitão, Sigrid

Brazilian Journal of Oceanography

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mar 2018, Volume 66 N. 1 Pages 15 - 29

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Neste presente trabalho, são apresentadas as flutuações espacial e sazonal da abundância e diversidade do mesozooplâncton, com especial atenção para assembleia de copépodes da área costeira do Arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha (AFN) (3°50'24''S and 32°24'48''W). A amostragem foi realizada durante as estações seca e chuvosa de dois anos consecutivos (julho e dezembro de 2013) e (junho e novembro de 2014). Um total de 37 taxa do mesozooplâncton foram registrados, sendo os copépodes o grupo mais diversificado (15 taxa). A Subclasse Copepoda dominou em ambos os períodos amostrados, com valores de abundância relativa equivalentes a 53% e 86%, respectivamente, nas estações seca e chuvosa. As espécies consideradas abundantes foram: Calanopia americana, Undinula vulgaris, Oithona plumifera e Corycaeus speciosus. A estação chuvosa favoreceu um aumento significativo na abundância do mesozooplâncton e copépodes. No entanto, um baixo valor do índice de diversidade de Shannon-Wiener foi observado para este mesmo período sazonal. Isso foi explicado pelo domínio das espécies C. americana e U. vulgaris na área estudada. Diferença espacial não foi verificada. A assembleia de copépodes apresentou um maior número de espécies consideradas carnívoro-predador de grande importância na teia trófica pelágica, indicadoras de condições oligotróficas e componente de grande porção dos itens alimentares dos peixes. Assim, sugerimos que a área costeira do Arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha é caracterizada por uma comunidade do mesozooplâncton espacialmente homogênea, onde as mudanças observadas estão principalmente relacionadas ao fator sazonal.

Abstract In the present work, spatial and seasonal fluctuations of the abundance and diversity of mesozooplankton are presented, with special attention being given to copepod assemblages from coastal area of the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago (FNA) (3°50'24''S and 32°24'48''W). Sampling was carried out during the dry and rainy seasons of two consecutive years (July and December 2013) and (June and November 2014). A total of 37 mesozooplankton taxa were recorded, being the copepods the most diversified group (15 taxa). The Subclass Copepoda dominated in both periods sampled, comprising 53% and 86% of the total abundance in the dry and rainy season respectively. The species considered abundant were: Calanopia americana, Undinula vulgaris, Oithona plumifera and Corycaeus speciosus. The rainy season favored a significant increase in the abundance of mesozooplankton and copepods. However, a low value of the Shannon-Wiener diversity index was observed in this same seasonal period. This was explained by the dominance of the species C. americana and U. vulgaris in the studied area. Spatial differences have not been verified. The copepod assemblages was composed mostly by species considered as predator-carnivours of greater importance on the pelagic trophic web, indicators of oligotrophic conditions and components of a major portion of fish food items. Thus, we suggest that a spatially homogeneous mesozooplankton community characterizes the coastal area of Fernando de Noronha Archipelago with variations related mainly to the seasonal factor.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1679-87592018147306601 1243 downloads

10.

Alkalinity, inorganic carbon and CO2 flux variability during extreme rainfall years (2010-2011) in two polluted tropical estuaries NE Brazil
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Gaspar, Felipe Lima

; Pinheiro, Barbara Ramos

; Noriega, Carlos Esteban Delgado

; Araujo, Moacyr

; Lefèvre, Nathalie

; Montes, Manuel de Jesus Flores

Brazilian Journal of Oceanography

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mar 2018, Volume 66 N. 1 Pages 115 - 130

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A suscetibilidade dos ambientes costeiros às mudanças nos ciclos biogeoquímicos do carbono e nutrientes impulsionados pela pressão antrópica e mudanças climáticas é um verdadeiro desafio para a comunidade científica. Este artigo avaliou os efeitos de um evento de precipitação extrema sobre os parâmetros de oxigênio, nutrientes e do sistema carbonato em dois estuários tropicais poluídos. As amostras de água superficial foram retiradas sazonalmente ao longo de um gradiente de salinidade nos estuários do Capibaribe e Barra de Jangadas, a fim de investigar a variabilidade espacial e sazonal dos nutrientes dissolvidos, clorofila-a, oxigênio dissolvido, alcalinidade total, carbono inorgânico, pressão parcial de CO2 (pCO2) e fluxos de CO2. O aumento da influência ribeirinha causada pelas inundações fluviais durante a estação de precipitação extrema aumentou as concentrações de nitrogênio nas plumas dos estuários, que também apresentaram valores reduzidos de salinidade, alcalinidade e oxigênio dissolvido. Na pluma do Capibaribe o valor médio de fluxo de CO2 também mudou, passou de - 4,01 mmolC m-2 d-1 durante a estação seca, para um fluxo médio positivo de + 5,7 mmolC m-2 d-1 durante a estação chuvosa. Dentro dos estuários, os valores de BOD5,20 e fosfato dissolvido foram maiores durante a estação seca (p<0,0001) e apresentaram correlação positiva com os blooms fitoplanctônicos que atingiram um valor de chl-a de 85 mg m-3 no Capibaribe. A alta alcalinidade encontrada em ambos os estuários, com valores médios entre estações seca e chuvosa, respectivamente, de 1808 a 1373 µmol kg-1 no estuário Capibaribe e 1616 a 1058 µmol kg-1 no estuário Barra de Jangadas, pode atuar como um amortecedor para o processo de acidificação costeira devido à eutrofização. O aumento da descarga dos rios levou a um maior transporte de matéria orgânica e nutrientes para o litoral, diminuindo a disponibilidade de oxigênio e deslocando o estado metabólico da pluma estuarina para heterotrófico, enquanto aumentou a qualidade da água dentro dos estuários devido ao aumento de descarga promovido pela precipitação extrema.

Abstract The susceptibility of coastal environments to shifts in the biogeochemical cycles of carbon and nutrients driven by anthropogenic pressure and climate change is a real challenge for the scientific community. This paper evaluated the effects of an extreme rainfall event over the nutrients and carbonate parameters in two polluted tropical estuaries. Surface water samples were taken seasonally along a salinity gradient in the Capibaribe and Barra de Jangadas estuaries in order to investigate the spatial and seasonal variability of dissolved nutrients, chlorophyll-a, dissolved oxygen, total alkalinity, inorganic carbon, partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) and CO2 fluxes. The increased riverine influence caused by the fluvial flooding during the extremely rainy season augmented the nitrogen concentrations in the plumes, which also presented reduced salinity, alkalinity and dissolved oxygen values. In the Capibaribe plume it has also shifted the mean CO2 flux value of - 4.01 mmolC m-2 d-1 during the dry season, to a positive mean flux of + 5.7 mmolC m-2 d-1 during the rainy season. Within the estuaries the BOD5,20 and dissolved phosphorus values were higher during the dry season (p<0.0001), they showed positive correlation with the phytoplanktonic blooms that reached a chl-a value of 85 mg m-3 in the Capibaribe. The high alkalinity found in both estuaries, with mean values between dry and wet seasons respectively from 1808 to 1373 µmol kg-1 in the Capibaribe estuary and 1616 to 1058 µmol kg-1 in Barra de Jangadas estuary, may act as a buffer to the process of coastal acidification due to eutrophication. The increased rivers discharge lead to a greater transport of organic matter and nutrients to the coast, decreasing the oxygen availability and shifting the metabolic status of the estuarine plume to heterotrophic, whereas increased the water quality within the estuaries due the flushing promoted by the extreme rainfall event.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1679-87592018149406601 1558 downloads

11.

Influence of fluvial discharge on the dynamics of Chlorophyll-α in the continental shelf adjacent to the Recife Port Basin (Pernambuco-Brazil)
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Otsuka, Amanda Yumi

; Feitosa, Fernando Antônio do Nascimento

; Montes, Manuel de Jesus Flores

; Silva, Alex Costa da

Brazilian Journal of Oceanography

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mar 2018, Volume 66 N. 1 Pages 91 - 103

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido na zona costeira do estado de Pernambuco adjacente a área portuária do Recife, correspondente à plataforma. Apresentou como objetivo analisar a dinâmica da clorofila-a e variáveis ambientais. As coletas foram realizadas bimestralmente, na superfície, de maio/10 a setembro/11 englobando os períodos chuvoso e estiagem, durante a baixa-mar e em maré de sizígia. Os parâmetros analisados foram clorofila-a, salinidade, temperatura, transparência, oxigênio dissolvido, taxa de saturação do oxigênio, pH, material em suspensão e nutrientes inorgânicos dissolvidos. A biomassa fitoplanctônica variou entre 13,48 e 145,09 mg m-3 na área estuarina e na plataforma a variação foi de 0,24 a 19,29 mg m-3 no período de estiagem e 0,78 a 5,20 mg m-3 no período chuvoso. A ACP evidenciou uma relação direta da clorofila-a com N-amoniacal, fosfato e transparência e inversa com o material particulado em suspensão e nitrato. A biomassa não apresentou diferença significativa para sazonal e espacialidade. O estuário do rio Capibaribe é considerado altamente impactado, e ao formar a bacia portuária do Recife, este se soma a mais dois corpos d'água fortemente eutrofizados, o rio Beberibe e a Bacia do Pina, fazendo com que a influência na plataforma adjacente seja ampliada. Em termos de dispersão de pluma dos rios no porto do Recife, a presença do dique provoca uma certa perturbação no sentido da corrente, limitando esta pluma para a parte mais costeira e influencia as variáveis oceanográficas na plataforma interna.

Abstract This study was undertaken in the coastal zone of the state of Pernambuco adjacent to the Recife port area, which corresponds to the inner shelf. This research aimed to analyze the dynamics of chlorophyll-a and several other environmental variables. Sampling was undertaken bimonthly on the surface from September 11th to May 10th, thus including the rainy and dry periods, and during low tide in spring tide. The parameters analyzed were chlorophyll-a, salinity, temperature, transparency, dissolved oxygen, oxygen saturation rate, pH, suspended solids, dissolved inorganic nutrients. Phytoplankton biomass ranged from 13.48 to 145.09 mg m-3 in the estuarine area and on the inner shelf, the variation being from 0.24 to 19.29 mg m-3 in the dry season and from 0.78 to 5.20 mg m-3 in the rainy season. PCA showed a direct relationship of chlorophyll-a with ammonia, phosphate and transparency and an inverse relationship with suspended particulate matter and nitrate. Biomass did not vary significantly different as a result of seasonal or spatial dynamics. The estuary of the Capibaribe River is considered highly impacted, and as it forms the Recife port basin, it joins with two more strongly eutrophic water bodies, the Beberibe River and the Pina Basin, leading to an amplification of its influence on the adjacent shelf. In terms of the river plume's dispersion in the Port of Recife, the presence of a dike causes some disturbance in the direction of the current, limiting the plume to the area close to the coast and influences the oceanographic variables on the inner continental shelf.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1679-87592018149106601 999 downloads

12.

Spatio-temporal variation of planktonic decapods along the leeward coast of the Fernando de Noronha archipelago, Brazil
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Santana, Claudeilton Severino de

; Schwamborn, Ralf

; Neumann-Leitão, Sigrid

; Montes, Manuel de Jesus Flores

; Lira, Simone Maria de Albuquerque

Brazilian Journal of Oceanography

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mar 2018, Volume 66 N. 1 Pages 1 - 14

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Ambientes insulares tropicais são considerados verdadeiros hostspots devido a sua alta diversidade, endemismo e importância ecológica. Contudo, ainda são poucos os trabalhos que abordam a composição e ecologia de decápodes planctônicos nesses ambientes. Para determinar a composição, abundância e distribuição espaço-temporal dos decápodes planctônicos, as amostras de zooplâncton foram coletadas por meio de arrastos subsuperficiais em rede cônico-cilíndrica com 300 µm de abertura de malha. A amostragem foi realizada em cinco estações na área costeira a sotavento do Arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha, em julho e dezembro de 2013 e junho e novembro de 2014. Foram registrados 22 táxons de Decapoda, dos quais Brachyura (zoea); Clibanarius sp.; Caridea e Callianassidae foram os grupos mais abundantes. Foram observadas tendências de distribuição anual e temporal para as larvas de Clibanarius sp. e Callianassidae, respectivamente. Alguns táxons apresentaram diferenças entres as estações de amostragem. De forma geral, as maiores densidades larvais foram observadas nas estações ao sul da ilha (Baía dos Golfinhos e Cacimba do Padre) em relação aos menores valores registrados para a estação mais ao norte (Porto de Santo Antônio), indicando a existência de uma possível retenção larval à jusante, na zona costeira interna desse ecossistema insular oceânico.

Abstract Tropical island environments are considered hotspots due to their high diversity, endemism and ecological importance. However, reports that discuss the composition and ecology of planktonic decapods in these environments are still very few. In order to ascertain the composition, abundance and spatial-temporal distribution of planktonic decapods, zooplankton samples were taken by means of sub-surface hauls with a standard plankton net of 300 µm mesh size. Sampling was carried out at five stations in the nearshore leeward area of the Fernando de Noronha archipelago, in July and December 2013 and June and November 2014. A total of 22 decapod taxa were recorded, among which the most abundant were Brachyura (zoeae), Clibanarius sp., Caridea and Callianassidae. Characteristic annual distribution and temporal tendencies were observed for the larvae of the hermit crab Clibanarius sp. and for the larvae of burrowing shrimps (Callianassidae). Some taxa showed differences between sampling stations. In general, higher abundances were observed in the southern (downstream) stations of the island (Baía dos Golfinhos and Cacimba do Padre), and lower abundances in the northernmost (upstream) station (Porto de Santo Antônio), indicating the existence of larval retention in the nearshore coastal zone of this oceanic island ecosystem.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1679-87592018147206601 1518 downloads

13.

Spatial sedimentary distribution, seasonality and the characteristics of organic matter on Fernando de Noronha insular shelf
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Barcellos, Roberto Lima

; Oliveira, Liza Ellen Eurico de

; Flores-Montes, Manuel de Jesus

Brazilian Journal of Oceanography

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mar 2018, Volume 66 N. 1 Pages 131 - 156

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O presente estudo, realizado no arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha (4ºS/32ºW), teve como objetivo a avaliação da distribuição espacial e variações sazonais dos sedimentos e matéria orgânica sedimentar da plataforma insular norte de Fernando de Noronha ("Mar de Dentro"). Ao todo, 19 amostras de sedimentos foram coletadas entre dezembro de 2013, julho de 2014 e novembro de 2014. Os métodos analisados foram a granulometria, análise da fração arenosa, morfoscopia, teores de matéria orgânica total, carbonato de cálcio, carbono orgânico, nitrogênio total, fósforo sedimentar (orgânico, inorgânico e total), razões elementares (C/N e C/P) e razões isotópicas estáveis (δ13C e δ15N). Os resultados obtidos permitiram inferir que não há variação sazonal na distribuição sedimentar. Visto que os sedimentos da plataforma apresentam uma cobertura sedimentar carbonática (CaCO3≈ 88,3%), predominantemente de areias finas bem selecionadas, com baixos conteúdos orgânicos (MOT<2,87%, COT<4,29%, PT<0,44µmol/g) de origem marinha (δ13C≈ -22,17%PDB) em todos os períodos. Como conclusão, observou-se que ocorre uma mudança espacial, onde a parte SW é mais cascalhosa e a porção NE composta por areia fina, condicionada pela morfologia de fundo, fontes de sedimentos e ação das ondas. A geoquímica evidenciou algumas estações mais enriquecidas, com matéria orgânica (COT>3,0%; NT>0,4%) de origem mista (δ13C= -24,5 a -23,0%PDB), que foram associadas aos inputs antrópicos e aos processos bióticos e abióticos locais.

Abstract The present study was conducted in the Fernando de Noronha archipelago (4°S/32°W). The objective is the evaluation of the spatial distribution and seasonal variations in the sediments and sedimentary organic matter in the northern insular shelf of Fernando de Noronha ("Mar de Dentro"). Nineteen surface sediment samples were collected between December 2013, July 2014 and November 2014. The studied methods included analysis of the grain size, coarse fraction, morphoscopy, total organic matter content, calcium carbonate, organic carbon, total nitrogen, sedimentary phosphorus (organic, inorganic and total), elemental ratios (C/N, C/P) and stable isotopic ratios (δ13C-δ15N). The results allowed to infer that there is no seasonal variation in sediment distribution. Whereas, the shelf sediments present a calcareous sandy sedimentary cover (CaCO3≈ 88.3%), predominantly of well-sorted fine sands, with low organic matter content (TOM<2.87%, TOC<4.29%, TP<0.44µmol/g) and are mainly of marine origin (δ13C ≈ -22.17%PDB). As conclusions was observed a spatial variation, where the southwestern part is dominated by gravelly and northeast part is composed for fine sand, conditioned by the bottom morphology, sediments sources and, wave action. The geochemistry showed some stations with relative enrichment in organic matter content (TOC>3.0%; TN>0.4%) of mixed origin (δ13C= -24.5 to -23.0%PDB), which were related to anthropogenic impacts and the biotic and abiotic local processes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1679-87592018146206601 1223 downloads

14.

Construyendo cultura visual a través del cartel de cine: Análisis de afiches de las sagas cinematográficas
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Flores Huelves, Marta

; Montes Vozmediano, Manuel

Información, cultura y sociedad

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dec 2017, N. 37 Pages 127 - 144

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

This research studies the visual communication of the posters of the film series, a message that lasts in time and constitutes part of the visual culture of several generations. It initially defines a universe of 95 series released in the last half century, particularly between 1960 and 2016. This number is limited to 19 because the requirement is that the series must have at least 6 posters that can be studied. Through content analysis methodology and the use of manifest variables it is concluded that the series used similar color ranges and scenarios, which highlights the star system. The characters stand out because they are located in the foreground , at the top of the poster in a large size. It is also observed the use of a singular typography that becomes an iconic brand and is configured as an identity element of the series, which in some cases, as a reference of the visual culture that transcends the margins of the poster.

Esta investigación tiene como objeto de estudio la comunicación visual de la cartelería de las películas que pertenecen a una saga cinematográfica, un tipo de mensaje que se extiende en el tiempo y que forma parte de la cultura visual de diversas generaciones. Se parte inicialmente de un universo de 95 sagas estrenadas en el último medio siglo, en concreto entre 1960 y 2016. Esta cifra se reduce a 19 al definir como requisito que la saga tenga, al menos, 6 piezas de cartelería que puedan ser objeto de estudio. Mediante la metodología del análisis de contenido y el trabajo con variables manifiestas se concluye que las sagas apuestan por gamas cromáticas y escenarios similares, en los que cobra protagonismo el star system. Los personajes se realzan al colocarse en primer plano, en la parte superior del afiche y a gran escala. Cabe destacar también la apuesta por una tipografía propia que tiende a convertirse en marca representativa y se configura como seña de identidad de la saga que se consolida, en algunos casos, como una referencia de la cultura visual que traspasa la limitadas fronteras del cartel.

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15.

High bacterial carbon demand and low growth efficiency at a tropical hypereutrophic estuary: importance of dissolved organic matter remineralization
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Guenther, Mariana

; Gonzalez-Rodriguez, Eliane

; Flores-Montes, Manuel

; Araújo, Moacyr

; Neumann-Leitão, Sigrid

Brazilian Journal of Oceanography

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sep 2017, Volume 65 N. 3 Pages 382 - 391

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Medidas simultâneas de produção (PB) e respiração bacterianas (RB) são indispensáveis para o entendimento da magnitude do ciclo do carbono nos níveis tróficos mais basais dos sistemas aquáticos, mas são ainda escassas nos trópicos. O presente estudo foi realizado em um estuário extremamente produtivo (Porto do Recife, 08°03'S; 34°52'W, NE do Brasil), onde a demanda bacteriana por carbono (DBC=PB+RB) e a eficiência de crescimento bacteriano (ECB=PB/DBC) foram determinadas para estimar o principal papel do bacterioplâncton: fonte ou captador de carbono orgânico. Apesar das altas taxas de PB (0.03-0.4 µMC h-1), as taxas extremas de RB (0.5-4.1 µMC h-1) levaram a baixa ECB (0.02-0.29), provavelmente devido às altas temperaturas (>25ºC) e forte limitação por nitrogênio inorgânico (razão N:P) A alta DBC e a baixa ECB indicam que o bacterioplâncton esteja atuando principalmente como remineralizador da matéria orgânica dissolvida, alimentando a produção primaria do sistema. Esses resultados contradizem o que seria esperado baseado em estudos conduzidos em estuários eutróficos temperados (onde geralmente ECB > 0.30) e apontam para a importância de se aumentar estimativas in situ de PB e RB em sistemas estuarinos tropicais a fim de se promover um melhor entendimento do papel desses sistemas na ciclagem de carbono global.

Abstract Simultaneous measurements of bacterioplankton production (BP) and respiration (BR) are imperative to understand the magnitude of carbon cycle in the lower trophic levels of the aquatic systems, but are still scarce in the tropics. The present study was performed in a highly productive estuary (Recife harbor, 08°03'S; 34°52'W, NE Brazil) where bacterial carbon demand (BCD=BP+BR) and growth efficiency (BGE=BP/BCD) were evaluated in order to estimate the major role of bacterioplankton: source or sink of organic carbon. In spite of the high BP rates (0.03-0.4 µMC h-1), the extremely high BR rates (0.5-4.1 µMC h-1) led to low BGE (0.02-0.29), possibly due to the high temperatures (>25ºC) and strong inorganic nitrogen limitation (N:P ratios) The high BCD and low BGE indicate the major role of bacterioplankton as dissolved organic matter remineralizers, fueling the primary productivity of the system. These findings contradict what could be expected from studies in highly productive temperate estuaries (where BGE is usually > 0.30) and highlight the importance of increasing in situ BP and BR estimates in tropical estuarine systems in order to better understand the role of these systems in global carbon cycling.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1679-87592017137406503 1284 downloads

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