ABSTRACT This study determined the apparent digestibility for crude protein (ACPD) and essential aminoacids (AEAAD) of ingredients for Litopenaeus vannamei fed diets containing soy protein concentrate (SPC), corn gluten meal (CGM), poultry byproduct meal (PBM), meat and bone meal (MBM), hydrolyzed feather meal (HFM), spray-dried blood meal (DBM), tilapia byproduct meal (TBM), Brazilian marine fish meal (BFM), salmon byproduct meal (SLM), and krill meal (KRM). Digestibility was estimated using chromic oxide as a marker in a reference (REF) mixture. Shrimp of 6-8 g body weight were reared over three separate experimental stages lasting 29-30 days each. Shrimp survival exceeded 96% and was unaffected by test ingredient. The ACPD ranged from 66.7% for a diet containing DBM to 84.2% for the REF diet. Higher ACPD were observed for aquatic compared with plant and terrestrial animal byproducts. Aside from SPC (79.3%), ACPD for CGM was low at 47.5%. Among terrestrial animal byproducts, ACPD was higher for MBM compared with PBM, DBM, and HFM (71.2, 62.8, 48.6, and 45.9%, respectively). With the exception of BFM (59.7%), ACPD for all other aquatic proteins was high (KRM, 84.3%; TBM, 83.3%; SLM, 78.9%). Aquatic proteins have higher crude protein (CP) and essential aminoacid (EAA) digestibility for shrimp. Ingredients SLM, SPC, TBM, and KRM are preferable in feeds for the whiteleg shrimp since they carry a high CP and EAA content (>600 g kg−1) combined with ADC near or in excess of 80%.

Abstract: Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma nasal type is a rare disease that mainly affects the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses of males in the fifth decade of life. It has aggressive and locally destructive behaviour, and can be complicated by the hemophagocytic syndrome, conferring high lethality to the disease. This article describes a case of NK/T-cell lymphoma nasal type in a previously healthy patient, exemplifying its rapid and fulminant course.

O presente estudo visa determinar os valores de eficácia das micro situações de jogo especificas do pênalti, com ou sem posse da bola, em Polo Aquático. Complementarmente, pretende-se analisar a relação entre os valores de eficácia do pênalti e o resultado final obtido pelas equipes (vencedoras e vencidas). Foram recolhidas imagens vídeo relativas a todos encontros ocorridos no X Campeonato do Mundo de Barcelona' 2003 para a sua posterior análise. Apreciaram-se as micro situações de jogo do pênalti (com ou sem posse da bola) com base no cálculo de coeficientes de eficácia de precisão, definição, possibilidade, resolução, exatidão e concretização. No que se refere à comparação efetuada entre os valores de eficácia obtidos pelas formações vencedoras e vencidas, observou-se, na categoria masculina, diferenças nos 12 coeficientes analisados. Por seu lado, na categoria feminina, não se encontraram diferenças estatísticas. Assim, os dados obtidos, no grupo masculino, permitem confirmar a hipótese que as equipas vencedoras obtêm valores de eficácia mais elevados do que as equipas vencidas. Relativamente ao grupo feminino, a hipótese formulada não foi comprovada, levando ao entendimento de que a eficácia específica das micro situações de pênalti não se constitui como um fator determinante do resultado final.

The purpose of the present study is to assess the efficacy values specific of the penalty micro situations both with and without ball possession in water polo. Additionally, we aimed to analyze the relationship between the observed efficacy values and the condition of winner or loser. Video images were collected from all the matches of the X World Water Polo Championship (Barcelona' 2003). Subsequent analysis was performed by two experienced specialists. The appreciation of the penalty game micro situations was conducted through the determination of efficacy coefficients related to precision, definition, possibility, resolution, accuracy and concreteness. Differences between the male teams that win or lose were observed in all the 12 coefficients assessed. In the female group no statistical differences were found. In the male teams it is possible to accept the formulated hypothesis: the winning teams had higher efficacy values in the penalty micro situations comparing to the teams that were defeated. The absence of differences between the female teams seems to indicate that the efficacy in the penalty micro situation is not a strong influencing factor for the match final result.

A pneumonia adquirida na comunidade mantém-se como a doença infecciosa aguda de maior impacto médico-social quanto à morbidade e a custos relacionados ao tratamento. Os grupos etários mais suscetíveis de complicações graves situam-se entre os extremos de idade, fato que tem justificado a adoção de medidas de prevenção dirigidas a esses estratos populacionais. Apesar do avanço no conhecimento no campo da etiologia e da fisiopatologia, assim como no aperfeiçoamento dos métodos propedêuticos e terapêuticos, inúmeros pontos merecem ainda investigação adicional. Isto se deve à diversidade clínica, social, demográfica e estrutural, que são tópicos que não podem ser previstos em sua totalidade. Dessa forma, a publicação de diretrizes visa agrupar de maneira sistematizada o conhecimento atualizado e propor sua aplicação racional na prática médica. Não se trata, portanto, de uma regra rígida a ser seguida, mas, antes, de uma ferramenta para ser utilizada de forma crítica, tendo em vista a variabilidade da resposta biológica e do ser humano, no seu contexto individual e social. Esta diretriz constitui o resultado de uma discussão ampla entre os membros do Conselho Científico e da Comissão de Infecções Respiratórias da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia. O grupo de trabalho propôs-se a apresentar tópicos considerados relevantes, visando a uma atualização da diretriz anterior. Evitou-se, tanto quanto possível, uma repetição dos conceitos considerados consensuais. O objetivo principal do documento é a apresentação organizada dos avanços proporcionados pela literatura recente e, desta forma, contribuir para a melhora da assistência ao paciente adulto imunocompetente portador de pneumonia adquirida na comunidade.

Community-acquired pneumonia continues to be the acute infectious disease that has the greatest medical and social impact regarding morbidity and treatment costs. Children and the elderly are more susceptible to severe complications, thereby justifying the fact that the prevention measures adopted have focused on these age brackets. Despite the advances in the knowledge of etiology and physiopathology, as well as the improvement in preliminary clinical and therapeutic methods, various questions merit further investigation. This is due to the clinical, social, demographical and structural diversity, which cannot be fully predicted. Consequently, guidelines are published in order to compile the most recent knowledge in a systematic way and to promote the rational use of that knowledge in medical practice. Therefore, guidelines are not a rigid set of rules that must be followed, but first and foremost a tool to be used in a critical way, bearing in mind the variability of biological and human responses within their individual and social contexts. This document represents the conclusion of a detailed discussion among the members of the Scientific Board and Respiratory Infection Committee of the Brazilian Thoracic Association. The objective of the work group was to present relevant topics in order to update the previous guidelines. We attempted to avoid the repetition of consensual concepts. The principal objective of creating this document was to present a compilation of the recent advances published in the literature and, consequently, to contribute to improving the quality of the medical care provided to immunocompetent adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia.