RESUMO Objetivo: Predizer a flexibilidade da coluna lombar analisando a diferença da lordose lombar entre as posições ortostática e supina. Métodos: Análise retrospectiva de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de artrodese intersomática e fixação posterior entre 2013 a 2019 devido a doenças degenerativas da coluna lombar. Todos os pacientes apresentavam mais de 18 anos de idade, radiografias em ortostase pré e pós-operatórias e ressonância magnética pré operatória. A diferença entre a lordose lombar nas radiografias em pé e na ressonância magnética foi calculada como delta lordose, e comparada ao resultado radiográfico pós-operatório. Resultados: O estudo envolveu 49 pacientes. O nível mais abordado foi o L4-L5 (49,0%), e o tipo 3 de Roussouly de lordose lombar foi o mais comum (53,1%). A síndrome de degeneração discal (DDS) foi o diagnóstico predominante (83,7%). A correlação de Pearson entre o delta lordose e a lordose lombar pós operatória foi significativamente positiva. Conclusão: O estudo estabelece uma correlação entre o delta da lordose lombar e os resultados radiográficos pós-operatórios, sugerindo sua utilidade na avaliação pré-operatória da flexibilidade da coluna lombar. Nível de Evidência IV; Estudo Observacional Retrospectivo. Objetivo supina Métodos 201 1 idade pósoperatórias operatórias pósoperatório. pósoperatório operatório. operatório pós-operatório Resultados 4 L4L5 LL L4 L5 L L4-L 49,0%, 490 49,0% , 0 (49,0%) 53,1%. 531 53,1% . 53 (53,1%) DDS (DDS 83,7%. 837 83,7% 83 7 (83,7%) positiva Conclusão pósoperatórios, pósoperatórios operatórios, operatórios pós-operatórios préoperatória IV Retrospectivo 20 L4L 49,0 (49,0% 53,1 5 (53,1% 83,7 8 (83,7% 2 49, (49,0 53, (53,1 83, (83,7 (49, (53, (83, (49 (53 (83 (4 (5 (8 (

ABSTRACT Objective: To predict lumbar spine flexibility by analyzing the difference in lumbar lordosis between orthostatic and supine positions. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients undergoing interbody fusion and posterior fixation surgery between 2013 and 2019 due to degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine. All patients were over 18 years old, and preand post-operative weight-bearing X-rays and pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging were obtained. The difference between lumbar lordosis in standing X-rays and magnetic resonance imaging was calculated as lordosis delta and compared to post-operative radiographic outcomes. Results: The study involved 49 patients, with the most approached level being L4-L5 (49.0%). The Roussouly type 3 of lumbar lordosis was the most common (53.1%). Disc degeneration syndrome (DDS) was the predominant diagnosis (83.7%). The Pearson correlation between lordosis delta and post-operative lumbar lordosis was significantly positive. Conclusion: This study establishes a correlation between lumbar lordosis delta and post-operative radiographic outcomes, suggesting its utility in the pre-operative assessment of lumbar spine flexibility. Level of Evidence IV; Retrospective Observational Study. Objective positions Methods 201 1 old postoperative post operative weightbearing weight bearing Xrays X rays preoperative pre obtained outcomes Results 4 L4L5 LL L4 L5 L L4-L 49.0%. 490 49.0% . 0 (49.0%) 53.1%. 531 53.1% 53 (53.1%) DDS (DDS 83.7%. 837 83.7% 83 7 (83.7%) positive Conclusion IV Study 20 L4L 49.0 (49.0% 53.1 5 (53.1% 83.7 8 (83.7% 2 49. (49.0 53. (53.1 83. (83.7 (49. (53. (83. (49 (53 (83 (4 (5 (8 (

RESUMEN Objetivo: Predecir la flexibilidad de la columna lumbar analizando la diferencia de lordosis lumbar entre las posiciones ortostática y supina. Métodos: Análisis retrospectivo de pacientes sometidos a cirugía de artrodesis intersomática y fijación posterior entre 2013 y 2019 por enfermedades degenerativas de la columna lumbar. Todos los pacientes eran mayores de 18 años, tenían radiografías ortostáticas pre y postoperatorias y resonancias magnéticas preoperatorias. La diferencia entre la lordosis lumbar en las radiografías de pie y la RM se calculó como lordosis delta, y se comparó con el resultado radiográfico postoperatorio. Resultados: En el estudio participaron 49 pacientes. El nivel más frecuentemente abordado fue L4-L5 (49,0%), y la lordosis lumbar tipo 3 de Roussouly fue la más frecuente (53,1%). El síndrome de degeneración discal (SDD) fue el diagnóstico predominante (83,7%). La correlación de Pearson entre la lordosis delta y la lordosis lumbar postoperatoria fue significativamente positiva. Conclusión: El estudio establece una correlación entre el delta de lordosis lumbar y los resultados radiográficos postoperatorios, lo que sugiere su utilidad en la evaluación preoperatoria de la flexibilidad de la columna lumbar. Nivel de Evidencia IV; Estudio Observacional Retrospectivo. Objetivo supina Métodos 201 1 años preoperatorias postoperatorio Resultados 4 L4L5 LL L4 L5 L L4-L 49,0%, 490 49,0% , 0 (49,0%) 53,1%. 531 53,1% . 53 (53,1%) SDD (SDD 83,7%. 837 83,7% 83 7 (83,7%) positiva Conclusión postoperatorios IV Retrospectivo 20 L4L 49,0 (49,0% 53,1 5 (53,1% 83,7 8 (83,7% 2 49, (49,0 53, (53,1 83, (83,7 (49, (53, (83, (49 (53 (83 (4 (5 (8 (

Abstract The persistence of serum-specific anti-chikungunya IgM antibodies (CHIKV-IgM) can vary after chikungunya fever (CHIK) infection. However, the factors related to its production are not yet known. We described a case series drawn up from data collected from 57 patients between 12 and 36 months after the acute phase of CHIK infection in Northeastern Brazil. CHIKV-IgM was detectable in 7/57 (12.3%) patients after 28.3 months of infection. No frequency differences in chronic musculoskeletal manifestations and underlying conditions were detected between patients with or without CHIKV-IgM. CHIKV-IgM was detected for up to 35 months in Brazilian patients after CHIK infection.

Resumo Uma das técnicas de manejo utilizada nos greens (áreas finais dos buracos) de campo de golfe é a adubação. Para correto programa de adubação destas áreas deve-se conhecer o consumo de nutrientes ao longo do ciclo da planta. Objetivou-se determinar a exportação de nutrientes pelas aparas de grama bermuda Tifdwarf (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. x Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt-Davey) utilizada em greens de campo de golfe, nas quatro estações climáticas, como informação para melhorar o manejo nutricional realizado. O experimento foi realizado em dois campos de golfe no estado de São Paulo. Foram estudados quatro greens em cada campo, pelo período de um ano, sendo adotado um fatorial 4x2 (estações climáticas x campos de golfe) em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Foram avaliadas a produção de massa seca foliar e a concentração de nutrientes, calculando-se posteriormente a absorção e exportação de nutrientes pelas aparas das folhas. A quantidade exportada de nutrientes pelas aparas de grama foi diferente entre os dois campos de golfe. O verão foi a estação de maior acúmulo e exportação de nutrientes no FG, exceto para Fe. O outono foi a estação de maior acúmulo e exportação de nutrientes no FCA, exceto para Mn e Zn. Considerando a quantidade de nutrientes exportada pelas aparas da grama bermuda Tifdwarf dos greens nos dois campos de golfe estudados, os macronutrientes foram exportados na seguinte ordem: N>K>Ca>P>S>Mg (21,8; 4,3; 2,0; 1,9; 1,8; 0,7 g m-2) e os micronutrientes foram exportados na seguinte ordem: Fe>Zn>Mn>Cu>B (257,8; 27,4; 23,6; 7,8; 6,0 mg m-2).

Abstract One of the management techniques used in greens (final areas of the holes) of golf course is the fertilizer. To correct fertilization program of these areas should know the consumption of nutrients throughout the plant cycle. The objective was to determine the export of nutrients by clipping of Tifdwarf bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. x Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt-Davey) used in golf courses greens in the four weather seasons, as information to improve nutritional management. The research project was conducted in two golf courses in Sao Paulo State. Four greens were studied in each field, for a period of one year, using a 4x2 factorial (weather seasons x golf courses) in a completely randomized design. The production of dry matter and nutrient concentration were evaluated, and the absorption and exportation of nutrients by leaf clippings was subsequently calculated. The amount of nutrients exported by turfgrass clippings was different between the two golf courses. The summer was the season of greatest accumulation and export of nutrients in FG, except for Fe. Autumn was the season of greatest accumulation and export of nutrients in FCA, except for Mn and Zn. Considering the amount of nutrients exported by the greens clippings of the Tifdwarf bermudagrass from the two golf courses studied, the macronutrients were exported in the following order: N>K>Ca>P>S>Mg (21.8, 4.3, 2.0, 1.9, 1.8, 0.7 g m-2) and the micronutrients were exported in the following order: Fe>Zn>Mn>Cu>B (257.8, 27.4, 23.6, 7.8, 6.0 mg m-2).

Stability is an important parameter to evaluate the quality, safety and efficacy of drug substances and pharmaceutical products. The stability studies aim to determine the ability of a formulation to maintain its specifications, in order to establish shelf life and recommended storage conditions. Despite the extensive relevance, until the 1980’s the stability assessment methods complied with technical and scientific principles without the intervention of regulatory acts by health authorities. The International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) establishment in the 1990’s boosted the regulation on this issue, not only in the attended countries, but worldwide. In the Brazilian context, the first regulatory norm for stability studies was published in 2002 and it implied the requirement of the submission of a stability report for the sanitary registration of medicines. The development of the Brazilian legislation resulted, among other factors, from the progress of the analytical methods that have become increasingly efficient, sensitive and selective, which allows the achievements of results with greater accuracy and speed; and the use of modern techniques of solid form characterization, which provide important information about the stability of active ingredients and pharmaceutical products.

A thiourea derivative, N-[(phenylcarbonyl)carbamothioyl]benzamide, was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, thermal analysis, spectroscopic methods (Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), UV-Vis, Raman, matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF), tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)) and quantum-chemical calculations. The synthetic route was simple and efficient, conducted just by one-step and no purification step was needed. The compound crystallizes in a non-centrosymmetric orthorhombic crystal system with a P21 21 21 space group, with a= 5.06220(10) Å, b= 11.8623(3) Å, c= 21.9682(8) Å. The molecular conformation of the solid is stabilized by the N-H···O intramolecular hydrogen bond, which was present in the X-ray structure and was also found in the optimized geometry. The theoretical analysis showed that this strong interaction remains even when molecules are solvated, i.e., the rotation barrier and the hydrogen bond strength are greater than the solvent stabilization energy. In addition to this hydrogen bond effect, the relative position of phenyl groups has a certain influence on the chemical behavior of this thiourea and probably for other phenylthioureas.

Descritas há mais de 150 anos, as células gliais, constituintes do tecido nervoso juntamente com os neurônios, foram consideradas até pouco tempo células de suporte do cérebro, passivas e à margem do seu funcionamento. Especialmente na última década, as neurociências foram palco de uma mudança de paradigma relacionada à função e ao papel dessas células na fisiologia e patologia neurais. Neste artigo, discutimos como os avanços acerca do conhecimento sobre os astrócitos, o mais abundante tipo glial, contribuíram para o entendimento do funcionamento cerebral. Apresentamos evidências da relação entre disfunções gliais e doenças neurodegenerativas e desordens neurológicas, discutindo o potencial papel dessas células na elaboração de abordagens terapêuticas para o sistema nervoso adulto.

Described over 150 years ago, glial cells, nerve tissue constituents together with neurons, were until recently considered supporting cells of the brain. Especially in the last decade, the Neurosciences have witnessed a paradigm shift related to the function and role of these cells in neural physiology and pathology. In this chapter, we discuss how advances in the knowledgement about astrocytes, the most abundant glial cell type, contributed to the understanding of brain functioning. We will present evidence of the relationship between glial dysfunction and neurodegenerative diseases and neurological disorders, discussing the potential role of these cells in the development of therapeutic approaches for the adult nervous system.