RESUMO Tumores sebáceos da conjuntiva e carúncula são condições raras, sendo mais encontrados nas pálpebras. O ade noma sebáceo é responsável por 1% das lesões carunculares e ainda menos frequente nas lesões da conjuntiva. Esse diagnóstico é de suma importância pois quase 50% desses pacientes podem ser diagnosticados com a Síndrome de Muir-Torre, uma condição autossômica dominante rara que é caracterizada pela presença de ao menos um tumor de pele sebáceo e uma neoplasia visceral (gastrointestinal, câncer geniturinário e de mama). O estudo tem como objetivo relatar 3 casos de adenoma sebáceo com diferentes apresentações, que foram submetidos a biópsia excisional e estudo imuno-histoquímico. O diagnóstico desses tumores deve levantar suspeitas e aconselhar a investigação clínica para descartar outras neoplasias, principalmente porque em até 41% dos casos esse pode ser o primeiro sinal da Síndrome de Muir-Torre.

ABSTRACT Sebaceous tumors of the conjunctiva and caruncle are rare conditions, accounting for 1% of caruncle lesions and even lower among conjunctival lesions. Almost 50% of cases are associated with Muir-Torre syndrome, a rare autosomal-dominant condition characterized by at least one sebaceous skin tumor and one visceral malignancy. We report 3 cases of sebaceous adenoma with different presentations that were submitted to excisional biopsy and immunohistochemical study. Diagnosis of these tumors should increase the level of suspicion and lead to clinical investigation to rule out neoplasms, particularly because in up to 41% of cases, these can be the first sign of the disease.

RESUMO: Avaliou-se a composição química do colostro de ovinos Santa Inês, leite refrigerado (zero a 240 horas) e leite congelado por até 70 dias. Os resultados de composição química (gordura, proteína, caseína, lactose, extrato seco total e desengordurado) e contagem de células somáticas do colostro (CCS) foram apresentados de forma descritiva. Os resultados da composição química, CCS e da contagem bacteriana total (CBT) do leite refrigerado e congelado foram avaliados em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. As repetições foram os dias de coleta do leite e os tratamentos os tempos em que o leite foi refrigerado e congelado. A comparação das médias de qualidade do leite resfriado e congelado foi realizada pelo teste de Tukey, com probabilidade de 5,0 %. O colostro de ovinos Santa Inês apresentou alto teor de proteína e gordura, demonstrando ser uma grande fonte de nutrientes para a nutrição de cordeiros. O leite de ovelha Santa Inês pode ser armazenado sob refrigeração por até 240 horas sem alterações da composição química. O leite congelado de ovelhas Santa Inês pode ser armazenado por até 70 dias, contudo ocorre alteração da composição química, principalmente nos teores de gordura. A refrigeração e o congelamento são alternativas que agregam valor ao leite de ovelhas Santa Inês, porém, mais estudos com estes métodos de preservação, são necessários para maior garantia de qualidade.

ABSTRACT: The chemical composition of Santa Inês sheep colostrum was evaluated, as well as chilled milk (zero to 240 hours) and frozen milk for up to 70 days. Results of chemical composition (fat, protein, casein, lactose, total and degreased dry extract) and colostrum somatic cell count (SCC) were presented descriptively. The results of chemical composition and SCC and total bacterial count (TBC) of chilled and frozen milk were evaluated in a completely randomized design, the repetition of milk collection days and the treatments of the times when the milk was chilled and frozen. The comparison of the quality averages of chilled and frozen milk was performed by Tukey test, with a probability of 5.0 %. Santa Inês sheep colostrum showed high protein and fat content, demonstrating a high source of nutrients for lamb nutrition. Santa Inês sheep’s milk can be stored for up to 240 hours without changes in chemical quality. Frozen milk from Santa Inês ewes for up to 70 days minus fat content; however, this form of milk preservation is viable. Refrigeration and freezing are alternatives that add value to the milk of Santa Inês ewes, but studies with previous preservation methods are necessary for greater quality assurance.

Resumo A atividade carrapaticida in vitro do extrato metanólico (EM) e da fração de alcaloides (FA) de Prosopis juliflora foi investigada, frente ao Rhipicephalus microplus, e relacionada com a inibição da enzima acetilcolinesterase (AChE). A predição in silico das interações de alcaloides dessa fração com a AChE1 de R. microplus (RmAChE1) foi realizada por acoplamento molecular. A atividade carrapaticida foi avaliada, utilizando-se os ensaios de imersão de adultos e larvas. Maior efeito sobre parâmetros reprodutivos de teleóginas foi verificado para a FA, com valor de Concentração Efetiva 50% (CE50) (31.6 mg/mL), quatro vezes menor do que o valor do EM (121 mg/mL). A FA induziu mortalidade de larvas (Concentração Letal de 50% - CL50 = 13,8 mg/mL). A inibição da atividade da AChE de larvas do carrapato foi observada para EM e FA, sendo a FA mais ativa (Concentração Inibitória 50%- CI50 de 0,041mg/mL). As análises químicas da FA permitiram a identificação dos alcaloides prosopina (1), juliprosinina (2) e juliprosopina (3). No ensaio in silico, observou-se que esses alcaloides podem interagir com o sítio ativo da RmAChE1, principalmente por ligações de hidrogênio e interações cátion-pi. Os alcaloides de P. juliflora têm atividade carrapaticida contra R. microplus, atuando através do mecanismo anticolinesterásico.

Abstract We investigated the in vitro acaricide activity of the methanolic extract (ME) and alkaloid-rich fraction (AF) of Prosopis juliflora on Rhipicephalus microplus and correlated this effect with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition. The acaricide activity was evaluated using adult and larval immersion tests. Also, we studied the possible interaction mechanism of the major alkaloids present in this fraction via molecular docking at the active site of R. microplus AChE1 (RmAChE1). Higher reproductive inhibitory activity of the AF was recorded, with effective concentration (EC50) four times lower than that of the ME (31.6 versus 121 mg/mL). The AF caused mortality of tick larvae, with lethal concentration 50% (LC50) of 13.8 mg/mL. Both ME and AF were seen to have anticholinesterase activity on AChE of R. microplus larvae, while AF was more active with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.041 mg/mL. The LC-MS/MS analyses on the AF led to identification of three alkaloids: prosopine (1), juliprosinine (2) and juliprosopine (3). The molecular docking studies revealed that these alkaloids had interactions at the active site of the RmAChE1, mainly relating to hydrogen bonds and cation-pi interactions. We concluded that the alkaloids of P. juliflora showed acaricide activity on R. microplus and acted through an anticholinesterase mechanism.

ABSTRACT Introduction Penile cancer (PC) occurs less frequently in Europe and in the United States than in South America and parts of Africa. Lymph node (LN) involvement is the most important prognostic factor, and inguinal LN (ILN) dissection can be curative; however, ILN dissection has high morbidity. A nomogram was previously developed based on clinicopathological features of PC to predict ILN metastases. Our objective was to conduct an external validation of the previously developed nomogram based on our population. Materials and methods We included men with cN0 ILNs who underwent ILN dissection for penile carcinoma between 2000 and 2014. We performed external validation of the nomogram considering three different external validation methods: k-fold, leave-one-out, and bootstrap. We also analyzed prognostic variables. Performance was quantified in terms of calibration and discrimination (receiver operator characteristic curve). A logistic regression model for positive ILNs was developed based on clinicopathological features of PC. Results We analyzed 65 men who underwent ILN dissection (cN0). The mean age was 56.8 years. Of 65 men, 24 (36.9%) presented with positive LNs. A median 21 ILNs were removed. Considering the three different methods used, we concluded that the previously developed nomogram was not suitable for our sample. Conclusions In our study, the previously developed nomogram that was applied to our population had low accuracy and low precision for correctly identifying patients with PC who have positive ILNs.

ABSTRACT. Jiggs bermudagrass has presented competitive production potential over other forages. However, there is a lack of information about the nutritional value of this forage with important relevance in ruminant nutrition. This study aimed to evaluate the protein and carbohydrate fractionation of Jiggs bermudagrass in different seasons of the year under intermittent grazing by Holstein cows. The experiment was conducted during one year in a completely randomized design with nine replications and treatments consisted of the effect of four seasons: fall, winter, spring and summer. The results showed that there were seasonal variations in the fractions of proteins and carbohydrate, with the exception of the protein fraction B3. The better climatic conditions in spring and summer contributed to an increase in the protein fraction A and carbohydrate A+B1. The winter had a greater fraction C of protein and carbohydrate, reflecting the nutritive value of the forage. The use of irrigation during fall and winter had a positive effect on nitrogen fractions B1 and B2 and on non-fiber carbohydrates.

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the application of the nursing model “Primary Nursing” to patients submitted to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Method: Convergent-care research conducted from June to December 2016 with 20 nursing professionals from the Bone Marrow Transplant Service of a Brazilian Public Hospital. The results were obtained with the administration of a semi-structured interview. Thematic analysis described by Creswell was used in data analysis. Results: Six thematic categories based on the applicability of the Primary Nursing model emerged, as follows: Ambience and care process; Knowing the patient; Interpersonal relations; Favorable and unfavorable aspects; Organization of the care process; and Nursing Process. Conclusion: The study reports improvements and difficulties in the nursing care process with the application the Primary Nursing model, but proved above all to be a viable nursing model for the care of patients submitted to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Describir la aplicación del modelo de enfermería Primary Nursing en pacientes sometidos a trasplante de células madre hematopoyéticas. Método: Investigación convergente asistencial realizada de julio a diciembre de 2016, con 20 profesionales de enfermería del Servicio de Trasplante de Médula Ósea de un hospital público brasileño. Resultados obtenidos mediante entrevista semiestructurada. Datos analizados utilizando Análisis Temático de Creswell. Resultados: Surgieron seis clases temáticas basadas en la aplicabilidad del Primary Nursing, denominadas: El ambiente y el proceso de cuidado; El conocer al paciente; Las relaciones interpersonales; Los aspectos favorables y desfavorables; La organización del proceso de cuidado; y El proceso de enfermería. Conclusión: El estudio demuestra mejoras y dificultades en el proceso de cuidado de enfermería con la aplicación del Primary Nursing, pero sobre todo, se mostró como modelo de enfermería apto para el cuidado de pacientes sometidos a trasplante de células madre hematopoyéticas.

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever a aplicação do modelo de Enfermagem Primary Nursing a pacientes submetidos ao transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas. Método: pesquisa Convergente Assistencial, realizada de junho a dezembro de 2016, com 20 profissionais de Enfermagem do Serviço de Transplante de Medula Óssea de um Hospital Público brasileiro. Os resultados foram obtidos por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados foram analisados com base na Análise Temática de Creswell. Resultados: emergiram seis classes temáticas baseadas na aplicabilidade do Primary Nursing, denominadas: A ambiência e o processo de cuidado; O conhecer o paciente; As relações interpessoais; Os aspectos favoráveis e desfavoráveis; A organização do processo de cuidado; e o Processo de Enfermagem. Conclusão: o estudo demonstra melhorias e dificuldades no processo de cuidado em Enfermagem com a aplicação Primary Nursing, mas sobretudo mostrou-se um modelo de Enfermagem viável para o cuidado a pacientes submetidos ao transplante de células-tronco hematopoéticas.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate dry matter production, fermentative parameters, and nutritional value of the silage of corn intercropped with Paiaguas palisadegrass in different forage systems and maturity stages, in the off-season. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, with four replications, in a 5×3 factorial arrangement consisting of five forage systems: corn monocropped; Paiaguas palisadegrass monocropped; corn intercropped with Paiaguas palisadegrass in the row, inter-row, and oversown; and three corn maturity stages (milky, soft dough, and hard dough with 80, 90, and 110 days after sowing, respectively). The results showed that the silage of corn intercropped with Paiaguas palisadegrass in the row and inter-row at the hard dough stage presented greater productivity per area and better fermentative and nutritional characteristics. They can, therefore, be recommended as suitable sowing systems for silage production. Silages produced from intercropping systems proved to be an alternative feed supply technique, allowing the intensification of production systems, maximizing nutrient production per area, in a sustainable manner.

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the most frequent surgical techniques of high-risk colorectal anastomoses in rats. Methods: Wistar rats were enrolled in three different models comprising inflammatory (TNBS enema), vascular (portal vein occlusion) or obstructive (a non-ischemic constricting ring) mechanisms associated with colonic anastomosis that had accomplished after these former lesions. Histological analyses (Hematoxylin and eosin and Picrosirius red) were performed. Results: All anastomoses techniques were associated with risk factors and had complications, mainly anastomotic leakage. In Study 1, the use of a pharmacological agent, trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) mimicked an inflammatory bowel disease such as Crohn’s disease with 50% of anastomosis leakage, the higher percentage among all models tested. In Study 2, after portal ischemia followed by reperfusion it was observed a dense neutrophil infiltrate in the midst of necrotic tissue and fibrin at the anastomotic site and 5 days after the anastomosis, no collagen was produced. In Study 3, 5 days after the mechanical obstruction some denuded areas of epithelium with marked oedema of mucosa and submucosa were seen, at the anastomotic site and anastomosis group showed some reduction of collagen density when compared with Control/Sham group. Conclusion: All the experimental surgical techniques tested in rats were associated with high-risk colorectal anastomoses and were useful to study colonic anastomotic healing and intestinal leakage.

RESUMO. Objetivou-se avaliar a composição do leite e perfil metabólico de vacas da raça Holandesa em diferentes ordens de parto, no início, meio e fim de lactação. Foram utilizadas 110 vacas mantidas em sistema Free stal, recebendo a mesma dieta. Os animais foram agrupados de acordo com a ordem de parto em diferentes dias em lactação (DEL), início (1-90 DEL), meio (91-180 DEL) e fim de lactação (mais de 181 DEL), para a comparação da produção de leite, composição química do leite e perfil metabólico do sangue entre as ordens de parto dentro do mesmo período de lactação. Estes parâmetros também foram avaliados entre os períodos de lactação das vacas em diferentes ordens de parto. A ordem de parto, em nenhum estádio de lactação, influenciou a produção de leite por dia e o perfil bioquímico do sangue de vacas Holandesas que recebiam a mesma dieta. Entretanto, a ordem de parto em todos estádios de lactação influenciou a composição química do leite. A primeira, segunda, terceira e quarta ordem de parto em nenhum estádio de lactação influenciaram o perfil bioquímico do sangue de vacas Holandesas. Por outro lado, diferentes estádios de lactação influenciaram a produção e composição química do leite.

ABSTRACT. This study aimed to evaluate milk composition and metabolic profile of Holstein cows at different calving orders in the beginning, middle, and end of lactation. One hundred ten Holstein cows were housed in a free stall system receiving the same diet and were grouped according to calving order (first, second, third, and fourth calving) and days in milk (DIM): early (1-90 DIM), middle (91-180 DIM), and end of lactation (over 181 DIM) for comparing milk yield, milk composition, and blood metabolic profile between the calving orders within the same lactation period. These parameters were also evaluated between lactation periods of the cows in different calving orders. The calving order, in any lactation stage, had no influence on milk yield per day and blood biochemical profile of Holstein cows receiving the same diet. However, calving order in all stages of lactation influenced milk composition. The first, second, third, and fourth calving order had no effect on the blood biochemical profile of Holstein cows, in any lactation stage. On the other hand, the different stages of lactation influenced milk yield and milk composition of Holstein cows.

Foi avaliada a atividade anti-helmíntica do suco de Agave sisalana (sisal) contra nematódeos gastrintestinais e possíveis efeitos tóxicos em caprinos. Nos testes in vitro, encontrou-se redução superior a 95% na contagem de larvas do gênero Haemonchus spp. nas concentrações entre 86,5 e 146,3 mg.mL-1. In vivo, o percentual de redução de larvas de quarto (L4) e quinto (L5) estágios de Haemonchus, Oesophagostomum e Trichostrongylus foi inferior a 95% para o GI e GII, e entre 80 e 90% para o GIII. O suco de A. sisalana nas concentrações testadas in vitro foi efetivo contra nematódeos gastrintestinais de caprinos, apresentando, no entanto, reduzida eficácia anti-helmíntica quando administrado nos animais.

It was evaluated the anthelmintic activity of Agave sisalana (sisal) juice against gastrointestinal nematodes and its potential toxic effects in goats. In vitro tests showed more than 95% reduction in larval counts of the genus Haemonchus spp. at concentrations between 86.5 and 146.3 mg.mL-1. In vivo the percent reduction of larvae of the fourth (L4) and fifth (L5) stages of Haemonchus, Oesophagostomum and Trichostrongylus was less than 95% in groups GI and GII, and between 80 and 90% in group GIII. A. sisalana juice at the concentrations tested in vitro was effective against gastrointestinal nematodes in goats; however, its anthelmintic efficacy was reduced when administered to animals.

Neste trabalho foram determinadas a sensibilidade e a especificidade da técnica imunoenzimática (ELISA) desenvolvida por CHAVÉZ-OLORTEGUI et al. para detectar antígenos circulantes de veneno em pacientes picados po Tityus serrulatus. A média mais dois desvios padrão da observância do soro de 100 pacientes controles foi utilizada como limite entre teste positivo e teste negativo ("cutoff"). A especificidade do ELISA foi igual a 97,0%. A sensibilidade do método, quando incluidos pacientes classificados como casos leves, moderados e graves de escorpionismo, foi de 39,3% e aumentou para 94,7% quando considerados apenas os casos moderados e graves. Estes resultados mostram que o ELISA pode ser utilizado para detecção de antígenos tóxicos circulantes em pacientes com manifestações sistêmicas de envenenamento escorpiônico mas não deve ser empregado no estudo de pacientes que apresentam apenas dor no local da picada (casos leves). O tempo necessário para a realização do ELISA é superior a 1 hora. Portanto, o teste tem sua utilização limitada para o diagnóstico de envenenamento, mas pode constituir um instrumento útil para o estudo da cinética de neutralização do veneno pelo antiveneno específico.

The sensitivity and specificity of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of circulating antigens from toxic components of Tityus serrulatus scorpion venom was determined in patients stung by T. serrulatus before antivenom administration. Thirty-seven patients were classified as mild cases and 19 as moderate or severe cases. The control absorbance in the venom assay was provided by serum samples from 100 individuals of same socioeconomic group and geographical area who had never been stung by scorpions or treated with horse antisera. The negative cutoff value (mean + 2 SD) corresponded to a venom concentration of 4.8 ng/ml. Three out of the 100 normal sera were positive, resulting in a specificity of 97%. The sensitivity of the ELISA when all cases of scorpion sting were included was 39.3%. When mild cases were excluded, the sensitivity increased to 94.7%. This study showed that this ELISA can be used for the detection of circulating venom toxic antigens in patients with systemic manifestations following. T. serrulatus sting but cannot be used for clinical studies in mild cases of envenoming since the test does not discriminate mild cases from control patients.