Brazilian Savanna biodiversity is abundant in native fruits with nutritional and sensory properties with potential technological applications. However, the information available regarding the proprieties of Brazilian native fruits is still limited. This study aimed to analyze the metabolic profile of Brosimum gaudichaudii fruits (BGF) using metabolomics approaches, besides its physicochemical and nutritional proprieties. BGF exhibited protein content at least two times higher than other native fruits. Fifty-five metabolites were identified by the metabolomics approaches, mainly fatty acids (n = 22), carbohydrates (n = 13), organic acids (n = 6), and polyphenols (n = 5). The most abundant constituents were D-fructose (42.97%) for sugars, L-asparagine (6.47%) for amino acids, succinic acid (44.11%) for organic acids, and linolenic acid (3.04%) for fatty acids. Highlighted phytochemicals included chlorogenic acid, α-amyrin, and γ-tocopherol. Additionally, this study revealed that BGF is a good source of vitamin C and dietary fiber and an excellent source of vitamin A. Future studies providing nutritional information and suggesting consumption methods and potential industrial applications are essential to familiarize consumers with these foods. Additionally, clarifying the appropriate planting and harvesting seasons can revive traditional practices, especially for native fruits like BGF. However limited (BGF approaches Fiftyfive Fifty five n 22, 22 , 22) 13, 13 13) 6, 6 6) 5. 5 . 5) Dfructose D fructose 42.97% 4297 42 97 (42.97% sugars Lasparagine L asparagine 6.47% 647 47 (6.47% 44.11% 4411 44 11 (44.11% 3.04% 304 3 04 (3.04% αamyrin, αamyrin α amyrin, amyrin α-amyrin γtocopherol. γtocopherol γ tocopherol. tocopherol γ-tocopherol Additionally A foods practices 2 1 42.97 429 4 9 (42.97 6.47 64 (6.47 44.11 441 (44.11 3.04 30 0 (3.04 42.9 (42.9 6.4 (6.4 44.1 (44.1 3.0 (3.0 42. (42. 6. (6. 44. (44. 3. (3. (42 (6 (44 (3 (4 (

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and hepatic fibrosis in biopsies of people with obesity who underwent bariatric surgery and examine the possible association of different variables with a diagnosis of NAFLD and NASH. Materials and methods: Epidemiological, clinical and laboratory data from 574 individuals with obesity of both genders seen by the same physician between 2003 and 2009 who had a liver biopsy during bariatric surgery were examined. Results: Of the 437 patients included, 39.8% had some degree of liver fibrosis, 95% had a histologic diagnosis of NAFLD, and the risk factors were age ≥ 28 years and Homeostatic Model Assessment (HOMA) ≥ 2.5 (p = 0.001 and p = 0.016, respectively). In the NAFLD group, NASH was present in 26% of patients and the associated factors were aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase index (AST/ALT) > 1, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) < 40 mg/dL, total cholesterol (TC) ≥ 200 mg/dL, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) > 38 U/L and triglycerides (TG) levels > 150 mg/dL. The independent risk factors were low HDL-c, elevated AST/ALT and high TG. Conclusion: The variables associated with a diagnosis of NAFLD were HOMA ≥ 2.5 and age ≥ 28 years. NASH was associated with low HDL-c, high TG and AST/ALT ≤ 1. Objective , (NAFLD) (NASH methods Epidemiological 57 examined Results 43 included 398 39 8 39.8 95 2 (HOMA 25 5 2. 0001 0 001 0.00 0016 016 0.016 respectively. respectively . respectively) group 26 ASTALT AST ALT (AST/ALT 1 highdensity density HDLc HDL c (HDL-c 4 mgdL mg dL mg/dL TC (TC 20 gammaglutamyl gamma glutamyl GGT (GGT 3 UL U L (TG 15 HDLc, c, HDL-c Conclusion (NAFLD 39. 9 000 00 0.0 01 0.01 0.

The indiscriminate use of herbicides makes weeds resistant, increasing the demand for more efficient herbicides. Novel potential herbicides were prepared from sorbic acid, being 8 dienamides and 6 epoxides. Subsequently, phytotoxic activities of sorbic acid and 14 synthesized compounds were evaluated against sorghum, onion, cucumber, lettuce, and beggartick seeds. Furthermore, the protein target of the most active substance in plants was identified in silico. Among the tested compounds, (2E,4E)-N-(p-fluorophenyl)hexa-2,4-dienamide (2c), (2E,4E)-N -(o-naphthyl) hexa-2,4-dienamide (2d), (E)-N-methylphenyl-3-((2R,3R)-3-methyloxiran-2-yl)acrylamide (3b), (E)-N-bromophenyl-3-((2R,3R)-3-methyloxiran-2-yl)acrylamide (3e), and (E)-N-methoxyphenyl-3-((2R,3R)-3-methyloxiran-2-yl)acrylamide (3f) showed pronounced inhibitory activities, both of shoots and roots, making them candidates for promising herbicides. All compounds altered seed development, and compounds 2c, 2d, 3b, 3e, and 3f presented equal or superior results to the commercial control herbicide S-metolachlor. Docking studies suggest that enzyme mitogen-activated protein kinase can be the target of those compounds. resistant epoxides Subsequently 1 sorghum onion cucumber lettuce seeds Furthermore silico 2E,4ENpfluorophenylhexa2,4dienamide 2E4ENpfluorophenylhexa24dienamide EENpfluorophenylhexadienamide 2E,4E N p fluorophenyl hexa 2,4 dienamide 2E 4E 2 4 E 2c c , (2c) 2E,4EN 2E4EN EEN onaphthyl o naphthyl -(o-naphthyl hexa2,4dienamide hexa24dienamide hexadienamide 2d d (2d) ENmethylphenyl32R,3R3methyloxiran2ylacrylamide ENmethylphenyl32R3R3methyloxiran2ylacrylamide ENmethylphenylRRmethyloxiranylacrylamide methylphenyl 3 2R,3R methyloxiran yl acrylamide 2R 3R R 3b b (3b) ENbromophenyl32R,3R3methyloxiran2ylacrylamide ENbromophenyl32R3R3methyloxiran2ylacrylamide ENbromophenylRRmethyloxiranylacrylamide bromophenyl 3e e (3e) ENmethoxyphenyl32R,3R3methyloxiran2ylacrylamide ENmethoxyphenyl32R3R3methyloxiran2ylacrylamide ENmethoxyphenylRRmethyloxiranylacrylamide methoxyphenyl f (3f roots development Smetolachlor. Smetolachlor S metolachlor. metolachlor S-metolachlor mitogenactivated mitogen activated 4ENpfluorophenylhexa2 4dienamide ENpfluorophenylhexa 2E4E EE 24 2, (2c 4EN EN hexa2 (2d ENmethylphenyl32R 3R3methyloxiran2ylacrylamide ENmethylphenyl ylacrylamide 2R3R RR (3b ENbromophenyl32R ENbromophenyl (3e ENmethoxyphenyl32R ENmethoxyphenyl 4ENpfluorophenylhexa ENmethylphenylR Rmethyloxiranylacrylamide ENbromophenylR ENmethoxyphenylR

Resumo O mercado automobilístico global vem experimentando a adoção dos veículos elétricos de passeio e comerciais leves e, mais recentemente, a introdução de caminhões elétricos na Europa, Estados Unidos e Ásia como forma de reduzir as emissões de gases de efeito estufa, em direção à neutralidade de carbono e promovendo a sustentabilidade social, ambiental e econômica. O objetivo deste estudo é compreender a perspectiva de atores do regime dominante de caminhões movidos a motores a diesel quanto à transição para motores elétricos, a partir de uma abordagem qualitativa, exploratória e descritiva, utilizando-se de uma abordagem multinível e coevolucionária, com uma perspectiva temporal longitudinal do período de 2016 a 2022 no Brasil. Os fatores identificados para a adoção do Caminhão Elétrico, no Brasil, incluem alguns fatores coerentes com a teoria, de ordem tecnológica, econômica e regulatória: (a) aumento de disponibilidade de infraestrutura pública e comercial de recarga; (b) adequação da infraestrutura de produção, transmissão e distribuição de energia limpa, para atender um novo nível de demanda de carga; (c) o barateamento da produção de hidrogênio pelo aumento da escala de produção; e (d) a regulamentação e normatização de células de combustível. Nossas evidências ampliam esta lista dois fatores de resistência do regime: (e) os modelos de negócio praticados para garantir capilaridade de venda; e (f) a falta de qualificação eletrotécnica dos quadros da montadora e da rede de serviços disponível. recentemente Europa estufa social qualitativa descritiva utilizandose utilizando se coevolucionária 201 202 Brasil Elétrico teoria tecnológica regulatória (a recarga b (b limpa carga c (c d (d combustível (e venda f (f disponível 20 2

Abstract The automotive market worldwide is experiencing unprecedented growth, driven by the adoption of electric passenger and light commercial vehicles, and more recently, by the introduction of electric trucks - in Europe, the United States and Asia – in an attempt to cut greenhouse gas emissions and achieve carbon neutrality, promoting social, environmental, and economic sustainability. This study aims at understanding the perspective of diesel-truck players, regarding the transition to electric engines, from a qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive point of view, using a multilevel and co-evolutionary approach, with a longitudinal temporal perspective, from 2016 to 2022, in Brazil. Among factors identified for the adoption of electric trucks in Brazil are some technological, economic and regulatory elements, consistent with the theory: (a) to increase the availability of public and commercial charging stations; (b) to adapt clean-energy production, transmission and distribution to meet new charge demands; (c) to make hydrogen production cheaper by increasing production; and (d) fuel-cell regulation and standardization. Our evidence-gathering expands the list and adds two resistance factors: (e) business models used to guarantee sales development; and (f) lack of qualified personnel, at the automaker and service network, in terms of electrotechnical expertise and skillset. growth vehicles recently Europe neutrality social environmental sustainability dieseltruck diesel truck players engines qualitative exploratory view coevolutionary co evolutionary approach 201 2022 technological elements theory (a stations b (b cleanenergy clean energy demands c (c d (d fuelcell fuel cell standardization evidencegathering evidence gathering e (e development f (f personnel network skillset 20 202 2

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as propriedades biológicas de dois cimentos biocerâmicos (Bio-C Sealer -BCS; EndoSequence BC Sealer - EBCS) em linhagem osteoblástica. Células osteoblásticas MC3T3 foram expostas aos extratos dos materiais biocerâmicos. Após 1, 3 e 7 dias, a citotoxicidade foi avaliada pelo método MTT, a genotoxicidade pelo teste de micronúcleo e a expressão dos genes BMP1, BMP2 e ALP por RT-qPCR. A cicatrização da ferida foi avaliada nos tempos de 1, 2 e 3 dias pelo teste de arranhão. Os dados foram analisados por ANOVA 2 fatores, seguido pelo Teste de Tukey para comparações múltiplas (α=0,05). A avaliação da citotoxicidade não revelou diferenças significativas entre os materiais e o grupo controle em nenhum dos momentos, indicando que nenhum dos materiais apresentou efeitos citotóxicos. Entretanto, ambos os cimentos induziram maior formação de micronúcleos em relação ao controle nos dias 1 e 7 (p<0,05) na avaliação da genotoxicidade. Não houve diferença entre os grupos em nenhum dos tempos experimentais para a cicatrização de feridas. Ambos os biomateriais aumentaram a expressão de BMP1, BMP2 e ALP. Os dois cimentos biocerâmicos exibiram propriedades biológicas semelhantes, demonstrando citocompatibilidade, promoção da cicatrização de feridas e regulação positiva de genes relacionados à formação óssea em células osteoblásticas. Embora ambos exibem citocompatibilidade e regulação positiva de genes relacionados aos ossos, a genotoxicidade observada enfatiza a necessidade de consideração cautelosa em aplicações clínicas, exigindo mais investigações para garantir sua segurança e eficácia em procedimentos relacionados aos ossos. BioC Bio C BCS -BCS EBCS osteoblástica MCT MC T MC3T MTT BMP1 BMP RTqPCR. RTqPCR RT qPCR. qPCR RT-qPCR arranhão fatores α=0,05. α005 α α=0,05 . 0 05 (α=0,05) momentos citotóxicos Entretanto p<0,05 p005 p (p<0,05 semelhantes ossos clínicas α00 α=0,0 (α=0,05 p<0,0 p00 (p<0,0 α0 α=0, (α=0,0 p<0, p0 (p<0, α=0 (α=0, p<0 (p<0 α= (α=0 p< (p< (α= (p (α

Abstract This study aimed to assess the biological properties of two ready-to-use bioceramic sealers (EndoSequence BC Sealer - EBCS; Bio-C Sealer - BCS) on osteoblastic lineage cells. MC3T3 osteoblast-like cells were exposed to extracts of bioceramic materials. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using the MTT method, genotoxicity was assessed by the micronucleus test and the expression of BMP1, BMP2 and ALP was measured by RT-qPCR, after 1, 3 and 7 days. Wound healing was monitored at 1, 2 and 3-day intervals using the scratch test. Statistical analysis involved a two-factor ANOVA, followed by the Tukey Test for multiple comparisons (α=0.05). Cytotoxicity assessment revealed no significant differences between the materials and the control group at any of the time points, indicating that neither material exhibited cytotoxic effects. However, both cements induced greater micronuclei formation compared to the control on days 1 and 7 (p<0.05) when evaluating genotoxicity. No significant differences between the groups were observed in wound healing at any of the time intervals. Both biomaterials upregulated the expression of BMP1, BMP2 and ALP. The two bioceramic sealers exhibited comparable biological properties, including cytocompatibility, promotion of wound healing, and upregulation of bone formation-related genes in osteoblast-like cells. While these results suggest the potential for safe clinical application, the observed genotoxicity warrants caution. Therefore, while the null hypothesis-that the two bioceramic sealers exhibit analogous properties-was accepted in terms of cytocompatibility and gene expression, further investigation is essential to fully ensure their safety and efficacy in bone-related procedures. readytouse ready use EndoSequence EBCS BioC Bio C BCS MCT MC T MC3T osteoblastlike osteoblast like method BMP1 BMP RTqPCR, RTqPCR RT qPCR, qPCR RT-qPCR 3day day twofactor factor ANOVA α=0.05. α005 α α=0.05 . 0 05 (α=0.05) points effects However p<0.05 p005 p (p<0.05 formationrelated related application caution Therefore hypothesisthat hypothesis propertieswas bonerelated procedures α00 α=0.0 (α=0.05 p<0.0 p00 (p<0.0 α0 α=0. (α=0.0 p<0. p0 (p<0. α=0 (α=0. p<0 (p<0 α= (α=0 p< (p< (α= (p (α

RESUMO A crescente demanda industrial faz com que os povoamentos florestais e o número de áreas com plantações de eucalipto cresçam rapidamente no Brasil e no mundo. Isto tem aumentado a utilização de diferentes materiais genéticos nas áreas de cultivo, aumentando a incidência de pragas e doenças. Entre elas está a murcha causada pelo fungo Ceratocystis fimbriata, uma das doenças mais comuns nas plantações de eucalipto. Diante disto, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as respostas ecofisiológicas de mudas clonais de Eucalyptus spp. inoculadas com diferentes isolados de C. fimbriata. Os tratamentos foram LPF 1512, 1806, 1607 e 1657 dos estados de São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Bahia e Mato Grosso do Sul, respectivamente, e um controle composto por água destilada. Os isolados fúngicos foram inoculados 60 dias após o plantio das mudas. Após a inoculação, o crescimento, o gás, a temperatura da folha e a fluorescência da clorofila a foram analisados. Independentemente do isolado, a inoculação com C. fimbriata aumentou a resistência ao fluxo de água nos vasos do xilema das plantas de eucalipto, causando estresse hídrico. Isso resulta em trocas gasosas reduzidas e desempenho fotossintético comprometido, conforme evidenciado pela diminuição do fluxo de absorção por centro de reação e baixos valores de índice fotossintético. Além disso, a análise de patogenicidade fúngica indicou que o isolado LPF 1657 foi mais virulento para mudas de eucalipto, afetando diretamente a altura, assimilação fotossintética de CO2, condutância estomática e transpiração das plantas inoculadas. mundo cultivo disto spp C 1512 1806 160 165 Paulo Gerais Sul respectivamente destilada 6 crescimento gás analisados hídrico comprometido disso altura CO2 CO 151 180 16 15 18 1

ABSTRACT Ever-increasing industrial demand means that forest stands and the number of areas with Eucalyptus plantations are growing rapidly in Brazil and worldwide. This has increased the use of genetic materials, increasing the incidences of pests and diseases. Wilt is caused by the Ceratocystis fimbriata fungus, which is one of the most common diseases in Eucalyptus plantations. This study aimed to evaluate the ecophysiological responses of clonal seedlings of Eucalyptus spp. inoculated with different C. fimbriata isolates. The treatments were LPF 1512, 1806, 1607, and 1657 from the states of São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Bahia, and Mato Grosso do Sul, respectively, and a control comprising distilled water. Fungal isolates were inoculated 60 days after seedling planting. After inoculation, the growth, gas, leaf temperature, and chlorophyll a fluorescence were analyzed. Regardless of the isolate, inoculation with C. fimbriata increased water flow resistance in the xylem vessels of Eucalyptus plants, causing water stress. This results in reduced gas exchange and compromised photosynthetic performance, as evidenced by decreased absorption flux per reaction center and low photosynthetic index values. Furthermore, fungal pathogenicity analysis indicated that the LPF 1657 isolate was most virulent to Eucalyptus seedlings, directly affecting the height, photosynthetic CO2 assimilation, stomatal conductance, and transpiration of the inoculated plants. Everincreasing Ever worldwide materials fungus spp C 1512 1806 1607 165 Paulo Gerais Bahia Sul respectively 6 planting growth temperature analyzed plants stress performance values Furthermore height CO assimilation conductance 151 180 160 16 15 18 1

Abstract This is a nonclinical, controlled, and triple-blind study to investigate the effects of codeine-associated geraniol on the modulation of orofacial nociception and its potential central nervous system depressing effect in an animal model. The orofacial antinociceptive activity of geraniol in combination with codeine was assessed through the following tests: (i) formalin-induced pain, (ii) glutamate-induced pain, and (iii) capsaicin-induced pain. Six animals were equally distributed into six groups and received the following treatments, given intraperitoneally (i.p.) 30 minutes before the experiments: a) geraniol/codeine 50/30 mg/kg; b) geraniol/codeine 50/15 mg/kg; c) geraniol/codeine 50/7.5 mg/kg; d) geraniol 50 mg/kg; e) codeine 30 mg/kg (positive control); or f) 0.9% sodium chloride (negative control). We performed pain behavior analysis after the injection of formalin (20 µL, 20%), glutamate (20 µL, 25 µM), and capsaicin (20 µL, 2.5 µg) into the paranasal region. Rubbing time of the paranasal region by the hind or front paw was used as a parameter. In the neurogenic phase of the formalin test, the geraniol/codeine at 50/7.5 mg/kg was able to promote the maximum antinociceptive effect, reducing nociception by 71.9% (p < 0.0001). In the inflammatory phase of the formalin test, geraniol/codeine at 50/30 mg/kg significantly reduced orofacial nociception (p < 0.005). In the glutamate test, geraniol/codeine at 50/30 mg/kg reduced the rubbing time by 54.2% and reduced nociception in the capsaicin test by 66.7% (p < 0.005). Geraniol alone or in combination does not promote nonspecific depressing effects on the central nervous system. Based on our findings, we suggest the possible synergy between geraniol and codeine in the modulation of orofacial pain. nonclinical controlled tripleblind triple blind codeineassociated associated model tests i (i formalininduced induced ii (ii glutamateinduced iii (iii capsaicininduced treatments i.p. ip p (i.p. 3 experiments geraniolcodeine 5030 50/3 mgkg mg kg b 5015 15 50/1 c 5075 7 5 50/7. d e positive control control) f 09 0 9 0.9 negative control. . 20 (2 µL 20%, 20% , 20%) 2 µM, µM µM) 2. µg parameter 719 71 71.9 0.0001. 00001 0.0001 0001 0.0001) 0.005. 0005 0.005 005 0.005) 542 54 54.2 667 66 66.7 findings i.p (i.p 503 50/ 501 1 507 50/7 0. ( 71. 0000 0.000 000 0.00 00 54. 6 66. 0.0

Abstract Brazil is renowned for its extensive plant biodiversity, with emphasis on Cymbopogon, C. citratus and C. nardus, with broad antimicrobial potential. Candidemias caused by Candida albicans are highly prevalent in immunosuppressed individuals and are associated with infections by biofilms on medical devices. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of essential oils C. citratus and C. nardus against C. albicans in planktonic and biofilm forms. Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and chemical composition evaluated by GC-FID and GC-MS. The minimum inhibitory concentration was determined by the broth microdilution method and the synergy effect of essential oils and amphotericin B were evaluated by the checkerboard test. Biofilm activity was determined by the XTT assay. Cytotoxicity assays performed with VERO cells and molecular docking were performed to predict the effect of oil interaction on the SAP-5 enzyme site. The results showed activity of essential oils against planktonic cells and biofilm of C. albicans. Furthermore, the oils had a synergistic effect, and low cytotoxicity. Molecular docking showed interaction between Cadinene, Caryophyllen oxide, Germacrene D with SAP-5. The results indicate that Cymbopogon spp. studied are anti-Candida, with potential for further application in therapy against infections caused by C. albicans. biodiversity C devices forms GCFID GC FID GCMS. GCMS MS. MS GC-MS test assay SAP5 SAP 5 SAP- site Furthermore cytotoxicity Cadinene oxide SAP5. 5. spp antiCandida, antiCandida anti Candida, anti-Candida

Resumo Ctenocephalides felis felis é um ectoparasito de relevância, ampla distribuição geográfica, vetor de patógenos causadores de doenças e responsável por perdas econômicas relacionadas ao uso de produtos químicos que causam impacto ambiental e aparecimento de populações resistentes. Pesquisas com nematoides entomopatogênicos podem ser uma alternativa ao controle químico desse inseto. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a eficácia de Heterorhabiditis bacteriophora (HP88) em larvas de C. felis em 400 μL, 600 μL e 1000 μL de suspensão contendo 120, 160 e 200 juvenis infectantes/larva e 600 μL de suspensão contendo as mesmas concentrações de Heterorhabditis indica (LPP30), divididos em dois grupos (ausência e presença de dieta) e grupo controle com três repetições contendo apenas com água destilada. No bioensaio com H. bacteriophora observou-se que os grupos com 600 μL de suspensão apresentaram melhores percentuais de mortalidade em relação aos outros volumes testados, sendo estas acima de 80% para as três concentrações. Já H. indica apresentou percentuais de mortalidades acima de 70% para as três concentrações utilizadas. Os resultados indicam que as larvas de pulga são suscetíveis a infecção in vitro por H. bacteriophora e H. indica. relevância geográfica resistentes inseto HP88 HP (HP88 C 40 60 100 120 16 20 infectanteslarva infectantes larva LPP30, LPP30 LPP , (LPP30) ausência dieta destilada H observouse observou se testados 80 70 utilizadas HP8 (HP8 4 6 10 12 1 2 LPP3 (LPP30 8 7 (HP (LPP3 (LPP

Abstract Ctenocephalides felis felis is a relevant and widely distributed ectoparasite that acts as a vector of disease-causing pathogens. Moreover, it is responsible for economic losses due the use of harmful chemicals to the environment and that favor the emergence of insecticide-resistant populations. Research on entomopathogenic nematodes may open up an alternative route to the insect chemical control. The present study aimed to evaluate the killing efficacy of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (HP88) against C. felis larvae in 400 μL, 600 μL and 1000 μL of suspension containing 120, 160 and 200 infective juveniles/larva and 600 μL of suspension containing the same concentrations of Heterorhabditis indica (LPP30), divided into two groups (absence and presence of diet) and a control group with three replications containing only distilled water. In the bioassay with H. bacteriophora, the groups in 600 μL of suspension showed higher mortality rates than those in the other tested volumes, which were above 80% at all concentrations. On the other hand, H. indica achieved mortality rates above 70% at all concentrations used. Results indicate that flea larvae are susceptible to in vitro infection by H. bacteriophora and H. indica. diseasecausing disease causing pathogens Moreover insecticideresistant insecticide resistant populations HP88 HP (HP88 C 40 60 100 120 16 20 juvenileslarva juveniles larva LPP30, LPP30 LPP , (LPP30) absence diet water H volumes 80 hand 70 used HP8 (HP8 4 6 10 12 1 2 LPP3 (LPP30 8 7 (HP (LPP3 (LPP

Resumo O objetivo foi avaliar in vitro a citotoxicidade e genotoxicidade do Bio-C Repair (BCR), em comparação com o Endosequence BC Root Repair (ERRM), MTA Angelus (MTA-Ang) e MTA Repair HP (MTA-HP). As células osteoblásticas MC3T3 foram expostas aos extratos dos cimentos biocerâmicos reparadores. Após 1, 3 e 7 dias, a citotoxicidade e a genotoxicidade foram avaliadas pelos testes MTT e Micronúcleo, respectivamente. Células não expostas aos biomateriais foram utilizadas como controle negativo. Os dados foram comparados por ANOVA de dois fatores, seguido do Teste de Tukey (p = 5 %). MTA-Ang e MTA-HP não apresentaram diferença em relação ao controle quanto à citotoxicidade em nenhum dos tempos experimentais. BCR e ERRM reduziram a viabilidade celular após 3 e 7 dias (p < 0,05); no entanto, a redução causada pelo BCR foi menor que aquela causada pelo ERRM. Todos os biomateriais causaram aumento na formação de micronúcleos após 3 e 7 dias (p < 0,05), sendo maior para os grupos BCR e ERRM. O BCR não é citotóxico em células osteoblásticas, assim como cimentos MTA-Ang e MTA Repair HP. BCR e ERRM apresentaram maior genotoxicidade do que outros biomateriais testados. BioC Bio C BCR, , (BCR) ERRM, (ERRM) MTAAng Ang (MTA-Ang MTAHP. MTAHP . (MTA-HP) MCT MC T MC3T reparadores 1 Micronúcleo respectivamente negativo fatores p %. % %) experimentais 0,05 005 0 05 0,05) entanto 0,05, testados (BCR (ERRM (MTA-HP 0,0 00 0,

Abstract The aim was to evaluate in vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of Bio-C Repair (BCR), compared to Endosequence BC Root Repair (ERRM), MTA Angelus (MTA-Ang), and MTA Repair HP (MTA-HP). MC3T3 osteoblastic cells were exposed to extracts of the repairing bioceramic cements. After 1, 3, and 7 days, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity were evaluated by MTT and Micronucleus tests, respectively. Cells not exposed to biomaterials were used as a negative control. Data were compared using ANOVA two-way, followed by the Tukey Test (α=5%). MTA-Ang and MTA-HP showed no difference in relation to control regarding cytotoxicity in any experimental times. BCR and ERRM reduced cell viability after 3 and 7 days (p<0.05); however, the reduction caused by BCR was less than that caused by ERRM. Considering the micronucleus formation, all biomaterials caused an increase after 3 and 7 days (p<0.05), being greater for the BCR and ERRM groups. It can be concluded that BCR is non-cytotoxic in osteoblastic cells, as well as MTA-Ang e MTA Repair HP. BCR and ERRM showed greater genotoxicity than others tested biomaterials. BioC Bio C BCR, , (BCR) ERRM, (ERRM) MTAAng, MTAAng Ang (MTA-Ang) MTAHP. MTAHP . (MTA-HP) MCT MC T MC3T cements 1 tests respectively twoway, twoway two way, way two-way α=5%. α5 α α=5% 5 (α=5%) times p<0.05 p005 p 0 05 (p<0.05) however formation p<0.05, groups noncytotoxic non cytotoxic (BCR (ERRM (MTA-Ang (MTA-HP α=5 (α=5% p<0.0 p00 (p<0.05 α= (α=5 p<0. p0 (p<0.0 (α= p<0 (p<0. (α p< (p<0 (p< (p

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of gamma irradiation (GI) on the physicochemical, technological, antioxidant and microbiological characteristics of different whole sorghum flours (WSF), as well as to characterize the profile of chemical constituents by paper spray mass spectrometry (PS-MS). The doses applied interfered in the staining characteristics of the evaluated flours, providing the darkening of the same. For the other physicochemical, technological, and antioxidant parameters, no significant influence of the process was observed. The fingerprint obtained in both ionization modes had not been influenced by irradiation, being flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, amino acids, benzoic acid derivatives, carboxylic acids, and sugars tentatively identified. In microbiological terms, there was a reduction of molds, yeasts, and Bacillus cereus in irradiated WSF compared to control (non-irradiated). Therefore, the application of low doses of gamma irradiation represents an advantageous alternative for the conservation of WSF and maintenance of bioactive compounds identified by the PS-MS technique. GI (GI physicochemical technological WSF, , (WSF) PSMS. PSMS PS MS . (PS-MS) same parameters observed flavonoids phenylpropanoids acids derivatives terms molds yeasts nonirradiated. nonirradiated non (non-irradiated) Therefore technique (WSF (PS-MS (non-irradiated

Resumo O amadurecimento de frutos promovido pela aplicação exógena de análogos de etileno, como o carbureto de cálcio, tem vantagens comerciais. Assim, o conhecimento das respostas de frutos tratados com agentes indutores de etileno é essencial para otimizar o uso dessas substâncias. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência da exposição ao carbureto de cálcio na antecipação e na padronização do amadurecimento pós-colheita de frutos de cajá-manga. Frutos fisiologicamente maduros foram expostos ao carbureto de cálcio nas concentrações de 0; 20; 40; 80 e 110 g m-3 por 24 horas. Os frutos foram armazenados a uma temperatura de 28±2 °C e avaliados aos 0; 2; 4 e 6 dias quanto à perda de massa fresca, cor da epiderme e polpa dada pelo espaço de cor CIELAB, acidez titulável, teor de sólidos solúveis, relação entre o teor de sólidos solúveis e a acidez titulável, e teor de vitamina C. Frutos de cajá-manga tratados com diferentes concentrações de carbureto de cálcio tiveram seu amadurecimento antecipado sem comprometer suas características. As concentrações de 20; 40 e 80 g m-3 de carbureto de cálcio permitiram a antecipação e a padronização do amadurecimento dos frutos em quatro dias, durante o armazenamento, Enquanto para a maior concentração (110 g m-3), a maturação completa foi acelerada, ocorrendo entre dois e quatro dias de armazenamento. comerciais Assim substâncias póscolheita pós colheita cajámanga. cajámanga cajá manga. manga 0 20 8 11 m3 m 3 m- 2 horas 282 28 28± C fresca CIELAB titulável características armazenamento (11 m3, , m-3) acelerada 1 (1 (

Abstract Fruit ripening promoted by the exogenous application of ethylene analogs, such as calcium carbide, has commercial advantages. Thus, the knowledge of the responses of fruits treated with ethylene-inducing agents is essential to optimize the use of these substances. This work aimed to evaluate the influence of exposure to calcium carbide on the anticipation and standardization of postharvest ripening of cajá-manga fruits. Physiologically mature fruits were exposed to calcium carbide for 24 hours at concentrations 0, 20, 40, 80, and 110 g m-3. The fruits were stored at a temperature of 28±2 °C and evaluated at 0, 2, 4, and 6 days for the loss of fresh mass, color of the epidermis and pulp given by the CIELAB color space, titratable acidity, soluble solids content, the ratio between soluble solids content and titratable acidity, and vitamin C content. Cajá-manga fruits treated with different concentrations of calcium carbide had their ripening anticipated without compromising their characteristics. The concentrations of 20, 40, and 80 g m-3 of calcium carbide allowed the anticipation and standardization of fruit ripening within four days during storage, while for the highest concentration (110 g m-3), complete maturation was accelerated, occurring between two and four days of storage. analogs advantages Thus ethyleneinducing inducing substances cajámanga cajá manga 2 0 20 40 11 m3. m3 m 3. 3 282 28 28± 4 mass space acidity Cajámanga Cajá characteristics 8 m- storage (11 m3, , m-3) accelerated 1 (1 (

BACKGROUND The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants can infect common mice inducing significant pathological lung lesions and inflammatory responses. This substantially mimics coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) infection and pathogenesis in humans. OBJECTIVES To characterise the effects of recombinant SARS-CoV-2 S1 receptor-binding domain (RBD) peptide in murine macrophage and microglial cells’ immune activation compared with classical PAMPs in vitro. METHODS Murine RAW 264.7 macrophages and BV2 microglial cells were exposed to increasing concentrations of the RBD peptide (0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 µg/mL), Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and Poly(I:C) and evaluated after two and 24 h for significant markers of macrophage activation. We determined the effects of RBD peptide on cell viability, cleaved caspase 3 expressions, and nuclear morphometry analysis. FINDINGS In RAW cells, RBD peptide was cytotoxic, but not for BV2 cells. RAW cells presented increased arginase activity and IL-10 production; however, BV2 cells expressed iNOS and IL-6 after RBD peptide exposure. In addition, RAW cells increased cleaved-caspase-3, apoptosis, and mitotic catastrophe after RBD peptide stimulation but not BV2 cells. CONCLUSION RBD peptide exposure has different effects depending on the cell line, exposure time, and concentration. This study brings new evidence about the immunogenic profile of RBD in macrophage and microglial cells, advancing the understanding of SARS-Cov2 immuno- and neuropathology. SARSCoV2 SARSCoV SARS CoV (SARS-CoV-2 responses 1 COVID19 COVID (COVID-19 humans SARS-CoV- S receptorbinding receptor binding (RBD vitro 2647 264 7 264. BV 0.01, 001 0 01 (0.01 005 05 0.05 0. µg/mL, µgmL µg/mL , µg mL µg/mL) LPS (LPS PolyIC Poly I C Poly(I:C viability expressions analysis cytotoxic IL10 IL 10 IL-1 production however IL6 6 IL- addition cleavedcaspase3, cleavedcaspase3 cleavedcaspase 3, cleaved-caspase-3 apoptosis line time concentration SARSCov2 SARSCov Cov2 Cov SARS-Cov immuno neuropathology (SARS-CoV- COVID1 (COVID-1 SARS-CoV 26 0.01 00 (0.0 0.0 IL1 cleaved-caspase- (SARS-CoV (COVID- (0. cleaved-caspase (COVID (0 (

Resumen La resolución se refiere a la capacidad de resolver problemas de salud en los servicios. En 1999, el Subsistema de Atención de Salud Indígena se integró en el Sistema Único de Salud de Brasil, siguiendo sus principios y directrices. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar y mapear los desafíos o problemas relacionados con las prácticas de salud para resolver en el Subsistema de Salud Indígena después de la integración. Esta es una revisión de alcance que utilizó seis bases de datos nacionales e internacionales. Los estudios elegibles se basaron en PCC mnemónicos (P: población indígena; C: desafíos o problemas para la resolución; C: subsistema de salud indígena brasileño). Se encontraron 1.748 estudios y se seleccionaron 33, con predominio de estudios cualitativos. Los desafíos o problemas que son sensibles al proceso de resolución se encontraron en los aspectos que están relacionados con la educación en salud, la interculturalidad, el acceso universal y los recursos de gestión. El conocimiento tradicional es subestimado por el sistema de salud. La deficiencia de recursos humanos y materiales, la falta de educación permanente efectiva y de capacitaciones para trabajar en el contexto intercultural, producen barreras para acceder y comprometer la solubilidad en los servicios, aumentando así las desigualdades en salud. servicios 1999 Brasil directrices integración internacionales P (P C brasileño. brasileño . brasileño) 1748 1 748 1.74 33 cualitativos interculturalidad gestión materiales intercultural 199 174 74 1.7 3 19 17 7 1.

Resumo A resolutividade relaciona-se à capacidade de solução dos problemas de saúde nos serviços. Em 1999, o Subsistema de Atenção à Saúde Indígena foi integrado ao Sistema Único de Saúde no Brasil, passando a seguir os seus princípios e diretrizes. Este estudo teve por objetivo identificar e mapear os desafios ou problemas relacionados às práticas em saúde para a resolutividade no Subsistema de Saúde Indígena após a integração. Trata-se de uma revisão de escopo que utilizou seis bases de dados nacionais e internacionais. Os estudos elegíveis tiveram como critério base o mnemônico PCC (P: população indígena; C: desafios ou problemas para a resolutividade; C: subsistema de saúde indígena brasileiro). Foram encontrados 1.748 estudos e selecionados 33, com predomínio de estudos qualitativos. Os desafios ou problemas sensíveis para o processo da resolutividade foram encontrados nos aspectos que tangem à educação em saúde, à interculturalidade, ao acesso universal e aos recursos em gestão. O saber tradicional é pouco valorizado pelo sistema de saúde. A deficiência de recursos humanos e materiais, a falta de efetiva educação permanente e de capacitações para trabalhar no contexto intercultural produzem barreiras de acesso e comprometem a resolutividade nos serviços, aumentando assim as iniquidades em saúde. relacionase relaciona se serviços 1999 Brasil diretrizes integração Tratase Trata internacionais P (P C brasileiro. brasileiro . brasileiro) 1748 1 748 1.74 33 qualitativos interculturalidade gestão materiais 199 174 74 1.7 3 19 17 7 1.

Abstract Resolubility relates to the ability to solve health problems in services. In 1999, the Indigenous Health Care Subsystem was integrated into the Brazilian Unified Health System, following its principles and guidelines. The objective of this study was to identify and map the challenges or problems related to health practices for solving in the Indigenous Health Subsystem after integration. This is a scope review that used six national and international databases. Eligible studies were based on mnemonic PCC (P: indigenous population; C: challenges or problems for resolution; C: Brazilian indigenous health subsystem). A total of 1,748 studies were found and 33 were selected, with predominance of qualitative studies. The challenges or problems that are sensitive to the resolution process were found in the aspects that are related to health education, interculturality, universal access and management resources. Traditional knowledge is underrated by the health system. The deficiency of human and material resources, the lack of effective permanent education and capacitations to work in the intercultural context, produce barriers to access and compromise the resolubility in services, thus increasing the inequities in health. services 1999 System guidelines integration databases P (P population C subsystem. subsystem . subsystem) 1748 1 748 1,74 3 selected interculturality resources system context 199 174 74 1,7 19 17 7 1,

Abstract Objective: To analyze the effect of noise on electrophysiological measurements (P1-N1-P2 complex) of cortical auditory evoked potentials in normal hearing individuals of different ages. Methods: The inclusion criteria for the study were young individuals, adults and elderly, aged 18–75 years, with auditory thresholds up to 25 dB. Participants were separated according to their age group: G1 (18–25 years old), G2 (31–59 years old) and G3 (60–75 years old). Cortical auditory evoked potentials were elicited with synthetic speech stimulus /da/ presented in two conditions: without masking and with masking (Delta-t 64ms). The results were expressed and analyzed using statistical measures. Results: High latencies and reduced amplitudes were observed in the Delta-t 64 ms condition, in all age groups. There were significant differences between the groups, both in P1 latencies for the two conditions and in N1 latencies in the Delta-t 64 ms condition. P1 latencies in the condition without masking were lower in G1 and P1 and N1 latencies in the Delta-t 64 ms condition were higher in G3. The described results show the influence of noise on cortical responses in all age groups, with G3 being the most affected by the masking presentation. Conclusion: The latency and amplitude measurements vary according to the stimulus presentation condition and age group. The forward masking phenomenon occurred with greater precision in G3. Level of evidence: (2c). Objective P1N1P2 PNP P2 P N (P1-N1-P complex ages Methods elderly 1875 18 75 18–7 2 dB group G 18–25 1825 (18–2 old, old , 31–59 3159 31 59 (31–5 60–75 6075 60 (60–7 old. . da /da Deltat Delta t 64ms. 64ms 64ms) measures Results 6 groups Conclusion evidence 2c. 2c c (2c) P1N1P 187 1 7 18– 18–2 182 (18– 31–5 315 3 5 (31– 60–7 607 (60– (2c (18 31– (31 60– (60 (1 (3 (6 (