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ABSTRACT This study aimed to provide further insight into the evolutionary dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 by analyzing the case of a 40-year-old man who had previously undergone autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation due to a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. He developed a persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection lasting at least 218 days and did not manifest a humoral immune response to the virus during this follow-up period. Whole-genome sequencing and viral cultures confirmed a persistent infection with a replication-positive virus that had undergone genetic variation for at least 196 days after symptom onset. SARSCoV2 SARSCoV SARS CoV 2 SARS-CoV- 40yearold yearold 40 year old Bcell B lymphoma 21 followup follow up period Wholegenome Whole genome replicationpositive replication positive 19 onset SARS-CoV 4 1

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202466028

Characterization of insect-specific Culex flavivirus (Flaviviridae) nucleotide sequences in mosquitoes from urban parks in São Paulo, Brazil
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Coletti, Thaís de Moura

; Romano, Camila Malta

; Urbinatti, Paulo Roberto

; Teixeira, Renildo Souza

; Pedrosa, Leila Weiss de Almeida

; Nardi, Marcello Schiavo

; Natal, Delsio

; Costa, Antônio Charlys da

; Jesus, Jaqueline Goes de

; Claro, Ingra Morales

; Sabino, Ester Cerdeira

; Witkin, Steven S.

; Marrelli, Mauro Toledo

; Fernandes, Licia Natal

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2022, Volume 55 elocation e0067-2022

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: Despite their worldwide occurrence, the distribution and role of insect-specific flaviviruses (ISFs) remain unclear. Methods: We evaluated the presence of ISFs in mosquitoes collected in São Paulo, Brazil, using reverse transcription and semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Some of the positive samples were subjected to nanopore sequencing. Results: Twelve mosquito pools (2.8%) tested positive for flavivirus infection. Nanopore sequencing was successfully performed on six samples. Phylogenetic analysis grouped these sequences into genotype 2 of Culex flavivirus (CxFV). Conclusions: The identification of CxFV genotype 2 at new locations in São Paulo highlights the importance of understanding the role of ISFs in mosquito vector competence.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0067-2022

First case report of monkeypox in Brazil: clinical manifestations and differential diagnosis with sexually transmitted infections
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Lima, Evelyn Lepka de

; Barra, Luiz Alberto Costa

; Borges, Luciana Marques Sansão

; Medeiros, Lucas Alberto

; Tomishige, Marcia Y. S.

; Santos, Lucas de Souza Loureiro Abbud

; Silva, Anderson José Dias da

; Rodrigues, Camila Cristina Martini

; Azevedo, Luiz Cesar Fernandes de

; Villas-Boas, Lucy Santos

; Silva, Camila Alves Maia da

; Coletti, Thaís Moura

; Manuli, Erika R.

; Claro, Ingra Morales

; Romano, Camila Malta

; Ramundo, Mariana Severo

; Moutinho, Tomas

; Sabino, Ester Cerdeira

; Lindoso, José Angelo Lauletta

; Figueiredo-Mello, Claudia

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2022, Volume 64 elocation e54

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT In 2022, an outbreak of monkeypox is being reported in non-endemic areas, with unusual clinical manifestations. The detailed clinical description of the first patient that received the diagnosis of monkeypox in Brazil is reported here, whose clinical manifestations can easily lead to misdiagnosis of sexually transmitted infections. A 41 years old male presented to an emergency room with a vesicular rash with eight days of evolution. He had traveled to Portugal and Spain and reported non-penetrative sexual involvement with three different male individuals. On the third day of symptoms, he sought medical care and received empirical treatment directed to sexually transmitted infections. As the symptoms did not improve, he sought medical attention at an infectious disease referral center presenting, on admission, an ulcerated penile lesion with central necrotic crusts, a disseminated pleomorphic skin rash and an oropharyngeal ulcer. The monkeypox diagnosis was suspected due to the characteristics of the lesions and the history of intimate contact with casual partners, and it was later confirmed by sequencing the almost complete monkeypox genome. The patient was hospitalized for pain control, which required opiate administration. He developed a secondary bacterial infection on the penile lesions, which were treated with oral antibiotics. He was discharged after 14 days, with lesions in process of re-epithelialization. Given the current outbreak, we must consider the possibility of monkeypox in patients with suggestive lesions, anywhere on the body (including the genitals), added to an epidemiological link or history of intimate contact with strangers or casual partners.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202264054

Destruction of Schistosoma mansoni sporocysts in Biomphalaria glabrata after phytochemical exposure
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FRIANI, GABRIELA

; COSTA, VALDIR A.

; MOTA, ESTER

; FARO, MARTA JÚLIA

; SOUZA, SAMALY

; FIGUEIREDO, MARCELA

; GÔLO, PATRÍCIA S.

; MELLO-SILVA, CLÉLIA CHRISTINA

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 N. 2 elocation e20190676

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease and affects over 200 million people worldwide. The snail Biomphalaria glabrata is one of the intermediate hosts of S. mansoni. The aim of this work was to verify the action of Euphorbia milii var. hislopii latex in the hemocytes profile and histopathology of B. glabrata infected by S. mansoni. Uninfected and infected snails were exposed to sublethal concentration of E. milii latex for 24 hours (1.0 mg/L). The survival rate was 88.5% for the uninfected snails and 66.6% for the infected and exposed snails. In the snails infected by S. mansoni, the exposure to E. milii latex promoted proliferation of hemocytes in the tentacles, mantle, digestive gland and kidney. In the digestive gland and the kidney, granulomatous reactions occurred around the sporocysts and caused their destruction. The number of circulating hemocytes from the group infected and exposed to E. milii latex was significantly higher than in the other groups. Three types of hemocytes were found: hyalinocytes, granulocytes and blast-like cells. We conclude that the E. milii latex influenced the cellular immune response of the susceptible B. glabrata strain to infection by S. mansoni, promoting the destruction of parasites.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220200620

Shotgun metagenomic sequencing of the first case of monkeypox virus in Brazil, 2022
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Claro, Ingra Morales

; Romano, Camila Malta

; Candido, Darlan da Silva

; Lima, Evelyn Lepka de

; Lindoso, José Angelo Lauletta

; Ramundo, Mariana Severo

; Moreira, Filipe Romero Rebello

; Barra, Luiz Alberto Costa

; Borges, Luciana Marques Sansão

; Medeiros, Lucas Alberto

; Tomishige, Marcia Y. S.

; Moutinho, Tomas

; Silva, Anderson José Dias da

; Rodrigues, Camila Cristina Martini

; Azevedo, Luiz Cesar Fernandes de

; Villas-Boas, Lucy Santos

; Silva, Camila Alves Maia da

; Coletti, Thaís Moura

; Manuli, Erika R.

; O’Toole, Aine

; Quick, Joshua

; Loman, Nicholas

; Rambaut, Andrew

; Faria, Nuno R.

; Figueiredo-Mello, Claudia

; Sabino, Ester Cerdeira

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2022, Volume 64 elocation e48

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Monkeypox virus (MPXV), a zoonotic virus endemic to the African continent, has been reported in 33 non-endemic countries since May 2022. We report an almost complete genome of the first confirmed case of MPXV in Brazil. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was completed in 18 hours, from DNA extraction to consensus sequence generation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202264048

Microstructure and morphology of mechanically sulfated acid catalysts of α-Al2O3
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Costa, T. K. Oliveira

; Santos, S. B. F.

; Silva, C. B.

; Barros Neto, E. L. de

; Pereira, C. G.

; Freitas, N. L. de

Cerâmica

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sep 2021, Volume 67 N. 383 Pages 308 - 315

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract This work reports the evaluation of the microstructure, morphology, and catalytic behavior of α-Al2O3 synthesized via combustion method for esterification reaction of oleic acid in soybean oil with ethanol to produce biodiesel. The reaction was evaluated with 2 wt% of catalyst at 160 °C for 3 h when the molar ratio of fatty acid:ethanol was 1:12. To enhance the catalytic performance of α-Al2O3, its sulfation was done by a different method using mechanical milling. The microcatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourie transform infrared spectroscopy, granulometric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. Results showed α-Al2O3 as the major phase, presence of SO4 2- groups, the contribution of the sulfation process to morphology with reduction of agglomerates, and particle size from 18.98 to 15.30 mm. The yield of ester was enhanced from 80% (α-Al2O3 as a catalyst) to 93% (SO4 2-/α-Al2O3 as a catalyst), which showed the milling as a fast method for synthesis of a highly efficient acid catalyst to produce biodiesel.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132021673833017 59 downloads

SARS-CoV-2 reinfection caused by the P.1 lineage in Araraquara city, Sao Paulo State, Brazil
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Romano, Camila Malta

; Felix, Alvina Clara

; Paula, Anderson Vicente de

; Jesus, Jaqueline Góes de

; Andrade, Pamela S.

; Cândido, Darlan

; Oliveira, Franciane M. de

; Ribeiro, Andreia C.

; Silva, Francini C. da

; Inemami, Marta

; Costa, Angela Aparecida

; Leal, Cibele O. D.

; Figueiredo, Walter Manso

; Pannuti, Claudio Sergio

; Souza, William M. de

; Faria, Nuno Rodrigues

; Sabino, Ester Cerdeira

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2021, Volume 63 elocation e36

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Reinfection by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-COV-2) has been reported in many countries, suggesting that the virus may continue to circulate among humans despite the possibility of local herd immunity due to massive previous infections. The emergence of variants of concern (VOC) that are more transmissible than the previous circulating ones has raised particular concerns on the vaccines effectiveness and reinfection rates. The P.1 lineage was first identified in December 2020 in Manaus city and is now globally spread. We report the first case of reinfection of SARS-CoV-2 caused by the P.1 variant outside of Manaus. The potential of these new variants to escape naturally and vaccine- induced immunity highlights the need for a global vigilance.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202163036 1125 downloads

Genomic constellation of human Rotavirus A strains identified in Northern Brazil: a 6-year follow-up (2010-2016)
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Silva-Sales, Marcelle

; Leal, Elcio

; Milagres, Flavio Augusto de Pádua

; Brustulin, Rafael

; Morais, Vanessa dos Santos

; Marcatti, Roberta

; Araújo, Emerson Luiz Lima

; Witkin, Steven S.

; Deng, Xutao

; Sabino, Ester Cerdeira

; Delwart, Eric

; Luchs, Adriana

; Costa, Antonio Charlys da

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2020, Volume 62 elocation e98

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Surveillance of Rotavirus A (RVA) throughout the national territory is important to establish a more complete epidemiological-molecular scenario of this virus circulation in Brazil. The aim of the present study was to investigate the genetic diversity of RVA strains circulating in Tocantins State (Northern Brazil) during six years of post-vaccination follow-up (2010-2016). A total of 248 stool samples were screened by next generation sequencing and 107 (43.1%) nearly full length RVA genome sequences were obtained; one sample was co-infected with two RVA strains (G2/G8P[4]). Six G and P genotypes combinations were detected: G12P[8] strains (78.6%), as well as the G3P[8] (9.3%) and G1P[8] (0.9%) were associated with a Wa-like genogroup backbone. All G2P[4] (5.6%) and G8P[4] (2.8%) strains, including the mixed G2/G8P[4] infection (0.9%) showed the DS-1-like genetic background. The two G12P[4] strains (1.9%) were associated with distinct genetic backbones: Wa-like and DS-1-like. The phylogenetic analysis revealed the circulation of lineages G1-I, G2-IV, G3-III, G8-I and G12-III, and P[4]-V and P[8]-III of the VP7 and VP4 genes, respectively. Conserved clustering pattern and low genetic diversity were observed regarding VP1-VP3 and VP6, as well as NSP1-5 segments. We identified the same RVA circulation pattern reported in other Brazilian regions in the period of 2010-2016, suggesting that rural and low-income areas may not have a different RVA genotypic distribution compared to other parts of the country. The unique presentation of whole-genome data of RVA strains detected in the Tocantins State provides a baseline for monitoring variations in the genetic composition of RVA in this area.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202062098 434 downloads

Screening for primary aldosteronism in an argentinian population: a multicenter prospective study
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Leal Reyna, Mariela

; Gómez, Reynaldo M.

; Lupi, Susana N.

; Belli, Susana H.

; Fenili, Cecilia A.

; Martínez, Marcela S.

; Ruibal, Gabriela F.

; Rossi, María A

; Chervin, Raúl A

; Cornaló, Dora

; Contreras, Liliana N.

; Costa, Liliana

; Nofal, María T.

; Damilano, Sergio A.

; Pardes, Ester M.

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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oct 2015, Volume 59 N. 5 Pages 441 - 447

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Objectives Primary aldosteronism (PA) is characterized by the autonomous overproduction of aldosterone. Its prevalence has increased since the use of the aldosterone (ALD)/plasma renin activity (PRA) ratio (ARR). The objective of this study is to determine ARR and ARC (ALD/plasma renin concentration ratio) cut-off values (COV) and their diagnostic concordance (DC%) in the screening for PA in an Argentinian population.Design multicenter prospective study.Subjects and methods We studied 353 subjects (104 controls and 249 hypertensive patients). Serum aldosterone, PRA and ARR were determined. In 220 randomly selected subjects, 160 hypertensive patients and 60 controls, plasma renin concentration (PRC) was simultaneously measured and ARC was determined.Results According to the 95th percentile of controls, we determined a COV of 36 for ARR and 2.39 for ARC, with ALD ≥ 15 ng/dL. In 31/249 hypertensive patients, ARR was ≥ 36. PA diagnosis was established in 8/31 patients (23/31 patients did not complete confirmatory tests). DC% between ARR and ARC was calculated. A significant correlation between ARR and ARC (r = 0.742; p < 0.0001) was found only with PRA > 0.3 ng/mL/h and PRC > 5 pg/mL. DC% for ARR and ARC above or below 36 and 2.39 was 79.1%, respectively.Conclusion This first Argentinian multicenter study determined a COV of 36 for ARR and 2.39 for ARC. Applying an ARR ≥ 36 in the hypertensive group, we confirmed PA in a higher percentage of patients than the previously reported one in our population. As for ARC, further studies are needed for its clinical application, since DC% is acceptable only for medium range renin values.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2359-3997000000075 3754 downloads

10.

Comparative biology and growth rate of the mites Mononychellus tanajoa and Euseius ho (Acari)on cassava
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RÊGO, ADRIANO S

; S. MACIEL, ANILDE G

; COSTA, ÉVILA C

; SILVA, ESTER A

; TEODORO, ADENIR V

Revista Colombiana de Entomología

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dec 2012, Volume 38 N. 2 Pages 243 - 246

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

El ácaro verde Mononychellus tanajoa es una plaga importante de la yuca Manihot esculenta (Euphorbiaceae) en el nordeste del estado de Maranhão, Brasil. Los ácaros depredadores de la familia Phytoseiidae, son enemigos naturales clave de los ácaros plaga y se encuentran en plantas de yuca. Se compararon algunos de los aspectos biológicos y la tasa de crecimiento de M. tanajoa y Euseius ho, el ácaro depredador, generalista fitoseideo, más abundante en las plantas de yuca en la región de estudio. Todos los experimentos se llevaron a cabo en laboratorio en discos de hojas de yuca. El ácaro depredador se alimentó en todas las etapas de desarrollo con M. tanajoa. Euseius ho tuvo menores períodos de huevo, larva, protoninfa y deutoninfa, así como de huevo a adulto comparado con M. tanajoa. Además, el ácaro depredador E. ho presentó una alta tasa instantánea de crecimiento (r i) aunque inferior a la observada a su presa, el ácaro verde de la yuca M. tanajoa. Los resultados de laboratorio indican que el ácaro depredador E. ho puede contribuir a regular las poblaciones de M. tanajoa en el campo.

The cassava green mite, Mononychellus tanajoa, is an important pest of cassava, Manihot esculenta (Euphorbiaceae), in the northeastern state of Maranhão, Brazil. Predatory mites of the family Phytoseiidae are key natural enemies of pest mites and are found inhabiting cassava plants. We compared some biological aspects and the growth rate of M. tanajoa and the generalist phytoseiid Euseius ho - the most abundant predatory mite inhabiting cassava plants in the study region. All experiments were conducted in the laboratory on leaf discs of cassava leaves. The predatory mite was fed in all developmental stages with M. tanajoa. Euseius ho had lower periods of egg, larva, protonymph and deutonymph developmental periods, as well as the period from egg to adult compared to M. tanajoa. Furthermore, the predatory mite E. ho had a high instantaneous rate of increase (r i), yet lower than that observed for its prey, the cassava green mite M. tanajoa. The laboratory results suggest that the predatory mite E. ho may contribute to regulate populations of M. tanajoa in the field.

1635 downloads

11.

Oncocalyxone A: electrochemical, spectroscopic investigation and studies of its interaction with DNA, nucleobases and N-acetylcysteine
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Costa, Cicero de O.

; Costa, Erivaldo de O.

; Ferreira, Fabrícia da R.

; Viana, Luciana da S.

; Silva, Leonardo V. da

; Silva, Francisco de A. dos Santos

; Abreu, Fabiane C. de

; Figueiredo, Isis M.

; Pinho Jr., Waldomiro

; Bento, Edson de S.

; Lemos, Telma L. G.

; Pessoa, Otília D. L.

; Aguilera-Venegas, Benjamin

; Norambuena, Ester

; Olea-Azar, Claudio

; Goulart, Marília O. F.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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jun 2012, Volume 23 N. 6 Pages 1174 - 1185

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A formação de espécies paramagnéticas a partir da oncocalixona A em meio aprótico foi confirmada pela realização de experimentos eletroquímicos in situ em conjunto com ressonância de spin eletrônico (E-ESR). A alta deslocalização do radical gerado no primeiro potencial de redução está claramente evidenciada pelo acoplamento hiperfino do H-9 com a maior constante de acoplamento, além dos acoplamentos nas posições H-3 (próximo à quinona) e H-7 (distante do núcleo quinônico). Em meio prótico, além dos experimentos de dependência com o pH, oncocalixona A mostrou-se DNA-reativa por meio de experimentos eletroquímicos com sensores de DNA. Sua reação com N-acetilcisteína, com caracterização estrutural dos produtos de adição, evidencia sua habilidade como aceptor de Michael. Ambos os aspectos são importantes em termos de atividades biológicas/farmacológicas e indicam os presentes modelos como ferramentas importantes na avaliação de compostos biologicamente ativos.

The formation of paramagnetic species from oncocalyxone A in aprotic medium was confirmed by performing in situ electrochemical-electron spin resonance (E-ESR) experiments. The high delocalization of the radical generated at the first reduction potential is clearly evidenced by the hyperfine coupling of H-9 with the larger coupling constant, besides the couplings at the H-3 (close to quinone) and H-7 (far from the quinone nucleus) positions. In protic medium, together with pH dependence experiments, oncocalyxone A showed to be DNA-reactive through experiments with DNA sensors. Its reaction with N-acetylcysteine, with structural characterization of the addition products, proved its ability as Michael acceptor. Both aspects are important in terms of biological/pharmacological activities and indicate the present models as important tools in the screening of biologically active compounds.

2519 downloads

12.

Percepção dos efeitos do trabalho em turnos sobre a saúde e a vida social em funcionários da enfermagem em um hospital universitário do Estado de São Paulo
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Costa, Ester de S.

; Morita, Ione

; Martinez, Miguel A. R.

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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jun 2000, Volume 16 N. 2 Pages 553 - 555

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O trabalho em turnos existe desde o início da vida social dos homens, sendo utilizado em diferentes setores, como na indústria de produção de bens de consumo e de serviços. A área da saúde exige o sistema em turnos para manutenção de atividades durante 24 horas. Teve-se como objetivo identificar os sistemas de turnos em funcionários de enfermagem em um hospital universitário, avaliar a percepção sobre os prováveis efeitos do trabalho em turnos em sua saúde e vida social e o grau de participação desses funcionários na forma de organização de sua jornada. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva e exploratória, cujos resultados foram obtidos mediante questionário aplicado a 348 funcionários da enfermagem do Hospital de Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, São Paulo. Dentre os resultados, observou-se que, em sua maioria, eles tinham menos de 40 anos, eram casados, do sexo feminino, com um filho pelo menos, cumprindo uma escala de turnos alternados, com freqüência de revezamento superior a quinze dias e referindo queixas de caráter neuro-psíquico, gastrintestinal e cardiovascular. Houve ainda queixas sobre relacionamento e tempo de convivência. Na maioria das vezes, era pouca a participação do funcionário na forma de organização de sua escala de trabalho.

There is a relationship between shift work and the beginning of organized life. Health services require shift work to keep activities running twenty-four hours a day. This study thus aimed to identify nursing staff shift work systems in a university hospital, evaluate health workers' perceptions of the possible effects of shift work on their health and social life, and assess workers' participation in preparing nursing schedules. In terms of materials and methods, this was an exploratory and descriptive study with a sample of 348 nursing staff members, using an appropriate questionnaire. Most were married women under 40 with at least one child, working on rotating shifts with more than fifteen-days frequency of rotation, and with neurological, psychological, gastrointestinal, and cardiovascular health complaints. They also reported relational problems on the job. Most of the nursing staff played a minor role in preparing nursing schedules.

2206 downloads

13.

Percepção dos efeitos do trabalho em turnos sobre a saúde e a vida social em funcionários da enfermagem em um hospital universitário do Estado de São Paulo
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Costa, Ester de S.

; Morita, Ione

; Martinez, Miguel A. R.

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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jun 2000, Volume 16 N. 2 Pages 553 - 555

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

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