Abstract Objective: To compare the use of sealants in permanent molars between public and private dentists in Brazil. Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional and analytical web survey study. The convenience sample consisted of dentists in Brazil who answered a pre-tested online form released via social media between July and October 2021. Descriptive analysis was performed using absolute and relative frequencies (%) and associations using the Chi-square test (p<0.05). Results: Brazilian professionals participated in the study (n=2,244). Comparing the professionals from the public service with those from the private service, the former had a higher positive perception of the use of sealants as a preventive (92.4% vs. 81.1%, p<0.00l) and therapeutic procedure (90.7% vs. 82.4%, p=0.00l), higher percentage of non-invasive (91.7% vs. 83.8%, p<0.00l) and invasive (22.8% vs. 12.0%, p< 0.001) techniques. Professionals from the private service reported more frequently that they did not use sealants than those from the public service (14.0% vs. 4.8%, p<0.00l). Resin sealant (97.7% vs. 94.9%, p=0.0l5) and Flow resin (62.0% vs. 54.3%, p=0.013) were the most used by professionals in the private service. The use of glass ionomer cement was not associated with the type of service (75.1% vs. 77.2%, p=0.172), nor was the use of adhesives (0.6% vs. 1.4%, p=0.195) or resin with Giomer technology (1.9% vs. 2.2%, p=0.856) (p>0.05). Conclusion: The percentage of use of sealants among dentists in Brazil is high, especially among professionals in the public service, and the most used materials were resinous sealants and glass ionomer cement. Objective Methods crosssectional cross sectional pretested pre tested 2021 % (% Chisquare Chi square p<0.05. p005 p p<0.05 . 0 05 (p<0.05) Results n=2,244. n2244 n n=2,244 2 244 (n=2,244) 92.4% 924 92 4 (92.4 vs 811 81 1 81.1% p<0.00l p000l pl 00l l 90.7% 907 90 7 (90.7 824 82 82.4% p=0.00l, p=0.00l , p=0.00l) noninvasive non 91.7% 917 91 (91.7 838 83 8 83.8% 22.8% 228 22 (22.8 120 12 12.0% 0.001 0001 001 techniques 14.0% 140 14 (14.0 48 4.8% p<0.00l. 97.7% 977 97 (97.7 949 94 9 94.9% p=0.0l5 p00l5 0l5 62.0% 620 62 (62.0 543 54 3 54.3% p=0.013 p0013 013 75.1% 751 75 (75.1 772 77 77.2% p=0.172, p0172 p=0.172 172 p=0.172) 0.6% 06 6 (0.6 1.4% p=0.195 p0195 195 1.9% 19 (1.9 2.2% p=0.856 p0856 856 p>0.05. p>0.05 (p>0.05) Conclusion high 202 ( p00 p<0.0 (p<0.05 n224 n=2,24 24 (n=2,244 92.4 (92. 81.1 90.7 (90. 82.4 91.7 (91. 83.8 22.8 (22. 12.0 0.00 000 00 14.0 (14. 4.8 97.7 (97. 94.9 p=0.0l p00l 0l 62.0 (62. 5 54.3 p=0.01 p001 01 75.1 (75. 77.2 p017 p=0.17 17 0.6 (0. 1.4 p=0.19 p019 1.9 (1. 2.2 p=0.85 p085 85 p>0.0 (p>0.05 20 p0 p<0. (p<0.0 n22 n=2,2 (n=2,24 92. (92 81. 90. (90 82. 91. (91 83. 22. (22 12. 0.0 14. (14 4. 97. (97 94. 62. (62 54. p=0.0 75. (75 77. p01 p=0.1 0. (0 1. (1 2. p=0.8 p08 p>0. (p>0.0 p<0 (p<0. n2 n=2, (n=2,2 (9 (2 (6 p=0. (7 p>0 (p>0. (p<0 n=2 (n=2, p=0 p> (p>0 (p< n= (n=2 p= (p> (p (n= (n

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the supply of input and procedures, non-invasive and micro-invasive, for dental caries lesions in Primary Care in Brazil, comparing the Brazilian geographic regions in three different periods. Material and Methods: Historical series study based on secondary data extracted from the 1st Cycle (2012), 2nd (2014), and 3rd cycle (2018) of the External Evaluation of the National Program for Access and Quality of Primary Care. The proportions of Oral Health Teams offering non-invasive (fluor) and micro-invasive (sealants) supplies and procedures between Brazilian geographic regions were compared using the Chi-square test, using the Z Test adjusted by the Bonferroni method, and between the years (2012, 2014, and 2018) using the Cochran Q test (p<0.05). The percentage variation between the proportions per cycle was calculated. Results: The availability of inputs of fluor gel in Brazil increased between 2014 (91.6%) and 2018 (94.1%) (p<0.001), but statistically only in the Northeast and North (p<0.001). The offer of the topical fluorine procedure increased between 2012 (78.8%) and 2018 (87.4%) (p<0.001) in Brazil, with the most significant increase in the North (+7.5%) and Northeast (+22.0%). There was greater availability of inputs of sealants in Brazil between 2012 (56.8%) and 2018 (69.5%) (p<0.001) in Brazil, and more significant expansion in the Northeast (+43.4%). There was a greater offer of the sealing procedure in Brazil between 2014 (98.6%) and 2018 (98.5%), compared to 2012 (94.7%) (p<0.001), with more significant expansion in the North (+5.8%). Conclusion: There was an increase in the supply of input and procedures, non-invasive and micro-invasive, in Primary Care in Brazil. Despite maintaining regional inequalities, they were reduced, with greater expansion in the North and Northeast regions between the years evaluated. Objective noninvasive non invasive microinvasive, microinvasive micro invasive, periods Methods st 2012, , (2012) nd (2014) rd (2018 (fluor (sealants Chisquare Chi square method (2012 p<0.05. p005 p p<0.05 . 0 05 (p<0.05) calculated Results 201 91.6% 916 91 6 (91.6% 94.1% 941 94 1 (94.1% p<0.001, p0001 p<0.001 001 p<0.001. 78.8% 788 78 8 (78.8% 87.4% 874 87 4 (87.4% (p<0.001 +7.5% 75 7 5 (+7.5% +22.0%. 220 +22.0% 22 (+22.0%) 56.8% 568 56 (56.8% 69.5% 695 69 (69.5% +43.4%. 434 +43.4% 43 (+43.4%) 98.6% 986 98 (98.6% 98.5%, 985 98.5% (98.5%) 94.7% 947 (94.7% +5.8%. 58 +5.8% (+5.8%) Conclusion inequalities reduced evaluated (2014 (201 p00 p<0.0 (p<0.05 20 91.6 9 (91.6 94.1 (94.1 p000 p<0.00 00 78.8 (78.8 87.4 (87.4 (p<0.00 +7.5 (+7.5 +22.0 2 (+22.0% 56.8 (56.8 69.5 (69.5 +43.4 (+43.4% 98.6 (98.6 98.5 (98.5% 94.7 (94.7 +5.8 (+5.8% (20 p0 p<0. (p<0.0 91. (91. 94. (94. 78. (78. 87. (87. +7. (+7. +22. (+22.0 56. (56. 69. (69. +43. (+43.4 98. (98. (98.5 +5. (+5.8 (2 p<0 (p<0. (91 (94 (78 (87 +7 (+7 +22 (+22. (56 (69 +43 (+43. (98 +5 (+5. ( p< (p<0 (9 (7 (8 + (+ +2 (+22 (5 (6 +4 (+43 (+5 (p< (+2 (+4 (p

Abstract This narrative review critically examines some protocols of biomimetic restorative dentistry (BRD), which supposedly outperforms traditional adhesive techniques. This review explores the origins of BRD, introduces cognitive biases influencing the adoption of BRD protocols without evidence scrutiny, and discusses nine BRD protocols. For this, we searched randomized clinical trials and systematic reviews in the literature on the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library CENTRAL databases, which lead to the following conclusions about the revised protocols: 1) The use of dyes excessively removes carious dentin; 2) Aluminum oxide air abrasion contributes to overtreatment and may pose long-term health risks to dental professionals; 3) Beveling enamel in posterior teeth is technically difficult and leads to unnecessary loss of adjacent sound enamel with no evidence of its use outperforming butt-joint preparations; 4) Deactivating matrix metalloproteinases with chlorhexidine shows no clinical evidence of improving restoration longevity. 5) “Elected“ gold-standard adhesive systems perform no better than other good performing available systems; 6) Immediate dentin sealing and resin coating result in similar post-operative sensitivity and longevity of indirect fillings as delayed dentin sealing; 7) Deep margin elevation is a viable alternative to manage subgingival margins in occlusoproximal cavities; 8) The process of “decoupling” with time lacks scientific evidence to support its use; 9) Placing fiber inserts on the pulpal floor and/or axial wall to minimize stress offers no benefits over current alternatives. In conclusion, more rigorous research is needed to validate BRD protocols, focusing on important clinical outcomes that impact in the longevity of the restoration, such as fracture, debonding, post-operative sensitivity, esthetic quality, presence of caries lesions adjacent to restorations and patients’ satisfaction need to be thoroughly investigated. Reliance on anecdotal evidence, clinical experience, and common sense propagates myths and undervalues the need for a critical approach in evaluating dental techniques. , (BRD) techniques scrutiny this PubMed Embase databases 1 2 longterm long term professionals 3 buttjoint butt joint preparations 4 5 Elected “Elected goldstandard gold standard 6 postoperative post operative 7 cavities 8 decoupling “decoupling 9 andor or alternatives conclusion fracture debonding quality patients investigated experience (BRD

Abstract: Appropriate research reports are important to facilitate the evaluation of studies and the decision-making by dentists and policymakers. This meta-research study assessed the conformity of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) restorations with the CONSORT recommendations and their risk of bias (RoB). Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, BBO, LILACS, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched from April 2019 to June 2021 for RCTs that assessed the longevity of ART restorations in children. A specific tool was used to assess adherence to the CONSORT recommendations; RoB was evaluated with the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Descriptive analyses included the number of studies by journal, follow-up period, country, and quality assessments. A total of 2,181 papers were retrieved and 36 of them were analyzed qualitatively. The overall CONSORT mean score (CONms) was 22.52 ± 6.17 out of 32 points. The best described items were intervention and outcomes, whereas allocation concealment was described in only 22% of the papers. Significant differences in CONms were detected in the analysis by country and publication dates. High CONms were observed in recently published papers (26.7 ± 3.1) when compared to first ART studies (18.1 ± 4.6; p < 0.001). RoB was low in four studies, unclear in 11, and high in 21. Adherence of the papers to the CONSORT recommendations was not fully achieved and most of the papers had unclear and high RoB (PROSPERO registration #CRD42020201460).

Abstract Objective: This cross-sectional research evaluated caries prevalence and treatment need in pre-school children using different indexes. Material and Methods: A sample of 931 children (3-5 years old) attending public schools were examined by two calibrated researchers, who recorded the caries prevalence using dmf-t and ICDAS II. The clinical records obtained directed the decision regarding the treatment needs, which were divided into non-invasive and invasive procedures according to the scores registered in the different caries indexes. Descriptive statistics were used to present the data related to each index; qui-square test was used to compare the need of invasive and non-invasive treatment in the different ages. Results: The mean dmf-t was 1.8 ± 2.9, with a 42.9% caries prevalence. Using cut-off points of ICDAS II (≥1, ≥3 and ≥4), the caries prevalence values found were 50.7%, 40.8% and 30.7%, respectively. Five-year-old children exhibited the highest caries prevalence, assessed with dmf-t or ≥3 and ≥4 cut-off points of ICDAS II (≥3: p=0.032; ≥4: p=0.015). The percentages of caries-free children were 49.1% and 57.1%, respectively for ICDAS II and dmf-t. Restorative treatment in at least one tooth was required by 30.7% and 40% of the children for ICDAS II and dmf-t. Only ICDAS II could establish the percentage of non-invasive treatments (20%). Both indices pointed out the expressive need of restorative treatment. Conclusion: The use of dmf-t in epidemiological surveys may underestimate caries prevalence whereas the ICDAS II allowed the identification of early carious lesions and the viability of the use of non-invasive procedures as caries control measures in a child population.

Resumo Objetivo Este estudo analisou a liberação/recarga de flúor e a rugosidade superficial do carbômero de vidro em comparação a outros cimentos de ionômero vidro (CIVs) encapsulados. Material e método Os CIVs testados foram o Glass Fill® (GC-GCP Dental), Riva Self Cure® (RS-SDI), Riva Light Cure® (RL-SDI), Equia Fil® (EF-GC Europe). A resina composta Luna® (LU-SDI) foi empregada como controle. Cinco amostras de cada material foram confeccionadas e mantidas em um umidificador durante 24h (37 °C, 100% de umidade relativa). A liberação de flúor foi aferida em dois tempos: antes (T1: dias 1, 2, 7 e 14) e após aplicação tópica de flúor (T2: dias 15, 16, 21 e 28). A rugosidade superficial também foi aferida nos dois tempos (T1: dias 1 e14; T2: dias 15 e 28). Todas as amostras foram submetidas a uma única aplicação tópica de flúor fosfato acidulado (Flúor Care - FGM). ANOVA dois fatores com medidas repetidas e pós-teste de Tukey (p<0,05) foram empregados na analise estatística. Resultado O Equia Fil apresentou a maior liberação de flúor em ambos os períodos de avaliação, com liberação maior no T1 (p<0,05). Os demais materiais testados, incluindo o carbômero de vidro, apresentaram liberação semelhante em ambos os períodos (T1 e T2). Em relação à rugosidade superficial não foram observadas diferenças significativas na interação entre os fatores material × tempo (T1 e T2) (p=0,966). Conclusão Os CIVs testados apresentaram capacidade de liberação e recarga de flúor e não mostraram aumento de rugosidade superfícial pela aplicação tópica de flúor.

Abstract Objective This study analyzed the fluoride release/recharge and surface roughness of glass carbomer compared to other encapsulated glass ionomer cements (GICs). Material and method The GICs tested were Glass Fill® (GC-GCP Dental), Riva Self Cure® (RS-SDI), Riva Light Cure® (RL-SDI), Equia Fil® (EF-GC Europe). The composite resin Luna® (LU-SDI) was used as control. Five samples of each material were prepared and kept in a humidifier for 24 hours (37 °C, 100% relative humidity). Fluoride release was measured in two times: before (T1: days 1, 2, 7, 14) and after topical application of fluoride (T2: days 15, 16, 21 and 28). The surface roughness was also measured in both times (T1: days 1 and 14; T2: days 15 and 28). All samples were submitted to a single topical application of acidulated fluoride phosphate (Fluor Care - FGM). Two-way ANOVA with repeated measures and Tukey's post-test (p <0.05) were used in the statistical analysis. Result Equia Fil presented the highest fluoride release in both evaluation periods, with a higher release in T1 (p <0.05). The other materials tested, including glass carbomer presented similar release in both periods (T1 and T2). Regarding surface roughness, no significant differences were observed in the interaction between the material × time factors (T1 and T2) (p=0.966). Conclusion The GICs tested presented fluoride release and recharge ability and showed no surface roughness increase by topical application of fluoride.

Algumas barreiras aos cuidados de saúde bucal durante a gravidez são mal compreendidas, principalmente aquelas relacionadas a fatores psicossociais, que são exploradas melhor com estudos qualitativos. Esta revisão sistemática teve como objetivo explorar as barreiras e facilitadores dos cuidados odontológicos durante a gravidez, através de uma síntese temática de estudos qualitativos. Foram incluídos estudos qualitativos ou de métodos mistos, publicados em inglês, português, espanhol ou francês entre 2000 e 2016. As buscas foram realizadas nas bases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, BBO e CINAHL. Para avaliar a qualidade dos estudos, usamos a ferramenta Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. A síntese temática teve como objetivo interpretar e resumir os resultados. Entre os 2.581 estudos identificados, dez foram incluídos na síntese. Encontramos 14 temas analíticos relacionados a barreiras e facilitadores dos cuidados odontológicos na gravidez, e que interagiram de maneira complexa: condições fisiológicas, baixa importância atribuída à saúde oral, estigma negativo em relação à odontologia, medo ou ansiedade frente ao tratamento dentário, mobilidade e segurança, barreiras financeiras, emprego, limitações de tempo, apoio social, falta de informação, barreiras produzidas pelo profissional de saúde e conselhos de amigos e familiares, além de crenças e mitos sobre a segurança do tratamento dentário. Os mitos e crenças sobre a saúde oral e o tratamento dentário durante a gravidez parecem ser as barreiras mais importantes, tanto para as gestantes quanto para os odontólogos e outros profissionais de saúde. Os achados da revisão podem apoiar novos estudos, principalmente para testar protocolos de intervenção e orientar políticas públicas efetivas para a promoção da saúde oral durante a gravidez.

Some barriers to dental treatment during pregnancy are poorly understood, especially those related to psychosocial factors, which are better explored in qualitative studies. The aim of this systematic review was to explore the barriers and facilitators to dental care during pregnancy through a thematic synthesis of qualitative studies. Qualitative or mixed-methods studies published in English, Portuguese, Spanish and French, from 2000 to 2016, were included. The search strategies were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, BBO and CINAHL. To evaluate the quality of the studies, we used the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool. Thematic synthesis was performed in order to interpret and summarize the results. From 2,581 screened studies, ten were included in the synthesis. We found 14 analytical themes related to barriers and facilitators to dental care during pregnancy that interacted in complex ways: physiological conditions, low importance of oral health, negative stigma regarding dentistry, fear of/anxiety toward dental treatment, mobility and safety, financial barriers, employment, time constraints, social support, lack of information, health professionals’ barriers, family and friends’ advice, beliefs and myths about the safety of dental treatment. Myths and beliefs about oral health and dental treatment during pregnancy appear to be the most frequent barriers, both to pregnant women and to dentists or other health professionals. The findings of this review may support new studies, especially to test intervention protocols and to guide effective public policies for the promotion of oral health during pregnancy.

Algunas barreras al tratamiento dental durante el embarazo no se han entendido adecuadamente, especialmente aquellas relacionadas con factores psicosociales, que están mejor examinados en estudios cualitativos. El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática fue examinar las barreras y facilitadores para el cuidado dental durante el embarazo, a través de una síntesis temática de estudios cualitativos. Se incluyeron métodos cualitativos, o estudios de métodos mixtos, publicados en inglés, portugués, español y francés, desde el 2000 al 2016. La búsqueda de estrategias se realizó en PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, BBO y CINAHL. Con el fin de evaluar la calidad de los estudios, usamos la herramienta Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. Se realizó la síntesis temática para interpretar y resumir los resultados. De los 2.581 estudios seleccionados, diez fueron incluidos en la síntesis. Encontramos 14 temas analíticos, relacionados con barreras y facilitadores para la atención dental durante el embarazo, que interactuaron de forma compleja: condiciones fisiológicas, baja importancia de la salud oral, estigma negativo referente a la odontología, miedo/ ansiedad al tratamiento dental, movilidad y seguridad, barreras financieras, empleo, restricciones de tiempo, apoyo social, falta de información, barreras a la salud profesional, consejo de familia y amigos, creencias y mitos sobre la seguridad del tratamiento dental. Mitos y creencias sobre la salud oral y el tratamiento dental durante el embarazo parecen ser las barreras más frecuentes, tanto en el caso de las mujeres embarazadas, como en el caso de dentistas y otros profesionales de salud. Los hallazgos de esta revisión tal vez susciten nuevos estudios, especialmente para probar protocolos de intervención y guiar políticas públicas efectivas, orientadas a la promoción de la salud oral durante el embarazo.

Algumas barreiras aos cuidados de saúde bucal durante a gravidez são mal compreendidas, principalmente aquelas relacionadas a fatores psicossociais, que são exploradas melhor com estudos qualitativos. Esta revisão sistemática teve como objetivo explorar as barreiras e facilitadores dos cuidados odontológicos durante a gravidez, através de uma síntese temática de estudos qualitativos. Foram incluídos estudos qualitativos ou de métodos mistos, publicados em inglês, português, espanhol ou francês entre 2000 e 2016. As buscas foram realizadas nas bases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, BBO e CINAHL. Para avaliar a qualidade dos estudos, usamos a ferramenta Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. A síntese temática teve como objetivo interpretar e resumir os resultados. Entre os 2.581 estudos identificados, dez foram incluídos na síntese. Encontramos 14 temas analíticos relacionados a barreiras e facilitadores dos cuidados odontológicos na gravidez, e que interagiram de maneira complexa: condições fisiológicas, baixa importância atribuída à saúde oral, estigma negativo em relação à odontologia, medo ou ansiedade frente ao tratamento dentário, mobilidade e segurança, barreiras financeiras, emprego, limitações de tempo, apoio social, falta de informação, barreiras produzidas pelo profissional de saúde e conselhos de amigos e familiares, além de crenças e mitos sobre a segurança do tratamento dentário. Os mitos e crenças sobre a saúde oral e o tratamento dentário durante a gravidez parecem ser as barreiras mais importantes, tanto para as gestantes quanto para os odontólogos e outros profissionais de saúde. Os achados da revisão podem apoiar novos estudos, principalmente para testar protocolos de intervenção e orientar políticas públicas efetivas para a promoção da saúde oral durante a gravidez.

Some barriers to dental treatment during pregnancy are poorly understood, especially those related to psychosocial factors, which are better explored in qualitative studies. The aim of this systematic review was to explore the barriers and facilitators to dental care during pregnancy through a thematic synthesis of qualitative studies. Qualitative or mixed-methods studies published in English, Portuguese, Spanish and French, from 2000 to 2016, were included. The search strategies were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, BBO and CINAHL. To evaluate the quality of the studies, we used the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool. Thematic synthesis was performed in order to interpret and summarize the results. From 2,581 screened studies, ten were included in the synthesis. We found 14 analytical themes related to barriers and facilitators to dental care during pregnancy that interacted in complex ways: physiological conditions, low importance of oral health, negative stigma regarding dentistry, fear of/anxiety toward dental treatment, mobility and safety, financial barriers, employment, time constraints, social support, lack of information, health professionals’ barriers, family and friends’ advice, beliefs and myths about the safety of dental treatment. Myths and beliefs about oral health and dental treatment during pregnancy appear to be the most frequent barriers, both to pregnant women and to dentists or other health professionals. The findings of this review may support new studies, especially to test intervention protocols and to guide effective public policies for the promotion of oral health during pregnancy.

Algunas barreras al tratamiento dental durante el embarazo no se han entendido adecuadamente, especialmente aquellas relacionadas con factores psicosociales, que están mejor examinados en estudios cualitativos. El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática fue examinar las barreras y facilitadores para el cuidado dental durante el embarazo, a través de una síntesis temática de estudios cualitativos. Se incluyeron métodos cualitativos, o estudios de métodos mixtos, publicados en inglés, portugués, español y francés, desde el 2000 al 2016. La búsqueda de estrategias se realizó en PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, BBO y CINAHL. Con el fin de evaluar la calidad de los estudios, usamos la herramienta Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. Se realizó la síntesis temática para interpretar y resumir los resultados. De los 2.581 estudios seleccionados, diez fueron incluidos en la síntesis. Encontramos 14 temas analíticos, relacionados con barreras y facilitadores para la atención dental durante el embarazo, que interactuaron de forma compleja: condiciones fisiológicas, baja importancia de la salud oral, estigma negativo referente a la odontología, miedo/ ansiedad al tratamiento dental, movilidad y seguridad, barreras financieras, empleo, restricciones de tiempo, apoyo social, falta de información, barreras a la salud profesional, consejo de familia y amigos, creencias y mitos sobre la seguridad del tratamiento dental. Mitos y creencias sobre la salud oral y el tratamiento dental durante el embarazo parecen ser las barreras más frecuentes, tanto en el caso de las mujeres embarazadas, como en el caso de dentistas y otros profesionales de salud. Los hallazgos de esta revisión tal vez susciten nuevos estudios, especialmente para probar protocolos de intervención y guiar políticas públicas efectivas, orientadas a la promoción de la salud oral durante el embarazo.

Resumo Introdução O fluoreto desempenha importante papel no controle da cárie dental. Objetivo Avaliar as trocas químicas entre cimentos de ionômero de vidro de alta viscosidade (CIV) e dentina decídua com aplicação de fluoreto de sódio (NaF) a 2% em alterações de dureza dentinária a partir da incorporação de cálcio, fosfato e fluoreto. Material e método Cavidades Classe I foram preparadas em 40 molares hígidos divididos em 2 grupos (n=20), de acordo com a condição dentinária: hígida (1) e desmineralizada (2). Subgrupos (n=10) foram formados para avaliar a ação isolada do CIV ou associado com NaF (F). Este estudo in vitro avaliou as trocas químicas sob duas condições: dentina hígida e desmineralizada (ciclagem de pH) para simular a perda mineral que ocorre em lesões de cárie. Grupo G1 e G2 receberam restaurações de CIV; Grupos G1F e G2F receberam NaF antes do CIV. Os espécimes foram preparados para microdureza Knoop e Micro-Raman. Para análise estatística foi utilizada Anova 2 fatores (α = 0.05). Os dados do Micro-Raman foram descritos qualitativamente. Resultado O aumento de dureza foi observado em todos os sítios de contato direto com CIV, em ambas dentinas em todos os grupos (p<0.001); não foi observado diferença em microdureza após aplicação do NaF (p>0.05). Na avaliação do Micro-Raman, o contato direto do CIV/dentina tanto hígida quanto desmineralizada resultou em um aumento do pico do fosfato dentinário. Conclusão As trocas químicas entre o CIV e dentina desmineralizada podem induzir mudanças das propriedades mecânicas do substrato e a captação de íons minerais (fosfato) ocorre sem a influência do NaF.

Abstract Background Fluoride plays an important role in the control of dental caries. Aim To evaluate the chemical exchange between restoration of glass ionomer cement of high viscosity (GIC) and primary dentin with application of sodium fluoride (NaF) 2% through changes in hardness from uptake of calcium, phosphate and fluoride. Material and method Class I cavities were prepared in 40 sound primary molars, and the sample was divided into two groups (n=20) according to dentin condition: sound (1) and demineralized (2). Sub-groups (n=10) were formed to investigate the isolated action of the GIC or the association with NaF (F). This in vitro study examined the chemical exchange under two conditions, sound and demineralized dentin (pH cycling), to simulate the occurrence of mineral loss for the caries lesion. G1 and G2 received GIC restoration only; groups G1F and G2F received NaF before GIC restoration. The specimens were prepared for Knoop hardness test and micro-Raman spectroscopy. A two-way ANOVA test (α = 0.05) was used for statistical analysis. Micro-Raman data were qualitatively described. Result Increased hardness was observed in all the sites of direct contact with GIC in sound and demineralized dentin for all groups (p<0.001); no difference was observed in microhardness after application of NaF (p>0.05). In the evaluation of micro-Raman, direct contact between GIC and dentin for sound and demineralized dentin resulted in increased peaks of phosphate. Conclusion The exchange between GIC and demineralized dentin may induce changes of mechanical properties of the substrate, and uptake of mineral ions (phosphate) occurs without the influence of NaF.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a efetividade da supervisão de escovação em uma ou mais sessões na remoção de placa dental e desgaste de escovas. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Crianças de 3 a 5 anos de idade receberam escovas dentais novas e participaram de um teatro de fantoches sobre saúde bucal. Foram selecionadas 49 e distribuídas aleatoriamente em três grupos (GI=20; GII=14 e GIII=14). A técnica de Fones foi demonstrada aos grupos GI e GII para avaliar:a supervisão profissional direta e o treinamento de escovação em cinco sessões (GI), a supervisão profissional direta e o treinamento em uma única sessão (GII) e a influência do teatro de fantoches (GIII-grupo controle). Os índices de placa dental (IPL) foram registrados no início do estudo (T0), após 24 dias (T1) e 46 dias (T2) e os índices de desgaste das escovas dentais (ID) no T1 e T2. Os testes de Kruskal-Wallis e Friedman (IPL); ANOVA de um critério e o teste t de Student (ID) (p<0,05) foram empregados na análise dos dados. RESULTADO: O GI diferiu de forma significativa dos outros grupos no T1 e T2 (p<0,01). O índice de desgaste das escovas aumentou (p<0,0001) dos 24 dias (0,52±0,35mm) para os 46 dias (0,90±0,48mm) e não houve associação significativa entre desgaste de escova e índice de placa, tanto em T1 (r=0,230-p= 0,116), quanto em T2 (r=0.226-p=0,121). CONCLUSÃO: A supervisão profissional em sessões múltiplas foi efetiva para reduzir os índices de placa, os quais não foram influenciados pelo desgaste das escovas, mostrando a necessidade de contínua motivação em higiene bucal.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of tooth brushing supervision in one or more sessions on dental plaque removal and toothbrush wear. MATERIAL AND METHOD: 3- to 5-year-old children received new toothbrushes and attended a puppet theater about oral health. Forty-nine children were randomly selected and divided into 3 groups (GI=20; GII=14; GIII=14). Fones' brushing method was demonstrated to the GI and GII groups to evaluate the following: the professional direct supervision and tooth brushing training in five sessions (GI), the professional direct supervision and a one-training session (GII) and the puppet theater influence only (GIII-control group). The dental plaque index (IPL) was recorded at baseline (T0), after 24 days (T1) and after 46 days (T2) and toothbrush wear (ID) was recorded on T1 and T2. The Kruskal-Wallis test and the Friedman test (IPL), as well as the one-way ANOVA and the paired Student's t-test (ID) (p<0.05) were employed to analyze the data. RESULT: GI showed a significant difference from the others groups in T1 and T2 (p<0.01).The index of toothbrush wear increased (p<0.0001) from 24 days (0.52±0.35mm) to 46 days (0.90±0.48mm), but there was no significant association between toothbrush wear and plaque index for T1 (r=0.230-p= 0.116) as well as for T2 (r=0.226-p=0.121). CONCLUSION: The multiple sessions of professional supervision were effective to reduce the dental plaque index, which was not influenced by toothbrush wear, showing continuous oral hygiene motivation needs.

OBJETIVO: Este trabalho consistiu em um estudo in vivo para avaliar microbiologicamente a efetividade de uma escova antibacteriana comparada à de uma escova convencional. METODOLOGIA: Trinta crianças de dez a 12 anos utilizaram escovas dentais convencionais e antibacterianas por dois períodos experimentais de cinco dias, com duas escovações diárias supervisionadas, sem dentifrício. O desenho do estudo foi cruzado com wash-out de nove dias entre as diferentes escovas. Ao término de cada período, as escovas foram imediatamente imersas em solução salina estéril e agitadas; o caldo produzido foi semeado em ágar BHI, nas concentrações de 10-2 e 10-3. Após um período de incubação de 24 horas a 37 ºC em aerobiose, foi realizada a contagem das unidades formadoras de colônias (UFC/mL) por meio de um software específico. RESULTADO: No grupo de escovas convencionais, a mediana e intervalos interquartis foi de 105 (27-564,5); já para o grupo de escovas antibacterianas, foi de 53 (4,5-333,5). Após análise dos dados, observou-se ausência de diferenças estatísticas entre os grupos (p = 0,145). CONCLUSÃO: Concluiu-se que as escovas de dentes antibacterianas exibiram contaminação bacteriana semelhante à das escovas de dentes convencionais.