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Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (B. lactis) HN019 in drinking water on the development of apical periodontitis (AP) in rats. In total 60 animals were divided into a control group (sound teeth); Group I - regular water without AP; Group II - probiotic water without AP; Group III - regular water with AP; Group IV - probiotic water with AP. AP was induced after 3 days in the control groups and after 7, 21, and 42 days in groups III and IV. The animals were euthanized, and the mandibles were subjected to histotechnical processing. Samples were stained with hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) to identify root canal features, apical and periapical regions. Additionally, histoenzymology was performed to detect osteoclasts, immunohistochemistry was used to identify osteoclastogenesis markers, and the Brown & Brenn technique was applied for microbiological analysis. The data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 8.0.1 with a significance level of 5%. Although no statistical differences were observed, the groups administered with probiotics showed better conditions in terms of histological aspects seen microscopically. Furthermore, there were no differences in the number of osteoclasts (p > 0.05). The RANKL marker was not found in the probiotic group at 42 days, unlike in group III. subsp B. B (B HN HN01 (AP rats 6 sound teeth teeth) 7 21 4 euthanized processing H&E HE H E (H&E features regions Additionally markers analysis 801 8 0 1 8.0. 5 5% observed microscopically Furthermore p 0.05. 005 0.05 . 05 0.05) HN0 2 80 8.0 00 0.0 8. 0.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2023.vol37.0115

Acceleration strategies for Tridimensional Coupled hydromechanical problems based on CPU and GPU programming in MATLAB
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JOSEPH, JEAN B.

; RIBEIRO, PAULO MARCELO V.

; GUIMARÃES, LEONARDO J.N.

; CHAVES JUNIOR, CICERO VITOR

; TEIXEIRA, JONATHAN DA C.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 Suppl. 4 elocation e20211024

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Large-scale fluid flow in porous media demands intense computations and occurs in the most diverse applications, including groundwater flow and oil recovery. This article presents novel computational strategies applied to reservoir geomechanics. Advances are proposed for the efficient assembly of finite element matrices and the solution of linear systems using highly vectorized code in MATLAB. In the CPU version, element matrix assembly is performed using conventional vectorization procedures, based on two strategies: the explicit matrices, and the multidimensional products. Further assembly of the global sparse matrix is achieved using the native sparse function. For the GPU version, computation of the complete set of element matrices is performed with the same strategies as the CPU approach, using gpuArray structures and the native CUDA support provided by MATLAB Parallel Computing Toolbox. Solution of the resulting linear system in CPU and GPU versions is obtained with two strategies using a one-way approach: the native conjugate gradient solver (pcg), and the one provided by the Eigen library. A broad discussion is presented in a dedicated benchmark, where the different strategies using CPU and GPU are compared in processing time and memory requirements. These analyses present significant speedups over serial codes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220211024

Chemical Constituents and Cytotoxic Activity of Rhinella jimi (Anura: Bufonidae)
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Monção Filho, Evaldo S.

; Pio, Yara P. F.

; Chaves, Mariana H.

; Ferreira, Paulo M. P.

; Fonseca, Mariluce G.

; Pessoa, Cláudia

; Lima, Daisy J. B.

; Araújo, Bruno Q.

; Vieira Jr., Gerardo M.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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may 2021, Volume 32 N. 5 Pages 1060 - 1069

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Rhinella jimi toads (Stevaux, 2002) belong to the Bufonidae family, are endemic in the Brazilian Northeast and are commonly found during rainy periods. In general, amphibians of this family have in their poisons different metabolites that show a diversity of pharmacological activities. The isolation and identification of these compounds are of great importance, and techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry are widely used for the discovery of novel and known compounds in these poisons. For R. jimi poison, the ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts were obtained and thirty compounds were identified by combining ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) with direct infusion atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (DI-APCI-MS/MS) and direct infusion electrospray mass spectrometry (DI-ESI-MS/MS) for each extract, respectively. Marinobufagin (2) and marinobufotoxin (19) were the majorities of each extract, respectively. In addition, other bufadienolides mainly present in the ethyl acetate extract, such other bufotoxins, alkaloids and arginine diacid derivatives were identified in the methanol extract. In a cytotoxic assay by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), the extracts and compound 2 demonstrated half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values better than the positive control doxorubicin, evidencing excellent cytotoxic. This is the most complete study of the chemical composition of R. jimi toad poison and its respective cytotoxic activity, promoting the enrichment of knowledge about this family and species.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20210009 133 downloads

Spontaneous and experimental poisoning by Froelichia humboldtiana in cattle
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Silva Filho, Givaldo B.

; Chaves, Hisadora A.S.

; Albuquerque, Raquel F.

; Souza, Paulo E.

; Vieira, Maria E.Q.

; Nascimento, Ana L.O.

; Lima, Stephanie C.

; Mendonça, Fábio S.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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jan 2020, Volume 40 N. 1 Pages 1 - 6

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Os objetivos deste trabalho foram descrever os aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos e patológicos de dois surtos de intoxicação por Froelichia humboldtiana em bovinos em Pernambuco e reproduzir experimentalmente essa intoxicação em bovinos. Intoxicações espontâneas foram observadas após o início do período chuvoso nos municípios de Cachoerinha e São Caetano. Vinte e dois bovinos apresentaram sinais clínicos e lesões cutâneas compatíveis com fotossensibilização primária, dentre os quais, dois bezerros lactentes. Todos os bovinos se recuperaram totalmente cerca de 21 dias após serem retirados da pastagem. Para reproduzir experimentalmente a intoxicação, três vacas, uma delas com bezerro ao pé, foram mantidas em um piquete de 1ha composto por F. humboldtiana por 14 dias consecutivos. O quadro clínico e as lesões tegumentares, tanto nos bovinos intoxicados nos surtos espontâneos, quanto nos bovinos do experimento consistiram em prurido e hiperemia em áreas despigmentadas de pele, que evoluíam para edema, dermatite exsudativa e necrose de áreas extensas de pele. Em todos os bovinos examinados, os níveis séricos de aspartato aminotransferase (AST), gamaglutamiltransferase (GGT), bilirrubina total, direta e indireta estavam normais. Histologicamente, as lesões consistiram em necrose da epiderme, hiperqueratose com grande quantidade de neutrófilos degenerados e acantose. Na derme havia edema e infiltrado inflamatório composto por eosinófilos, linfócitos e plasmócitos principalmente ao redor dos vasos sanguíneos. Nos bovinos do experimento, sinais clínicos de fotossensibilização foram observados após o terceiro dia de consumo de F. humboldtiana. O bezerro lactente apresentou sinais clínicos leves de fotodermatite no 8º dia do experimento. Estimou-se que o consumo médio de matéria seca de F. humboldtiana necessário para iniciar os sinais clínicos em cada bovino adulto foi de 78kg.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this work was to describe the epidemiological, clinical and pathological aspects of two outbreaks of spontaneous poisoning caused by Froelichia humboldtiana in cattle in Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil and reproduce experimentally this poisoning in cattle. Spontaneous poisonings of primary photosensitization occurred in two farms at the municipalities of Cachoeirinha and São Caetano and affected twenty-two adult bovines and two suckling calves after the rainy season. All bovines have recovered 21 days after they were removed from the pasture. To reproduce experimental poisoning, three cows and a calf were maintained in a pasture with 1ha composed by F. humboldtiana during 14 days. Clinical signs and skin lesions were similar in both spontaneous and experimental poisoning and consisted of cutaneous itching and hyperemia of non-pigmented areas of skin that evolved into edema, exudative dermatitis and extensive areas of skin necrosis. Serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT), total, direct and indirect bilirubin were normal in all cattle examined. Histologically, lesions consisted of epidermal necrosis, hyperkeratosis with large amounts of degenerate neutrophils and acanthosis. In the dermis, edema and inflammatory infiltrate composed of eosinophils, lymphocytes and plasma cells mainly around the blood vessels were observed. In the experimental group, clinical signs of photosensitization were observed after the third day of F. humboldtiana consumption. The suckling calf displayed mild clinical signs of photodermatitis on the 8th day of the experiment. It was estimated that the average consumption of F. humboldtiana necessary to initiate clinical signs in each adult bovine was 78kg.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6351 778 downloads

PHENOLIC DERIVATIVES AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF POLAR EXTRACTS FROM Bauhinia pulchella
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Carvalho, Adonias Almeida

; Santos, Lucivania Rodrigues dos

; Farias, Ruth Raquel Soares de

; Chaves, Mariana Helena

; Feitosa, Chistiane Mendes

; Vieira Júnior, Gerardo Magela

; Araújo, Mônica Regina Silva de

; Ferreira, Paulo Michel Pinheiro

; Pessoa, Claudia do Ó

Química Nova

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apr 2018, Volume 41 N. 4 Pages 405 - 411

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

A tea made with the leaves or stem bark of Bauhinia pulchella Benth (Fabaceae) is used in the treatment of diabetes. Ethanol (EEF) and aqueous (EAF) extracts were obtained from the leaves and the antioxidant and citotoxic activities were tested, as well as quantify the content of flavonoids and phenolic compounds (TPC). EEF and EAF showed similar profiles by HPLC, with the presence of three compounds. Column chromatography reverse phase (C18) and Sephadex LH-20, followed by semi preparative HPLC-C18 of EAF resulted in three flavonoids. Their structures were identified by 1H and 13C NMR as myricitrin (1), quercitrin (2) and afzelin (3). In assay of determination of reactive substances to thiobarbituric acid (TBARS), with DPPH, ABTS and nitric oxide (NO•) free radicals, EAF showed antioxidant potential higher than the EEF. This is the first report of the occurrence of the flavonoids 1-3, in the species B. pulchella. EEF and EAF were inactive in the cytotoxicity assays. In short, the polar extracts from the leaves of B. pulchella proved to be promising sources of biomolecules phenolic, with antioxidant potential, which may, in the future, be used as chemical markers for species and validation of therapeutic use.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170183 1020 downloads

Chemical constituents from Casearia spp. (Flacourtiaceae/Salicaceae sensu lato)
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Vieira Júnior, Gerardo Magela

; Dutra, Luiz A.

; Torres, Roseli B.

; Boralle, Nivaldo

; Bolzani, Vanderlan da S.

; Silva, Dulce H. Siqueira

; Chaves, Mariana H.

; Cavalheiro, Alberto J.

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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dec 2017, Volume 27 N. 6 Pages 785 - 787

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Chemical investigation of the leaves of Casearia gossypiosperma Briq., Salicaceae, led to the isolation of two known flavonoids, (+)-taxifolin and quercetin, the leaves of Casearia decandra Jacq. have afforded hydroquinone, the leaves of Casearia rupestris Eichler and Casearia lasiophylla Eichler have afforded a diterpene, (E)-phytol, and the leaves of C. rupestris and Casearia obliqua Spreng. have afforded sitosterol. The twigs of Casearia lasiophylla Eichler led to the isolation of two compounds (+)-pinoresinol, and N-trans-feruloyltyramine, and the twigs of C. obliqua have afforded N-trans-feruloyltyramine, N-trans-cumaroyltyramine, and cinamic acid. This is the first report of the compounds (+)-taxifolin, quercetin, hydroquinone, (+)-pinoresinol and N-trans-cumaroyltyramine from the Casearia genus.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2017.10.003 721 downloads

Análise do desempenho dos estudantes de enfermagem no ensino por competências e no ensino para compreensão
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Paranhos, Wana Yeda

; Chaves, Adriano Aparecido Bezerra

; Frias, Marcos Antonio da Eira

; Leite, Maria Madalena Januário

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP

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dec 2015, Volume 49 N. spe2 Pages 115 - 121

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar o desempenho dos estudantes da disciplina Estágio Curricular Supervisionado do projeto pedagógico baseado em Competências (currículo A) e dos estudantes do projeto pedagógico na perspectiva do Ensino para Compreensão (currículo B). Método Estudo exploratório descritivo, quantitativo e documental. O local da pesquisa foi uma universidade privada do município de São Paulo e para a coleta de dados foram utilizados 312 instrumentos de avaliação de desempenho dos estudantes da disciplina em questão. Resultados A avaliação do desempenho dos estudantes do currículo A não teve diferença em relação à média geral dos estudantes do currículo B. Os estudantes do A mostraram melhor desempenho em relação ao B na unidade de terapia intensiva e no tópico práticas pedagógicas, e os do B nos tópicos bases comportamentais e atitudinais e gestão. Os estudantes que são técnicos de enfermagem têm desempenho melhor e os que trabalham à tarde têm melhores notas. Conclusão Não foi comprovada a hipótese de que os estudantes da disciplina Estágio Curricular Supervisionado do currículo por compreensão (B) tem melhor desempenho que os estudantes do currículo por competências (A). A formação como técnico de enfermagem e turno de trabalho foram variáveis que interferiram no desempenho dos alunos independentemente do tipo de currículo. Durante o estudo houve a possibilidade de analisar os instrumentos de avaliação de desempenho dos estudantes, bem como o preenchimento pelos docentes, constatando-se que há necessidade de melhor estruturação na avaliação de desempenho do estudante e, principalmente, um processo de capacitação dos professores para a execução dessa atividade.

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze the performance of students of the course Supervised Curricular Internship based on skills (curriculum A) and teaching for understanding (curriculum B). Method Exploratory descriptive, quantitative and documentary study. The location of the research was a private university of the city of São Paulo and for data collection were used 312 performance assessment tools for students of the course being studied. Results The assessment of the performance of curriculum A students had no difference compared to the overall average of curriculum B students. The A students showed better performance in relation to B in the intensive care unit and in pedagogical practices, and B showed better performance in attitudinal bases topics and management. Students who are nursing technicians have better performance and, those working in the afternoon have better grades. Conclusion It was not proven that students of the course Supervised Curricular Internship of the understanding curriculum (B) had better performance than the students of the skills curriculum (A). The technical training of nursing and work shift were variables that interfered in student performance regardless of the type of curriculum. During the study there was the possibility of analyzing the performance assessment tools for students, as well as the filling by professors, noting that there is need for better structuring of the evaluation of student performance and, above all, a process of training of professors for the execution of this activity.

RESUMEN Objetivos Analizar el desarrollo de los estudiantes en las asignaturas del Práctica Curricular del proyecto pedagógico basado en Competencias (currículo A) y de los estudiantes del proyecto pedagógico en la perspectiva de la Enseñanza para la Comprensión (currículo B). Método Estudio exploratorio descriptivo, cuantitativo y documental. El local de la investigación fue una Universidad Privada, del municipio de São Paulo y para la recolección de datos fueron utilizados 312 instrumentos de evaluación del desarrollo de los estudiantes de la mencionada disciplina. Resultados La evaluación del desempeño de los estudiantes de las asignatura en cuestión. Resultados la evaluación del desempeño de los estudiantes del currículo A no presentó diferencia al ser comparada con el promedio general de los estudiantes del currículo B. Los estudiantes del currículo A demostraron mejor desempeño en relación al B en la unidad de terapia intensiva y en tópico de prácticas pedagógicas, y los del B en los tópicos bases comportamentales y actitudinales y gestión. Los estudiantes que son técnicos de enfermería tuvieron mejor desempeño y los que trabajan en el periodo de la tarde obtienen mejores notas. Conclusión no se comprobó la hipótesis de que los estudiantes de la Práctica Curricular Supervisada del currículo por comprensión (B) tuvieron mejor desempeño que los estudiantes del currículo por competencias (A). La formación como técnico de enfermería y turno de trabajo fueron variables que interfirieron en el desempeño de los alumnos independientemente del tipo de currículo. Durante el estudio hubo la posibilidad de analizar los instrumentos de avaluación de desempeño de los estudiantes, bien como el relleno por parte de los profesores, constatándose la necesidad de mejor estructuración en la evaluación de desempeño del estudiantes y, principalmente en el proceso de capacitación de los profesores para ejecutar esa actividad.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0080-623420150000800016 3357 downloads

Análise do desempenho dos estudantes de enfermagem no ensino por competências e no ensino para compreensão
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Paranhos, Wana Yeda

; Chaves, Adriano Aparecido Bezerra

; Frias, Marcos Antonio da Eira

; Leite, Maria Madalena Januário

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP

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dec 2015, Volume 49 N. spe2 Pages 115 - 121

Abstract: En Es Pt | Text: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0080-623420150000800016 75 downloads

Transdermal formulations containing human sexual steroids: development and validation of methods and in vitro drug release
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Polonini, Hudson C.

; Soldati, Pedro Paulo

; Oliveira, Marcone Augusto Leal de

; Brandão, Marcos Antônio F.

; Chaves, Maria das Graças M.

; Raposo, Nádia R. B.

Química Nova

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2014, Volume 37 N. 4 Pages 720 - 727

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

In vitro release of bioidentical hormones in four different liposomal transdermal emulsions (containing testosterone, progesterone, estradiol, or estradiol and estriol) was assessed. For this purpose, novel high-performance liquid chromatography methods were developed and validated in an eco-friendly manner and used to determine the in vitro release of such products. The methods were suitable for our intended goal, and the emulsions employed were found to be effective as transporting candidates for the efficient release of hormones in the transdermal delivery of human sexual steroids.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0100-4042.20140116 2600 downloads

10.

Different approaches, one target: understanding cellular mechanisms of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases
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Torrão, Andréa S.

; Café-Mendes, Cecilia C.

; Real, Caroline C.

; Hernandes, Marina S.

; Ferreira, Ana F. B.

; Santos, Taisa O.

; Chaves-Kirsten, Gabriela P.

; Mazucanti, Caio H. Y.

; Ferro, Emer S.

; Scavone, Cristoforo

; Britto, Luiz R. G.

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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oct 2012, Volume 34 Suppl. 2 Pages s194 - s205

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Os transtornos neurodegenerativos são, sem dúvida, um problema crescente nas ciências da saúde, dado o aumento da expectativa de vida e de estilos de vida pouco saudáveis. Embora os mecanismos de tais doenças ainda estejam longe de ser esclarecidos, vários estudos que derivam tanto da ciência básica quanto de abordagens clínicas contribuíram nessa direção. Na presente revisão, são discutidas linhas de frente da pesquisa básica sobre as doenças de Parkinson e Alzheimer, em que grupos de pesquisas de três departamentos do Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas da Universidade de São Paulo estão envolvidos em um esforço multidisciplinar. O foco principal desta revisão envolve os modelos animais desenvolvidos para se estudar os aspectos celulares e moleculares daquelas doenças neurodegenerativas, incluindo o estresse oxidativo, a sinalização da insulina e as análises proteômicas, dentre outros. Antecipamos que esta revisão irá auxiliar o grupo a determinar as futuras direções da pesquisa conjunta nessa área e, o mais importante, estabelecer o nível de cooperação que planejamos desenvolver juntamente com colegas do Núcleo de Apoio à Pesquisa em Neurociência Aplicada que estão envolvidos com pesquisa clínica na mesma área.

Neurodegenerative disorders are undoubtedly an increasing problem in the health sciences, given the increase of life expectancy and occasional vicious life style. Despite the fact that the mechanisms of such diseases are far from being completely understood, a large number of studies that derive from both the basic science and clinical approaches have contributed substantial data in that direction. In this review, it is discussed several frontiers of basic research on Parkinson´s and Alzheimer´s diseases, in which research groups from three departments of the Institute of Biomedical Sciences of the University of São Paulo have been involved in a multidisciplinary effort. The main focus of the review involves the animal models that have been developed to study cellular and molecular aspects of those neurodegenerative diseases, including oxidative stress, insulin signaling and proteomic analyses, among others. We anticipate that this review will help the group determine future directions of joint research in the field and, more importantly, set the level of cooperation we plan to develop in collaboration with colleagues of the Nucleus for Applied Neuroscience Research that are mostly involved with clinical research in the same field.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbp.2012.08.004 22779 downloads

11.

Sequestro esplênico agudo em coorte de crianças com anemia falciforme
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Rezende, Paulo V.

; Viana, Marcos B.

; Murao, Mitiko

; Chaves, Ana Cristina Leite

; Ribeiro, Ana Cristina F.

Jornal de Pediatria

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apr 2009, Volume 85 N. 2 Pages 163 - 169

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVO: Analisar o sequestro esplênico agudo (SEA) em crianças com anemia falciforme, provindas da triagem neonatal de Minas Gerais e acompanhadas pelo Hemominas de Belo Horizonte (MG). MÉTODOS: Coorte retrospectiva de 255 crianças com hemoglobinopatia SS/Sβ0, nascidas entre 01/01/2000 e 31/12/2004 e acompanhadas até 31/12/2006. Os dados foram extraídos dos prontuários médicos. RESULTADOS: Oitenta e nove pacientes apresentaram 173 eventos de SEA (10,2 primeiros eventos por 100 pacientes/ano), sendo que 75% dos primeiros episódios de SEA ocorreram até 2 anos de vida. A probabilidade estimada de ocorrência do primeiro episódio de SEA foi de 40%. A recorrência atingiu 57,3%. Após o primeiro episódio de SEA, a esplenectomia foi indicada em apenas 12,4% dos casos; após o segundo, em 60,4% dos casos. Após o terceiro episódio, 41,7% dos casos ainda permaneceram sob observação clínica. A mediana do tempo entre indicação e realização da esplenectomia foi de 2 meses. Nesse intervalo, 37,2% das crianças tiveram novo episódio de SEA e uma delas faleceu. A letalidade no primeiro episódio foi de 1,1% e de 7,8% em episódios subsequentes. Entre as 255 crianças ocorreram 19 óbitos: 36,8% devido a infecções e 26,3% após SEA. CONCLUSÕES: O SEA é um evento comum na anemia falciforme, principalmente nos 2 primeiros anos de vida, com recidiva em mais da metade dos casos. Predominou conduta conservadora na indicação da esplenectomia. Embora a letalidade tenha sido baixa, o SEA representou a segunda causa de óbito. Isso aponta para fragilidades estruturais do sistema de saúde de MG e para a necessidade de melhor capacitação profissional na abordagem do problema.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze acute splenic sequestration (ASS) in children with sickle cell anemia diagnosed through a newborn screening program in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, and followed up at the hematology center in the city of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. METHODS: Retrospective cohort of 255 children with sickle cell anemia (Hb SS/Sβ0) born between January 01, 2000, and December 31, 2004, and followed up until December 31, 2006. Data were abstracted from the patients' medical records. RESULTS: A total of 89 patients had 173 episodes of ASS (10.2 first episodes per 100 patient-years); 75% of the first episodes occurred before 2 years of age. The estimated probability of occurrence of the first episode of ASS during the study period was 40%. Recurrence rate reached 57.3%. After the first episode, splenectomy was indicated in only 12.4% of the cases; after the second, in 60.4% of the cases. After the third episode, 41.7% of the patients remained under clinical observation. The median time between indication for splenectomy and the actual surgical procedure was 2 months. During the intervening period, 37.2% of the children suffered a new episode of ASS and one child died. Case-fatality rate was 1.1% for the first episode and 7.8% for the subsequent episodes. Among a total of 255 children, 19 died: 36.8% due to infections and 26.3% after ASS. CONCLUSIONS: ASS is relatively common in sickle cell anemia, mainly in the first 2 years of life; relapse occurs in more than half of the cases. Conservative management instead of immediate splenectomy was the method of choice. Although the case-fatality rate was low, ASS was the second most common cause of death. These results disclose some fragilities of the health system in the state of Minas Gerais and the need for better professional education to approach ASS crises.

8251 downloads

12.

Genetic structure in two northern muriqui populations (Brachyteles hypoxanthus, Primates, Atelidae) as inferred from fecal DNA
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Fagundes, Valéria

; Paes, Marcela F.

; Chaves, Paulo B.

; Mendes, Sérgio L.

; Possamai, Carla de B.

; Boubli, Jean P.

; Strier, Karen B.

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2008, Volume 31 N. 1 Pages 166 - 171

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

We assessed the genetic diversity of two northern muriqui (Brachyteles hypoxanthus Primata, Atelidae) populations, the Feliciano Miguel Abdala population (FMA, n = 108) in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais (19°44' S, 41°49' W) and the Santa Maria de Jetibá population (SMJ, n = 18) in the Brazilian state of Espírito Santo (20°01' S, 40°44' W). Fecal DNA was isolated and PCR-RFLP analysis used to analyze 2160 bp of mitochondrial DNA, made up of an 820 bp segment of the gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 (cox2, EC 1.9.3.1), an 880 bp segment of the gene cytochrome b (cytb, EC 1.10.2.2) and 460 bp of the hypervariable segment of the mtDNA control region (HVRI). The cox2 and cytb sequences were monomorphic within and between populations whereas the HVRI revealed three different population exclusive haplotypes, one unique to the SMJ population and two, present at similar frequencies, in the FMA population. Overall haplotype diversity (h = 0.609) and nucleotide diversity (pi = 0.181) were high but reduced within populations. The populations were genetically structured with a high fixation index (F ST = 0.725), possibly due to historical subdivision. These findings have conservation implications because they seem to indicate that the populations are distinct management units.

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13.

Noninvasive genetic sampling of endangered muriqui (Primates, Atelidae): efficiency of fecal DNA extraction
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Chaves, Paulo B.

; Paes, Marcela F.

; Mendes, Sérgio L.

; Strier, Karen B.

; Louro, Iúri D.

; Fagundes, Valéria

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2006, Volume 29 N. 4 Pages 750 - 754

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The muriqui (Brachyteles) is one of the most endangered primates in the world, however little is known about the viability of the remaining populations. We evaluated the technique of extracting DNA from wild muriqui feces for PCR applications. In order to determine the effect of the DNA in subsequent amplifications, we analyzed five different extracts. The importance of the recommended BSA and the HotStarTaq DNA polymerase was tested. The minimal conditions to successfully amplify highly degraded fecal DNA were determined, showing that the recommended reagents are not required. We envision that this method may be useful in further conservation management studies.

3180 downloads

14.

Effects of galantamine on attention and memory in Alzheimer's disease measured by computerized neuropsychological tests: results of the Brazilian Multi-Center Galantamine Study (GAL-BRA-01)
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Caramelli, Paulo

; Chaves, Márcia L.F.

; Engelhardt, Eliasz

; Machado, João Carlos B.

; Schultz, Rodrigo R.

; Vale, Francisco A.C.

; Charchat-Fichman, Helenice

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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jun 2004, Volume 62 N. 2b Pages 379 - 384

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVO: Investigar os efeitos da galantamina no desempenho de pacientes portadores de doença de Alzheimer (DA) leve a moderada em uma bateria de testes neuropsicológicos computadorizados (BTNC). MÉTODO: Trinta e três pacientes com DA provável receberam tratamento com galantamina por três meses em ensaio clínico multicêntrico aberto e prospectivo. A escala BTNC e a ADAS-Cog foram administradas no início e ao final de 12 semanas. A BTNC incluiu testes de tempo de reação avaliando atenção, memória implícita e memória episódica para palavras e faces. Comparações estatísticas foram realizadas entre os resultados na 12ª semana versus a linha de base. Pacientes que não atingiram dose terapêutica foram excluídos da análise. RESULTADOS: Quatro pacientes (12,1%) foram excluídos por interrupção do tratamento (n=3) ou por não atingir dose terapêutica (n=1). Os 29 pacientes remanescentes foram tratados com doses de 24 mg/dia (n=22) e 16 mg/dia (n=7). Ao final de 12 semanas, reduções nos tempos de reação foram observadas nos testes de memória episódica para faces (p=0,023) e no teste de tempo de reação de dupla esco lha (p=0,039) da BTNC. CONCLUSÃO: O tratamento com galantamina melhorou o desempenho em testes de atenção e memória episódica, com redução estatisticamente significativa dos tempos de reação.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of galantamine on the performance of patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD) in a computerized neuropsychological test battery (CNTB). METHOD: Thirty-three patients with probable AD were treated with galantamine for three months and evaluated in a prospective, open-label, multi-center study. The CNTB and the ADAS-Cog were administered at baseline and after 12 weeks. The CNTB includes reaction time tests to evaluate attention, implicit and episodic memory for faces and words. Statistical comparisons were performed between the results in week 12 versus baseline. Patients who did not reach the therapeutic doses were excluded from the efficacy analysis. RESULTS: Four patients (12.1%) were excluded from the analysis either because of treatment discontinuation (n=3) or because a therapeutic dose was not reached (n=1). The remaining 29 patients were treated with doses of 24 mg/day (n=22) and 16 mg/day (n=7). After 12 weeks, significant reductions in reaction time were seen in the test of episodic memory for faces (p=0.023) and in the test of two-choice reaction time (p=0.039) of the CNTB. CONCLUSION: Treatment with galantamine produced improvement in computerized tests of attention and episodic memory after 12 weeks, leading to statistically significant reduction in the reaction times.

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15.

IV Diretrizes Brasileiras de Hipertensão Arterial Grupos de trabalho
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Gomes, Marco Antonio Mota

; Pierin, Angela Maria Geraldo

; Sbissa, Antonio Silveira

; Nogueira, Armando da Rocha

; Brandão, Ayrton Pires

; Rodrigues, Cibeli I. Saad

; Mello, Edgar Pessoa de

; Mello Filho, José Xavier de

; Bodanese, Luiz Carlos

; Toscano, Paulo

; Ferreira Filho, Sebastião

; Nobre, Fernando

; Tavares, Agostinho

; Lopes, Antonio Carlos

; Ribeiro, Jorge Pinto

; Ayoub, José Carlos Aydar

; Ribeiro, José Márcio

; Introcaso, Luiz

; Corrêa, Marcelo

; Maranhão, Mario

; Jabur, Pedro

; Nascimento, Raimundo Marques

; Cunha, Roberto de Sá

; Mulinari, Rogério Andrade

; Machado, Carlos Alberto

; Avila, Adriana

; Andrade, Clóvis Oliveira

; Rocha, João Carlos

; Lopes, Margarida Maria Veríssimo

; Arruda, Maria Cecília G. Marinho

; Azevedo, Maria Fátima

; Carvalho, Maria Helena C.

; Lipp, Marilda Novaes

; Kohlmann, Nárcia Elisa B.

; Jesus, Neide de

; Jardim, Paulo César da Veiga

; Amodeo, Celso

; Negrão, Carlos Eduardo

; Ferreira, Celso

; Cunha, Cláudio Pereira da

; Toscano, Eli

; Lima, Eliuden Galvão de

; Monego, Estelamaris Tronco

; Braga, Fátima Lúcia Machado

; Chaves Jr., Hilton de Castro

; Heiman, Joel

; Carvalho, Tales de

; Kohlmann Jr., Osvaldo

; Avezum, Alvaro

; Ribeiro, Artur Beltrame

; Gomes, Carlos Alberto

; Giorgi, Dante Marcelo Artigas

; Feitosa, Gilson

; Ohashi, Harue

; Ramirez, José Antonio Franchini

; Machado, Marcelo Marcondes

; Salgado Filho, Natalino

; Luna, Rafael Leite

; Franco, Roberto Jorge da Silva

; Santos, Robson Augusto dos

; Oigman, Wille

; Pascoal, Istênio Fernandes

; Massaro, Airton

; Atallah, Álvaro Nagib

; Brandão, Andréa

; Freitas, Elizabete Viana de

; Cordovil, Ivan

; Oliveira, José Egídio Paulo de

; Ramos, José Geraldo L.

; Zanella, Maria Teresa

; Wajngarten, Maurício

; Miranda, Roberto Dischinger

; Kahhale, Soubihe

; Koch, Vera

; Mion Jr., Décio

; Guimarães, Armênio C.

; Palmeira, Catia Sueli

; Forjaz, Claudia Lucia de Moraes

; Coelho, Eduardo B.

; Almeida, Fernando Antonio

; Pellizari, Isabel Cristina Estefano

; Ribeiro, Marcos Ausenka

; Batlouni, Michel

; Lotufo, Paulo

; Capelari, Regina Teresa

; Magalhães, Lucélia C.

; Afiune Neto, Abrahão

; Cury, Abrão

; Moreira, Alci

; Souza, Ana Luisa de

; Fuchs, Flavio Danni

; Lessa, Ines

; Malachias, Marcus V. Bolívar

; Bezerra, Romero

; Fuchs, Sandra

; Praxedes, José Nery

; Cambara, Antonio

; Lucon, Antonio Marmo

; Mendonça, Berenice

; Borelli, Flavio

; Silva, Helio B.

; Romão Jr., João Egidio

; Carvalho, José Gastão Rocha

; Santello, José Luiz

; Bortolotto, Luiz

; Matavelli, Luis Celso

; Pinheiro, Maria Eliete

; Guimarães, Valéria

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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mar 2004, Volume 82 Suppl. 4 Pages 5 - 5

Abstract: Pt | Text: Pt | PDF: Pt

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