RESUMO O pimentão, cultura de importância nutricional, destaca-se por seu valor de vitamina C. Diante da necessidade de práticas agrícolas sustentáveis, o estudo explorou o uso de biocarvões derivados de resíduos regionais como alternativa na cultura de pimentão. Nesse contexto, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de biocarvões provenientes de cama de frango, fibra de coco e palha de arroz, nas características biométricas e físico-químicas de frutos de pimentão verde, na produção de frutos por planta e na produtividade. A pesquisa foi conduzida em campo no delineamento em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 5 × 3 + 1, referentes a cinco doses de biocarvão (0, 3, 6, 9 e 12 t ha-1) e três tipos de biocarvão (fibra de coco, cama de aviário e palha de arroz) com quatro repetições, mais um tratamento adicional (adubação mineral). Foram avaliadas variáveis biométricas (comprimento e diâmetro dos frutos, espessura da casca, número de frutos, massa do fruto) e físico-químicas dos frutos (sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável, pH, vitamina C e teor de cinzas), produção e produtividade dos frutos. A produção de frutos de pimentão verde não foi influenciada pelos biocarvões, porém as doses de biocarvões influenciaram todas as variáveis analisadas com exceção da espessura da casca. Os teores de vitamina C e de sólidos solúveis foram maiores nos tratamentos com biocarvões e menores com adubação mineral. A maior influência na acidificação dos frutos foi com o biocarvão produzido com palha de arroz. nutricional destacase destaca se sustentáveis contexto objetivouse objetivou frango arroz físicoquímicas físico químicas casualizados 1 0, 0 (0 6 ha1 ha ha-1 repetições mineral . mineral) comprimento casca fruto titulável pH cinzas, cinzas , cinzas) ( ha-

ABSTRACT Bell pepper, a crop of nutritional importance, stands out for its vitamin C content. Given the need for sustainable agricultural practices, the present study explored the use of biochars derived from regional waste as an alternative in bell pepper cultivation. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of biochars from poultry litter, coconut fiber, and rice straw on the biometric and physicochemical characteristics of bell pepper fruits, on fruit production per plant and on fruit yield. The experiment was performed in the field in a randomized block design, in a 5 × 3 + 1 factorial scheme, referring to five doses of biochar (0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 t ha-1) and three types of biochar (coconut fiber, poultry litter, and rice straw) with four repetitions, plus an additional treatment (mineral fertilization). Biometric variables (fruit length and diameter, skin thickness, number of fruits, fruit mass) and physicochemical variables of the fruits (soluble solids, titratable acidity, pH, vitamin C, and ash content), production and yield of the fruits were evaluated. The production of bell pepper fruits was not influenced by biochars, but the doses of biochars influenced all variables analyzed with the exception of skin thickness. Vitamin C and soluble solids contents were higher in treatments with biochar and lower with mineral fertilizer. Biochar produced from rice straw had the greatest influence on fruit acidification. importance content practices cultivation context litter fiber design scheme 0, 0 (0 6 9 ha1 ha ha-1 repetitions fertilization. fertilization . fertilization) diameter thickness mass acidity pH content, , content) evaluated fertilizer acidification ( ha-

RESUMO Fontes não tradicionais de galactomananas são amplamente cultivadas na Região Nordeste do Brasil, como as sementes das espécies ornamentais Caesalpinia pulcherrima (flor-depavão) e Delonix regia (flamboiã). As galactomananas GM-CP e GM -DR, extraídas respectivamente dessas sementes, estão sendo estudadas como potenciais agentes terapêuticos, mas avaliações sistemáticas sobre a toxicidade aguda das mesmas ainda não foram relatadas. Grupos de três ratas receberam GM-CP ou GM-DR oral (300 mg kg-1), enquanto um grupo controle recebeu veículo (solução salina). Como não houve letalidade, outros grupos receberam doses de 2000 mg kg-1, o que também não causou letalidade. A coleta de órgãos e amostras de sangue foi feita no dia 14. A hipernocicepção mecânica e o influxo de células inflamatórias foram medidos em outros grupos que receberam doses intra-articulares de GM-CP ou GM-DR (200 µg, n = 5 por grupo). Ambas as galactomananas não evocaram alterações fisiológicas/comportamentais ou inflamação articular. Como a DL50 não foi inferior a 2000 mg kg-1, tais polissacarídeos podem ser alocados na classe 5 do Sistema Globalmente Harmonizado para Classificação e Rotulagem de Produtos Químicos. Brasil flordepavão flor depavão (flor-depavão flamboiã. flamboiã . (flamboiã) GMCP CP DR, DR -DR terapêuticos relatadas GMDR 300 (30 kg1, kg1 kg 1 , kg-1) solução salina. salina salina) letalidade 200 1, kg-1 14 intraarticulares intra articulares (20 µg grupo. grupo) fisiológicascomportamentais fisiológicas comportamentais articular DL DL5 Químicos (flamboiã 30 (3 20 kg- (2 3 ( 2

ABSTRACT Non-traditional galactomannans sources are widely cultivated in the Brazilian Northeast Region, such as the species Caesalpinia pulcherrima (peacock flower) and Delonix regia (flamboyant). The galactomannans GM-CP and GM-DR were extracted from the respective seeds and are being studied as potential therapeutic agents, but systematic evaluations on their acute toxicity are yet to be reported. Groups of three female rats received oral GMCP or GM-DR (300 mg kg-1), whereas a control group received vehicle (saline). Since there was no lethality, other groups received doses of 2000 mg kg-1, which also did not cause lethality. Organs and blood samples were collected on day 14. Mechanical hypernociception and inflammatory cell influx were measured in other groups receiving intra-articular doses of GM-CP or GM-DR (200 µg, n = 5 per group). Neither galactomannan evoked physiological / behavioral changes or joint inflammation. Since the LD50 was less than 2000 mg kg-1, such polysaccharides may be allocated in the class 5 of the Globally Harmonized System for Classification and Labelling of Chemicals. Nontraditional Non traditional Region peacock flower flamboyant. flamboyant . (flamboyant) GM CP GMDR DR agents reported 300 (30 kg1, kg1 kg 1 , kg-1) saline. saline (saline) lethality 200 1, kg-1 14 intraarticular intra articular (20 µg group. group) inflammation LD LD5 Chemicals (flamboyant 30 (3 (saline 20 kg- (2 3 ( 2

Abstract: Background: One specimen collected in Yoloxóchitl (San Luis Acatlán, Guerrero, Mexico) was initially reviewed by Michael Nee, who suggested that it could be a new species of the genus Cestrum, and commissioned to the first author to describe it. Questions: Do Cestrum populations from San Luis Acatlán, Guerrero, correspond to a new species for science? Studied species: Cestrum sp. nov. Study site and dates: Yoloxóchitl, Municipality of San Luis Acatlán, Guerrero; 2023-2024. Methods: The specialized bibliography on the genus Cestrum was examined, from which a list of species with similar morphology to the studied species was compiled, all of which were examined using high resolution digital photographs. A botanical exploration was carried out, locating three populations. A morphological analysis was conducted with the collected material. Results: Cestrum amithii is defined as a new species for science. This new species presents many differences in terms of floral and foliar characters from the other species of the genus. The most outstanding is its spathaceous calyx, which is markedly asymmetrical and large, with evident ribs and two to three lobes. C. amithii is known only from Yoloxóchitl, Guerrero, where it grows in sub-deciduous tropical forest vegetation, at elevations of 530-630 m asl. It is associated with seasonal streams and creeks. Conclusions: With this new discovery, the number of Cestrum species in the flora of Guerrero state increases to 16.

Resumen: Antecedentes: Un ejemplar colectado en Yoloxóchitl (San Luis Acatlán, Guerrero, México) fue anteriormente revisado por Michael Nee, quien sugirió que podría tratarse de una nueva especie del género Cestrum, y concedió al primer autor su descripción. Preguntas: Las poblaciones de Cestrum de San Luis Acatlán, Guerrero, corresponden a una nueva especie para la ciencia? Especies de estudio: Cestrum sp. nov. Sitio y años de estudio: Yoloxóchitl, Municipio de San Luis Acatlán, Guerrero; 2023-2024. Métodos: Se examinó bibliografía especializada en el género, obteniendo una lista de especies con morfología similar a la especie en estudio, las cuales se examinaron por medio de fotografías digitales de alta resolución. Se realizó una exploración botánica, ubicando tres poblaciones. Se realizó un análisis morfológico con el material colectado. Resultados: Se define a Cestrum amithii como una especie nueva para la ciencia, endémica de la comunidad de Yoloxóchitl, Guerrero. La nueva especie presenta diversas diferencias en cuanto a caracteres florales y foliares respecto a las otras especies del género, la más destacada es el cáliz espatáceo, éste es marcadamente asimétrico, de grandes dimensiones, con costillas evidentes y dos o tres lóbulos. C. amithii es endémica de México, distribuida en vegetación de bosque tropical subcaducifolio, en elevación de 530-630 m snm, sobre arroyos y corrientes estacionales. Conclusiones: Con este nuevo descubrimiento, en la flora del estado de Guerrero se contabilizan 16 especies del género Cestrum.

Abstract Ovine Enzootic Abortion (OEA) is caused by Chlamydia abortus and has recently been recognized as endemic in Mexico. Due to the impact of OEA on intensive lamb production, it is necessary to establish a sanitary control plan based on an efficient diagnosis. The loop-mediated isothermal amplification technique (LAMP) is a molecular test that can specifically identify C. abortus. The aim of this study was to standardize the LAMP technique for the specific detection of C. abortus in ovine vaginal exudates. Primers were identified and modified from an electronic database. The effective conditions of the technique were determined using synthetic DNA and positive biological samples by PCR as references. The assay detection limit was 1 × 10-5 of genetic material, equivalent to 8.5 copies. The standardized LAMP test is proposed as a novel molecular tool for the rapid and specific diagnosis of C. abortus infection from ovine vaginal exudate samples in Mexico.

Resumen El Aborto Enzoótico Ovino (AEO) es causado por Chlamydia abortus y ha sido reconocido recientemente como endémico en México. Debido al impacto del AEO en la producción intensiva de corderos, es necesario establecer un plan de control sanitario basado en un diagnóstico eficiente. La técnica de amplificación isotérmica mediada por bucle (LAMP) es una prueba molecular que puede identificar específicamente a C. abortus. El objetivo de este estudio fue estandarizar la técnica de LAMP para la detección específica de C. abortus a partir de exudado vaginal ovino. Los cebadores fueron identificados y modificados a partir de una base de datos electrónica. Las condiciones efectivas de la técnica se determinaron con ADN sintético y de muestras biológicas positivas por PCR como referencia. El límite de detección de la prueba fue de 1 × 10-5 de material genético, equivalente a 8.5 copias. Se propone el test de LAMP estandarizado como una nueva herramienta molecular para el diagnóstico rápido y específico de la infección por C. abortus a partir de muestras de exudado vaginal ovino en México.

Introdução: As doenças cardiovasculares (DCV) continuam a ser a principal causa de mortalidade em todo o mundo. A adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso é uma questão importante no manejo das DCV crônicas, influenciando diretamente os resultados e os custos com saúde. Objetivos: Esta revisão sistemática, apoiada pela Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia, avalia o impacto da baixa adesão aos medicamentos cardiovasculares em desfechos clínicos críticos, como morte e eventos cardiovasculares. Métodos: Foi realizada uma busca abrangente em quatro bases de dados, incluindo Medline, Embase, Lilacs e Cochrane Library. A revisão incluiu revisões sistemáticas com meta-análises que relataram estimativas de risco para a adesão aos medicamentos cardiovasculares. Foram selecionadas quatro revisões sistemáticas, cada uma incorporando estudos observacionais. Resultados: Os principais achados indicam que um aumento na adesão aos medicamentos reduz significativamente o risco de eventos cardiovasculares, acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) e morte por todas as causas. Especificamente, uma melhoria de 20% na adesão a medicamentos antihipertensivos, hipolipemiantes e outros medicamentos cardiovasculares correlacionou-se com reduções nos eventos cardiovasculares de 7%, 10% e 9%, respectivamente; AVC de 17%, 13% e 18%; e morte de 12%, 9% e 10%. A certeza das evidências foi moderada, sugerindo que esses efeitos provavelmente estão presentes. Esses achados enfatizam a importância de melhorar a adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso para aprimorar os resultados clínicos no manejo das DCV. Conclusões: As evidências demonstraram reduções em desfechos duros tanto na prevenção primária quanto secundária através do controle de condições como hipertensão e concentrações elevadas de colesterol LDL, bem como os benefícios da terapia antiplaquetária em doenças ateroscleróticas. No entanto, são necessários estudos adicionais para elucidar melhor a relação entre a adesão aos medicamentos cardiovasculares e a melhoria dos desfechos clínicos críticos.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Medication adherence is an important issue in managing chronic CVD, directly influencing outcomes and healthcare costs. Objectives: This systematic review, supported by the Brazilian Society of Cardiology, evaluates the impact of poor adherence to cardiovascular medications on critical clinical outcomes such as death and cardiovascular events. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across four databases, including Medline, Embase, Lilacs, and the Cochrane Library. The review included systematic reviews with meta-analyses that reported risk estimates for adherence to cardiovascular medications. Four systematic reviews, each incorporating observational studies, were selected. Results: The principal findings indicate that an increase in adherence to medications significantly reduces the risk of cardiovascular events, stroke, and all-cause death. Specifically, a 20% improvement in adherence to antihypertensive, lipid-lowering, and other cardiovascular medications correlated with reductions in cardiovascular events by 7%, 10%, and 9%, respectively; stroke by 17%, 13%, and 18%; and death by 12%, 9%, and 10%. The certainty of the evidence was moderate, suggesting that these effects are likely present. These findings emphasize the importance of enhancing medication adherence to improve clinical outcomes in CVD management. Conclusions: Evidence has demonstrated reductions in hard endpoints in both primary and secondary prevention through the control of conditions such as hypertension and elevated LDL cholesterol concentrations, as well as the benefits of antiplatelet therapy in atherosclerotic disease. However, additional studies are needed to better elucidate the relationship between adherence to cardiovascular medications and the improvement of critical clinical outcomes.

ABSTRACT To describe the effects of the 5% lidocaine patch on the symptomatic relief of Peruvian patients with postherpetic neuralgia. Case series report of adult patients with post-herpetic neuralgia admitted to and treated at the Air Force Central Hospital in Lima. Symptomatic relief was defined as the difference between the specified pain score before and after patch treatment. The pain score was evaluated by the visual analogue scale and the Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia scale, for patients with dementia. Twenty-two patients with postherpetic neuralgia (mean age 74.4 ( 12.40 years) were recruited, 17 of whom began topical therapy with lidocaine following oral systemic treatment. The main reasons for the decision to change were a persistent pain and the adverse effects of the preceding therapy. A statistically significant decrease in pain symptoms was observed after the use of the lidocaine patch (p<0.01), and no adverse reactions to the patch were reported during the follow-up period. A statistically significant pain reduction found after the use of topical treatment. New studies that overcome the limitations of this and others previously published, are suggested.

RESUMEN Describir los efectos del parche de lidocaína al 5 % en el alivio sintomático de pacientes peruanos con neuralgia posherpética Reporte de una serie de casos de pacientes adultos con neuralgia posherpética, admitidos y tratados en el Hospital Central de la Fuerza Aérea de Lima, Perú. El alivio sintomático del dolor por neuralgia posherpética fue definido como la diferencia entre la puntuación del dolor especificado antes y después del tratamiento con el parche. La puntuación fue evaluada mediante la escala visual analógica y la escala Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia para los pacientes con demencia. Se recolectaron 22 casos de pacientes con neuralgia posherpética (edad media de 74,4 ( 12,40 años), 17 de los cuales iniciaron la terapia tópica con lidocaína luego del tratamiento sistémico por vía oral. Las principales razones para el cambio fueron dolor persistente y efectos adversos de la terapia precedente. Se observó una disminución estadísticamente significativa del dolor y de los síntomas colaterales después del uso del parche de lidocaína (p < 0,01). No se reportó reacción adversa alguna al final del seguimiento. Se encontró reducción estadísticamente significativa del dolor posterior al inicio del tratamiento tópico. Se sugiere realizar nuevos estudios que superen las limitaciones de este y de otros previamente publicados.

Abstract This article focuses on the activity of the Coro da Juventude Musical Portuguesa (JMP, Choir of Lisbon), of Lisbon, from the end of the 1960s (c. 1969) until the end of the Portuguese revolutionary period (c. 1976). Considering that, throughout these periods, this choir sought to introduce innovative approaches in the processes of selection, interpretation and presentation of diverse repertoires in different contexts, I highlight the aesthetic and political meanings given by its members to practices that contributed to the dissemination of musical expressions originated from various regions of the country, as a way of appreciation of Portuguese popular culture. With the 25th of April 1974, I observe the reconfiguration of practices and repertoires and describe some of the different paths of the members of the JMP Choir, focusing on their activity and influence in the context of musical groups associated with political-party organizations.

Resumo Este artigo centra-se na atividade do Coro da Juventude Musical Portuguesa (JMP), de Lisboa, desde finais da década de 1960 (c. 1969) até ao fim do período revolucionário português (c. 1976). Considerando que, ao longo destes períodos, este coro procurou imprimir abordagens inovadoras nos processos de seleção, interpretação e apresentação de repertórios diversificados em diferentes contextos, destaco os significados estéticos e políticos conferidos pelos seus membros a práticas que contribuíram para a divulgação de expressões musicais oriundas de várias regiões do país, enquanto forma de valorização da cultura popular portuguesa. Com o 25 de Abril de 1974, observo a reconfiguração de práticas e repertórios e descrevo alguns dos diferentes percursos dos membros do Coro da JMP, visando a sua atividade e influência no contexto de grupos musicais associados a organizações político-partidárias.

Resumen El fosfito (Phi) es un bioestimulante que está recibiendo un interés creciente en la horticultura debido a que su aplicación en cultivos ha mejorado el rendimiento, calidad y la tolerancia a diversos tipos de estrés. Se evaluaron cuatro dosis crecientes de fosfito (0, 0.1, 0.3 y 0.5 mM) durante 30 días en condiciones in vitro en caña de azúcar (Saccharum spp.) durante la etapa de multiplicación. Se utilizaron las variedades CP 72-2086 y Mex 69-290 en las que se registraron variables de crecimiento (brotes, hojas y biomasa) y bioquímicas (clorofilas, carbohidratos, aminoácidos y proteínas). Para el análisis de datos se realizó análisis de varianza y se aplicó la prueba de Tukey (P ≤ 0.05) para la separación de las medias. La dosis de 0.3 mM Phi en la variedad CP 72-2086 incrementó la longitud, ancho y número de hojas; también incrementó el número de brotes y la concentración foliar de clorofilas a y b. El tratamiento con 0.3 mM Phi en la variedad Mex 69-290 aumentó el tamaño de brotes y longitud de hojas. Por lo tanto, el Phi tiene un papel crucial como bioestimulante inorgánico en variedades de caña de azúcar cultivadas in vitro, al mejorar las variables de crecimiento y bioquímicas.

Summary Phosphite (Phi) is a biostimulant that is receiving increasing interest in horticulture because its application in crops has improved yield, quality and tolerance to various types of stress. Four increasing doses of phosphite (0, 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 mM) were evaluated for 30 days under in vitro conditions in sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) during the multiplication stage. Varieties CP 72-2086 and Mex 69-290 were used in which growth (shoots, leaves and biomass) and biochemical (chlorophylls, carbohydrates, amino acids and proteins) traits were measured. For data analysis, analysis of variance was performed and Tukey’s test (P ≤ 0.05) was applied for the separation of means. The dose of 0.3 mM Phi in the variety CP 72-2086 increased the length, width and number of leaves; it also increased the number of shoots and leaf concentration of chlorophyll a and b. Treatment with 0.3 mM Phi in variety Mex 69-290 increased shoot size and leaf length. Therefore, Phi plays a crucial role as an inorganic biostimulant in in vitro-grown sugarcane varieties by improving growth and biochemical variables.

RESUMEN Antecedentes: Las condiciones climáticas en los países tropicales, ejercen un efecto significativo, sobre la producción de leche. Objetivo: Analizar las condiciones climáticas en la Empresa Pecuaria Genética Los Naranjos y su posible relación con el comportamiento de la producción de leche a 305 días. Materiales y métodos: Se dispuso de una base de datos de 12 625 registros de producción de leche, de vacas que tuvieron sus partos entre los años 2002 -2020 que se correspondieron con 7 711 animales. Se contó con los registros mensuales de la temperatura mínima (Tmin), media (Tmed) y máxima (Tmáx) en 0C, humedad relativa (HR) en % y se generó el índice temperatura-humedad (ITH), y a partir de este se realizó el cálculo de la Carga Calórica Acumulada (CCA) de los tres meses antes del parto. Además, se estimaron las heredabilidades (h2) y las correlaciones genéticas (rg) para las diferentes CCA. Resultados: Las medias generales obtenidas fueron: PL305: 1 624,45 ± 360.40 (kg/lactancia), ITH 76,34± 18,70 y CCA 229,21± 128,5. Todas las fuentes de variación estudiadas influyeron en forma significativa en la producción de leche a 305 días. Las h2 variaron entre 0,25 y 0,38 y las rg fueron todas positivas y más altas para los grupos de CCA más próximos. Conclusiones: Hubo relación inversa entre el ITH y la CCA con la producción de leche. Se evidencia la variabilidad genética aditiva para los diferentes grupos de CCA y las rg fueron positivas denotando cierta variabilidad genética para la adaptación al stress climático.

ABSTRACT Background: Climatic conditions in tropical countries have a significant effect on milk production. Aim: Analyze the climatic conditions at the Los Naranjos Genetic Livestock Company and its possible relationship with the behavior of milk production at 305 days. Materials and methods: A database of 12,625 milk production records was available, from cows that gave birth between the years 2002 -2020, which corresponded to 7,711 animals. There were monthly records of the minimum temperature (Tmin), average (Tmed) and maximum (Tmax) at 0C, relative humidity (RH) in % and the temperature-humidity index (ITH) was generated, and from this the performed the calculation of the Accumulated Caloric Load (CCA) for the three months before delivery. In addition, heritabilities (h2) and genetic correlations (rg) were estimated for the different CCAs. Results: The general means obtained were: PL305: 1 624.45 ± 360.40 (kg/lactation), ITH 76.34 ± 18.70 and CCA 229.21 ± 128.5. All sources of variation studied significantly influenced milk production at 305 days. The h2 ranged between 0.25 and 0.38 and the rgs were all positive and higher for the closer CCA groups. Conclusions: There was an inverse relationship between ITH and CCA with milk production. Additive genetic variability is evident for the different CCA groups and the rg were positive denoting certain genetic variability for adaptation to climatic stress.

Resumen El grado de calidad de piezas fabricadas por inyección de termoplásticos se puede establecer por el peso del producto, apariencia y mínimos defectos. Adicionalmente, las condiciones del proceso de inyección pueden inducir un efecto en el desempeño mecánico de las piezas inyectadas, donde los esfuerzos residuales de la pieza inyectada generados en el procesamiento pueden promover la formación de grietas o fallas prematuras del producto durante su uso al aplicarle una carga o fuerza externa. El propósito del presente trabajo es evaluar el efecto que genera el procesamiento por inyección en una pieza inyectada en el desempeño mecánico de esta. Para tal fin, se inyectaron probetas bajo diferentes condiciones de proceso y posteriormente estas fueron sometidas a pruebas mecánicas de flexión, algunas piezas fueron llevadas a un tratamiento térmico de recocido “annealing”, con el fin de obtener una relajación molecular que permita reducir sus esfuerzos internos o residuales generados durante el proceso de inyección. Adicionalmente, se hizo una evaluación cualitativa de la distribución de esfuerzos residuales en las piezas inyectadas mediante la técnica de fotoelasticidad, para complementar y validar los resultados de las pruebas mecánicas. Se halló en los resultados de las muestras inyectadas a temperatura de molde de 50 ºC una mayor liberación de esfuerzos residuales de acuerdo con las imágenes de fotoelasticidad analizadas y un mayor porcentaje de incremento en la resistencia a la flexión de estas piezas al aplicar el tratamiento térmico. Lo que podría sugerir una mayor generación de esfuerzos residuales a esta temperatura de molde con respecto a la temperatura de molde recomendada de 80 ºC. El efecto de tratamiento térmico mejora significativamente el desempeño mecánico de todas las piezas evaluadas a las diferentes condiciones de proceso.

Abstract The quality of parts manufactured by thermoplastics injection molding can be evaluated based on product weight, appearance, and presence of defects. Furthermore, the conditions of the injection process can significantly influence the mechanical performance of the molded parts. Residual stresses generated during plastic processing may contribute to the formation of cracks or premature failures when the product is subjected to external loads or forces. This study aims to evaluate the effects of the injection process on an injected part and how they affect its mechanical performance. For this purpose, specimens were injected under different process conditions and, subsequently, employed in a. Some parts were also subjected to annealing (a thermal treatment) to induce molecular relaxation, which helps to reduce internal or residual stresses generated during the injection process. Additionally, a qualitative evaluation of the distribution of residual stresses in the injected parts was conducted using the s technique to complement and validate the results of the mechanical tests. The results of the specimens injected at a mold temperature of 50°C showed a greater release of residual stresses, as indicated in photoelasticity images analyzed here, and a noticeable increase in flexural strength if the heat treatment had been applied. This suggests that more residual stresses are produced at 50°C than at the recommended mold temperature of 80°C. The heat treatment significantly improved the mechanical performance of all the parts injected in this study under different processing conditions.

RESUMO Processo de salinização do solo afeta negativamente o crescimento e o rendimento de culturas economicamente valiosas, como a soja. Com o objetivo de minimizar os danos causados pelo estresse salino e melhorar o desempenho das culturas, novas tecnologias estão sendo desenvolvidas. Neste contexto, o uso de bioestimulantes na agricultura pode oferecer uma alternativa para mitigar os efeitos deletérios da salinidade. O extrato da alga Ascophyllum nodosum e substâncias húmicas (ácidos fúlvicos) são comumente empregados. Portanto, o estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a ação de um bioestimulante composto pelo extrato da alga marinha A. nodosum e ácidos fúlvicos aplicados em diferentes estádios fenológicos sobre parâmetros biométricos, bioquímicos e fisiológicos da soja (Glycine max) submetida à irrigação com água salina. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 3 x 2 + 2, referente a três aplicações do bioestimulante em diferentes estádios fenológicos da soja: V3, V3R1 e V3R1R4, dois níveis de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação (CEa): 0,5 (S0) e 5,0 dS m-1 (S1), dois controles adicionais, um com controle positivo (PC) e outro com controle negativo (NC). O experimento contou com cinco repetições e uma planta por parcela. Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que a aplicação do bioestimulante pode ser uma alternativa na mitigação dos efeitos nocivos do estresse salino em soja. Os resultados foram obtidos com a aplicação V3R1 nos parâmetros diâmetro do caule, área foliar, massa seca da parte aérea, extravasamento de eletrólitos e clorofila b representam maior eficiência na mitigação dos efeitos nocivos da salinidade no cultivo da soja. valiosas desenvolvidas contexto empregados Portanto A biométricos Glycine max salina V3 V VR R V3R V3R1R4 VRR CEa (CEa) 05 0 5 0, S0 S (S0 50 5, m1 m 1 m- S1, S1 , (S1) adicionais PC (PC NC. NC . (NC) parcela caule foliar aérea V3R1R (CEa (S (S1 (NC

ABSTRACT Soil salinization negatively affects the growth and yield of economically valuable crops such as soybeans. New technologies are being developed to minimize the damage caused by saline stress and improve crop performance. Therefore, the use of biostimulants in agriculture may offer an alternative method to mitigate the deleterious effects of salinity. Extracts of the seaweed, Ascophyllum nodosum and humic substances (fulvic acids) are commonly used. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the action of a biostimulant composed of A. nodosum seaweed extract and fulvic acid applied at different phenological stages on the biometric, biochemical, and physiological parameters of soybeans (Glycine max) subjected to irrigation with saline water. The experimental design used was completely randomized in a 3 × 2 + 2 factorial scheme, referring to three applications of the biostimulant at different soybean phenological stages: V3, V3R1, and V3R1R4, two levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water (ECw): 0.5 (S0) and 5.0 dS m-1 (S1), two additional controls, one with a positive control (PC) and the other with a negative control (NC). The experiment had five replicates with one plant per plot. The results of this study suggest that the application of the biostimulant can mitigate the harmful effects of salt stress in soybeans. The results obtained with V3R1 application in the parameters stem diameter, leaf area, shoot dry mass, electrolyte leakage, and chlorophyll b represent greater efficiency in mitigating the harmful effects of salinity in soybean cultivation. performance Therefore acids A biometric biochemical Glycine max scheme V3 V VR R V3R1R4 VRR ECw (ECw) 05 0 5 0. S0 S (S0 50 5. m1 m 1 m- S1, S1 , (S1) controls PC (PC NC. NC . (NC) plot V3R diameter area mass leakage cultivation V3R1R (ECw (S (S1 (NC

Abstract Traditional post-fire forest management can influence future vegetation composition and recovery of a burned area. The present study, integrated in SUDOE-REMAS project (SOE3/P4/E0954) and Curricular Unit Silviculture II (Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa), evaluated the effect of forest management on the diversity of post-fire vegetation in the cork oak forest from Serra do Caldeirão (Algarve, Portugal). Climate is classified as Csa and most of soils are Leptosols. We selected three types of cork oak plots: unburned (A), burned with post-fire management (B) and burned with post-fire abandonment (C). Floristic inventories were carried out through transects (15 transects per group and each one with 10 m of length ) to determine species abundance and diversity. Hill series diversity indices were estimated for the individuals inventoried. The results indicated that plots C present greater diversity in all Hill Series indices. Plots A presented greater diversity when compared to B. The species Lavandula stoechas ssp. luisieri Rozeira was the dominant in the 3 groups (19% in plots A, 17% in B and 19% in C). In the burned plots (B+C), Cistus ladanifer L. represented 14% of the total individuals, with or without management. In the unburned plots (A), Ulex argenteus Welw. ex Webb representes 17% of the individuals present. There’s a greater presence of pyrophytic species (genera Cistus and Ulex) in burned plots, with or without management. Fire is favourable to species diversity but not to their resistance to new fires. Nevertheless, management of herbaceous flora in burned plots seems to positively influence vegetation composition and diversity.

Resumo A gestão florestal tradicional pós-fogo pode influenciar a vegetação futura do local e a recuperação da área ardida. O presente estudo, integrado no projeto SUDOE-REMAS (SOE3/P4/E0954) e na Unidade Curricular de Silvicultura II ministrada no Instituto Superior de Agronomia da Universidade de Lisboa, avaliou o efeito da gestão florestal na diversidade da vegetação pós-fogo no sobreiral da Serra do Caldeirão (Algarve, S de Portugal). A maioria dos solos são classificados como Leptossolos e o clima é do tipo Cs. Selecionaram-se parcelas de 3 tipos: não ardidas com gestão pós-fogo (A), ardidas com gestão pós-fogo (B) e ardidas sem gestão pós-fogo (C). Efetuaram-se inventários florísticos através de transeptos (15 transeptos por tipologia), com 10 m de comprimento cada, para avaliação da abundância e diversidade de espécies. Estimaram-se os índices de diversidade da série de Hill para os indivíduos inventariados. Os resultados indicaram que as parcelas do tipo C apresentam maior diversidade em todos os índices da Série de Hill. As parcelas A apresentaram maior diversidade quando comparadas com as parcelas B. A espécie Lavandula stoechas ssp. luisieri Rozeira é a espécie dominante nos 3 grupos (19% in plots A, 17% in B and 19% in C). Nas parcelas ardidas (B+C), Cistus ladanifer L. representa 14% dos indivíduos presentes, com ou sem gestão. Verificou-se maior presença de espécies pirófitas (géneros Cistus e Ulex) nas parcelas ardidas, com ou sem gestão. Este estudo aponta que o fogo pode favorecer a diversidade de espécies mas não a resistência das mesmas a novos fogos. Ainda assim, a gestão da flora herbácea nas parcelas ardidas parece influenciar positivamente a composição e diversidade.

Reuse made by the separation of whey can reduce the waste of human milk. However, the authors are not aware of the literature on treatments in human whey, made available by pasteurization holder, freeze-drying, spray drying, and high hydrostatic pressure. In this context, the present study applied treatments to human whey and evaluated their lipid and immunological quality. Among the results, a different formation in the triacylglycerol profile was evidenced after the application of spray drying and high hydrostatic pressure, while pasteurization and freeze-drying presented ion intensity close to the control human whey. In addition, pasteurization proved to be adequate for lipid nutritional quality and transformation factor-β1 (TGF-β1) concentration, while an increase in interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels was promoted, between 73 and 80%, after freeze-drying, spray drying, and high hydrostatic pressure. Through the principal component analysis, it is noteworthy that the processes presented divergences in terms of the effects caused, with similarity only between pasteurization and freeze-drying in the composition of fatty acids. However, it was observed that all processes were able to maintain the nutrients. Nevertheless, it is relevant to consider individual characteristics presented and the interest in the desired quality, which can be promising as a complementary product to infant feeding. milk However holder freezedrying, freezedrying freeze pressure context results addition factorβ1 factorβ factor β1 β factor-β TGFβ1 TGFβ TGF (TGF-β1 concentration interleukin10 interleukin 10 interleukin-1 IL10 IL (IL-10 promoted 7 80 80% analysis caused acids nutrients Nevertheless feeding (TGF-β interleukin1 1 interleukin- IL1 (IL-1 8 (IL- (IL

ABSTRACT Objective: To define a reference chart comparing pressure drop vs. flow generated by a set of arterial cannulae currently utilized in cardiopulmonary bypass conditions in pediatric surgery. Methods: Cannulae from two manufacturers were selected considering their design and outer and inner diameters. Cannula performance was evaluated in terms of pressure drop vs. flow during simulated cardiopulmonary bypass conditions. The experimental circuits consisted of a Jostra HL-20 roller pump, a Quadrox-i pediatric oxygenator (Maquet Cardiopulmonary AG, Rastatt, Germany), and a custom pediatric tubing set. The circuit was primed with lactated Ringer’s solution only (first condition) and with human packed red blood cells added (second condition) to achieve a hematocrit of 30%. Cannula sizes 8 to 16 Fr were inserted into the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit with a “Y” connector. The flow was adjusted in 100 ml/min increments within typical flow ranges for each cannula. Pre-cannula and post-cannula pressures were measured to calculate the pressure drop. Results: Utilizing a pressure drop limit of 100 mmHg, our results suggest a recommended flow limit of 500, 900, 1400, 2600, and 3100 mL/min for Braile arterial cannulae sizes 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16 Fr, respectively. For Medtronic DLP arterial cannulae sizes 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16 Fr, the recommended flow limit is 600, 1100, 1700, 2700, and 3300 mL/min, respectively. Conclusion: This study reinforces discrepancies in pressure drop between cannulae of the same diameter supplied by different manufacturers and the importance of independent translational research to evaluate components’ performance. Objective vs surgery Methods diameters HL20 HL 20 HL-2 pump Quadroxi Quadrox i Maquet AG Rastatt Germany, Germany , Germany) Ringers Ringer s first condition second 30 30% 1 Y “Y connector 10 mlmin ml min cannula Precannula Pre postcannula post Results mmHg 500 900 1400 2600 310 mLmin mL 12 14 respectively 600 1100 1700 2700 330 Conclusion components HL2 2 HL- 3 50 90 140 260 31 60 110 170 270 33 5 9 26 6 11 17 27