Resumo Enquadramento: a implementação de tecnologias baseadas em Inteligência Artificial (IA) na área da saúde, nomeadamente o machine learning (ML), tem causado um efeito transformacional significativo. A sua utilização melhora a previsão de doenças, classificação e diagnóstico, beneficiando os utentes e os profissionais de saúde. Objetivo: mapear as ferramentas de ML para a gestão de doenças crónicas, com relevância para os cuidados de enfermagem à pessoa com doença crónica. Metodologia: scoping review com base nas recomendações do Instituto Joanna Briggs. A pesquisa foi efetuada nas bases de dados MEDLINE Complete via PUBMED, CINAHL Complete via EBSCO, SCOPUS, OpenGrey, RCAAP e DART-Europe, sem limite de temporal. Resultados: foram incluídos sete artigos e identificadas 9 ferramentas de ML associados à gestão de doenças crónicas nomeadamente doença renal crónica, doença pulmonar obstrutiva crónica, hepatite C, insuficiência cardíaca e insuficiência venosa crónica. Conclusão: as ferramentas identificadas têm potencial de contribuir para a melhoria dos cuidados de enfermagem, nomeadamente na identificação de fatores de risco associados a doenças crónicas, detetar precocemente exacerbações, monitorizar e avaliar continuamente a eficácia do tratamento e apoiar a tomada de decisões clínicas.

Resumen Marco contextual: la implantación de tecnologías basadas en Inteligencia Artificial (IA) en el sector sanitario, en particular el aprendizaje automático (AM), ha tenido un importante efecto transformador. Su uso mejora la predicción, clasificación y diagnóstico de enfermedades, beneficiando tanto a los usuarios como a los profesionales sanitarios. Objetivo: mapear las herramientas de ML para la gestión de enfermedades crónicas, con relevancia para los cuidados de enfermería a personas con enfermedades crónicas. Metodología: revisión de alcance basada en las recomendaciones del Instituto Joanna Briggs. Se utilizaron las bases de datos MEDLINE Complete vía PUBMED, CINAHL Complete vía EBSCO, SCOPUS, OpenGrey, RCAAP y DART-Europe, sin límite de tiempo. Resultados: se incluyeron siete artículos y se identificaron 9 herramientas de IA asociadas a la gestión de enfermedades crónicas, a saber, la enfermedad renal crónica, la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica, la hepatitis C, la insuficiencia cardiaca y la insuficiencia venosa crónica. Conclusión: las herramientas identificadas tienen potencial para contribuir a la mejora de los cuidados de enfermería, especialmente en la identificación de factores de riesgo asociados a enfermedades crónicas, la detección precoz de exacerbaciones, el seguimiento continuo y la evaluación de la eficacia del tratamiento y el apoyo a la toma de decisiones clínicas.

Abstract Introduction: Due to their relative rarity, the natural history of iliac artery aneurysms and treatment outcomes are poorly understood. However, IAA treatment has evolved, and nowadays, there are a variety of open surgery, endovascular therapy, and hybrid options. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of endovascular treatment versus open surgery for patients with iliac artery aneurysms. Methods: A systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA statement. An online search was conducted using the Medline database from January 2014 to January 31st, 2023. Only original articles in English or Portuguese, reporting on a minimum of 5 cases, were considered. Studies were included if reporting at least one of the following outcomes: peri-operative complications, length of stay (LS), and 30-day mortality. The software Review Manager 5.4 was used for data analysis. Results: The database search identified 418 articles, of which 413 records were excluded by screening by title/abstract, and five were read in full and subsequently included. A total of 1837 patients were included. Open surgery was performed in 29.02% (442/1523) and endovascular in 70.58% (1075/1523). More than half of endovascular cases included internal iliac artery preservation techniques (iliac branch design grafts). Patients undergoing endovascular treatment were significantly older (mean difference [MD]: 5.49, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.34 to 8.65) and more likely to have congestive heart failure (odd ratio [OR]: 3.74, 95% CI: 1.24-11.27). On the other hand, patients undergoing open surgery were more often smokers (OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.42-0.82). The primary outcome - 30-day mortality - was significantly higher for open surgery (OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.19-0.61). Considering other peri-operative outcomes, patients undergoing open surgery presented with longer length of hospital stay (MD: -4.68, 95% CI: -6.43 to -2.92), higher risk of surgical wound infection (OR: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.10-0.94), renal failure (OR: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.18-0.75) and respiratory infection (OR: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.11-0.33). No significant differences regarding buttock claudication and leg and bowel ischemia were found. The 30-day reintervention rates weren´t significantly different for open and endovascular surgery (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.33-2.1). Conclusion: Endovascular treatment of iliac artery aneurysms can reduce 30-day mortality, peri-operative complications and length of hospitalization. No differences were identified regarding 30-day reintervention rates. Consequently, endovascular treatment has gained preference over open surgery as the initial approach for patients with suitable anatomy. No other meta-analysis in the literature compares the results of open surgery and endovascular treatment, particularly the results of new endovascular techniques (iliac branch design grafts). Comparing long-term reintervention rates will be essential in the future.

Abstract Introduction: Carotid revascularization is a well-established technique for preventing stroke in patients with significant symptomatic or asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis. Carotid artery stenting (CAS) has become an alternative to carotid endarterectomy (CEA), especially in high-risk surgical patients. However, restenosis after CAS is a potentially severe complication that can impact the medium and long-term success of the procedure and increase the risk of cerebrovascular events. Methods: Relevant articles on restenosis after carotid stenting were searched in the PubMed database. The selected studies were evaluated for quality and relevance, and the information was summarized to provide an overview of the causes, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment options for restenosis after CAS due to atherosclerotic carotid artery disease. Results: Restenosis after CAS can occur due to various factors, including thrombosis, intimal hyperplasia, and stent migration. Several risk factors have been identified, such as age, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and smoking. Restenosis can be diagnosed with carotid Doppler ultrasound, contrast-enhanced computed tomography, or arteriography. Treatment options include angioplasty with or without rescue stent placement, CEA associated with stent explantation, or medical treatment. Conclusion: Restenosis after carotid stenting is a potentially serious complication. It is especially important to identify the risk factors for restenosis and maintain close follow-up with patients after the procedure. The treatment of restenosis should be individualized. Further studies are needed to define the best strategies for preventing and treating restenosis after carotid stenting.

ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of a pelvic floor muscle (PFM) rehabilitation programme in overcoming faecal incontinence (FI). Methodology: a case study of a 64-year-old, self-employed teacher diagnosed with FI because of rectal prolapse surgery. A Pelvic Floor Muscle Training (PFMT) programme was carried out, one session/week for 16 weeks, supervised by anorectal biofeedback. Each session took 45 minutes, of which 20 minutes was for PFMT and the rest for physical examination, manual therapy, massage and patient teaching/recording: symptom diary, supervision of diet management, bowel training, defecation techniques/postures and emotional support. In the first session (T0) and the last (T1), an anamnesis, Wexner Index, Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS) and Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life (FIQL) were also taken. The results showed gains in PFM strength, which went from grade 2 to 4 on the modified Oxford scale; in quality of life (QoL), absence of faecal losses, stools went from consistency type 2 to 4 on the BSFS. Conclusion: the uropelvic rehabilitation programme proved to be effective in re-educating the PFM and significantly improved the participant's QoL.

RESUMO O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a eficácia de um programa de reabilitação dos Músculos do Pavimento Pélvico (MPP) para superar a Incontinência Fecal (IF). Metodologia: estudo de caso com uma participante de 64 anos, professora, autónoma, com diagnóstico de IF devido a sequela de cirurgia a prolapso retal. Realizou-se um programa de Treino dos Músculos do Pavimento Pélvico (TMPP), de uma sessão/semana, durante 16 semanas, supervisionado por Biofeedback anorretal. Cada sessão demorou 45 minutos, dos quais 20 minutos para TMPP e o restante para o exame físico, terapia manual, massagem e ensinos/registos da doente: diário de sintomas, supervisão da gestão da alimentação, treino intestinal, técnicas/posturas de defecação e suporte emocional. Na primeira sessão (T0) e na última (T1), foi ainda efetuado a anamnese, Índice de Wexner, Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS) e Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life (FIQL). Os resultados evidenciaram ganhos na força dos MPP, que evoluíram de grau 2 para 4 na escala de Oxford modificada; na qualidade de vida (QdV), ausência de perdas fecais, as fezes passaram de consistência tipo 2 para 4 na BSFS. Conclusão: o programa de reabilitação uropélvica, mostrou-se eficaz na reeducação dos MPP e melhorou significativamente a QdV da participante.

Abstract The Federal University of Goiás (UFG) and the University of Brasília (UnB), in partnership with the company Eletrobras Furnas, have developed research and, based on this, extension projects aimed at education in a broad sense, in which they seek to disseminate and popularise technical-scientific knowledge. This paper aims to present and evaluate educational actions carried out in the area of soil science and geotechnics applied to engineering, geography, and the environment. To do so, the educational experiences developed within the scope of two extension projects are shared. Besides that, the relevance of publishing books and primer, with language adapted to lay society, within the scope of research projects, is analysed. The results collected regarding the effectiveness of the extension actions as a tool for learning point to a positive evaluation by the students. Furthermore, social networks are an important tool for scientific dissemination and have the potential to disseminate knowledge more widely than in a classroom course. By comparing the number of citations in Google Scholar of the books and booklets with the papers arising from these projects, one can observe the reach of this type of publication, although its purpose is the popularisation of science, with reach in places not considered in the technical-scientific publication metrics. Finally, for effective scientific development, it is necessary to have public policies, effective interaction between universities, research centres and schools, and the participation of professional associations, funding and evaluation agencies, Education Departments and the Ministry of Education, Science, Technology, and Innovation. UFG (UFG UnB, UnB , (UnB) Furnas sense technicalscientific technical engineering geography environment so shared that primer society analysed students Furthermore course metrics Finally development policies universities schools associations agencies Science Technology Innovation (UnB

Abstract: In Theobroma grandiflorum (cupuassu) orchards, efficient nutrient management is essential to achieve high yields and fruit quality. Thus, fertilization programs should be guided by the concentration of nutrients exported by fruits, as observed with other fruit species. The aim of this study was to quantify the export of macro and micronutrients by fruits of cupuassu genotypes, in order to guide nutrient replacement recommendations replacement. Six cupuassu genotypes (‘BRS Careca’, ‘BRS Fartura’, ‘BRS Duquesa’, ‘BRS Curinga’, ‘BRS Golias’ and ‘genotype 63’) were used, and 40 fruits per genotype were sampled, totaling 240 fruits, in the municipality of Tomé-Açu (Pará/Brazil). Fruits were broken and manually pulped and then separated into peel, seed and pulp. In each fruit part, the contents of macro and micronutrients were analyzed, and later extrapolated to ton of fresh fruits. Potassium was the macronutrient most exported by cupuassu fruits, and ‘genotype 63’ accounted for the largest exports per ton of fresh fruits of this nutrient. The export of nutrients per ton of fresh fruits followed this order for macronutrients (kg ton-1): K (4.34), N (2.73), P (0.54), Mg (0.40), S (0.29), Ca (0.26) and for micronutrients (g ton-1): Zn (6.24), Fe (4.97), Mn (3.49), Cu (2.45), Ni (0.18) and Mo (0.11). The average replacement per plant and per year, during the productive phase, for the five Cupuassu genotypes is 471 g of K2O, 326 g of N, 245 g of P2O5, 27 g of CaO, 56 g of MgO, 63 g of SO4-2 and 15 g of Fritted Trace Elements (FTE). Abstract (cupuassu orchards quality Thus species BRS Careca, Careca , Careca’ Fartura, Fartura Fartura’ Duquesa, Duquesa Duquesa’ Curinga, Curinga Curinga’ Golias used 4 sampled 24 ToméAçu Tomé Açu Pará/Brazil. ParáBrazil Pará/Brazil . Pará Brazil (Pará/Brazil) peel pulp part analyzed kg ton1 1 ton-1) 4.34, 434 4.34 34 (4.34) 2.73, 273 2.73 2 73 (2.73) 0.54, 054 0.54 0 54 (0.54) 0.40, 040 0.40 (0.40) 0.29, 029 0.29 29 (0.29) 0.26 026 26 (0.26 6.24, 624 6.24 6 (6.24) 4.97, 497 4.97 97 (4.97) 3.49, 349 3.49 3 49 (3.49) 2.45, 2.45 45 (2.45) 0.18 018 18 (0.18 0.11. 011 0.11 11 (0.11) year phase 47 K2O KO O 32 P2O5 PO CaO 5 MgO SO42 SO SO4 SO4- FTE. FTE (FTE) (Pará/Brazil ton-1 43 4.3 (4.34 2.7 7 (2.73 05 0.5 (0.54 04 0.4 (0.40 02 0.2 (0.29 (0.2 62 6.2 (6.24 4.9 9 (4.97 3.4 (3.49 2.4 (2.45 0.1 01 (0.1 (0.11 P2O (FTE ton- 4. (4.3 2. (2.7 0. (0.5 (0.4 (0. 6. (6.2 (4.9 3. (3.4 (2.4 (4. (2. (0 (6. (3. (4 (2 ( (6 (3

Resumo: Em pomares de Theobroma grandiflorum, o manejo eficiente dos nutrientes é fundamental para alcançar altas produtividades e qualidade dos frutos. Nesse sentido, um programa de adubação deve ser norteado pela quantidade de nutrientes exportados pelos frutos, como vem sendo utilizado em outras frutíferas. O objetivo deste estudo foi quantificar a exportação de macro e de micronutrientes nos frutos degenótipos de cupuaçuzeiro, a fim de nortear a recomendação da adubação de reposição. Foram empregados seis genótipos de cupuaçuzeiro (BRS Careca, BRS Fartura, BRS Duquesa, BRS Curinga,BRS Golias e o genótipo 63), sendo 40 frutos por genótipo, totalizando 240 frutos, no município Tomé-Açu (Pará/Brasil). Os frutos foram quebrados e despolpados manualmente e, em seguida, separados em casca, semente e polpa. Em cada parte do fruto, foram analisados os teores de macro e de micronutrientes; posteriormente, extrapolados para tonelada de frutos frescos. O potássio foi o macronutriente mais exportado pelos frutos de cupuaçuzeiro,sendo o genótipo 63 responsável pelas maiores exportações por toneladas defrutos frescos desse nutriente. A exportação dos nutrientes por tonelada de frutos frescosobedeceu à seguinte ordem para os macronutrientes (kg t-1): K (4,34), N (2,73), P (0,54), Mg (0,40), S (0,29)e Ca (0,26); e para os micronutrientes (g t-1): Zn (6,24), Fe (4,97), Mn(3,49), Cu (2,45), Ni (0,18) e Mo (0,11). A reposição média por planta e por ano, durante a fase produtiva, para os cinco genótipos de Cupuaçu é de 471 g de K2O, 326 g de N, 245 g de P2O5, 27g de CaO, 56 g de MgO, 63 g de SO4-2 e 15 g de FTE (Fritted Trace Elements). Resumo grandiflorum sentido frutíferas Careca Fartura Duquesa CuringaBRS Curinga 63, , 63) 4 24 ToméAçu Tomé Açu Pará/Brasil. ParáBrasil Pará/Brasil . Pará Brasil (Pará/Brasil) seguida casca polpa fruto posteriormente cupuaçuzeirosendo 6 nutriente kg t1 t 1 t-1) 4,34, 434 4,34 34 (4,34) 2,73, 273 2,73 2 73 (2,73) 0,54, 054 0,54 0 54 (0,54) 0,40, 040 0,40 (0,40) 0,29e 029e 0,29 29 0,26 026 26 (0,26) 6,24, 624 6,24 (6,24) 4,97, 497 4,97 97 (4,97) Mn3,49, Mn349 Mn 3,49 3 49 Mn(3,49) 2,45, 2,45 45 (2,45) 0,18 018 18 (0,18 0,11. 011 0,11 11 (0,11) ano produtiva 47 K2O KO 32 P2O5 PO CaO 5 MgO SO42 SO SO4 SO4- Fritted Elements. Elements Elements) (Pará/Brasil t-1 43 4,3 (4,34 27 2,7 7 (2,73 05 0,5 (0,54 04 0,4 (0,40 29e 029 0,2 02 (0,26 62 6,2 (6,24 4,9 9 (4,97 Mn3 Mn3,49 Mn34 349 3,4 Mn(3,49 2,4 (2,45 0,1 01 (0,1 (0,11 P2O t- 4, (4,3 2, (2,7 0, (0,5 (0,4 (0,2 6, (6,2 (4,9 Mn3,4 3, Mn(3,4 (2,4 (0, (4, (2, (6, Mn3, Mn(3, (0 (4 (2 (6 Mn(3 ( Mn(

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the survival time of patients diagnosed with malignant neoplasms who were recommended surgical spine treatment. Methods: For survival analysis, in March 2024, all cases that underwent spinal surgery in 2020 were collected from the Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), a reference hospital in the city of São Paulo, to analyze the survival of this population. Results: 62 cases were identified; 35 (56.5%) died in the follow-up period of up to 54 months after surgery, with 29 (44.5%) deaths occurring in the first 12 months of post-operative follow-up, with a median of 17.5 months. Conclusions: The first 12 months after surgery are critical in relation to death and non-smoking, and the absence of systemic treatment had a statistically significant impact on postoperative survival. Level of Evidence III; Retrospective Study. Objective Methods analysis 2024 202 ICESP, ICESP , (ICESP) population Results 6 identified 3 56.5% 565 56 5 (56.5% followup follow 2 44.5% 445 44 (44.5% 1 post operative followup, up, 175 17 17. Conclusions nonsmoking, nonsmoking non smoking, smoking non-smoking III Study 20 (ICESP 56.5 (56.5 44.5 4 (44.5 56. (56. 44. (44. (56 (44 (5 (4 (

RESUMO: Objetivo: Analisar o tempo de sobrevida dos pacientes com diagnóstico de neoplasias malignas que receberam indicação de tratamento cirúrgico da coluna vertebral Métodos: Para análise de sobrevida, em março de 2024 foram levantados todos os casos que foram operados da coluna vertebral no ano de 2020, do Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), hospital de referência da cidade de São Paulo, com o objetivo de analisar a sobrevida desta população. Resultados: Foram identificados 62 casos, 35 (56,5%) foram a óbito, no período de seguimento de até 54 meses após a cirurgia, sendo que 29 (44,5%) óbitos ocorreram nos primeiros 12 meses de seguimento pós operatório, com mediana de 17,5 meses. Conclusões: Os primeiros 12 meses após a cirurgia são críticos em relação ao óbito e o não tabagismo e a ausência de tratamento sistêmico impactaram de maneira estatisticamente significativa na sobrevida pós-operatória. Nível de Evidência III; Estudo Retrospectivo. RESUMO Objetivo Métodos 202 2020 ICESP, ICESP , (ICESP) população Resultados 6 3 56,5% 565 56 5 (56,5% 2 44,5% 445 44 (44,5% 1 operatório 175 17 17, Conclusões pósoperatória. pósoperatória operatória. operatória pós-operatória III Retrospectivo 20 (ICESP 56,5 (56,5 44,5 4 (44,5 56, (56, 44, (44, (56 (44 (5 (4 (

RESUMEN: Objetivo: Analizar el tiempo de supervivencia de los pacientes diagnosticados de neoplasias malignas a quienes se les recomendó tratamiento quirúrgico de la columna. Métodos: Para el análisis de supervivencia, en marzo de 2024, se recogieron todos los casos sometidos a cirugía de columna en 2020 en el Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), hospital de referencia de la ciudad de São Paulo, con el objetivo de analizar la supervivencia de esta población. Resultados: Se identificaron 62 casos, 35 (56,5%) fallecieron, en el período de seguimiento de hasta 54 meses después de la cirugía, ocurriendo 29 (44,5%) muertes en los primeros 12 meses de seguimiento postoperatorio, con una mediana 17,5 meses. Conclusiones: Los primeros 12 meses después de la cirugía son críticos en relación con la muerte y el no fumar y la ausencia de tratamiento sistémico tuvo un impacto estadísticamente significativo en la supervivencia postoperatoria. Nivel de Evidencia III; Estudio Retrospectivo. RESUMEN Objetivo Métodos 2024 202 ICESP, ICESP , (ICESP) población Resultados 6 3 56,5% 565 56 5 (56,5% fallecieron 2 44,5% 445 44 (44,5% 1 postoperatorio 175 17 17, Conclusiones postoperatoria III Retrospectivo 20 (ICESP 56,5 (56,5 44,5 4 (44,5 56, (56, 44, (44, (56 (44 (5 (4 (

Abstract Objective To identify the potentialities and shortcomings involved in the applicability of nursing teleconsultation to older adults in Primary Care during the pandemic. Method A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive study was carried out from March to April 2022 of 30 nurses working in Primary Care in the city of Florianópolis, Santa Catarina state, Brazil. Data were collected through semi-structured individual interviews and analyzed using Minayo Thematic Analysis involving three stages: pre-analysis; exploring the material; and treatment and interpretation of the results obtained using inductive analysis. Results The potentialities of nursing teleconsultation included expanding access to health services; providing continuity of care and protection for older adults during the pandemic period and transcending geographical barriers in care delivery. The shortcomings involved difficulties with the use of technologies by the older individuals, breakdowns in the communication process, and the need for the presence of a family member or caregiver during teleconsultations. Conclusion Teleconsultation in nursing is a technology used in many countries that has gained traction in Brazil due to the coronavirus pandemic and become an important resource for expanding access, providing care continuity and maintaining the bond between family health teams, older adults and their relatives. However, this technology needs further improvement to overcome the difficulties experienced by both users and professionals in its use. qualitative exploratory 202 3 Florianópolis state semistructured semi structured stages preanalysis pre analysis pre-analysis material services delivery individuals process teleconsultations teams relatives However 20 2

Resumo Objetivo Identificar as potencialidades e fragilidades envolvidas na aplicabilidade da teleconsulta de enfermagem à pessoa idosa na Atenção Primária à Saúde durante a pandemia. Método Estudo qualitativo, do tipo exploratório-descritivo, realizado de março a abril de 2022, com 30 enfermeiros atuantes na Atenção Primária do município de Florianópolis, em Santa Catarina, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados mediante entrevistas individuais semiestruturadas e analisados por meio de Análise Temática de Minayo, seguindo três etapas: pré-análise, exploração do material, tratamento dos resultados obtidos e interpretação; com uso de análise indutiva. Resultados Dentre as potencialidades da teleconsulta de enfermagem destacam-se: ampliação do acesso aos serviços de saúde, continuidade do cuidado e proteção ao idoso durante período pandêmico e possibilidade de levar o atendimento para além de barreiras geográficas. As fragilidades envolveram dificuldades com o uso dos meios tecnológicos por parte dos idosos, falhas no processo de comunicação e a necessidade da presença do familiar ou cuidador no momento da teleconsulta. Conclusão A teleconsulta em enfermagem é uma tecnologia já utilizada em diversos países que ganhou visibilidade no Brasil diante do advento da pandemia provocada pelo coronavírus e se tornou um importante recurso de ampliação do acesso, continuidade do cuidado e manutenção do vínculo entre a equipe de saúde da família com as pessoas idosas e seus familiares. Todavia, essa tecnologia ainda necessita de melhor aperfeiçoamento para superar as dificuldades vivenciadas em sua utilização tanto por usuários quanto por profissionais. qualitativo exploratóriodescritivo, exploratóriodescritivo exploratório descritivo, descritivo exploratório-descritivo 2022 3 Florianópolis Catarina Minayo etapas préanálise, préanálise pré análise, pré-análise material interpretação indutiva destacamse destacam destacam-se geográficas idosos familiares Todavia profissionais 202 20 2

ABSTRACT Waste pickers constitute a marginalized demographic engaged in the collection of refuse, facing considerable occupational hazards that heighten their susceptibility to contract infectious diseases. Moreover, waste pickers contend with societal stigmatization and encounter barriers to accessing healthcare services. To explore the viral profile of waste pickers potentially linked to their occupational environment, we conducted a metagenomic analysis on 120 plasma specimens sampled from individuals employed at the Cidade Estrutural dumpsite in Brasilia city, Brazil. In total, 60 blood donors served as a comparative control group. Specimens were pooled and subjected to Illumina NextSeq 2000 sequencing. Viral abundance among waste pickers revealed the presence of significant pathogens, including HIV, HCV, and Chikungunya, which were not detected in the control group. Additionally, elevated levels of anelloviruses and Human pegivirus-1 were noted, with a comparable incidence in the control group. These findings underscore the utility of metagenomics in identifying clinically relevant viral agents within underserved populations. The implications of this study extend to informing public health policies aimed at surveilling infectious diseases among individuals facing socioeconomic disparities and limited access to healthcare resources. refuse Moreover services environment 12 city Brazil total 6 group 200 sequencing pathogens HIV HCV Chikungunya Additionally pegivirus1 pegivirus 1 pegivirus- noted populations resources 20 2

ABSTRACT Objective: The frequency of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is high. The clinical course of non-IPF interstitial lung disease (ILD) can be similar to that of IPF. We sought to assess the frequency and predictors of OSA in patients with non-IPF fibrotic ILD, as well as the impact of positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy on the quality of life of such patients. Methods: This was a prospective study in which non-IPF fibrotic ILD patients underwent a home sleep apnea test. The patients with and without OSA were compared, and a multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify independent predictors of OSA. At 3 months after initiation of PAP therapy, we evaluated the participating patients for respiratory events, nocturnal hypoxemia, and changes in quality of life. Results: Of a total of 50 patients, 50% were male, and 76% were diagnosed with OSA. The mean age was 67.8 ± 8.3 years. The patients with OSA had significantly lower TLC (p = 0.033) and awake SpO2 (p = 0.023) than did those without OSA. In the multivariate logistic regression model, SpO2 (OR = 0.46; p = 0.016) and TLC (OR = 0.95; p = 0.026) remained significantly associated with OSA risk. A total of 12 patients received PAP therapy. At 3 months after initiation of PAP therapy, 91.7% were well controlled, Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores decreased significantly (p = 0.006), and emotional well-being tended to improve (p = 0.068). PAP therapy corrected nocturnal hypoxemia in all patients. Conclusions: We found a high frequency of OSA in patients with non-IPF fibrotic ILD. A low TLC was an independent predictor of a higher risk of OSA. PAP therapy can correct nocturnal hypoxemia. There should be a low threshold for suspicion of OSA and initiation of PAP therapy in patients with non-IPF fibrotic ILD. Objective (OSA IPF (IPF nonIPF non (ILD (PAP Methods test compared events Results 5 male 76 678 67 8 67. 83 8. years 0.033 0033 0 033 SpO 0.023 0023 023 OR 0.46 046 46 0.016 0016 016 0.95 095 95 0.026 0026 026 1 917 91 7 91.7 controlled 0.006, 0006 0.006 , 006 0.006) wellbeing being 0.068. 0068 0.068 . 068 0.068) Conclusions 6 0.03 003 03 0.02 002 02 0.4 04 4 0.01 001 01 0.9 09 9 91. 000 0.00 00 0.06 06 0.0 0.

ABSTRACT Objective: To capacitate pregnant women to comply with measures designed to prevent sudden infant death syndrome. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted before and after the intervention that included pregnant women attending the Course of Preparation for Childbirth and Parenthood of Health Centers Cluster. Six training sessions were given in the context of preventing this syndrome. Three questionnaires were applied, one to evaluate the knowledge of pregnant women before classes, other was submitted after the sessions, and another, one month after the birth of the babies, to identify what skills were acquired and which were practiced. Results: Among 77 studied pregnant women, 70 answered pre-session questionnaire and the proportion of correct answers varied from from 60.0% to 84.3%. After the intervention, 64 women answered the questionnaire and the proportion of correct answers varied between 79.7% and 100% . Prior to the intervention, the most wrong answers were related to the role of smoking as a risk factor for sudden infant death syndrome and to the use of pacifiers as a protective measure. After the sessions, all women answered correctly to the questions concerning where the baby should sleep and the safest way to lay the baby in the cradle. Conclusions: Health education with the aim of establishing measures may have a significant impact in terms of care delivery and mortality rate caused by sudden infant death syndrome. Objective Methods quasiexperimental quasi experimental Cluster applied classes another babies practiced Results 7 presession pre session 600 60 0 60.0 843 84 3 84.3% 6 797 79 79.7 100 measure cradle Conclusions 60. 8 84.3 79. 10 84. 1

RESUMO Objetivo: Capacitar as grávidas para o cumprimento de medidas de prevenção da síndrome de morte súbita do lactente. Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo quase-experimental pré- e pós-intervenção que integrou as grávidas que frequentavam o Curso de Preparação para o Parto e Parentalidade do Agrupamento de Centros de Saúde. Foram ministradas seis sessões formativas no âmbito da prevenção desta síndrome. Três questionários foram aplicados, um para avaliar os conhecimentos das gestantes antes das aulas, outro foi submetido após as sessões, e outro, um mês após o nascimento dos bebês para identificar que conhecimentos foram adquiridos e quais foram praticados. Resultados: Da amostra de 77 grávidas, relativamente ao questionário pré-sessão (n=70), obteve-se uma proporção de respostas corretas entre 60,0–84,3%. Posteriormente à intervenção (n=64), verificou-se um incremento dos conhecimentos com 79,7–100% de acertos. Previamente à intervenção, as respostas mais erradas às questões eram inerentes ao papel do tabagismo como fator de risco para síndrome de morte súbita do lactente e ao uso da chupeta como medida protetora. Após as sessões, todas as mulheres responderam corretamente às questões relativas ao local onde o bebê deve dormir e à forma mais segura de colocar o bebê no berço. Conclusões: Este projeto demonstrou que a educação para a saúde com o intuito de instituir medidas pode ter um impacto significativo em termos de prestação de cuidados e taxa de mortalidade por síndrome de morte súbita do lactente. Objetivo Métodos Realizouse Realizou se quaseexperimental quase experimental pré pósintervenção pós Saúde aplicados aulas praticados Resultados 7 présessão sessão n=70, n70 n n=70 , 70 (n=70) obtevese obteve 600843 60 0 84 3 60,0–84,3% n=64, n64 n=64 64 (n=64) verificouse verificou 797100 79 100 79,7–100 acertos protetora berço Conclusões n7 n=7 (n=70 60084 6 8 60,0–84,3 n6 n=6 (n=64 79710 10 79,7–10 n= (n=7 6008 60,0–84, (n=6 7971 1 79,7–1 (n= 600 60,0–84 797 79,7– (n 60,0–8 79,7 60,0– 79, 60,0 60,

Abstract Brazil has emerged as the world's largest producer of annatto seeds (Bixa orellana L.). Fortunately, the increase in national production has been accompanied by an improvement in the quality of this raw material. Annatto is a typical crop of small producers who usually use their empirical knowledge to evaluate the quality of the crop. Thefore, the visual observation of the color of annatto seeds has been considered a quality standard by many producers. To evaluate the scientific evidence, the present study evaluated annatto seeds from 51 accessions of the germplasm bank of the Agronomic Institute (Instituto Agronômico de Campinas - IAC) to determine a possible correlation between the pigment’s contents and the color of annatto seeds as well as the influence of humidity on this correlation. The correlations between the concentrations of pigments, humidity, lipids, and color (L*, a*, b*) were also evaluated. The color was evaluated using a colorimeter with measurements of the CIE L*, a*, b* scale. Only the correlation between the variables moisture and lipids was considered strong through the simple correlation, while the variables bixin content and coordinate a* presented a significant correlation while eliminating the effect of moisture (partial correlation). Thus, a correlation between the red color and the bixin concentration of annatto seeds was observed even though it was a weak correlation. In turn, the color difference (ΔEab) between the samples with higher and lower bixin contents was only 1.44. This difference indicates that large variations in the bixin concentrations may lead to small color changes in the annatto seeds, impairing the use of this criterion for quality control of these seeds. worlds world s Bixa L.. L L. . L.) Fortunately material Thefore evidence 5 Instituto IAC pigments pigment (L* b L* scale partial correlation) Thus turn ΔEab (ΔEab 144 1 44 1.44 (L 14 4 1.4 1.

Resumo O Brasil tem se firmado como o maior produtor mundial de sementes de urucum (Bixa orellana L.). Felizmente, o aumento da produção nacional tem sido acompanhado por uma melhoria da qualidade dessa matéria-prima. O urucum é uma cultura típica de pequenos produtores, que em geral usa seu conhecimento empírico para avaliar a qualidade do material que está produzindo. A observação visual da cor das sementes de urucum tem sido considerada padrão de qualidade por muitos produtores. Para avaliar as evidências científicas, o presente estudo avaliou amostras de sementes de urucum de 51 acessos do banco de germoplasma do Instituto Agronômico de Campinas (IAC), para determinar se existe correlação entre as concentrações de pigmentos com a cor das sementes e a influência da umidade nessa correlação. Foram avaliadas também as correlações entre as concentrações de pigmentos, umidade, lipídios e a cor (L*, a*, b*). Para a avaliação da cor, utilizamos um colorímetro com a medida da cor pelo sistema CIE L*, a*, b*. Apenas a correlação simples entre as variáveis Umidade e Lipídios foi considerada forte, pela classificação usada neste estudo. Quando se remove o efeito da Umidade (correlação parcial), apenas as variáveis bixina e a* apresentaram correlação significativa, considerada fraca pela classificação utilizada. Portanto, mesmo considerada fraca, há uma correspondência entre a cor vermelha das sementes de urucum com a concentração de bixina das amostras estudadas. Contudo, a diferença da cor (ΔEab) entre as amostras com maior e menor teor de bixina foi de apenas 1,44. Essa diferença indica que grandes variações nas concentrações de bixina nas sementes de urucum podem levar a pequenas variações de cor, dificultando o uso desse critério para o controle de qualidade desses grãos. Bixa L.. L L. . L.) Felizmente matériaprima. matériaprima matéria prima. prima matéria-prima produtores produzindo científicas 5 IAC, IAC , (IAC) (L* b b* b*) L* forte parcial, parcial parcial) significativa utilizada Portanto estudadas Contudo ΔEab (ΔEab 144 1 44 1,44 grãos (IAC (L 14 4 1,4 1,