Abstract Objective: To assess factors associated with emotional changes and Hyperactivity/Inattention (HI) motivated by COVID-19 quarantine in adolescents with immunocompromising diseases. Methods: A cross-sectional study included 343 adolescents with immunocompromising diseases and 108 healthy adolescents. Online questionnaires were answered including socio-demographic data and self-rated healthcare routine during COVID-19 quarantine and validated surveys: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL4.0). Results: The frequencies of abnormal emotional SDQ scores from adolescents with chronic diseases were similar to those of healthy subjects (110/343 [32%] vs. 38/108 [35%], p = 0.548), as well as abnormal hyperactivity/inattention SDQ scores (79/343 [23%] vs. 29/108 [27%], p = 0.417). Logistic regression analysis of independent variables associated with abnormal emotional scores from adolescents with chronic diseases showed: female sex (Odds Ratio [OR = 3.76]; 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) 2.00–7.05; p < 0.001), poor sleep quality (OR = 2.05; 95% CI 1.08–3.88; p = 0.028) and intrafamilial violence during pandemic (OR = 2.17; 95% CI 1.12–4.19; p = 0.021) as independently associated with abnormal emotional scores, whereas total PedsQL score was inversely associated with abnormal emotional scores (OR = 0.95; 95% CI 0.93–0.96; p < 0.0001). Logistic regression analysis associated with abnormal HI scores from patients evidenced that total PedsQL score (OR = 0.97; 95% CI 0.95–0.99; p = 0.010], changes in medical appointments during the pandemic (OR = 0.39; 95% CI 0.19–0.79; p = 0.021), and reliable COVID-19 information (OR = 0.35; 95% CI 0.16–0.77; p = 0.026) remained inversely associated with abnormal HI scores. Conclusion: The present study showed emotional and HI disturbances in adolescents with chronic immunosuppressive diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic. It reinforces the need to promptly implement a longitudinal program to protect the mental health of adolescents with and without chronic illnesses during future pandemics. Objective HyperactivityInattention Hyperactivity Inattention (HI COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 Methods crosssectional cross sectional 34 10 sociodemographic socio demographic selfrated self rated surveys SDQ, , (SDQ) PSQI, PSQI (PSQI) 40 4 0 4. PedsQL4.0. PedsQL40 PedsQL4.0 . PedsQL4 (PedsQL4.0) Results 110/343 110343 110 (110/34 32% 32 [32% vs 38108 38 38/10 35%, 35 35% [35%] 0.548, 0548 0.548 548 0.548) hyperactivityinattention hyperactivity inattention 79/343 79343 79 (79/34 23% 23 [23% 29108 29 29/10 27%, 27 27% [27%] 0.417. 0417 0.417 417 0.417) Odds OR 3.76 376 3 76 3.76] 95 (95 2.00–7.05 200705 2 00 7 05 0.001, 0001 0.001 001 0.001) 2.05 205 1.08–3.88 108388 1 08 88 0.028 0028 028 2.17 217 17 1.12–4.19 112419 12 0.021 0021 021 0.95 095 0.93–0.96 093096 93 96 0.0001. 00001 0.0001 0.0001) 0.97 097 97 0.95–0.99 095099 99 0.010, 0010 0.010 010 0.010] 0.39 039 39 0.19–0.79 019079 0.021, 0.35 035 0.16–0.77 016077 16 77 0.026 0026 026 Conclusion pandemics COVID1 COVID- (SDQ (PSQI PedsQL4. (PedsQL4.0 110/34 11034 11 (110/3 [32 3810 38/1 [35% 054 0.54 54 79/34 7934 (79/3 [23 2910 29/1 [27% 041 0.41 41 3.7 37 9 (9 2.00–7.0 20070 000 0.00 2.0 20 1.08–3.8 10838 8 0.02 002 02 2.1 21 1.12–4.1 11241 0.9 09 0.93–0.9 09309 0000 0.000 0.95–0.9 09509 0.01 01 0.3 03 0.19–0.7 01907 0.16–0.7 01607 (PedsQL4. 110/3 1103 (110/ [3 381 38/ [35 0.5 5 79/3 793 (79/ [2 291 29/ [27 04 0.4 3. ( 2.00–7. 2007 0.0 2. 1.08–3. 1083 1.12–4. 1124 0. 0.93–0. 0930 0.95–0. 0950 0.19–0. 0190 0.16–0. 0160 (PedsQL4 110/ (110 [ 79/ (79 2.00–7 200 1.08–3 1.12–4 112 0.93–0 093 0.95–0 0.19–0 019 0.16–0 016 (PedsQL (11 (7 2.00– 1.08– 1.12– 0.93– 0.95– 0.19– 0.16– (1 2.00 1.08 1.12 0.93 0.19 0.16 1.0 1.1 0.1 1.

Abstract Background: Elderly patients are more susceptible to Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) and are more likely to develop it in severe forms, (e.g., Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome [ARDS]). Prone positioning is a treatment strategy for severe ARDS; however, its response in the elderly population remains poorly understood. The main objective was to evaluate the predictive response and mortality of elderly patients exposed to prone positioning due to ARDS-COVID-19. Methods: This retrospective multicenter cohort study involved 223 patients aged ≥ 65 years, who received prone position sessions for severe ARDS due to COVID-19, using invasive mechanical ventilation. The PaO2/FiO2 ratio was used to assess the oxygenation response. The 20-point improvement in PaO2/FiO2 after the first prone session was considered for good response. Data were collected from electronic medical records, including demographic data, laboratory/image exams, complications, comorbidities, SAPS III and SOFA scores, use of anticoagulants and vasopressors, ventilator settings, and respiratory system mechanics. Mortality was defined as deaths that occurred until hospital discharge. Results: Most patients were male, with arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus as the most prevalent comorbidities. The non-responders group had higher SAPS III and SOFA scores, and a higher incidence of complications. There was no difference in mortality rate. A lower SAPS III score was a predictor of oxygenation response, and the male sex was a risk predictor of mortality. Conclusion: The present study suggests the oxygenation response to prone positioning in elderly patients with severe COVID-19-ARDS correlates with the SAPS III score. Furthermore, the male sex is a risk predictor of mortality. Background Disease2019 Disease 2019 Disease-201 COVID19 COVID 19 (COVID-19 forms e.g., eg e g (e.g. ARDS. . [ARDS]) however understood ARDSCOVID19. ARDSCOVID19 ARDSCOVID 19. ARDS-COVID-19 Methods 22 6 years COVID19, 19, COVID-19 ventilation PaO2FiO2 PaOFiO PaO2 FiO2 PaO FiO PaO2/FiO 20point point 20 records data laboratoryimage laboratory image exams complications comorbidities scores vasopressors settings mechanics discharge Results nonresponders non responders rate Conclusion COVID19ARDS COVIDARDS Furthermore Disease201 201 Disease-20 COVID1 1 (COVID-1 e.g. (e.g [ARDS] ARDSCOVID1 ARDS-COVID-1 2 COVID-1 PaO2FiO Disease20 Disease-2 (COVID- e.g [ARDS ARDS-COVID- COVID- Disease2 Disease- (COVID ARDS-COVID

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of increasing levels of spineless cactus (SC) [Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) Salm Dyck] on nutrient intake, ingestive behaviour, and performance of lambs in a feedlot. Thirty-two male (non-castrated) Santa Inês lambs with a mean initial body weight (BW) of 20.4 ± 2.60 kg were distributed across four levels of spineless cactus: zero, 24, 52, and 75% of total diet dry matter (DM). Over 56 days, the animals had their intake and performance monitored. The inclusion of SC influenced (p<0.05) in a quadratic way the dry matter intake and total digestible nutrients, but linearly decreased (p<0.05) the neutral detergent fiber intake. Drinking water intake decreased linearly (p<0.05) with the inclusion of SC in the diet. The inclusion of SC influenced (p<0.05) in a quadratic way the digestibility of organic matter in the diet. The increase in the level of SC in the diet increased linearly (p<0.05) the feeding and rumination efficiencies of the lambs. The maximum daily gain of 0.237 kg/day was achieved with 44% SC in the diet. It is recommended to include up to 40% of spineless cactus in the diet of lambs. (SC Nopalea L. L (L. Dyck behaviour feedlot Thirtytwo Thirty two noncastrated non castrated (non-castrated BW (BW 204 20 4 20. 260 2 60 2.6 zero 24 52 75 DM. DM . (DM) 5 days monitored p<0.05 p005 p 0 05 (p<0.05 nutrients 0237 237 0.23 kgday day 44 40 (L 26 6 2. 7 (DM p<0.0 p00 (p<0.0 023 23 0.2 p<0. p0 (p<0. 02 0. p<0 (p<0 p< (p< (p

RESUMO Objetivou-se com o presente estudo avaliar o consumo e a digestibilidade de nutrientes, o comportamento ingestivo e o desempenho de caprinos alimentados com genótipos de palma forrageira resistentes à cochonilha-carmim (miúda ou orelha-de-elefante-mexicana (OEM). Trinta cabritos machos, castrados, sem raça definida, com idades entre 12 e 14 meses e peso corporal médio de 19,0±2,8kg, foram distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, em três tratamentos (controle - feno de tifton; miúda e OEM) e 10 repetições; o peso inicial foi considerado a covariável. O consumo de matéria orgânica (MO) e de fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) foi maior no tratamento controle; enquanto a ingestão de CNF foi maior na dieta OEM. Tratamentos contendo palma forrageira apresentaram as maiores digestibilidades de MS, MO e CNF. Os animais alimentados com a dieta controle gastaram mais tempo em ruminação e em mastigação total, mas o tempo gasto com alimentação ou a eficiência alimentar e o desempenho não diferiram. A utilização de genótipos de palma forrageira resistentes à cochonilha-carmim (miúda e orelha-de-elefante-mexicana) na dieta de caprinos, na quantidade de 450g/kg de MS, não interfere no desempenho dos animais e melhora a digestibilidade de MO e CNF.

ABSTRACT The objective was to evaluate the intake and digestibility of nutrients, ingestive behavior, and performance of goats fed with spineless cactus genotypes resistant to carmine cochineal (Miúda or Orelha de Elefante Mexicana (OEM). Thirty castrated male goats, without defined breed, aged 12 to 14 months, with an average body weight of 19.0±2.8kg, were distributed in a completely randomized design among three treatments (Control - Tifton hay, Miúda, and OEM) and ten replicates; the initial weight was considered as the covariate. The intake of organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) was highest in the control treatment, while the intake of NFC was higher in the OEM diet. Treatments containing forage cactus showed the highest digestibility of DM, OM, and NFC. The animals fed the control diet spent more time on rumination and total chewing, but the time spent feeding or feeding efficiency, and performance did not differ. The use of spineless cactus genotypes resistant to carmine cochineal (Miúda and Orelha de Elefante Mexicana) in a diet for goats, in the amount of 450g/kg of DM does not interfere with the performance of the animals and improves the digestibility of OM and NFC.

The objective was to evaluate the effect of increasing the dietary inclusion of spineless cactus (Nopalea cochenillifera Salm Dyck) on the carcass characteristics and meat quality of confined lambs. Thirty-two male Santa Inês lambs with an average age of 140 days and an initial body weight of 20.4 ± 2.60 kg were used in this study. The lambs were housed in individual stalls for 70 days and individually fed a ration with spineless cactus included at 0, 241, 519, or 753 g/kg of dry matter (DM). The lambs were slaughtered, and characteristics of the carcass and meat were recorded and analysed. Inclusion of spineless cactus had a quadratic effect on the bodyweight at slaughter and on the empty bodyweight of the lambs. The inclusion of 500 g/kg of spineless cactus provided the highest predicted cold carcass weight (16.03 kg). There was a quadratic effect of the inclusion of spineless cactus on the weight of meat cuts and leg composition of lambs. The inclusion of spineless cactus did not influence pH, tenderness, and water-retention capacity of the meat. However, the intramuscular fat content increased 1 mg for every 10 g/kg inclusion of spineless cactus in the diet. Quadratic effects were observed of the inclusion of spineless cactus on the weights of the liver, heart, rumen, blood, skin and internal fat of the lambs. Up to 500 g/kg of spineless cactus could be included in the diet of confined lambs.

A cirurgia endoscópica por orifícios naturais (NOTES) representa um novo conceito de cirurgia, caracterizada por ausência de incisões abdominais. Os acessos mais comumente usados são o transvaginal e o transgástrico. Entretanto, as rotas transcolônica e transretal representam alternativas promissoras. O presente estudo objetiva avaliar três diferentes técnicas de sutura retal em três suínos submetidos a NOTES transretal para biópsia hepática, avaliando-se concomitantemente as repercussões clínicas e hematológicas. Sob anestesia geral, foi realizada uma incisão transversal no reto para a passagem do endoscópio até a cavidade abdominal em todos os animais para a realização da biópsia hepática. Cada animal recebeu um tipo de sutura retal: sutura em dois planos; reforço com tela de polipropileno ou reforço com membrana de pericárdio bovino. A NOTES transretal em modelo experimental suíno não apresentou implicações clínicas e hematológicas importantes, o que demonstra um acesso alternativo para biópsia hepática. Nenhum animal apresentou sinais de peritonite, aderências ou deiscência de pontos. O uso de reforço com pericárdio bovino para a sutura retal apresenta um atraso na cicatrização quando comparado com a sutura convencional ou com o uso de tela de polipropileno.

Conduziu-se um experimento com o objetivo de avaliar a influência do período de coalimentação na sobrevivência e no crescimento de larvas de Betta splendens. As larvas foram alimentadas com náuplios de Artemia durante sete dias e, posteriormente, submetidas aos seguintes tratamentos: jejum contínuo; ração contínua; quatro dias de coalimentação + 14 dias de ração; oito dias de coalimentação + 10 dias de ração; 12 dias de coalimentação + seis dias de ração; náuplios de Artemia durante todo o período experimental. Os valores das variáveis de desempenho das larvas do tratamento 12 dias de coalimentação + seis dias de ração e do tratamento náuplios de Artemia foram superiores aos demais tratamentos, exceto para sobrevivência, em que não houve diferença significativa com o tratamento oito dias de coalimentação + 10 dias de ração. Considerando-se apenas o tempo de oferta de Artemia (em dias), obteve-se a equação de regressão para as variáveis analisadas. A sobrevivência e a taxa de crescimento específico (TCE) apresentaram efeito quadrático, e as demais variáveis apresentaram efeito linear. O ponto de máxima para sobrevivência foi de 21,7 dias (88,92%) e para TCE foi de 26,2 dias (23,47% dia-1). O período de co-feeding influencia no crescimento e na sobrevivência de larvas de Betta splendens. Após o período de 19 dias de oferta de alimento vivo, com 12 dias de coalimentação, as larvas estão aptas a aproveitar de maneira eficiente o alimento inerte sem prejuízos ao crescimento e à sobrevivência.

An experiment was carried out to evaluate the influence of the period of co-feeding on survival and growth of Betta splendens larvae. The following strategies for co-feeding were used: continuous fasting, 18 days of inert diet, 4 days of co-feeding + 14 days of inert diet; 8 days of co-feeding + 10 days of inert diet; 12 days of co-feeding + 6 days of inert diet, nauplii of Artemia throughout the experiment period. The values of performance variables for larvae with 12 days of treatment for co-feeding + 6 days of inert diet and the nauplii treatment with Artemia were higher than the other treatments, except for survival, which did not differ significantly from the treatment with 8 days of co-feeding + 10 days of inert diet. Considering only the supply time for Artemia (in days) the regression equation was obtained for the variables analyzed. The survival and specific growth rate (SGR) showed a quadratic effect and other variables showed a linear effect. The point of maximum survival was 21.7 days (88.92%) and for SGR it was 26.2 days (23.47 % day-1). The co-feeding period influences the survival and growth of the Betta splendens larvae. After the period of 19 days of supply of live food, with 12 days of co-feeding, larvae can be fed exclusively on inert diet, without negative effects on growth and survival.

Ainda existem muitas lacunas sobre a geração do vento solar e, o que se sabe, é fundamentado principalmente em observações. Isso se deve principalmente à sua complexa origem e à falta de medidas in situ nas regiões onde o mesmo é acelerado. Porém, na órbita da Terra suas características são muito bem conhecidas e constantemente monitoradas. A interação do vento com o campo magnético terrestre leva à criação de diversas regiões distintas da magnetosfera e, uma vez que as condições sejam favoráveis, leva também às chamadas atividades geomagnéticas. O estudo das variações na atividade geomagnética controlada pelas condições do vento solar se faz totalmente justificado do ponto de vista acadêmico. Do ponto de vista prático, tais variações podem, por exemplo, prejudicar o funcionamento de sistemas de solo e a bordo de satélites devido ao aumento das correntes atmosféricas e da radiação que chega até o planeta, aumentando assim a importância desse tipo de pesquisas. Esse artigo apresenta uma breve revisão de alguns dos principais efeitos da interação entre o vento solar e a magnetosfera terrestre.

Nowadays, there are a lot of doubts about solar wind generation and most of what is known comes from observations. This is because its generation is too complex and the non-existence of observations in the regions where the wind is accelerated. However, near the Earth its features are well known and always measured. Solar wind interaction with the Earth magnetosphere leads to the formation of several magnetospheric regions. If the conditions are favorable such interaction leads also to geomagnetic activity. Studying geomagnetic activity variations caused by solar wind conditions is a main topic in space physics. For practical and technological aplications such variations can, for instance, damage ground and onbord satellites sistems because of the enhancement in atmospheric currents and levels of radiation, making this kind of research so important. This paper presents a brief revision about some of the main effects of solar wind and Earth's magnetosphere interaction.

Ondas de Alfvén são ondas transversais que se propagam ao longo das linhas de campo magnético e podem ser geradas em qualquer fluido eletricamente condutor permeado por um campo magnético. Foram deduzidas em 1942 por Hannes Alfvén através das equações do eletromagnetismo e da hidrodinâmica. A confirmação experimental de sua existência ocorreu sete anos depois, através do estudo de ondas em mercúrio líquido. Já se sabe que essas ondas constituem um mecanismo importante de transporte de energia e momentum em vários sistemas hidromagnéticos, tanto astrofísicos quanto geofísicos. Foram observadas em plasmas interplanetários, na fotosfera solar e na magnetosfera terrestre, onde podem causar as atividades magnéticas chamadas HILDCAAs. Pela sua alta ocorrência e pelo seu papel na ligação e troca de informações entre regiões distintas do espaço, constituem um campo de investigação de interesse crescente, tanto através do seu estudo no meio interplanetário e em laboratórios, quanto por simulações computacionais.

Alfvén waves are transversal waves that propagate along magnetic field lines. They can be generated in any fluid able to conduct electricity and in the presence of a magnetic field. The waves were matematically discovered in 1942 by Hannes Alfvén using electromagnetic and hidrodinamic equations. Experimental confirmation of their existence took place seven years later by investigations about waves in liquid mercury. It is known that these waves are an important mechanism of energy and momentum transport in many hidromagnetic system, both astrophysical and geophysical. The waves have been observed in interplanetary plasmas, at the solar photosphere and terrestrial magnetosphere, where they can lead to magnetic activities called HILDCAAs. Due to their high level of ocurrence and important role in the connection and exchange of information between different regions of space, the waves constitute an important field of study, through their investigation in the interplanetary space and laboratories and also by computational simulations.

Neste artigo convidamos os leitores a descobrir o mundo dos "experimentos computacionais" (ou simulações computacionais) para plasma espacial. O experimento computacional é semelhante ao experimento tradicional realizado em laboratório. Ele não é, e não será capaz de solucionar todos os problemas físicos que permanecem incompreendidos, mas fornece uma poderosa ferramenta para auxiliar os físicos (cientistas) a buscar soluções dos mesmos. Apresentamos neste trabalho algumas características das simulações computacionais e exemplos onde estas simulações podem ser aplicadas. Para uma melhor compreensão é recomendável que o leitor tenha conhecimentos básicos em física de plasmas e eletromagnetismo, uma vez que utilizamos estes conhecimentos para desenvolver este trabalho.

In this paper we invite the readers to discover the world of "computational experiments" (or computer simulation) of space plasmas. The computational experiment is similar to those traditionally made in laboratory. It is not purpose to solve all the physical problems that remain misunderstood, but provides a powerful tool to help physicists (scientists) in the search of their solution. We present some characteristics of computer simulations and examples where these simulations can be applied. For a better understanding of this paper it is recommended that the reader have a basic knowledge in plasma physics and electromagnetism, since we use these concepts to develop this work.

The objectives of the present study were the subtyping of Campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni strains obtained from humans and different animal species using PCR-RFLP, and the detection, by means of the same technique, of strains related to serotype PEN O19:LIO 7, the main C. jejuni serotype linked to Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS). Seventy C. jejuni strains isolated from human feces (n=33), primates (n=15), dogs (n=5), swine (n=2), bovines (n=1), abortion material from goats (n=2) and poultry carcasses (n=12), all collected in the state of São Paulo, were subtyped by means of PCR-RFLP of fla A gene, using restriction endonucleases Hae III, Afa I and Mbo I. Seven subtypes were observed when using the enzyme Hae III; eight when using Mbo I; and seven when using Afa I. The combination of the three endonucleases led to 16 fla-RFLP subtypes, from which ten subtypes shared strains of human and animal origin. From these, seven subtypes were observed in human and broiler strains. In eight subtypes, the other animal species shared patterns with human strains. It was inferred that, besides broilers, swine, goats, dogs and primates may be sources of infection for human in São Paulo. PCR-RFLP is a highly discriminatory technique that may be applied to molecular epidemiology studies of samples from different origins. Besides, the study also enabled the detection of two human strains and two primate strains related to serotype PEN O19: LIO 7.

RESUMO Foi realizada a avaliação clínica de 2 caprinos acometidos por artrite atendidos junto a Clínica de Bovinos e Pequenos Ruminantes da FMVZ-USP. O diferencial entre artrite viral causada pelo vírus da CAE e a artrite bacteriana pelo Mycoplasma spp. foi feito baseado no exame específico, sorodiagnóstico, nas técnicas de isolamento, detecção do vírus pela PCR do líquido sinovial e laparoscopia.

ABSTRACT This work was undertaken with the aim of studying the clinical evaluation of arthritis in 2 goats at the Hospital of Bovines and Small Ruminants at FMVZ-USP, Brazil. The differential between viral arthritis caused by the virus of the CAE and the bacterial arthritis by Mycoplasma spp. was made by using clinical exam, laparoscopy of the affected region, PCR, serum diagnose, techniques of culture isolation and PCR of the sinovial fluid.

RESUMO Com o objetivo de aprimorar os métodos diagnósticos em micoplasmoses foi realizado um estudo utilizando-se muco prepucial e sêmen innatura de touros de monta natural e de uma central de inseminação artificial com o objetivo de reduzir o tempo necessário para a emissão de resultados e aumentar os níveis de detecção, assumindo o isolamento bacteriano, técnica dependente da viabilidade microbiana, como teste gold standard. Cento e setenta e cinco amostras de muco prepucial e 143 amostras de sêmen fresco foram estudadas. Através da técnica de PCR (Reação da Polimerase em Cadeia), uma triagem prévia das amostras foi realizada para detecção de Mollicutes, utilizando-se o sistema MGSP/GPO-1. Primers espécie-específicos para Mycoplasma bovigenitalium e Ureaplasma diversum foram posteriormente utilizados. Ao isolamento, foram observados 45,1% (79/175) de positivos para Mollicutes e 66,5% (115/173) para U. diversum em muco de prepucial. Comparativamente, a PCR revelou 63,7% (109/171) de amostras positivas através de sistema de MGSP/GPO-1, 42,6% (72/169) de amostras positivas para M. bovigenitalium e 72,9% (124/170) para U. diversum. O estudo das amostras de sêmen apresentou 22,5% (32/142) de positivos para Mollicutes e 51,7% (74/143) para U. diversum, através do isolamento. Pela PCR, foram detectadas 24,1% (33/137) de amostras positivas no sistema MGSP/GPO-1, 27,4% (34/124) de amostras positivas para M. bovigenitalium e 56,6% (73/129) para U. diversum. O teste de McNemar para presença de Mollicutes em muco de prepucial (p = 0,57), mostrou que o sistema MGSP/GPO-1 pode ter um valor considerável quando associado à detecção específica de U. diversum, apresentando uma boa sensibilidade (75,2%), porém baixa especificidade (58,9%). A análise estatística mostrou que o sistema MGSP/GPO-1 de triagem poderia substituir o isolamento preliminar para Mycoplasma spp. em amostras de sêmen (p = 0,86).

ABSTRACT With the objective of improving the diagnostic methods in mycoplasmosis, a study was carried out using bovine prepucial mucus and fresh semen from natural breeding and one Artificial Insemination Center with the aim to reduce the time necessary for the emission of results and to increase the detection levels, assuming bacterial isolation, on technique that depends on microbial viability, as the gold standard test. One hundred and seventy-five prepucial mucus samples and 143 fresh semen samples were studied. By PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) technique, a previous screening using the MGSP/GPO-1 system was tested for Mollicutes detection. Species-specific primers for Mycoplasma bovigenitalium and Ureaplasma diversumwere used subsequently. By isolation there were observed 45.1% (79/175) of positivity for Mollicutes and 66.5% (115/173) for U. diversum in prepucial mucus. Comparatively, PCR revealed 63.7% (109/171) of positive samples by MGSP/GPO-1, 42.6% (72/169) of positive samples for M. bovigenitalium and 72.9% (124/170) for U. diversum. The semen samples study presented 22.5% (32/142) of positivity for Mollicutes and 51.7% (74/143) for U. diversum, by isolation. By PCR, 24.1% of positive samples were detected (33/137) using the MGSP/GPO-1 system, 27.4% (34/124) of positive samples for M. bovigenitalium and 56.6% (73/129) for U. diversum. The McNemar test for the Mollicutes presence in prepucial mucus (p = 0.57) showed that theMGSP/GPO-1 system can have a considerable value when associated with specific detection of U. diversum, showing good sensitivity (75.2%), however lower specificity (58.9%). The statistical analysis showed that the screening by MGSP/GPO-1 system could substitute the preliminary isolation of Mycoplasma spp. in semen samples (p = 0.86).

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar arranjos de semeadura e manejo de plantas daninhas na implantação de pastagem de B. Brizantha cv. MG5 Vitória consorciada com milho para silagem no sistema de plantio direto. Foram avaliados cinco arranjos de semeadura (milho em monocultivo; B. brizantha em monocultivo; duas linhas de B. brizantha na entrelinha do milho, em semeadura simultânea; B. brizantha a lanço no dia da semeadura do milho e 30 dias após), combinados com dois manejos de plantas daninhas (1,50 kg ha-1 de atrazine aplicado isoladamente e a mistura no tanque de 1,50 kg ha-1 de atrazine com 4,00 g ha¹ de nicosulfuron), mais quatro testemunhas (milho e B. brizantha em monocultivo, com e sem capina), no delineamento de blocos ao acaso, em parcelas subdivididas, sendo os arranjos de semeadura colocados nas parcelas e os sistemas de manejo nas subparcelas, totalizando 14 tratamentos, com quatro repetições. A aplicação dos herbicidas foi feita aos 18 dias após a emergência do milho. Trinta dias depois da aplicação dos herbicidas e na colheita do milho para silagem, foram avaliadas as biomassas secas das plantas daninhas e de B. brizantha. Aos 60 dias após a colheita, fez-se nova avaliação da biomassa seca de braquiária. A infestação de plantas daninhas foi baixa e a produção de milho para silagem não foi influenciada pelos arranjos de semeadura nem pelos sistemas de manejo de plantas daninhas, demonstrando que, mesmo em semeadura simultânea, B. brizantha não afeta a produtividade do milho para silagem. Maior produção de biomassa seca de forragem foi obtida com o arranjo de duas linhas de B. brizantha na entrelinha do milho, em semeadura simultânea.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the arrangements of weed sowing and management for the implantation of Brachiaria brizantha pastures in consortium with corn for silage under no-tillage system. The treatments consisted of five sowing arrangements (corn alone; B. brizantha alone; two lines of B. brizantha in between lines of corn, simultaneously planted; B. brizantha planted by throwing the day corn was sown and 30 days after), two weed managements (1.50 kg ha-1 of atrazine applied alone and the combination of 1.50 kg ha-1 atrazine with 4.00 g ha-1 nicosulfuron), besides four controls (corn alone and B. brizantha with and without weeding), arranged in a randomized complete block design, in a split plot, with four repetitions. Herbicide application was performed 18 days after corn emergence. Thirty days after herbicide application and corn harvest for silage, dry biomass of weeds and B. brizantha were estimated. Sixty days after harvest, a new estimate of dry biomass of B. brizantha was conducted. Weed infestation was low and corn production for silage was not affected by B. brizantha, either by the sowing arrangements or weed managements. Two B. brizantha lines in between lines of corn, simultaneously planted, promoted the highest forage dry biomass of B. brizantha.

RESUMO Estudou-se o efeito da vacinação sobre o perfil sorológico de um rebanho Nelore fechado, que apresentava leptospirose endêmica. Amostras de soro de 100% das fêmeas (=12meses a 8 anos) foram examinadas (out/98) pela à Soroaglutinação Microscópica (SAM) frente aos sorovares Icterohaemorrhagiae, Canicola, Pomona, Grippotyphosa, Hardjo e Wolffi. Baseado nesses resultados os animais foram vacinados e subdivididos em 4 grupos: I) SAM +, vacinados; II) SAM +, não vacinados; III) SAM -, vacinados e IV) SAM -, não vacinados. Tres mL de uma vacina comercial contendo os mesmos 6 sorovares foram aplicados por via SC, em dez./99, com reforço em jan/00 e revacinação em out/00. Os soros foram colhidos em mar/00 e nov/00 e reexaminados pela SAM. A proporção de reagentes nas 3 colheitas foi de 62,5% (120/ 192), 77,4% (106/137) e 74% (91/123) com médias geométricas dos títulos de 2,59, 2,34 e 2,15 respectivamente. O perfil sorológico, considerando-se a freqüência de reagentes e títulos de aglutininas antes da vacinação, mostrou distribuição bimodal, com 39,6% negativos. Após vacinação, houve aumento na freqüência de reagentes, provavelmente, devido a soroconversão de novilhas e vacas negativas, entretanto não promoveu aumento significante na média geométrica de títulos para Hardjo e Wolffi, ao contrário, houve tendência decrescente. O monitoramento sorológico de um rebanho vacinado pode ser utilizado como ferramenta na avaliação do "status" protetor conferido pela vacina, onde o decréscimo progressivo dos títulos pós vacinação significaria eficiência vacinal. Estudouse Estudou se fechado endêmica 100 =12meses 12meses meses anos out/98 out98 out 98 (out/98 (SAM Icterohaemorrhagiae Canicola Pomona Grippotyphosa Wolffi grupos I + II III , - IV SC dez99 dez 99 dez./99 jan00 jan 00 jan/0 out00 out/00 mar00 mar mar/0 nov00 nov nov/0 625 62 5 62,5 120/ 120 (120 192, 192 192) 774 77 77,4 106/137 106137 106 137 (106/137 74 91/123 91123 91 123 (91/123 259 2 59 2,59 234 34 2,3 215 15 2,1 respectivamente considerandose considerando bimodal 396 39 39,6 negativos provavelmente negativas contrário decrescente status "status vacinal 10 out/9 out9 9 (out/9 dez9 dez./9 jan0 0 jan/ out0 out/0 mar0 mar/ nov0 nov/ 62, 12 (12 19 7 77, 106/13 10613 13 (106/13 91/12 9112 (91/12 25 2,5 23 2, 21 1 39, out/ (out/ dez./ (1 106/1 1061 (106/1 91/1 911 (91/1 (out dez. ( 106/ (106/ 91/ (91/ (106 (91 (10 (9

ABSTRACT The effect of vaccination on the serological profile of a closed Nelore beef cattle herd, endemically infected by leptospirosis was studied. Serum samples of 100% of the females (= 12 months to 8 years) were collected in Oct/1998 and examined by Microscopic Agglutination test (MAT) using 6 serovars of Leptospira spp.: icterohaemorrhagiae, canicola, pomona, grippotyphosa, hardjo and wolffi. After MAT, the animals were vaccinated and divided in 4 groups: I) hardjo/ wolffi MAT positive and vaccinated; II) hardjo/wolffi MAT positive and non-vaccinated; III) MAT negative and vaccinated and IV) MAT negative and non-vaccinated. The first vaccination was in Dec/1999 with reinforcement in Jan/2000; and revaccination in Out/2000. The 3 mL dose of a commercial vaccine containing the same 6 serovars was given subcutaneously. Serum samples were taken in Mar/2000 and Nov/2000 and examined the same way by MAT. The proportion of reagents in the 3 collections was: 62.5% (120/192), 77.4% (106/137) and 74% (91/123). Geometrical means titers were equal to 2.59, 2.34 and 2.15, respectively. Serological profile considering reagents frequency and pre-vaccination titers showed a bimodal distribution with 39.6% of negative results. After vaccination, there was an increase in the frequency of reactors, probably due to the seroconversion of negative heifers and cows, however, the vaccination did not elicit significant increase in the magnitude of the Hardjo or Wolffi titers. Instead, the geometric means in the whole herd, vaccinated and unvaccinated groups, showed a decreasing tendency. In postvaccination serological monitoring the progressive titer decrease would represent vaccine efficiency. herd studied 100 = ( 1 years Oct1998 Oct 1998 Oct/199 (MAT spp. spp icterohaemorrhagiae canicola pomona grippotyphosa groups I II hardjowolffi nonvaccinated non non-vaccinated III IV nonvaccinated. vaccinated. Dec1999 Dec 1999 Dec/199 Jan/2000 Jan2000 Jan 2000 Out2000 Out Out/2000 subcutaneously Mar2000 Mar Mar/200 Nov2000 Nov Nov/200 625 62 5 62.5 120/192, 120192 120/192 , 120 192 (120/192) 774 77 77.4 106/137 106137 106 137 (106/137 74 91/123. 91123 91/123 . 91 123 (91/123) 259 2 59 2.59 234 34 2.3 215 15 2.15 respectively prevaccination pre 396 39 39.6 results reactors cows however Instead tendency efficiency 10 Oct199 199 Oct/19 Dec199 Dec/19 Jan/200 Jan200 200 Out200 Out/200 Mar200 Mar/20 Nov200 Nov/20 62. 12019 120/19 19 (120/192 7 77. 106/13 10613 13 (106/13 9112 91/12 9 (91/123 25 2.5 23 2. 21 2.1 39. Oct19 Oct/1 Dec19 Dec/1 Jan/20 Jan20 20 Out20 Out/20 Mar20 Mar/2 Nov20 Nov/2 1201 120/1 (120/19 106/1 1061 (106/1 911 91/1 (91/12 Oct1 Oct/ Dec1 Dec/ Jan/2 Jan2 Out2 Out/2 Mar2 Mar/ Nov2 Nov/ 120/ (120/1 106/ (106/ 91/ (91/1 Jan/ Out/ (120/ (106 (91/ (120 (10 (91 (12 (1 (9