Resumo O contexto pandêmico que se iniciou repentinamente nos trouxe, junto com novos modos de viver, desafios educacionais a serem enfrentados em uma sociedade desigual e regida pelo controle. O presente artigo traz a experiência de um curso de extensão inspirado no ateliê biográfico de projetos de Delory-Momberger, alinhado à abordagem da Pesquisaformação Narrativa (Auto)Biográfica, realizado com um grupo de professoras da educação básica da rede pública, em sua maioria, do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. A proposta consistiu em criar um espaço de roda de conversa para uma produção artesanal de projetos de pesquisa, apresentando como ponto de partida a construção de narrativas, orais e escritas, sobre a história de vida e formação das participantes, por meio do resgate e reflexão das experiências como docentes neste período específico de pandemia. A partir dessa conscientização, em um movimento reflexivo, as professoras teceram questões relacionadas à futuros projetos acadêmicos.

Resumen El contexto pandémico, que surgió de manera repentina, nos enfrentó no solo a nuevas formas de vida, sino también a desafíos educativos en una sociedad desigual y controlada. Este artículo comparte la experiencia de un curso de extensión inspirado en el proyecto biográfico de Delory-Momberger, alineado con el enfoque de Investigación-Formación Narrativa (Auto)biográfica. El curso fue llevado a cabo con un grupo de profesores de educación básica de escuelas públicas, en su mayoría provenientes del Estado de Río de Janeiro. La propuesta del curso consistió en crear un espacio de conversación para la producción artesanal de proyectos de investigación. Este proceso tuvo como punto de partida la construcción de narrativas, tanto orales como escritas, que abordaban la historia de vida y formación de los participantes, a través de la recuperación y reflexión de sus experiencias como profesores durante este período específico de la pandemia. A partir de esa concientización, en un movimiento reflexivo, los docentes plantearon interrogantes relacionados a futuros proyectos académicos.

Abstract The pandemic context that began suddenly brought us, along with new ways of living, educational challenges to be faced in an unequal society governed by control. This article brings the experience of an extension course inspired by Delory-Momberger's biographical project studio, aligned with the (Auto)Biographical Narrative Research-training approach, carried out with a group of basic education teachers from public schools, mostly from Rio de Janeiro state. The proposal consisted of creating a conversation space for the artisanal production of research projects, presenting as a starting point the construction of narratives, oral and written, about the life history and training of the participants, through rescue and reflection of experiences as teachers in this specific period of pandemic. Based on this awareness, in a reflective movement, the teachers raised questions related to future academic projects.

Abstract Some Antarctic ice-free areas have been affected by changes in lacustrine zones and permafrost thawing due to rising air temperatures over the last 60 years Temperature time-series were analyzed to understand the processes leading to the changes of Boeckella and Buenos Aires lakes, north Antarctic Peninsula. Statistical calculations were applied to average, maximum, and minimum temperatures, as well as to indexes such as Positive Degrees Day, Freezing/Thaw Day, and days with temperatures ≥ 0 °C and ≥ 10 °C. Changes in the region over recent decades were observed in mean and maximum temperatures and an increase in minimum temperature since the mid-1990s. In addition, the Normalized Difference Water Index was extracted from Landsat images from 2003, 2016, 2020, and 2021. These images were used to calculate changes in the areas of Boeckella and Buenos Aires lakes. These data revealed an 87% decrease in the area (m²) of Boeckella Lake and a 60% increase in Buenos Aires Lake´s area (m²). Concern has been raised about the modifying lake areas in the Antarctic Peninsula, where the collapse of Boeckella Lake could be the first case recorded in ice-free areas of Antarctica continent. icefree ice free 6 timeseries time series lakes Peninsula average Day FreezingThaw Freezing Thaw C 1 mid1990s. mid1990s mids mid 1990s. 1990s s mid-1990s addition 2003 2016 2020 2021 87 m² m (m² Lakes m². . continent 200 201 202 8 (m 20 2

Abstract This research shows that brackish water increases the unconfined compressive strength of swelling soil/sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA)/lime blends. Therefore, brackish water may substitute tap water in soil stabilization. Sodium chloride (NaCl) has been used in lime-ashes-soil treatments. In northeast Brazil, swelling soils are usual and artesian wells sometimes provide brackish water containing NaCl. Northeast Brazil also has a strong sugar and ethanol industry producing sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) as a byproduct. Therefore, brackish water can be used in soil-SCBA-lime stabilization. Hence, this work aims to evaluate the use of brackish water as a substitute for tap water in swelling soil-SCBA-lime blends stabilization. Two series of unconfined compression tests were carried out: one with tap water and the other with brackish water. In each group, the lime content varied from 4% to 8%, and the dry density from 13 kN/m3 to 15 kN/m3. All tests were carried out with a swelling soil-SCBA proportion of 75/25 and a water content of 22%. Results have shown that increasing lime content or dry density or using brackish water allowed to increase unconfined compression strength of swelling soil-SCBA-lime blends. The porosity/volumetric content of lime index (η/Liv) was suitable to predict the unconfined compressive strength of swelling soil-SCBA-lime blends, no matter if tap or brackish water was used in the molding process. Thus, brackish can be a feasible substitute for tap water in swelling soil-SCBA-lime stabilization, increasing blends unconfined compression strength, and preserving tap water, a scarce asset in Northeast Brazil. soilsugarcane SCBA/lime SCBAlime SCBA /lime Therefore stabilization NaCl (NaCl limeashessoil ashes treatments (SCBA byproduct soilSCBAlime Hence group 4 8 8% 1 kNm3 kNm kN m3 m kN/m soilSCBA 7525 75 25 75/2 22 22% porosityvolumetric porosity volumetric η/Liv ηLiv η Liv (η/Liv process Thus 752 7 2 75/

RESUMO A construção de uma ferrovia entre o litoral e a capital paranaense gerou conflitos entre os engenheiros brasileiros, pois as elites políticas locais reivindicavam a estação portuária e o traçado da ferrovia. Considera-se que os engenheiros eram experts que, segundo Bruno Latour (2004), manejavam os processos técnicos transitando entre a ciência e a política. O artigo analisa a atuação destes engenheiros na configuração espacial do litoral do Paraná, buscando compreender os projetos de engenharia no conjunto das relações entre a sociedade e a natureza. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida a partir da análise dos relatórios técnicos dos engenheiros e conclui-se que, a partir de uma ciência positivista, os engenheiros legitimaram os anseios dos grupos políticos que idealizavam a modernização e o progresso da província.

ABSTRACT The construction of a railroad between the coast and the capital of Paraná generated conflicts among Brazilian engineers, as the local political elites claimed the port station and the railroad layout. Engineers are considered to be experts who, according to Bruno Latour (2004), handled technical processes transitioning between science and politics. The article analyzes the performance of these engineers in the spatial configuration of the coast of Paraná, seeking to understand the engineering projects in the set of relations between society and nature. The research was developed from the analysis of the technical reports of the engineers and it is concluded that, based on a positivist science, the engineers legitimized the desires of the political groups that idealized the modernization and progress of the province.

RESUMEN La construcción de un ferrocarril entre la costa y la capital de Paraná generó conflictos entre los ingenieros brasileños, ya que las élites políticas locales reclamaban la estación portuaria y la ruta del ferrocarril. Se considera que los ingenieros eran expertos que, según Bruno Latour (2004), manejaban los procesos técnicos que transitaban entre la ciencia y la política. El artículo analiza el papel de estos ingenieros en la configuración espacial del litoral paranaense, buscando comprender los proyectos de ingeniería en el conjunto de relaciones entre sociedad y naturaleza. La investigación se desarrolló a partir del análisis de los informes técnicos de los ingenieros y se concluye que, desde una ciencia positivista, los ingenieros legitimaron las aspiraciones de los grupos políticos que idealizaban la modernización y el progreso de la provincia.

Abstract Objective: To investigate the clinical and swallowing indicators related to a successful decannulation process during the hospital stay. Methods: A retrospective cohort clinical study. The study sample comprised a heterogeneous patient population who had submitted to a tracheostomy procedure in a tertiary hospital. Patients were divided into two groups (dec-annulated vs. non-decannulated) and compared not only in terms of demographic and clinical data but also the results of a swallowing assessment and intervention outcome. Results: Sixty-four patients were included in the present study: 25 (39%) who had been successfully decannulated, and 39 (61%) who could not be decannulated. Between-group comparisons indicated that both groups presented similar clinical and demographic characteristics. The groups also presented similar swallowing assessment results prior to intervention. However, significant differences were observed regarding the time to begin swallowing rehabilitation. The decannulated group was assessed nine days earlier than the non-decannulated group. Other significant differences included the removal of the alternate feeding method (72.0% of decannulated patients vs. 5.1% of non-decannulated patients) and the reintroduction of oral feeding (96.0% of decannulated patients vs. 41.0% of non-decannulated patients) and functional swallowing level at patient disclosure. The non-decannulated patient group presented higher death rates at disclosure. Conclusion: The results of the present study indicated that the following parameters were associated with a successful decannulation process: early swallowing assessment, swallowing rehabilitation, and improvement in the swallowing functional level during the hospital stay. The maintenance of low swallowing functional levels was found to be negatively associated with successful decannulation. HIGHLIGHTS Deccanulation indicators were investigated in patients who were submitted to a tracheostomy procedure. Early swallowing evaluation and rehabilitation were associated with a successful decannulation process. Low swallowing functional levels were negatively associated with the success of decannulation.

ABSTRACT Chronic kidney disease is characterized by immune dysfunction that increases predisposition to infections, virus-associated cancers and impaired response to vaccination. The altered immune response is caused by impairment of both innate and adaptive immune systems, as well as other factors that are hallmarks of renal disease, such as uremia, malnutrition, chronic inflammation, mineral bone disease and anemia. The aim of this article is to review the causes and mechanisms that lead to immune dysfunction in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Abstract Microbiological safety of fish is a concern of consumers, industries and regulatory agencies worldwide. Among the pathogenic microorganisms, Salmonella spp. is one of the main agents of foodborne diseases and should be absent in animal products. Rapid and accurate identification of pathogens in the supply chain is important for both quality assurance and tracking infectious agents within the chain. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the equivalence of two rapid detection tests, as alternative methods to the conventional Salmonella detection method, as well as to verify the microbiological quality parameters of two commercially important fish species in the Amazon biome. The plate count of aerobic bacteria ranged from 7.76 x 104 to 8.71 x 107 CFU.g-1 for mesophiles and 1.70 x 106 to 4.27 x 108 CFU.g-1 for psychrotrophic whereas the maximum for this group of microorganisms in fresh fish is 106 CFU.g-1. Regarding the Staphylococcus count, the two species presented variations between 1.35 x 104 to 1.51 x 105 CFU.g-1. This represents unsatisfactory conditions of handling, storage and conservation of fish species. The immunoenzymatic and molecular methods have been shown to be reliable, fast and effective in the detection of Salmonella and for its high index of agreement with the conventional detection method. We also emphasize the convenience of multiplex PCR application due to the high sensitivity, specificity, speed and accuracy of Salmonella detection.

RESUMO A doença de Chagas, enfermidade causada pelo protozoário Trypanosoma cruzi, tem sido relacionada com frequência à transmissão oral pelo consumo de açaí. Métodos moleculares que fornecem uma identificação rápida e precisa do patógeno para a detecção da presença do parasita são de extrema importância para a detecção da presença do parasita neste alimento. Este estudo teve como objetivo otimizar a detecção de DNA de T. cruzi em polpa de açaí por meio da reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR). Foram preparadas várias diluições das formas tripomastigotas de T. cruzi DTU TcI cultivadas em meio de cultivo Liver Infusion Tryptose. O DNA de T. cruzi foi extraído das células e submetido à PCR. Posteriormente, as diluições da cultura foram adicionadas às polpas de açaí para avaliar o limite de detecção do novo ensaio de PCR otimizado. Mostramos que nosso ensaio pode detectar DNA de T. cruzi em polpas de açaí na concentração de 1.08 × 10-10 ng µL-1. Concluímos que a metodologia desenvolvida se mostra eficaz e pode ser uma ferramenta importante para a detecção de contaminação por T. cruzi em açaí.

ABSTRACT Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, has often been linked to oral transmission through açai consumption. Molecular methods that allow fast and accurate identification of the pathogen are important for the detection of the presence of the parasite in this food. This study aimed to optimize polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based detection of T. cruzi DNA in açai pulp. Several dilutions of T. cruzi DTU TcI trypomastigote forms were cultured in liver infusion tryptose (LIT) medium. Trypanosoma cruzi DNA was extracted from the cells and subjected to PCR. Subsequently, culture dilutions were added to açai pulp to evaluate the detection threshold of the optimized PCR assay. We demonstrate that our assay can detect T. cruzi DNA in açai pulp at a concentration of 1.08 × 10-10 ng µL-1. We conclude that our optimized protocol is effective and can be used as an important tool for the detection of T. cruzi contamination in açaí.

RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever um caso de salmonelose em um peixe-boi-da-amazônia (Trichechus inunguis). O animal foi resgatado em um afluente do rio Capim, no município de Goianésia do Pará, Pará, Brasil, sendo mantido em uma piscina e morrendo aproximadamente cinco meses após o resgate. As principais alterações observadas na necropsia foram ceco e colón com hiperemia da serosa; edema da parede; mucosa espessada, com áreas ulceradas e revestida por uma fina camada de fibrina; e conteúdo líquido amarelado. Histologicamente havia tiflocolite fibrinonecrótica, multifocal, moderada, associada a intensa colonização bacteriana. Em fragmentos de ceco e cólon foi isolada Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (rugosa). Este é o primeiro relato de salmonelose em peixe-boi-da-amazônia.

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to describe a case of salmonellosis in an Amazonian manatee (Trichechus inunguis). The animal was rescued from a tributary of the Capim River, in the municipality of Goianésia do Pará, Pará, Brazil, kept in a pool, and died approximately five months after being rescued. The main changes observed at necropsy were that the cecum and colon had serosal hyperemia, wall edema, thickened mucosa with ulcerated areas and covered by a thin layer of fibrin, and a yellowish liquid content. Histologically, there was moderate multifocal fibrinonecrotic typhlocolitis associated with intense bacterial colonization. Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (rough) was isolated in cecum and colon fragments. This is the first report of salmonellosis in an Amazonian manatee.

RESUMO A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a dinâmica da recuperação ambiental de pilhas de estéril de mineração de calcário por meio da análise da composição e estrutura fitossociológica da regeneração natural. O estudo foi conduzido em um empreendimento minerário localizado em Salto de Pirapora (SP), Brasil, com pilhas de estéril abandonadas desde 1994 e 2013, e um fragmento florestal nativo, totalizando três tratamentos. Em cada área, foram alocadas 12 parcelas de 10 × 10 m, onde todos os indivíduos arbustivo-arbóreos com altura acima de 1,30 m foram amostrados, identificados e avaliados quanto à composição e à estrutura fitossociológica. Foi constatada a ocorrência da regeneração natural nas pilhas de estéril com o aumento de indivíduos e espécies ao longo do tempo. Os resultados indicam que a vegetação presente nessas pilhas está em transição de floresta pioneira para um estágio sucessional mais avançado. Contudo, a Leucaena leucocephala estabeleceu-se mais expressivamente que as demais, inibindo o desenvolvimento de outras espécies. Por fim, sugerem-se ações de manejo para que a sucessão ecológica das pilhas de estéril não seja comprometida.

ABSTRACT The present research had as objective to evaluate the dynamics of the environmental recovery of waste dumps in calcary mining by analyzing the composition and phytosociological structure of natural regeneration. The study was carried out in a waste dumo located in Salto de Pirapora, São Paulo, Brazil, with sterile piles abandoned since 1994 and 2013 and a native forest fragment, totaling three treatments. Twelve plots of 10 × 10 m were allocated to each area, where all shrub-tree individuals with height above 1.30 m were sampled, identified and evaluated for their composition and phytosociological structure. The occurrence of natural regeneration in the sterile cells was observed with the increased number of individuals and species over time. The results indicate that the vegetation present in the waste dumps is in transition from pioneer forest to a more advanced successional stage. However, Leucaena leucocephala has established itself more expressively than other species, inhibiting the development of other species. Finally, management actions are suggested so that the ecological succession of the waste dumps is not compromised.

Contrast agents are widely used in ambulatory and hospitalized patients, as a complement to imaging studies, improving diagnostic accuracy. Patients with chronic kidney disease are at increased risk for adverse events related to contrast administration. In this review, we will summarize the current evidence on this topic.

RESUMO Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a temperatura, o substrato e a luminosidade na germinação de sementes de chia, a fim de determinar procedimentos adequados para um teste de germinação. O experimento consistiu em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4 x 5 x 2 (quatro substratos x cinco temperaturas x duas condições de luminosidade), com quatro repetições. As seguintes variáveis foram analisadas: primeira contagem de germinação; germinação; índice de velocidade de germinação e tempo médio de germinação. A germinação apresentou as maiores porcentagem de germinação a 15, 20, 25 e 30 °C para os substratos em papel, rolo de papel e areia; no entanto, na presença de luminosidade, o substrato em papel, a 25 °C, diferiu de todos os demais, resultando na maior média. Para todos os substratos, a menor germinação foi obtida a 35 °C, comprovando que o uso de altas temperaturas reduz a germinação das sementes de chia. O índice de velocidade de germinação apresentou os maiores valores a 25 e 30 °C para substratos em papel, rolo de papel e areia, tanto na presença quanto na ausência de luminosidade. Sementes de chia são consideradas como fotoblasticas neutras. O teste de germinação deve ser realizado com o substrato em papel, a 25 °C, com duração de sete dias, sendo a primeira contagem realizada aos quatro dias após a instalação do teste.

ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of temperature, substrate, and luminosity on chia seeds in order to determine adequate conditions for a germination test. The experiment consisted of a completely randomized design, in a 4 × 5 × 2 factorial scheme (four substrates × five temperatures × two luminosity conditions), with four replications. The following variables were analyzed: first germination count, germination, germination speed index, and mean germination time. Germination was best at 15, 20, 25, and 30 °C for the on-paper, paper roll, and sand substrates. However, in the presence of luminosity and at 25 °C, the on-paper substrate had the highest mean. For all substrates, the lowest germination was achieved at 35 °C, proving that high temperatures reduce chia seed germination. Germination speed index was highest at 25 and 30 °C for on-paper, paper roll, and sand substrates, in both the presence and absence of luminosity. Chia seeds are considered to be neutral photoblasts. Germination tests should be performed with the on-paper substrate, at 25 °C, and with a duration of seven days. The first count should be carried out four days after establishment of the test.

Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a perceção corporal numa população escolar e identificar fatores de risco para a insatisfação corporal. Tipo de estudo: Estudo observacional transversal. População: Adolescentes a frequentar o 2º e o 3º terceiro ciclo do ensino obrigatório, na área de influência do Hospital de Cascais. Métodos: Realizado inquérito sociodemográfico, aplicada escala pictórica de Collins (silhuetas de 1 - extremamente magro a 7 - obeso) e avaliação antropométrica. Significância estatística p<0,05. Resultados: Incluídos 431 adolescentes, idade média de 12,8 anos, 52,7% do sexo feminino, doença crónica reportada em 14%, excesso de peso em 18,3% e obesidade em 13,2%. Perceção corporal: discrepância entre a figura real e a desejada em 47,9% (37,7% ideais mais magros, 10,2% ideais mais pesados). Comparação feminino vs masculino: figuras mais pesadas no Eu (p<0,001), maior insatisfação corporal (56,8% vs 37,9%), discrepância Eu-Eu ideal e Eu-Adulto ideal mais elevadas (p=0,002; p<0,001) e maior desejo em perder peso (52,9% vs 27,4%; p<0,001). Sobrepeso vs normoponderais: figuras mais pesadas no Eu (p<0,001) e Eu ideal (p<0,001), insatisfação corporal em 75,7% vs 35%, maior discrepância Eu-Eu ideal e Eu-Adulto ideal (p<0,001). Idade e doença crónica sem significância estatística. Conclusões: Encontrada uma elevada prevalência de insatisfação corporal e identificados como fatores de risco o sexo feminino e o excesso de peso/obesidade.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate body image perception in a school population and to identify risk factors for body dissatisfaction. Study type: Cross-sectional, observational study. Setting: Three randomly selected schools. Population: Adolescents in 5th-8th grade. Methods: A socio-demographic survey was performed, the Collins pictorial scale (silhouettes 1 - extremely thin to 7 - obese) was applied, as well as an anthropometric evaluation. Significance level was defined as p<0.05. Results: 431 adolescents were included, mean age 12.8 years, 52.7% female, 14% reported chronic disease, 18.3% overweight, and 13.2% obese. Body image perception: discrepancy between the actual and ideal figure in 479% of the subjects (37.7% had leaner ideals, 10.2% heavier ideals). Comparison between female and male: heavier figures in Self (p<0.001), higher body dissatisfaction (56.8% vs 37.9%), greater Self-Ideal self and Self-Ideal adult discrepancy (p=0.002; p<0.001), and greater desire to lose weight (52.9% vs 27.4%, p<0.001). Obesity/overweight vs normal weight: heavier figures in Self (p<0.001) and Ideal self (p<0.001), body dissatisfaction in 75.7% vs 35%, higher discrepancy in Self-Ideal self and Self-Ideal adult (p<0.001). Associations with age and chronic disease were not statistically significant. Conclusions: We found a high prevalence of body dissatisfaction and identified female sex and overweight/obesity as risk factors.

RESUMO O teste de protrusão radicular é um teste de vigor, baseando no princípio de que sementes com alto vigor emitem a raiz primária mais rápido em comparação com as menos vigorosas. A chia é uma planta propagada por sementes, sendo motivo de pesquisa pelos seus benefícios a saúde, mas com poucas informações técnicas sobre a cultura. O objetivo do trabalho foi adequar à metodologia do teste de protrusão radicular para determinação do vigor de lotes de sementes de chia. Utilizou-se cinco lotes de sementes de chia, submetidos à avaliação da qualidade inicial por meio dos testes de germinação e vigor (primeira contagem de germinação, emergência e índice de velocidade de emergência). O teste de protrusão radicular foi realizado nas temperaturas de 20, 25 e 30 ºC, e avaliado a cada duas horas até 42 horas, onde se obteve a estabilidade da protrusão, e sendo utilizado o critério de contagem de 2 mm de raiz primária. O teste de protrusão radicular na temperatura de 20 ºC não distinguiu os lotes semelhantes à emergência. A 25 °C, foi possível classificar os lotes de forma semelhante à emergência após 30 horas. A temperatura de 30 °C foi eficiente na aceleração da protrusão radicular e separação dos lotes de sementes. O teste de protrusão radicular é sensível para detectar diferenças de vigor entre os lotes de sementes de chia, devendo ser conduzido por 30 horas a 25 ºC.

ABSTRACT The root protrusion test is a vigor test based on the principle that seeds with high vigor emit the primary root faster than less vigorous ones. Chia is a plant propagated by seeds and it is studied owing to its health benefits, but there is little technical information known about its culture. The objective of this work was to adapt the methodology of the root protrusion test to determine the vigor of chia seed lots. Five chia seed lots were submitted to an initial quality evaluation using germination and vigor tests (first germination, emergence, and emergence speed index). The root protrusion test was performed at temperatures of 20, 25 and 30 °C and evaluated every 2 h up to 42 h. During the test, protrusion stability was assessed and the criterion of 2 mm primary root count was used. The root protrusion test at 20 °C did not distinguish the lots in the same way as emergence. At 25 °C it was possible to classify lots after 30 h similarly to emergence. At 30 °C, root protrusion and the separation of seed lots was accelerated. Thus, the root protrusion test conducted for 30 h at 25 °C has sufficient sensitivity to detect differences in vigor between chia seed lots.