RESUMO Objetivo Analisar fatores associados à viremia detectável de HIV entre mulheres transexuais/travestis (MTTr), em cinco capitais brasileiras. Métodos Dados referentes à amostra de MTTr com sorologia reagente para HIV e carga viral (CV) detectável, em um estudo transversal entre 2019 e 2021. As variáveis dependentes e independentes foram, respectivamente: dosagem da carga viral, características socioeconômicas/demográficas; uso de álcool/drogas; e autopercepção de saúde mental. Foi utilizada a regressão de Poisson com variância robusta. Resultados Um total de 425 MTTr tiveram resultado reagente para HIV e realizaram dosagem de CV, com 179 (42,0%) detectáveis. Os fatores associados positivamente à detectabilidade foram: serem mais novas (RP=2,26; IC95% 1,13;4,51), piores condições de moradia (RP=2,72; IC95% 1,30;5,68) e saúde mental ruim/muito ruim (RP=1,70; IC95% 1,08;2,66). O uso de antirretroviral foi fator protetor à detectabilidade (RP=0,29; IC95% 0,30;0,61). Conclusão Os fatores associados à não supressão viral apontam vulnerabilidade ligada à identidade de gênero com impacto negativo, mesmo com a maioria em uso da terapia antirretroviral (TARV). transexuaistravestis transexuais travestis MTTr, , (MTTr) brasileiras CV (CV 201 2021 foram respectivamente socioeconômicas/demográficas socioeconômicasdemográficas socioeconômicas demográficas álcool/drogas álcooldrogas álcool drogas robusta 42 17 42,0% 420 0 (42,0% detectáveis RP=2,26 RP226 RP 2 26 (RP=2,26 IC95 IC 1,134,51, 113451 1,13 4,51 1 13 4 51 1,13;4,51) RP=2,72 RP272 72 (RP=2,72 1,305,68 130568 1,30 5,68 30 5 68 1,30;5,68 ruimmuito muito RP=1,70 RP170 70 (RP=1,70 1,082,66. 108266 1,08 2,66 . 08 66 1,08;2,66) RP=0,29 RP029 29 (RP=0,29 0,300,61. 030061 0,30 0,61 61 0,30;0,61) negativo TARV. TARV (TARV) (MTTr 20 202 42,0 (42,0 RP=2,2 RP22 (RP=2,2 IC9 134 1,134,51 11345 113 1,1 451 4,5 1,13;4,51 RP=2,7 RP27 7 (RP=2,7 305 1,305,6 13056 130 1,3 568 5,6 3 6 1,30;5,6 RP=1,7 RP17 (RP=1,7 082 1,082,66 10826 108 1,0 266 2,6 1,08;2,66 RP=0,2 RP02 (RP=0,2 300 0,300,61 03006 030 0,3 061 0,6 0,30;0,61 (TARV 42, (42, RP=2, RP2 (RP=2, 1,134,5 1134 11 1, 45 4, 1,13;4,5 1,305, 1305 56 5, 1,30;5, RP=1, RP1 (RP=1, 1,082,6 1082 10 2, 1,08;2,6 RP=0, RP0 (RP=0, 0,300,6 0300 03 0, 06 0,30;0,6 (42 RP=2 (RP=2 1,134, 1,13;4, 1,305 1,30;5 RP=1 (RP=1 1,082, 1,08;2, RP=0 (RP=0 0,300, 0,30;0, (4 RP= (RP= 1,134 1,13;4 1,30; 1,082 1,08;2 0,300 0,30;0 ( (RP 1,13; 1,08; 0,30;

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze factors associated with detectable HIV viremia among transgender women/transvestites (TWT) in five Brazilian capitals. Methods : This was a cross-sectional study using data from a sample of TWT with HIV-positive serology and detectable viral load (VL), between 2019 and 2021. The dependent and independent variables were, respectively: viral load measurement, socioeconomic/demographic characteristics; alcohol/drug use; and self-perceived mental health. Poisson regression with robust variance was used. Results : A total of 425 TWT tested positive for HIV and underwent VL measurement, 179 (42.0%) presented detectable viremia. Factors positively associated with detectability were: younger age (PR=2.26; 95%CI 1.13;4.51), poorer housing conditions (PR=2.72; 95%CI 1.30;5.68) and poor/very poor mental health (PR=1.70; 95%CI 1.08;2.66). The use of antiretroviral drugs was a protective factor against detectability (PR=0.29; 95%CI 0.30;0.61). Conclusion The factors associated with unsuppressed viral load highlight vulnerability related to gender identity that have a negative impact, despite the majority of participants being on antiretroviral therapy (ART). womentransvestites women transvestites (TWT capitals crosssectional cross sectional HIVpositive VL, , (VL) 201 2021 were respectively measurement socioeconomicdemographic socioeconomic demographic characteristics alcoholdrug alcohol drug selfperceived self perceived used 42 17 42.0% 420 0 (42.0% PR=2.26 PR226 PR 2 26 (PR=2.26 95CI CI 95 1.134.51, 113451 1.13 4.51 1 13 4 51 1.13;4.51) PR=2.72 PR272 72 (PR=2.72 1.305.68 130568 1.30 5.68 30 5 68 1.30;5.68 poorvery very PR=1.70 PR170 70 (PR=1.70 1.082.66. 108266 1.08 2.66 . 08 66 1.08;2.66) PR=0.29 PR029 29 (PR=0.29 0.300.61. 030061 0.30 0.61 61 0.30;0.61) impact ART. ART (ART) (VL 20 202 42.0 (42.0 PR=2.2 PR22 (PR=2.2 9 134 1.134.51 11345 113 1.1 451 4.5 1.13;4.51 PR=2.7 PR27 7 (PR=2.7 305 1.305.6 13056 130 1.3 568 5.6 3 6 1.30;5.6 PR=1.7 PR17 (PR=1.7 082 1.082.66 10826 108 1.0 266 2.6 1.08;2.66 PR=0.2 PR02 (PR=0.2 300 0.300.61 03006 030 0.3 061 0.6 0.30;0.61 (ART 42. (42. PR=2. PR2 (PR=2. 1.134.5 1134 11 1. 45 4. 1.13;4.5 1.305. 1305 56 5. 1.30;5. PR=1. PR1 (PR=1. 1.082.6 1082 10 2. 1.08;2.6 PR=0. PR0 (PR=0. 0.300.6 0300 03 0. 06 0.30;0.6 (42 PR=2 (PR=2 1.134. 1.13;4. 1.305 1.30;5 PR=1 (PR=1 1.082. 1.08;2. PR=0 (PR=0 0.300. 0.30;0. (4 PR= (PR= 1.134 1.13;4 1.30; 1.082 1.08;2 0.300 0.30;0 ( (PR 1.13; 1.08; 0.30;

RESUMEN Objetivo Analizar factores asociados a la viremia detectable del VIH entre mujeres transexuales/travestis (MTTr), en cinco capitales brasileñas. Métodos Datos referentes al muestreo MTTr con serología reactiva para VIH y carga viral detectable (CV), en estudio transversal entre 2019-2021. Las variables dependientes e independientes fueron, respectivamente: medición de carga viral, socioeconómicas/demográficas; consumo de alcohol/drogas; y autopercepción de salud mental. Se utilizó la regresión de Poisson con varianza robusta. Resultados Un total de 425 MTTr dieron positivo para el VIH y se sometieron a pruebas CV, siendo 179 (42,0%) detectables. Los factores asociados positivamente con la detectabilidad fueron: ser más joven (RP=2,26; IC95% 1,13;4,51), peores condiciones de vivienda (RP=2,72; IC95% 1,30;5,68) y salud mental mala/muy mala (RP=1,70; IC95% 1,08;2,66). El uso de medicamentos antirretrovirales fue un factor protector para la detectabilidad (RP=0,29; IC95% 0,30;0,61). Conclusión Los factores asociados a la no supresión viral indican vulnerabilidad ligada a identidad de género con efecto negativo, incluso cuando la mayoría utiliza terapia antirretroviral (TARV). transexualestravestis transexuales travestis MTTr, , (MTTr) brasileñas CV (CV) 20192021. 20192021 2019 2021. 2021 2019-2021 fueron respectivamente socioeconómicas/demográficas socioeconómicasdemográficas socioeconómicas demográficas alcohol/drogas alcoholdrogas alcohol drogas robusta 42 17 42,0% 420 0 (42,0% detectables RP=2,26 RP226 RP 2 26 (RP=2,26 IC95 IC 1,134,51, 113451 1,13 4,51 1 13 4 51 1,13;4,51) RP=2,72 RP272 72 (RP=2,72 1,305,68 130568 1,30 5,68 30 5 68 1,30;5,68 malamuy muy RP=1,70 RP170 70 (RP=1,70 1,082,66. 108266 1,08 2,66 . 08 66 1,08;2,66) RP=0,29 RP029 29 (RP=0,29 0,300,61. 030061 0,30 0,61 61 0,30;0,61) negativo TARV. TARV (TARV) (MTTr (CV 2019202 201 202 2019-202 42,0 (42,0 RP=2,2 RP22 (RP=2,2 IC9 134 1,134,51 11345 113 1,1 451 4,5 1,13;4,51 RP=2,7 RP27 7 (RP=2,7 305 1,305,6 13056 130 1,3 568 5,6 3 6 1,30;5,6 RP=1,7 RP17 (RP=1,7 082 1,082,66 10826 108 1,0 266 2,6 1,08;2,66 RP=0,2 RP02 (RP=0,2 300 0,300,61 03006 030 0,3 061 0,6 0,30;0,61 (TARV 201920 20 2019-20 42, (42, RP=2, RP2 (RP=2, 1,134,5 1134 11 1, 45 4, 1,13;4,5 1,305, 1305 56 5, 1,30;5, RP=1, RP1 (RP=1, 1,082,6 1082 10 2, 1,08;2,6 RP=0, RP0 (RP=0, 0,300,6 0300 03 0, 06 0,30;0,6 20192 2019-2 (42 RP=2 (RP=2 1,134, 1,13;4, 1,305 1,30;5 RP=1 (RP=1 1,082, 1,08;2, RP=0 (RP=0 0,300, 0,30;0, 2019- (4 RP= (RP= 1,134 1,13;4 1,30; 1,082 1,08;2 0,300 0,30;0 ( (RP 1,13; 1,08; 0,30;

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze factors associated with detectable HIV viremia among transgender women/transvestites (TWT) in five Brazilian capitals. Methods : This was a cross-sectional study using data from a sample of TWT with HIV-positive serology and detectable viral load (VL), between 2019 and 2021. The dependent and independent variables were, respectively: viral load measurement, socioeconomic/demographic characteristics; alcohol/drug use; and self-perceived mental health. Poisson regression with robust variance was used. Results : A total of 425 TWT tested positive for HIV and underwent VL measurement, 179 (42.0%) presented detectable viremia. Factors positively associated with detectability were: younger age (PR=2.26; 95%CI 1.13;4.51), poorer housing conditions (PR=2.72; 95%CI 1.30;5.68) and poor/very poor mental health (PR=1.70; 95%CI 1.08;2.66). The use of antiretroviral drugs was a protective factor against detectability (PR=0.29; 95%CI 0.30;0.61). Conclusion The factors associated with unsuppressed viral load highlight vulnerability related to gender identity that have a negative impact, despite the majority of participants being on antiretroviral therapy (ART).

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar fatores associados à viremia detectável de HIV entre mulheres transexuais/travestis (MTTr), em cinco capitais brasileiras. Métodos Dados referentes à amostra de MTTr com sorologia reagente para HIV e carga viral (CV) detectável, em um estudo transversal entre 2019 e 2021. As variáveis dependentes e independentes foram, respectivamente: dosagem da carga viral, características socioeconômicas/demográficas; uso de álcool/drogas; e autopercepção de saúde mental. Foi utilizada a regressão de Poisson com variância robusta. Resultados Um total de 425 MTTr tiveram resultado reagente para HIV e realizaram dosagem de CV, com 179 (42,0%) detectáveis. Os fatores associados positivamente à detectabilidade foram: serem mais novas (RP=2,26; IC95% 1,13;4,51), piores condições de moradia (RP=2,72; IC95% 1,30;5,68) e saúde mental ruim/muito ruim (RP=1,70; IC95% 1,08;2,66). O uso de antirretroviral foi fator protetor à detectabilidade (RP=0,29; IC95% 0,30;0,61). Conclusão Os fatores associados à não supressão viral apontam vulnerabilidade ligada à identidade de gênero com impacto negativo, mesmo com a maioria em uso da terapia antirretroviral (TARV).

RESUMEN Objetivo Analizar factores asociados a la viremia detectable del VIH entre mujeres transexuales/travestis (MTTr), en cinco capitales brasileñas. Métodos Datos referentes al muestreo MTTr con serología reactiva para VIH y carga viral detectable (CV), en estudio transversal entre 2019-2021. Las variables dependientes e independientes fueron, respectivamente: medición de carga viral, socioeconómicas/demográficas; consumo de alcohol/drogas; y autopercepción de salud mental. Se utilizó la regresión de Poisson con varianza robusta. Resultados Un total de 425 MTTr dieron positivo para el VIH y se sometieron a pruebas CV, siendo 179 (42,0%) detectables. Los factores asociados positivamente con la detectabilidad fueron: ser más joven (RP=2,26; IC95% 1,13;4,51), peores condiciones de vivienda (RP=2,72; IC95% 1,30;5,68) y salud mental mala/muy mala (RP=1,70; IC95% 1,08;2,66). El uso de medicamentos antirretrovirales fue un factor protector para la detectabilidad (RP=0,29; IC95% 0,30;0,61). Conclusión Los factores asociados a la no supresión viral indican vulnerabilidad ligada a identidad de género con efecto negativo, incluso cuando la mayoría utiliza terapia antirretroviral (TARV).

ABSTRACT The world has been dealing with Aids for forty years, covid-19 accentuated societal inequalities and promoted a rupture in care and prevention, including for people living with HIV. We compiled official HIV indicators, analyzed the impact of covid-19 in Brazil, at São Paulo State (SP), and compared it to the municipality of Santo André (in the state of São Paulo), which adopted linkage/retention strategies to mitigate the impact of covid-19. From 2019 to 2020, suppression/adhesion rates remained stable. The number of new treatments decreased both in Brazil (-19.75%) and São Paulo (-16.44%), but not in Santo André, where 80% of new patients started treatment within 30 days from their first TCD4 test (70% in São Paulo and 64% in Brazil). However, PrEP dispensing increased during this period. The distribution of 2,820 HIV self-tests in Santo André lead to only one documented new HIV diagnosis linked to care. Synergistic strategies to swiftly diagnose and connect new cases, ensuring retention as well as rescuing missing patients deserve priority in the fight against HIV, especially in times of covid-19.

ABSTRACT The world has been dealing with Aids for forty years, covid-19 accentuated societal inequalities and promoted a rupture in care and prevention, including for people living with HIV. We compiled official HIV indicators, analyzed the impact of covid-19 in Brazil, at São Paulo State (SP), and compared it to the municipality of Santo André (in the state of São Paulo), which adopted linkage/retention strategies to mitigate the impact of covid-19. From 2019 to 2020, suppression/adhesion rates remained stable. The number of new treatments decreased both in Brazil (-19.75%) and São Paulo (-16.44%), but not in Santo André, where 80% of new patients started treatment within 30 days from their first TCD4 test (70% in São Paulo and 64% in Brazil). However, PrEP dispensing increased during this period. The distribution of 2,820 HIV self-tests in Santo André lead to only one documented new HIV diagnosis linked to care. Synergistic strategies to swiftly diagnose and connect new cases, ensuring retention as well as rescuing missing patients deserve priority in the fight against HIV, especially in times of covid-19.

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Improving HIV diagnostics and treatment is necessary to end the AIDS epidemic. Pooled plasma can be used to identify patients with acute HIV disease, even before serological tests. During dengue outbreaks, patients having symptoms common to other acute viral diseases might seek medical care. METHODS: We evaluated HIV RNA in pooled seronegative dengue samples. RESULTS: After excluding individuals with a known HIV diagnosis, an HIV-1 prevalence of 0.73% [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.23-1.76; 4/546 samples] was found. CONCLUSIONS: Promoting strategies to diagnose these individuals and provide them with medical treatment might be instrumental for controlling the HIV epidemic.