Abstract Background: This study compares Fascia Iliaca compartment (FI) block and Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) block for hip surgery. Methods: Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane were systematically searched in April 2022. Inclusion criteria were: Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs); comparing PENG block versus FI block for hip surgery; patients over 18 years of age; and reporting outcomes immediately postoperative. We excluded studies with overlapped populations and without a head-to-head comparison of the PENG block vs. FI block. Mean-Difference (MD) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) were pooled. Trial Sequential Analyses (TSA) were performed to assess inconsistency. Quality assessment and risk of bias were performed according to Cochrane recommendations. Results: Eight RCTs comprising 384 patients were included, of whom 196 (51%) underwent PENG block. After hip surgery, PENG block reduced static pain score at 12h post-surgery (MD = 0.61 mm; 95% CI 1.12 to -0.09; p = 0.02) and cumulative postoperative oral morphine consumption in the first 24h (MD = -6.93 mg; 95% CI -13.60 to -0.25; p = 0.04) compared with the FI group. However, no differences were found between the two techniques regarding dynamic and static pain scores at 6 h or 24 h post-surgery, or in the time to the first analgesic rescue after surgery. Conclusion: The findings suggest that PENG block reduced opioid consumption in the first 24 h after surgery and reduced pain scores at rest at 12 h post-surgery. Further research is needed to fully understand the effects of the PENG block and its potential benefits compared to FI block. PROSPERO registration: CRD42022339628 PROSPERO registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php? RecordID=339628 Background (FI (PENG Methods Pubmed 2022 (RCTs) 1 age headtohead head vs MeanDifference Mean Difference MD 95 (CI pooled TSA (TSA inconsistency recommendations Results 38 included 19 51% 51 (51% postsurgery post 061 0 61 0.6 mm 112 1.1 0.09 009 09 -0.09 0.02 002 02 6.93 693 93 -6.9 mg 13.60 1360 13 60 -13.6 0.25 025 25 -0.25 0.04 004 04 group However 2 postsurgery, Conclusion postsurgery. registration CRD CRD4202233962 https//www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php httpswwwcrdyorkacukprosperodisplayrecordphp https //www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php www crd york ac uk prospero display record php https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php RecordID339628 RecordID 339628 RecordID=33962 202 (RCTs 9 3 5 (51 06 0. 11 1. 0.0 00 -0.0 6.9 69 -6. 13.6 136 -13. 0.2 -0.2 CRD420223396 wwwcrdyorkacukprosperodisplayrecordphp RecordID33962 33962 RecordID=3396 20 (5 -0. 6. -6 13. -13 CRD42022339 RecordID3396 3396 RecordID=339 ( -0 - -1 CRD4202233 RecordID339 339 RecordID=33 CRD420223 RecordID33 33 RecordID=3 CRD42022 RecordID3 RecordID= CRD4202 CRD420 CRD42 CRD4

Abstract Biliary drainage for Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma (PCCA) can be performed either by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography or Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage (PTBD). To date there is no consensus about which method is preferred. Taking that into account, the aim of this study is to compare Endoscopic Biliary Drainage (EBD) versus percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage in patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma through a systematic review and metanalysis. A comprehensive search of multiple electronic databases was performed. Evaluated outcomes included technical success, clinical success, post drainage complications (cholangitis, pancreatitis, bleeding, and major complications), crossover, hospital length stay, and seeding metastases. Data extracted from the studies were used to calculate Mean Differences (MD). Seventeen studies were included, with a total of 2284 patients (EBD = 1239, PTBD = 1045). Considering resectable PCCA, the PTBD group demonstrated lower rates of crossover (RD = 0.29; 95% CI 0.07–0.51; p = 0.009 I2 = 90%), post-drainage complications (RD = 0.20; 95% CI 0.06–0.33; p < 0.0001; I2 = 78%), and post-drainage pancreatitis (RD = 0.10; 95% CI 0.05–0.16; p < 0.0001; I2 = 64%). The EBD group presented reduced length of hospital stay (RD = -2.89; 95% CI -3.35 - -2,43; p < 0.00001; I2 = 42%). Considering palliative PCCA, the PTBD group demonstrated a higher clinical success (RD = -0.19; 95% CI -0.27 - -0.11; p < 0.00001; I2 = 0%) and less post-drainage cholangitis (RD = 0.08; 95% CI 0.01-0.15; p = 0.02; I2 = 48%) when compared to the EBD group. There was no statistical difference between the groups regarding: technical success, post-drainage bleeding, major post-drainage complications, and seeding metastases. PCCA (PCCA PTBD. . (PTBD) preferred account metanalysis cholangitis, (cholangitis bleeding , complications) metastases MD. MD (MD) 228 1239 1045. 1045 1045) RD 0.29 029 0 29 95 0.07–0.51 007051 07 51 0009 009 0.00 I 90%, 90 90% 90%) postdrainage 0.20 020 20 0.06–0.33 006033 06 33 0.0001 00001 0001 78%, 78 78% 78%) 0.10 010 10 0.05–0.16 005016 05 16 64%. 64 64% 64%) 2.89 289 2 89 -2.89 3.35 335 3 35 -3.3 2,43 243 43 -2,43 0.00001 000001 42%. 42 42% 42%) 0.19 019 19 -0.19 0.27 027 27 -0.2 0.11 011 11 -0.11 0% 0.08 008 08 0.010.15 001015 0.01 0.15 01 15 0.01-0.15 0.02 002 02 48% 48 regarding (PTBD (MD 22 123 104 0.2 9 0.07–0.5 00705 5 000 00 0.0 0.06–0.3 00603 0.000 0000 7 0.1 1 0.05–0.1 00501 6 2.8 28 8 -2.8 3.3 -3. 2,4 24 4 -2,4 0.0000 00000 -0.1 -0. 0.010.1 00101 001 015 0.01-0.1 12 0. 0.07–0. 0070 0.06–0. 0060 0.05–0. 0050 2. -2. 3. -3 2, -2, -0 0.010. 0010 0.01-0. 0.07–0 007 0.06–0 006 0.05–0 005 -2 0.010 0.01-0 0.07– 0.06– 0.05– 0.01- 0.07 0.06 0.05

RESUMO Objetivo: Determinar a precisão diagnóstica do Exame Cognitivo de Addenbrooke (ACE-R) como uma ferramenta de triagem cognitiva para adultos idosos com baixos níveis de educação e envelhecimento saudável, MCI e demência no Brasil. Métodos: Os indivíduos submeteram-se à avaliação clínica e psiquiátrica e foi administrada uma versão validada da versão revisada da bateria cognitiva ACE-R (ACE-R). Resultados: Oitenta e cinco indivíduos foram avaliados, predominando as mulheres (84,7%, n = 72). Na análise post hoc, controles e CCL exibiram diferenças estatísticas nos escores globais do ACE-R (p < 0,001) e seus subdomínios, incluindo fluência verbal, linguagem, habilidades visuoespaciais e atenção (p < 0,001). A habilidade visuoespacial foi o item mais correlacionado com a escolaridade (r = 0,509, p < 0,001), enquanto a memória tardia, de recordação e reconhecimento não foi influenciada pela educação. A precisão do ACE-R produziu melhores resultados para CCL versus controles = 0,69 (<57,5; 80/66), demência versus controles = 0,98 (<50; 100/96), CCL versus demência = 0,86 (<49,5; 100/74). Conclusões: Os escores de ACE-R e MMSE para controles e CCL foram consideravelmente inferiores aos encontrados em estudos semelhantes. Resultados preliminares confirmam a necessidade de estudos brasileiros estabelecerem pontos de corte confiáveis para baterias cognitivas em idosos com baixa escolaridade e em risco de demência, reconhecendo variáveis ecológicas e regionais.

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination Revised (ACE-R) as a cognitive screening tool for older adults with low levels of schooling and healthy aging, MCI and dementia in Brazil. Methods: All participants underwent neurological and psychiatric examinations and were administered a validated version of ACE-R. Results: A total of 85 participants were evaluated; most were females (84.7%, n = 72). The post hoc analysis showed statistical differences in ACE-R total scores between older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and controls (p < 0.001) and in subitem scores including verbal fluency, language, visuospatial skills and attention (p < 0.001). The visual-spatial skills subitem was the most strongly correlated with schooling level (r = 0.509, p < 0.001), whereas late, immediate recall and recognition memory were not influenced by schooling. The ACE-R had the best diagnostic accuracy in discriminating between MCI and controls = 0.69 (<57.5; 80/66), MD and controls = 0.98 (<50; 100/96), MCI and MD = 0.86 (<49.5; 100/74). Conclusions: ACE-R and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores for older adults with MCI and controls were significantly lower than those reported in similar studies. These preliminary findings support the need for establishing reliable cut-off scores for cognitive assessment of older Brazilian adults with low schooling at risk for dementia taking into consideration ecological and local variables.

OBJETIVOS: Verificar a prevalência da diástase dos músculos retoabdominais (DMRA) em primíparas e multíparas no pós-parto vaginal imediato, comparar a DMRA supraumbilical e infraumbilical e correlacioná-las com a idade materna, o índice de massa corporal (IMC), a idade gestacional (IG) e o tempo de trabalho de parto (TTP). MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo transversal, sendo registradas informações pessoais, antecedentes obstétricos e a DMRA supra e infraumbilical. Os pontos de medida foram 4,5 cm acima e abaixo da cicatriz umbilical, sendo graduada pelo número de dedos entre as bordas mediais dessa musculatura. Para cada dedo, foi estimado 1,5 cm. A DMRA foi considerada presente e relevante quando houvesse um afastamento >2 cm na região supra e/ou infraumbilical. RESULTADOS: Foram analisadas 467 fichas de dados, sendo a prevalência da DMRA supraumbilical >2 cm de 68% e infraumbilical de 32%. A prevalência supraumbilical entre as primíparas e multíparas foi idêntica (68%) e infraumbilical maior nas multíparas (19,8% e 29,2%). As médias da DMRA foram 2,8 (±1,2) cm supraumbilical e 1,5 (±1,1) cm infraumbilical, apresentando diferença significativa (p=0,0001) e fraca correlação (r=0,461). A média da DMRA infraumbilical foi significativamente maior nas multíparas (p<0,018). Não houve correlação com a idade materna, IMC, IG e TTP. CONCLUSÕES: A prevalência e a média da DMRA foram maiores na região supraumbilical tanto nas multíparas quanto nas primíparas. Na região infraumbilical, a média DMRA foi significativamente maior nas multíparas. A DMRA infraumbilical apresentou fraca correlação com a supraumbilical.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence of diastasis of the rectus abdominis muscles (DRAM) among primiparae and multiparae immediately after vaginal delivery, and to compare DRAM above and below the umbilicus and correlate these with the mother's age, body mass index, gestational age and duration of labor. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out. Personal information, obstetric history and DRAM measurements 4.5 cm above and below the umbilicus were recorded. DRAM was graded by the number of fingerbreadths (approximately 1.5 cm each) between the medial edges of this muscle. DRAM was considered present and relevant if the separation was >2 cm at any measurement point. RESULTS: Data from 467 women were analyzed. Above the umbilicus, the prevalence of DRAM >2 cm was 68%. Below the umbilicus, the prevalence of DRAM >2 cm was 32%. The prevalence of DRAM above the umbilicus among primiparae and multiparae was identical (68%), and the prevalence below the umbilicus was greater among multiparae (19.8% and 29.2%). The mean DRAM above the umbilicus was 2.8 cm (±1.2) and the mean DRAM below the umbilicus was 1.5 cm (±1.1), representing a significant difference (p=0.0001) and a weak correlation (r=0.461). The mean DRAM below the umbilicus was significantly greater among the multiparae (p<0.018) and there was no correlation with the mother's age, body mass index, gestational age or duration of labor. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of DRAM and mean DRAM were greater above the umbilicus both among multiparae and primiparae. Below the umbilicus, the mean DRAM was significantly greater among multiparae. DRAM below the umbilicus presented a weak correlation with DRAM above the umbilicus.