ABSTRACT Afforestation of sites disturbed after bauxite mining is the favorite technique to restore all ecosystem functions. The nature of the tree species used for revegetation of post-mining land can accelerate the recovery of soil organic matter and nutrient cycles. This study aimed to determine the litterfall production, decomposition rate and nutrient content from three types of forest cover ( Eucalyptus , Anadenanthera peregrina , mixed plantation of 16 native species) planted in a bauxite mining area in recovery. Litterfall production was evaluated monthly over 30 months, and the litter mass was assessed twice a year (dry and rainy periods). Total nutrient content was determined from samples grouped by period (dry and rainy). The annual average values for litterfall dry mass and litter mass were higher in Eucalyptus and mixed native. The period (dry or rainy) did not influence litterfall rates in A. peregrina , but Eucalyptus and mixed native presented higher amounts for litterfall during the rainy and dry periods, respectively. Litter accumulation in Eucalyptus was not affected by the season of the year, but mixed native and A. peregrina presented higher litter accumulation in the dry season. Apparent decomposition rates of A. peregrina and mixed native were higher in the rainy season, highlighting the A. peregrina with the highest values compared with the other forest covers. The mixed native presented the highest leaf content of P, K, Ca and Mg in both the litterfall and litter mass, while Eucalyptus had the lowest P, K, Ca, S and N content and the highest C content in the litterfall. Litterfall production is important in degraded areas to ensure the nutrient return to the soil. The data obtained suggest that the cultivation of a mixed of 16 native trees contribute for produce the higher annual litterfall yields, besides produces leaf litterfall of better nutritional quality in relation to P, K, Ca, Mg and S. Therefore, mixed of native trees can be a promising option for reactivation of nutrient cycling and organic matter formation in mined area of bauxite in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. functions postmining post cycles 1 3 months periods. periods . periods) rainy. A respectively covers P K yields Therefore Forest

RESUMO O presente estudo teve como objetivos avaliar o comportamento de clones de Eucalyptus grandis W.Hill ex Maiden x Eucalyptus globulus Labill e Eucalyptus urophylla S.T.Blake x Eucalyptus globulus Labill e o efeito de diferentes introduções in vitro (aos 30, 90 e 150 dias após a poda do ápice das minicepas) na fase de estabelecimento in vitro. As minicepas, fornecedoras dos explantes para a introdução in vitro, foram conduzidas em minijardim clonal semi-hidropônico. Segmentos nodais de 21 clones de Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus globulus e 8 clones de Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus globulus foram coletados, desinfestados e inoculados em meio de cultura MS, suplementado com 0,5 mg L-1 de BAP e 0,1 mg L-1 de ANA. Após 30 dias em cultura, foram feitas as avaliações e concluiu-se que houve variação entre clones, bem como entre introduções in vitro, para as variáveis estudadas, sendo possível o estabelecimento in vitro da maioria dos clones.

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to evaluate the behavior of Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus globulus and Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus globulus clones and the effect of different in vitro insertions (at 30, 90 and 150 days after pruning the donor plants) in the in vitro establishment phase. The mini-stump plants, explant providers for the in vitro introductions, were cultivated under an indoor semi-hydroponic clonal mini-hedging. Nodal segment explants of 21 Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus globulus clones and eight Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus globulus clones were harvested, disinfected and inoculated in an MS culture medium, supplemented with 0.5 mg L-1 of BAP and 0.1 mg L-1 of NAA. After 30 days in culture, evaluations were made and it was concluded that there were variations among the clones, as well as in vitro introductions, for the studied variables, where the in vitro establishment was possible for most clones.

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do intervalo de tempo entre coleta/preparo e estaqueamento no enraizamento de miniestacas em quatro clones de Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus grandis. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, arranjo bifatorial com parcelas subdivididas, tendo os intervalos de tempo nas parcelas (0, 2 e 4 horas) e clones nas subparcelas (C1 , C2 , C3 e C4 ), em três repetições de 192 plantas cada. Avaliou-se o enraizamento e a sobrevivência de miniestacas na saída da casa de vegetação e casa de sombra, a sobrevivência, o crescimento e a qualidade do sistema radicular de mudas aos 50 dias de idade. Em três dos quatro clones estudados, períodos de armazenamento das miniestacas superiores a 2 horas causam redução significativa no percentual de enraizamento e na sobrevivência das mudas aos 50 dias de idade. No entanto, o clone C2 apresenta a máxima eficiência técnica para enraizamento na saída da casa de sombra e para sobrevivência das mudas aos 50 dias, quando suas miniestacas são armazenadas por, respectivamente, 2,3 e 2,5 horas; assim como apresenta maior crescimento em altura, quando armazenadas por 4 horas. Em todos os clones, mudas provenientes de miniestacas armazenadas por 4 horas apresentam qualidade do sistema radicular inferior ao sistema radicular de mudas obtidas a partir de miniestacas com 0 e 2 horas de armazenamento.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to assess the effects of the time interval between the collection/preparation and plantation on the rooting of minicuttings of four Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus grandis clones. The experimental design used was entirely randomized, bi-factorial and arranged with sub-divided plots, being time intervals in plots (0, 2 and 4 hours) and the clones in subplots (C1 , C2 , C3 and C4 ), with three replications of 192 plants each. The rooting and the survival of minicuttings in the greenhouse exit and in the shade house, the survival, the growth and the root system quality of 50-day-old seedlings were assessed. Among the four clones studied, it was observed, in three ones, that storage periods of the minicuttings above two hours caused significant reduction in the percentage of rooting and in the survival of 50-day-old seedlings. However, the clone C2presents the most efficient technique for rooting in the shade house exit and the survival of 50-day-old seedlings when their minicuttings are stored for 2.3 and 2.5 hours, respectively; as much as it presents greater height growth, when the minicuttings were stored during 4 hours. In all clones, those seedlings from minicuttings stored during 4 hours present lower quality of root system than plants obtained from cuttings with 0 and 2 hours of storage.

Cada uma das fases do processo de miniestaquia é essencial para o sucesso da produção de mudas. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o tempo para o enraizamento em miniestacas de cinco clones híbridos de Eucalyptus grandis e ajustar modelos que melhor expressem o comportamento dos materiais genéticos durante o processo rizogênico. O processo de enraizamento das miniestacas foi conduzido em casa de vegetação climatizada, e em intervalos de tempo regulares de três dias, foram realizadas avaliações do enraizamento adventício, até o 24º dia. Pelas análises, foi possível constatar peculiaridades em relação ao comportamento de cada clone durante o enraizamento e concluir que o tempo necessário para o processo difere entre os materiais genéticos, permitindo a identificação do ponto ótimo de enraizamento das miniestacas.

Each phase in the minicutting process is essential for the success of the seedling production. The objective of this study was to assess the time for rooting in minicuttings of five Eucalyptus grandis hybrid clones and to adjust models that best express the behavior of the genetic materials during the rooting process. The minicutting rooting process was carried out in a acclimatized greenhouse and at three-day intervals, adventitious rooting was evaluated until the 24th day. By the analyses, it was possible to verify peculiarities in relation to the behavior of each clone during the rooting period and to conclude that the necessary time for the process differs among the genetic materials, allowing the identification of the best rooting point of minicuttings.

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do regulador de crescimento ácido indolbutírico (AIB) no enraizamento de miniestacas apicais e intermediárias de clones de Eucalyptus urophylla x E. globulus e Eucalyptus grandis x E. globulus. O enraizamento das miniestacas foi conduzido durante 30 dias em casa de vegetação climatizada e, em seguida, as mudas foram transferidas para casa de sombra, permanecendo por 10 dias. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos ao acaso, em arranjo fatorial triplo, constituído de dois tipos de miniestacas (apicais e intermediárias), três concentrações de AIB (0, 2000 e 4000 mg L-1) e 11 clones, em três repetições, compostas de parcelas com 12 miniestacas por repetição. Não houve efeito do AIB sobre as características avaliadas. A sobrevivência e o enraizamento das miniestacas apicais foram significativamente superiores. Houve diferença significativa entre clones quanto às características avaliadas, exceto a sobrevivência após 30 dias na casa de vegetação.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the growth regulator indol butiric acid (IBA) on the rooting of apical and intermediate mini-cuttings of Eucalyptus urophylla x E. globulus and Eucalyptus grandis x E. globulus clones. The mini-cutting rooting was carried out for 30 days in acclimatized greenhouse and after the cuttings were transferred to shade house, where they remained for 10 days. The experimental design was in random blocks with a triple factorial arrangement constituted by two types of mini-cuttings (apical and intermediate), three IBA concentrations (0, 2000 and 4000 mg L-1) and eleven clones, in three repetitions, composed of 12 mini-cuttings per repetition. The IBA did not affect the characteristics evaluated. The survival and rooting of apical mini-cuttings were significantly higher. There was significant difference among clones regarding the evaluated variables, except for survival after 30 days in greenhouse.

O presente estudo teve como objetivos avaliar a resposta de clones híbridos de Eucalyptus globulus nos meios de cultura MS e JADS durante a fase de multiplicação in vitro. Os explantes foram provenientes da fase de estabelecimento in vitro de 21 clones de Eucalyptus urophylla x E. globulus, sendo 11 clones com três introduções in vitro, e de seis clones de Eucalyptus grandis x E. globulus, sendo dois clones com três introduções. Os clones foram subcultivados mensalmente nos meios de cultura MS e JADS, com 0,5 mg L-1 de BAP (6-benzilaminopurina) e 0,01 mg L-1 de ANA (ácido naftalenoacético). Concluiu-se que: houve tendência de maiores taxas de multiplicação no meio MS; a maioria dos clones se estabeleceu na fase de multiplicação in vitro, enquanto alguns clones se mostraram recalcitrantes nesta fase da micropropagação; a taxa de multiplicação apresentou tendência de aumento nos primeiros subcultivos e posterior queda para a maioria dos clones.

The present study aimed to evaluate the response of hybrid Eucalyptus globulus clones in MS and JADS culture media during the in vitro multiplication phase. The explants were originated from the in vitro establishment phase of 21 Eucalyptus urophylla x E. globulus clones, being 11 clones with three in vitro introductions, and of six Eucalyptus grandis x E. globulus clones, being two clones with three introductions. The clones were subcultivated monthly in MS and JADS culture media, with 0.5 mg L-1 of BAP (6-benzylaminopurine) and 0.01 mg L-1 of NAA (naphthaleneacetic acid). It was concluded that: the MS culture medium was superior in terms of the multiplication rate; most of the clones were established in the in vitro multiplication phase, whereas some clones appeared recalcitrant in this phase of the micropropagation; the multiplication rate presented a tendency to increase in the first subcultures with a subsequent fall for most of the clones.