RESUMEN Introducción: El intervalo de recuperación (IR) entre series y ejercicios ha recibido atención por parte de los investigadores del entrenamiento de fuerza (EF), contribuyendo a la comprensión de esta variable en relación con el mantenimiento del rendimiento, especialmente la carga durante el entrenamiento con pesas. Se sabe que cada individuo responde de manera específica al estímulo del entrenamiento, entonces, ¿cuál es el efecto de las diferentes estrategias de intervalos de recuperación sobre el rendimiento de fuerza? Objetivo: Comparar diferentes intervalos de recuperación en entrenamiento de fuerza en volumen de entrenamiento, identificados por el número de repeticiones en musculación en adultos sanos. Métodos: Realizamos una revisión sistemática y un metanálisis basado en criterios metodológicos, comparando IR fijo y autoseleccionado en función del volumen de entrenamiento, identificado por el número de repeticiones realizadas en un programa de entrenamiento con pesas. Se analizaron los registros de tres bases de datos electrónicas (Pubmed, Biblioteca Virtual en Salud de la BVS, Ebsco Sportdiscus), combinando las palabras “entrenamiento de resistencia”, “ejercicio de resistencia”, “ejercicio de fuerza”, “intervalo de recuperación”, “intervalo de descanso”, “intervalo auto sugerido”, “rango automático seleccionado” con la combinación “AND” y “OR”. Resultados: Los datos agrupados de cinco estudios mostraron un gran efecto significativo a favor del grupo experimental (> 2 minutos) (DM: 1,24; IC del 95 % [0,78; 1,71]; z: 5,25, Q: 1,08; p < 0,01), ya que, en los estudios en cuestión, este intervalo de recuperación permitió un mayor volumen de entrenamiento. Conclusión: Los intervalos más largos parecen ser mejores, en el volumen total de entrenamiento, aunque no hay consenso para diferentes objetivos de entrenamiento frente al RI autoseleccionado. Por lo tanto, imaginamos que esta estrategia puede ser importante en la organización del programa de ejercicios de musculación. Nivel de Evidencia I; Revisión Sistemática y Meta Análisis. Introducción (IR EF, EF , (EF) pesas entonces cuál Objetivo sanos Métodos metodológicos Pubmed, Pubmed (Pubmed BVS Sportdiscus, Sportdiscus Sportdiscus) resistencia, resistencia resistencia” ejercicio fuerza, fuerza” recuperación, recuperación” descanso, descanso descanso” sugerido, sugerido sugerido” rango seleccionado AND “AND OR. OR . “OR” Resultados > ( minutos DM (DM 1,24 124 1 24 9 0,78 078 0 78 [0,78 1,71 171 71 1,71] z 525 5 25 5,25 Q 1,08 108 08 0,01, 001 0,01 01 0,01) cuestión Conclusión mejores tanto I Análisis (EF “OR 1,2 12 0,7 07 7 [0,7 1,7 17 52 5,2 1,0 10 00 0,0 1, 0, [0, 5, [0 [

ABSTRACT Introduction: The recovery interval (RI) between sets and exercises has received attention from strength training (ST) researchers, to understand the relationship of rest on performance maintenance, especially the total load in a training session. It is known that each individual responds in a specific way to the training stimulus. So, what would be the effect of the different recovery interval strategies on the strength performance? Objective: Compare the different recovery intervals in strength training volume, considering the number of repetitions in healthy adults. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis based on methodological criteria, comparing fixed and self-selected RI on training volume, identified by the number of repetitions performed in a weight training program. Three electronic databases (Pubmed, VHL Virtual Health Library, Ebsco Sportdiscus) were analyzed, combining the expressions “resistance training”, “resistance exercise”, “strength exercise”, “recovery interval”, “rest interval”, “interval auto suggested”, “auto range selected” with “AND” and “OR” combination. Results: Pooled data from five studies showed a large significant effect in favor of the experimental group (>2 minutes) (MD: 1.24; 95%-CI [0.78; 1.71]; z: 5.25, Q:1.08; p < 0.01), since in the studies, recovery interval allowed a greater training volume. Conclusion: Longer RI seems be better, for maintaining total training volume, although there is no consensus for different training objectives against the self-selected RI. Thus, we imagine that this strategy may be important in the organizing a bodybuilding exercise program. Level of Evidence I; Systematic Review and Meta Analysis. Introduction (RI ST (ST researchers maintenance session stimulus So Objective volume adults Methods metaanalysis meta analysis criteria selfselected self selected program Pubmed, Pubmed (Pubmed Library Sportdiscus analyzed resistance training, , training” exercise, exercise” interval, interval” suggested, suggested suggested” AND “AND OR “OR combination Results >2 2 (> minutes MD (MD 1.24 124 1 24 95%CI 95CI CI 95% 95 0.78 078 0 78 [0.78 1.71 171 71 1.71] z 525 5 25 5.25 Q1.08 Q108 Q 1.08 08 Q:1.08 0.01, 001 0.01 01 0.01) Conclusion better Thus I Analysis > ( 1.2 12 9 0.7 07 7 [0.7 1.7 17 52 5.2 Q1 Q1.0 Q10 108 1.0 Q:1.0 00 0.0 1. 0. [0. 5. Q1. 10 Q:1. [0 Q:1 [ Q:

RESUMO Introdução: O intervalo de recuperação (IR) entre séries e exercícios, tem recebido atenção dos pesquisadores de treinamento de força (TF), contribuindo no entendimento dessa variável em relação a manutenção do rendimento, em especial da carga durante o treinamento de musculação. Sabe-se que cada indivíduo responde de modo específico ao estimulo do treinamento, desta forma, qual o efeito das diferentes estratégias do intervalo recuperação no desempenho da força? Objetivo: Comparar diferentes intervalos de recuperação no treinamento de força no volume de treino, identificado pelo número de repetições na musculação em adultos saudáveis. Métodos: Realizamos, pelos critérios metodológicos, revisão sistemática e meta-análise, comparando o IR fixo e auto selecionado em função do volume de treino, identificado pelo número de repetições realizados em programa de musculação. Foram analisados os registros de três bases de dados eletrônicas (Pubmed, Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde BVS, Ebsco Sportdiscus), combinando as expressões “treinamento de resistência”, “exercício resistido”, “exercício de força”, “intervalo de recuperação”, “intervalo de descanso”, “intervalo auto sugerido”, “intervalo auto selecionado” com combinação “AND” e “OR”. Resultados: Os dados reunidos de cinco estudos mostraram um grande efeito significante a favor do grupo experimental (>2 minutos) (MD: 1.24; 95%-IC [0.78; 1.71]; z: 5.25, Q:1.08; p < 0.01), uma vez que nos estudos em questão, esse intervalo de recuperação possibilitou maior volume de treino. Conclusão: Intervalos mais longos parecem ser melhores no volume total do treinamento, embora não haja consenso para diferentes objetivos do treinamento frente ao IR auto selecionado. Dessa forma, imaginamos que essa estratégia possa ser importante na organização do programa de exercício de musculação. Nível de Evidencia I; Revisão Sistemática e Meta Análise. Introdução (IR exercícios TF, TF , (TF) rendimento Sabese Sabe se forma Objetivo treino saudáveis Métodos Realizamos metodológicos metaanálise, metaanálise meta análise, análise meta-análise Pubmed, Pubmed (Pubmed BVS Sportdiscus, Sportdiscus Sportdiscus) resistência, resistência resistência” resistido, resistido resistido” força, força” recuperação, recuperação” descanso, descanso descanso” sugerido, sugerido sugerido” AND “AND OR. OR . “OR” Resultados >2 2 (> minutos MD (MD 1.24 124 1 24 95%IC 95IC IC 95% 95 0.78 078 0 78 [0.78 1.71 171 71 1.71] z 525 5 25 5.25 Q1.08 Q108 Q 1.08 08 Q:1.08 0.01, 001 0.01 01 0.01) questão Conclusão I Análise (TF “OR > ( 1.2 12 9 0.7 07 7 [0.7 1.7 17 52 5.2 Q1 Q1.0 Q10 108 1.0 Q:1.0 00 0.0 1. 0. [0. 5. Q1. 10 Q:1. [0 Q:1 [ Q:

RESUMO Objetivo: Mesmo após a estimulação cerebral profunda (ECP), os pacientes com doença de Parkinson (DP) muitas vezes ainda apresentam problemas significativos de marcha e estabilidade postural, e, portanto, intervenções adicionais são necessárias. Avaliar a eficácia comparativa do treinamento em esteira, com e sem suporte de peso corporal, nos resultados de equilíbrio de pacientes com DP após ECP. Métodos: Onze pacientes com DP em uso de ECP bilateral do núcleo subtalâmico foram avaliados pelos testes Time Up and Go (TUG), escala de equilíbrio de Berg (EEB) e posturografia estática. Na fase 1, todos participaram de oito semanas de treinamento em esteira em conjunto com fisioterapia convencional. Após seis semanas (wash-out), cada paciente participou de oito semanas subsequentes de treinamento em esteira com suporte parcial de peso corporal. Resultados: Depois da fase 1, houve melhora no desempenho cognitivo do TUG (antes: 15,7 ± 1,8 s; depois: 13,7 ± 3,1 s; p < 0,01) e aumento da oscilação anteroposterior e médio-lateral do corpo com os olhos fechados. Após a fase 2, os resultados do TUG convencional (antes: 12,3 ± 2,0 seg; depois: 10,7 ± 1,7 seg; p < 0,01) e cognitivo (antes: 14,6 ± 3,5 s; depois: 12,5 ± 1,6 s; p < 0,05) demonstraram melhora. Os protocolos de treinamento não causaram mudanças significativas na EEB.. Conclusão: Ambos os treinos melhoraram o equilíbrio estático e dinâmico e tiveram resultados semelhantes; no entanto, o treinamento em esteira com suporte é uma opção potencialmente superior, uma vez que os pacientes tendiam a se sentir mais seguros. Nível de Evidência II, estudos terapêuticos - investigação de resultados de tratamento. Objetivo ECP, , (ECP) (DP postural portanto necessárias corporal Métodos TUG, (TUG) EEB (EEB estática 1 washout, washout wash out (wash-out) Resultados antes (antes 157 15 7 15, 18 8 s depois 137 13 13, 31 3 3, 0,01 001 0 01 médiolateral médio lateral fechados 2 123 12 12, 20 seg 107 10 10, 17 146 14 6 14, 35 5 125 16 0,05 005 05 EEB. Conclusão semelhantes entanto superior seguros II tratamento (ECP (TUG (wash-out 0,0 00 0,

ABSTRACT Objective: After deep brain stimulation (DBS), patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) typically still present significant gait and postural stability problems, and thus additional interventions are needed. In this way, our purpose was evaluate the comparative effectiveness of treadmill training, with and without body weight support, on balance outcomes among patients with PD after DBS. Methods: Eleven patients with PD that were using bilateral subthalamic nucleus DBS were evaluated using Time Up and Go test (TUG); Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Static Posturography. In phase 1, all subjects participated in 8-weeks of treadmill training in conjunction with conventional physiotherapy. After six weeks (wash-out), each patient then participated in a subsequent 8-weeks of treadmill training with partial body weight support. Results: After the phase 1, there were improvements on the cognitive TUG performance (Before: 15.7 ± 1,8 sec; After: 13.7 ± 3.1 sec; p < 0.01) and an increase of anteroposterior and medio-lateral body oscillation with eyes closed. After the phase 2, there were improvements in conventional (Before: 12.3 ± 2.0 sec; After: 10.7 ± 1.7 sec; p < 0.01) and cognitive (Before: 14.6 ± 3.5 sec; After: 12.5 ± 1.6 sec; p < 0.05) TUG performances. There were no significant changes in the Berg Balance Scale following either training protocol. Conclusion: Both trainings improved static and dynamic balance and had similar results; however, supported treadmill training seemed to be a potentially superior option, as patients tended to feel safer. Level of Evidence II, therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes. Objective DBS, , (DBS) Parkinsons Parkinson s (PD problems needed way support Methods (TUG) BBS (BBS Posturography 1 8weeks 8 physiotherapy washout, washout wash out (wash-out) Results Before (Before 157 15 7 15. 18 sec 137 13 13. 31 3 3. 0.01 001 0 01 mediolateral medio lateral closed 2 123 12 12. 20 2. 107 10 10. 17 1. 146 14 6 14. 35 5 125 16 0.05 005 05 performances protocol Conclusion results however option safer II (DBS (TUG (wash-out 0.0 00 0.

Abstract Background Acknowledging the relationship between postural control and muscle strength in lower limbs is important to find persons with high fall risk and to design fall prevention exercise programs. Objective To investigate the connection between knee muscle strength, semi-static postural balance, and functional mobility in irregularly active older women. Methods One hundred and ten older women aged 60 to 85 years underwent a semi-static postural balance test in a force and functional mobility measured by Timed Up & Go (TUG) with and without Cognitive Tasks (CT). Muscle strength of the knee was assessed by isokinetic dynamometry at 60°/s. Results A negative correlation between the functional mobility (TUG with and without CT) and the muscular strength of the knee was observed. Regarding semi-static balance, there was a low negative correlation with peak torque corrected for body weight of the extensors with the following variables with eyes open: Mean Velocity Dominant limb (D) (r = -0.19; p = 0.03); and anteroposterior range Non-Dominant limb (ND) (r = -0.19; p = 0.04); with eyes closed: mediolateral range ND limb (r = -0.21; p = 0.02) and Mean Velocity ND limb (r = -0.18; p = 0.05). Conclusions This study found that better functional mobility was associated with greater muscle strength in the knee in elderly women. There were weak negative correlations between knee extensor strength and some measures of semi-static postural balance, suggesting that different motor control actions are required to maintain semi-static balance and mobility. In the case of semi-static balance, a lower level of muscle response is required than in functional mobility. programs semistatic semi static 6 8 TUG CT. CT . (CT) 60s s 60°/s observed open D (D r 0.19 019 0 19 -0.19 0.03 003 03 0.03) NonDominant Non (ND 0.04 004 04 0.04) closed 0.21 021 21 -0.21 0.02 002 02 0.18 018 18 -0.18 0.05. 005 0.05 05 0.05) (CT 0.1 01 1 -0.1 0.0 00 0.2 2 -0.2 0. -0. -0 -

Resumo O basquete é um esporte praticado em todo o mundo, desta forma, testes de desempenho principalmente com baixo custo e acessíveis são sugeridos para adequar o treinamento. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar e correlacionar a velocidade e o desempenho de salto de membros inferiores de atletas de basquetebol da cidade da Praia Grande, São Paulo, Brasil. Foram avaliados 12 atletas do sexo masculino (6,92 ± 2,57 anos de prática) da equipe de Basquetebol da Cidade de Praia Grande, com idade 18,7 ± 0,6 anos, estatura 1,85 ± 0,06, massa corporal 83,66 ± 10,16 kg. Os atletas foram submetidos a sessões de testes utilizando o protocolo de avaliação da velocidade máxima de 20 metros e do salto vertical unilateral. A velocidade no teste de 20 metros foi de 3,53 ± 0,20 segundos. Embora tenha sido encontrada uma assimetria de 17,81 ± 14,64%, não foi encontrada diferença estatística (p = 0,817) entre o desempenho do salto vertical dominante (36,50 ± 7,36 cm) e não dominante (35,92 ± 5,63 cm). Além disso, foi encontrada correlação entre o teste de 20 metros e os valores de salto para perna dominante (p = 0,042), mas não para perna não dominante (p = 0,704). Em conclusão, embora tenha sido encontrada assimetria entre membros do lado dominante e não dominante do campo, não houve diferença no salto vertical mundo forma treinamento Grande Paulo Brasil 1 6,92 692 6 92 (6,9 257 2 57 2,5 prática 187 18 7 18, 06 0 0, 185 85 1,8 006 0,06 8366 83 66 83,6 1016 10 16 10,1 kg unilateral 353 3 53 3,5 020 0,2 segundos 1781 17 81 17,8 1464 14 64 14,64% p 0,817 0817 817 36,50 3650 36 50 (36,5 736 7,3 cm 35,92 3592 35 (35,9 563 5 63 5,6 cm. . disso 0,042, 0042 0,042 , 042 0,042) 0,704. 0704 0,704 704 0,704) conclusão campo 6,9 69 9 (6, 25 2, 8 1, 00 0,0 836 83, 101 10, 3, 02 178 17, 146 14,64 0,81 081 36,5 365 (36, 73 7, 35,9 359 (35, 56 5, 004 0,04 04 070 0,70 70 6, (6 14,6 0,8 08 36, (36 35, (35 07 0,7 ( 14, (3

Abstract Basketball is a sport practiced around the world in this way, performances tests especially with low-cost and accessible are suggested to adjust the training. The 00aim of present study was to evaluate and correlate the speed and jump performance of lower limbs of basketball athletes from the Praia Grande, city of São Paulo, Brazil. Twelve male athletes (6.92 ± 2.57 years of pratice) from the Basketball team of Praia Grande City, aged 18.7 ± 0.6 years, height 1.85 ± 0.06, body mass 83.66 ± 10.16 kg were evaluated. The athletes were submitted to test sessions using the protocol for evaluating the maximum speed of 20 meters and the unilateral vertical jump. The speed on 20 meter test was 3.53 ± 0.20 seconds. Although an asymmetry of 17.81 ± 14.64% was found, no statistical difference (p = 0.817) was found between the dominant (36.50 ± 7.36 cm) and non-dominant (35.92 ± 5.63 cm) of vertical jump performance. Additionally, correlation between 20-meter test and values jump was found to dominant leg (p = 0.042) but not to non-dominant leg (p = 0.704). In conclusion, although asymmetry was found between members of the dominant and non-dominant side of the pitch, did not show any difference in the vertical jump. way lowcost low cost training aim Paulo Brazil 6.92 692 6 92 (6.9 257 2 57 2.5 pratice City 187 18 7 18. 06 0 0. 185 1 85 1.8 006 0.06 8366 83 66 83.6 1016 10 16 10.1 evaluated 353 3 53 3.5 020 0.2 seconds 1781 17 81 17.8 1464 14 64 14.64 p 0.817 0817 817 36.50 3650 36 50 (36.5 736 7.3 cm nondominant non 35.92 3592 35 (35.9 563 5 63 5.6 Additionally 20meter 0.042 0042 042 0.704. 0704 0.704 . 704 0.704) conclusion pitch 6.9 69 9 (6. 25 2. 8 1. 00 0.0 836 83. 101 10. 3. 02 178 17. 146 14.6 0.81 081 36.5 365 (36. 73 7. 35.9 359 (35. 56 5. 0.04 004 04 070 0.70 70 6. (6 14. 0.8 08 36. (36 35. (35 07 0.7 ( (3

ABSTRACT Objective A comparative analysis of the association between sedentary behavior versus physical activity levels and tumor staging in women with breast cancer. Methods The present research adopted a cross-sectional study design to recruit a total of 55 adult and elderly women newly diagnosed with breast cancer for data collection and analysis. Inclusion criteria involved patients in procession of a formal approval for participation in the study by the treating physician and those not hitherto subjected to the first cycle of chemotherapy. Results Physical activity levels did not influence the pathological stage of breast cancer (p=0.26) or histological tumor grade (p=0.07) in the analyzed subjects. However, there was a significant association between physical activity levels and responsiveness to hormones (epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2), p<0.05) in the analyzed subjects. Significant difference was detected in the histological tumor grade in relation to the mean time spent sitting during the weekend (p<0.05). However, sedentary behavior had no influence on the tumor stage (p>0.05). Conclusion Physical activity levels did not influence the tumor stage and histological tumor grade. Sedentary behavior had a significant influence on the histological tumor grade. crosssectional cross sectional 5 chemotherapy p=0.26 p026 p 0 26 (p=0.26 p=0.07 p007 07 (p=0.07 subjects However epidermal HER2, HER2 HER , (HER2) p<0.05 p005 05 p<0.05. . (p<0.05) p>0.05. p>0.05 (p>0.05) p=0.2 p02 2 (p=0.2 p=0.0 p00 (p=0.0 (HER2 p<0.0 (p<0.05 p>0.0 (p>0.05 p=0. p0 (p=0. (HER p<0. (p<0.0 p>0. (p>0.0 p=0 (p=0 p<0 (p<0. p>0 (p>0. p= (p= p< (p<0 p> (p>0 (p (p< (p>

RESUMO Introdução: O objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar uma revisão sistemática e metanálise para comparar os efeitos de dois modelos de intervenção de treinamento sobre o consumo excessivo de oxigênio pós-exercício (EPOC) em indivíduos saudáveis em treinamento, e o objetivo secundário foi entender se o consumo de oxigênio depois de exercício realmente pode proporcionar ajuda substancial. Objetivo: Elaborar uma revisão de metanálise para comparar um modelo de treinamento de duas intervenções (experimental: treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade, e controle: contínuo de intensidade moderada) e o efeito sobre o EPOC total em indivíduos saudáveis. Participantes: Os 17 estudos foram considerados de boa qualidade metodológica e baixo risco de viés. Métodos: As buscas bibliográficas foram realizadas nos bancos de dados eletrônicos sem restrição de ano de publicação. Os descritores usados foram obtidos em MeSH (PubMed) e DeCS (Descritores em Ciências da Saúde da BIREME). Resultados: Os achados do presente estudo mostraram uma tendência (modelo de efeitos aleatórios: 0,87, IC 95% [0,35;1,38], I ² = 73%, p < 0,01) de aumento do EPOC quando as medidas foram realizadas depois de treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade. Conclusões: Nosso estudo concentrou-se na análise dos resultados de alta e moderada intensidade no consumo de oxigênio depois do exercício. Apesar da crescente popularidade do treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade, descobrimos que os benefícios agudos e crônicos permanecem limitados. Entendemos que a falta de um protocolo e variáveis padronizadas de treinamento fornecem consenso limitado para determinar a magnitude do EPOC. Sugerimos que estudos experimentais longitudinais podem fornecer conclusões mais robustas. Outro fator de confusão nos estudos investigados foi a magnitude (tempo em minutos) das medidas do VO2na avaliação do EPOC. Os tempos de medição variaram de 60 a 720 min. Estudos longitudinais e projetos experimentais controlados facilitariam medições mais precisas e números corretos de indivíduos forneceriam tamanhos de efeito precisos. Nível de evidência II; Revisão sistemáticabde Estudos.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The objective of this study was to present a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare total excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) for two training intervention models in healthy individuals, and the secondary objective was to understand whether oxygen consumption after exercise could really promote a meaningful help. Design: To design a meta-analysis review to compare two training intervention models (experimental: high-intensity interval training; and control: continuous moderate-intensity) and their effects on total EPOC in healthy individuals. Participants: Seventeen studies were considered to be of good methodological quality and with a low risk of bias. Methods: Literature searches were performed using the electronic databases with no restriction on year of publication. The keywords used were obtained by consulting Mesh Terms (PubMed) and DeCS (BIREME Health Science Descriptors). Results: The present study findings showed a tendency (random-effects model: 0.87, 95%-CI [0.35,1.38], I2=73%, p<0.01) to increase EPOC when measured following high-intensity interval training. Conclusions: Our study focused on the analysis of high- and moderate-intensity oxygen uptake results following exercise. Despite the growing popularity of high-intensity interval training, we found that the acute and chronic benefits remain limited. We understand that the lack of a standard protocol and standard training variables provides limited consensus to determine the magnitude of the EPOC. We suggest that longitudinal experimental studies may provide more robust conclusions. Another confounding factor in the studies investigated was the magnitude (time in minutes) of VO2 measurements when assessing EPOC. Measurement times ranged from 60 min to 720 min. Longitudinal studies and controlled experimental designs would facilitate more precise measurements and correct subject numbers would provide accurate effect sizes. Systematic reviewb of Level II studies.

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Abstract Identifying indicators that contribute to a favourable living condition becomes of great value for the diagnosis, as well as implementing preventive and health-promoting actions. The present work objective was to evaluate and compare the lifestyle, depressive symptoms and functional aptitude of elderly men and women attending a community centre. The sample consisted of 277 elderly people, 197 (71%) women and 80 (29%) men aged above 60 years. The elderly were evaluated using a questionnaire to assess lifestyle and depressive symptoms, and their functional fitness was assessed by functional autonomy tests. The differences between the parameters were analysed by the student’s t-test and χ2 whenever appropriate. Depressive symptoms were present in 35% of the elderly; however, the lifestyle analysis showed that 57.40% of the elderly had a very good classification, followed by 24.55% as good, 17.33% as excellent and 0.72% as regular. Regarding functional fitness, 19.39% of the elderly had a score related to a very good level, 15.97% good, 16.35% fair and 45.29% weak. The results found in this study suggest that the elderly attending the community centre presented low depressive symptoms with a lifestyle classification considered very good, however, with poor functional fitness with differences in some parameters between men and women.

Abstract People’s fascination with the art of funambulism has traversed generations and acquired new meanings over time. In contemporary times, the use of nylon straps arranged at varied heights marked the emergence of slackline, a sport that has attracted a large number of followers in recent decades. Despite this great popularity, it should be noted that, when some of the main research databases (Scielo, Web of Science, Scopus, SPORTDiscus and Science Direct) were consulted, little academic research was seen to have been conducted on the field, which shows the need for studies that address the practitioners of the sport, as well as its characteristics as a competitive physical activity. Thus, the aim of this study was to present and discuss the motivations to persist in slackline practice, more specifically, in the discipline of trickline. To obtain data, 14 male athletes were surveyed through semi-structured interviews. The data were analyzed according to the prerogative of Bardin’s (2011) Content Analysis . The results showed the presence of intrinsic and extrinsic motivational factors to continue slackline practice. It is therefore essential to distinguish these factors in order to meet the needs and desires of athletes to promote permanence in the sport over time.

Resumo A fascinação das pessoas pela arte do funambulismo ultrapassou gerações e adquiriu novos significados ao longo dos tempos. Na contemporaneidade, fitas de nylon dispostas nas mais variadas alturas caracterizaram a emergência do slackline, um esporte que adquiriu nas últimas décadas um número pronunciado de adeptos. Apesar dessa maior popularidade, compete ressaltar que ao consultarmos algumas das principais bases de dados (Scielo, Web of Science, Scopus, SPORTDiscus e Science Direct), observamos escassa produção acadêmica no que concerne à esse esporte, o que corrobora a necessidade de estudos que contemplem os protagonistas dessa prática, bem como suas características enquanto atividade física orientada para a competição. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi apresentar e discutir a motivação para a permanência na prática de slackline em sua vertente esportiva, mais especificamente, na categoria trickline. Para a obtenção dos dados, entrevistamos 14 atletas do sexo masculino por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os dados foram analisados segundo a prerrogativa da Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin (2011). Os resultados do estudo apontaram a presença de fatores intrínsecos e extrínsecos de motivação para a permanência na prática do slackline. Torna-se essencial distinguir esses fatores com o intuito de atender as necessidades e anseios dos esportistas com o fim de favorecer a permanência duradoura na prática esportiva.

Abstract BACKGROUND: Sitting time, screen time and low physical activity (PA) levels have been associated with several diseases and all-cause mortality. PA is related to better sleep quality and absence of daytime sleepiness, along with lower risks of obstructive syndrome apnea (OSA). However, studies on the relationship between sitting time, screen time and OSA are scarce in the literature. OBJECTIVE: To analyze associations between PA levels, sitting time, screen time and OSA among adults with suspected sleep disorder. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study conducted at Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein. METHODS: Data were collected from 369 adults with suspected sleep disorders who visited the hospital’s neurophysiology clinic between August 2015 and January 2017. RESULTS: Correlations between hypopnea and PA indicators were demonstrated for total sitting time (0.123; P = 0.019) and total screen time (0.108; P = 0.038). There was also a correlation between latency for rapid-eye-movement sleep (REM_LAT) and total sitting time (0.103; P = 0.047) and a negative correlation between mean oxyhemoglobin saturation (SaO_Avg) and total PA time (-0.103; P = 0.048). There were no associations between PA parameters and apnea-hypopnea index. After adjusting for confounding factors (body mass index, age and gender), sitting time and screen time were not associated with OSA. CONCLUSION: After adjusting for anthropometric and clinical factors, excessive sitting time or screen time was not associated with OSA in adults suspected of sleep disorders. Age, gender, hypertension, body mass index and waist circumference were associated with OSA.

Resumo O treinamento de força é parte integrante dos programas de treinamento para estética, e desempenho esportivo. Embora experimentos comparem as respostas de alguns métodos, faltam estudos que analisem o tempo de execução, a recuperação e as percepções de dor e esforço. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar e comparar as respostas metabólicas e fisiológicas do treinamento tradicional, drop set e restrição de fluxo sanguíneo em indivíduos treinados. A amostra foi composta por 16 homens treinados com idade entre 32 ± 10,5 e mínimo de 3 anos de prática contínua e regular de TF. Os dados foram coletados em 4 dias, sendo o primeiro atribuído ao teste de carga máxima e nos 3 dias seguintes analisamos aleatoriamente o drop set, restrição de fluxo sanguíneo e métodos tradicionais de treinamento. O lactato sanguíneo foi analisado após a sessão de treinamento. Circunferência do braço pré e pós-intervenção, frequência cardíaca e tempo total, escalas de percepção de dor e esforço, repetições e volumes totais. Os resultados não mostraram diferença significativa no número de repetições entre os métodos de restrição de fluxo sanguíneo e drop set, mas o volume total e o tempo foram significativamente maiores no drop set. O maior valor de lactato sanguíneo foi encontrado no drop set apesar dos outros métodos também apresentarem valores elevado. A restrição do fluxo sanguíneo e o drop set apresentaram diferença significativa em relação ao método tradicional na escala subjetiva de esforço pós-exercício, fato que se relaciona com o maior volume total, principalmente no drop set.

Abstract Strength training is an integral part of training programs for aesthetics and sports performance. Although experiments compare the responses of some methods, there is a lack of studies that analyze the time of execution, the recovery and perceptions of pain and exertion. The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the metabolic and physiological responses of traditional, drop set and blood flow restriction training. The sample consisted of 16 trained men aged 32 ± 10,5 and minimum of 3 years of continuous and regular practice of ST. Data were collected in 4 days, being the first one assigned to maximum load testing and the following 3 days we analyzed randomly the drop set, blood flow restriction and traditional training methods. Blood lactate was analyzed after the training session. Pre and post intervention arm circumference, heart rate and total time, perceived pain and exertion rating scales, repetition and total volumes. Results showed no significant difference on repetitions number between blood flow restriction and drop set methods but total volume and time were significantly higher on drop set. The highest blood lactate value was found on drop set despite the other methods also show high values. Blood flow restriction and drop set showed significant difference regarding to traditional method on post exercise subjective exertion rating scale, a fact that relates with the highest total volume, mostly on drop set.

Resumo Objetivo Determinar os efeitos de um programa de exercício físico remoto realizado em ambiente domiciliar na capacidade funcional e percepção de solidão de idosos socialmente isolados, devido a pandemia da covid-19. Método Vinte e nove (29) idosos foram divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos: (1) grupo controle (GC) e grupo de exercício em ambiente domiciliar (GEAD). A força muscular dos membros inferiores, a capacidade funcional e a percepção de solidão foram avaliadas no início (pré-teste), 4 semanas e 8 semanas (pós-teste). As avaliações consistiram no teste de sentar e levantar da cadeira (TSL), teste de velocidade de marcha (TVM), Timed Up and Go (TUG) e teste de percepção de solidão (TPS). Resultados O número de repetições durante o TSL foi estatisticamente diferente entre os grupos (GC vs. GEAD, p=0,006 e entre os momentos (Pré vs. 4S vs. 8S, p=0,043.). No teste de TUG, dentro do GC, o momento pré foi estatisticamente menor em relação ao momento de 8 semanas (p<0,021), indicando maior tempo para completar o TUG (pré 12,0±5,9 s vs. 8W 12,7±6,5 s). Essa mesma comparação não foi estatisticamente diferente dentro do GEAD. Não houve diferenças estatísticas no TVM e TPS entre os grupos e entre os momentos. Conclusão O programa de exercício domiciliar melhorou a capacidade funcional após 8 semanas de treinamento, mas a percepção de solidão e o teste de velocidade de marcha não foram afetados pelo programa de exercícios físico remoto em idosos isolados devido à pandemia de covid-19.

Abstract Objective to determine the effects of a simple home-based exercise program on functional capacity and perceived loneliness of older adults in lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Method Twenty-nine volunteers were randomly divided into two groups: (1) control group (CG); and (2) home-based exercise group (HBEG). Lower limb muscle strength, functional capacity, and perceived loneliness were assessed at baseline (pre-test), 4 weeks, and 8 weeks (post-test) using the Chair Standing Test (CST), Gait Speed Test (GST), Timed Up and Go test (TUG), and Perceived Loneliness Scale (PLS). Results The number of repetitions on the CST differed statistically between the groups (CG vs. HBEP, p=0.006) and among timepoints (Pre vs. 4W vs. 8W, p=0.043.). In the CG group, TUG test completion time was statistically lower at baseline than at 8 weeks (p=0.021) (pre 12.0±5.9 s vs. 8W 12.7±6.5 s). There was no statistical difference in TUG time in the HBEG. No statistical differences were found on the GST and PSL between groups or among timepoints. Conclusion The home-based exercise program improved general functional capacity after 8 weeks of training, but perceived loneliness and gait speed were unchanged in the older adults experiencing lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Abstract Aims: This study aimed to investigate the effects of different cadences of movement in ATI equipment on the psychophysiological parameters of older adults during the training session. Methods: Fifteen physically independent older men voluntarily participated in this study. Three 30-min exercise sessions were randomly distributed (5 min warm-up, 20 min exercise, 5 min cooldown), comprising exercises with different cadences low (L: 1 movement every 4 s), medium (M: 1 movement every 2 s), and high cadence (H: 1 movement per second); all with 30” of stimulus and 30” recovery using the following devices: elliptical, rower, surf/elliptical and leg press. Heart rate (HR), rate of perceived exertion (RPE), rate of perceived recovery (RPR), and feeling scale (FS) were evaluated before and immediately after the three sessions. The difference between moments was analyzed by analysis of variance with a significance level of p < 0.0001). Results: Cadence L (56 ± 2 %) showed lower values of relative HR than M (70 ± 5%) and H (85 ± 5%), which also differed from each other. Significant differences (p < 0.01) for the area under the curve of RPE (L: 75 ± 26, M: 115 ± 16, H: 154 ± 4) and RPR (L: 173 ± 16, M: 139 ± 12, H: 97 ± 6; UA) were identified among the cadences. Statistical differences (p < 0.01) were found on RPE 30 min of the session (L: 4.2 ± 0.7 < M: 5.7 ± 0.7 < H: 7.4 ± 0.5). Conclusion: The performance of different cadences induced different psychophysiological responses in older adults undergoing exercise sessions in the ATI. The moderate cadence provided an increase in HR with values considered safe for the exercise and therefore can be recommended for this population when using this equipment.

Abstract Aim: To determine the somatotype profile and level of physical activity in older adults. Methods: Seventy-two older adults were divided into two groups: frail (F = 33) and non-frail (NF = 39). Frailty status was determined using the Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI), somatotype using the Heath and Carter method, and physical activity by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Results: Somatotype analysis showed a predominance of endomorphy (F = 6.54 ± 1.65 vs NF = 6.12 ± 2.07 p ≤ 0.350) followed by mesomorphy (F = 3.44 ± 1.62 vs NF = 3.15 ± 2.19, p ≤ 0.531) and ectomorphy (F = 0.82 ± 0.99 vs NF = 0.95 ± 0.86 p ≤ 0.163), but no significant differences were observed between groups. Regarding PA, twenty-eight participants (84.7%) of the F group were classified as sedentary and insufficiently active and twenty-one (53.8%) of NF were classified as active and very active. This difference in PA explains the higher total energy expenditure found in NF (median 1,087.43; IAQ = 3,954.30) when compared to F (median = 0.0; IAQ = 462.64 p ≤ 0.001). The frailty group presented a higher endomorphic component as well as lower levels of physical activity and energy expenditure. Conclusion: Endomorphy was the predominant somatotype in F and NF older adults, followed by mesomorphy and actomorphy this profile can affect activities of daily living, functional capacity, and independent living and be associated with chronic diseases.

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever os suplementos utilizados por adolescentes em academias da cidade de São Paulo e os fatores relacionados à sua utilização. Métodos: Participaram 1.012 adolescentes de ambos os sexos, com idade variando entre 13 e 18 anos, sendo todos frequentadores regulares de academias de ginástica na cidade de São Paulo. Para coletada de dados, foi utilizado um questionário com objetivo de identificar os principais suplementos consumidos pelos adolescentes. Utilizou-se o teste Qui Quadrado para verificar possíveis associações com significância de p<0,05. Resultados: O uso de suplementos foi mais frequente na faixa etária entre 16 e 18 anos, no nível socioeconômico B, e, o uso desses suplementos foi mais alto a medida que o tempo de prática de exercício na academia foi maior (>12 meses). A quantidade de modalidades de exercício praticada na academia esteve inversamente associada ao uso de suplementos. Adolescentes do sexo masculino consumiram significativamente mais suplementos do que o sexo feminino, e, os profissionais de Educação Física, amigos e pais foram os que mais influenciaram os adolescentes para o uso de suplementos. Os principais suplementos utilizados pelos meninos foram o gel de carboidrato (90,9%) e hipercalóricos (94,5%). Nas meninas foram o fat burner (55,0%) e vitaminas e minerais (50,0%). Conclusão: O uso de suplementos foi comum entre adolescentes praticantes de exercícios em academias de São Paulo e a indicação foi feita basicamente por profissionais de educação física.

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the supplements used by adolescents in gyms in the city of São Paulo and the factors related to their use. Methods: Participants were 1,012 adolescents of both sexes, aged between 13 and 18 years old, all of them regular regulars at gyms in the city of São Paulo. For data collection, a questionnaire was used to identify the main supplements consumed by adolescents. The chi-square test was used to verify possible associations with a significance of p<0.05. Results: The use of supplements was more frequent in the age group between 16 and 18 years, in the socioeconomic level B, and the use of these supplements was higher as the time of exercise in the gym was longer (>12 months). The amount of exercise modalities practiced in the gym was inversely associated with the use of supplements. Male adolescents consumed significantly more supplements than females, and Physical Education professionals, friends and parents were the ones who most influenced adolescents to use supplements. The main supplements used by the boys were carbohydrate gel (90.9%) and hypercaloric (94.5%). In girls it was fat burner (55.0%) and vitamins and minerals (50.0%). Conclusion: The use of supplements was common among adolescents who exercise in gyms in São Paulo and the indication was made by physical education professional.

RESUMO Introdução: O uso da eletromioestimulação de corpo inteiro (whole body electromyostimulation - WB-EMS) tem mostrado ser um método eficiente para induzir melhora significativa da força muscular e do desempenho. Hipoteticamente, a prática de WB-EMS foi considerada potencializadora do gasto energético na sessão, mas isso ainda não está claro. Objetivo: Diante da escassez de informações, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o gasto energético da WB-EMS associada ao treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade (HIIT) com o peso corporal. Métodos: Quatorze participantes do sexo masculino foram submetidos a duas sessões de exercícios randomizadas: HIIT (exercícios com peso corporal sem WB-EMS) e HIIT + WB-EMS (exercícios com peso corporal associados a WB-EMS). Para ambas as condições de exercício, os indivíduos realizaram HIIT com peso corporal, de acordo com o seguinte protocolo: 3 minutos de aquecimento seguidos de 4 exercícios (30 segundos de estímulo), organizados em 2 blocos com 3 séries em cada exercício, com 15 segundos de descanso passivo entre as séries e 180 segundos entre os blocos, com os seguintes exercícios realizados: jumping jack (polichinelo), squat and thrust, burpee e spider plank. Resultados: Diferenças significativas foram encontradas no consumo de VO2 absoluto (HIIT: 2,18 ± 0,34, HIIT + WB-EMS: 2,32 ± 0,36; L.min−1) e VO2 relativo (HIIT: 26,30 ± 3,77, HIIT + WB-EMS: 28,02 ± 3,74; ml.kg.min−1), MET (HIIT: 7,51 ± 1,07, HIIT + WB-EMS: 8,00 ± 1,07), concentração no sangue de lactato (HIIT: 11,59 ± 2,16, HIIT + WB- EMS: 12,64 ± 1,99 mmol.L−1) e gasto energético total (HIIT: 249,6± 45,04 Kcal, HIIT+ WB-EMS: 268,9± 40,67 Kcal; 7,46 ± 5,31%). Conclusão: Nossos dados indicam que o uso de WB-EMS associado ao HIIT gerou demanda metabólica ligeiramente superior à do controle. Entretanto, as diferenças absolutas não permitem indicar superioridade do WB-EMS, e estudos futuros devem ser planejados de modo a determinar os efeitos a longo prazo. Nível de evidência II.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The use of whole body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) has been shown to be an efficient method for inducing significant improvements in muscle strength and performance outcomes. Hypothetically, WB-EMS had been considered an enhancer of energy expenditure in the session, but this remains unclear. Objective: In view of the lack of information, this study aims to evaluate the energy expenditure of WB-EMS associated with whole body High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT). Methods: Fourteen male participants were submitted into two randomized exercise sessions: HIIT (whole body weight exercises without WB-EMS) and HIIT+WB-EMS (whole body weight exercises associated with WB-EMS). For both exercise conditions, the subjects performed whole body HIIT according to the following protocol: 3 minutes of warm-up followed by 4 exercises (30 seconds of stimulus) organized in 2 blocks, with 3 sets in each exercise, a rest period of 15 seconds between sets, and 180 seconds between blocks. The following exercises were performed: jumping jacks, squat and thrusts, burpees, and spider plank. Results: Significant differences were found in the absolute VO2 (HIIT:2.18±0.34, HIIT+WB-EMS:2.32±0.36 L.min−1) and relative VO2 (HIIT:26.30±3.77, HIIT+WB-EMS:28.02± 3.74 ml.kg.min−1), MET (HIIT:7.51±1.07, HIIT+WB-EMS:8.00±1.07), lactate concentration (HIIT:11.59±2.16, HIIT+WB-EMS: 12.64±1.99 mmol.L−1) and total energy expenditure (HIIT: 249.6± 45.04 Kcal, HIIT+ WB-EMS: 268.9±40.67 Kcal; 7.46 ± 5.31%). Conclusion: Our data indicate that the use of WB-EMS associated with HIIT generated a slightly higher metabolic demand than that of the control. However, the absolute differences do not allow us to indicate the superiority of WB-EMS, and future trials should be designed to determine the long-term effects.

RESUMEN Introducción: Se ha demostrado que el uso de la electroestimulación de cuerpo entero (WB-EMS) es un método eficaz para inducir mejoras significativas en la fuerza muscular y los resultados de rendimiento. Hipotéticamente, la práctica de WB-EMS se consideró un potenciador del gasto calórico en la sesión, pero esto aún no está claro. Objetivo: el objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el gasto energético del WB-EMS asociado al HIIT con el peso corporal. Métodos: Se asignaron al azar catorce participantes masculinos a dos sesiones de ejercicio: HIIT (ejercicios de peso corporal total sin WB-EMS) y HIIT + WB-EMS (ejercicios de peso corporal total asociados con WB-EMS). Para ambas condiciones de ejercicio, los sujetos realizaron HIIT con peso corporal según el siguiente protocolo: 3 minutos de calentamiento seguido de 4 ejercicios (30 segundos de estímulo) organizados en 2 bloques con 3 series en cada ejercicio y 15 segundos entre series y ejercicios y 180 segundos entre bloques de descanso pasivo con los siguientes ejercicios realizados: jump jack, squat and thrust, burpee y spider plank. Resultados: Se encontraron diferencias significativas en el consumo de VO2 absoluto (HIIT: 2,18 ± 0,34, HIIT + WB-EMS: 2,32 ± 0,36 L.min−1) y relativo (HIIT: 26,30 ± 3,77, HIIT + WB-EMS: 28,02 ± 3,74 ml.kg.min1), MET (HIIT: 7,51 ± 1,07, HIIT + WB-EMS: 8,00 ± 1, 07), concentración de lactato (HIIT: 11,59 ± 2,16, HIIT + WB-EMS: 12,64 ± 1,99 mmol.L−1) y gasto energetico total (HIIT: 231,5±36,38Kcal, HIIT + WB-EMS:246,9± 38,76Kcal; 6,14± 5,61%). Conclusión: Nuestros datos indican que el uso de WB-EMS asociado a HIIT generó, en una de manera sutil, una mayor respuesta a la demanda metabólica que la situación de control. Sin embargo, las diferencias absolutas no permiten indicar la superioridad del WB-EMS con estudios futuros y deben planificarse.