Eugenia punicifolia (Kunth) DC. is a medicinal plant used to treat diseases related to oxidative processes. In this work, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and multivariate analysis have been employed to track the chemical changes and antioxidant activity of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) extracts from E. punicifolia leaves over seasons. Principal component analysis (PCA) applied to 1H NMR allowed discriminating DMSO extracts from leaves collected in the dry and rainy seasons and pointed out sucrose, catechin, and epicatechin as responsible for separating dry season samples and quercetin, acid gallic, glucose, and fatty acids contributed for rainy samples grouping. Notably, antioxidant assays revealed that dry season extracts exhibited a higher radical scavenging capacity. When those compounds were submitted to partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) only sucrose and fatty acids presented variable importance projection (VIP) score > 1, both metabolites are related somehow to the defense mechanisms of the plant. This pilot study may suggest new experimental approaches for more effectively monitoring the spectrum-effect relationship of E. punicifolia leaf extracts. Kunth (Kunth DC processes work H (NMR (DMSO E PCA (PCA catechin quercetin gallic glucose grouping Notably capacity squaresdiscriminant squares discriminant PLSDA PLS DA (PLS-DA VIP (VIP 1 spectrumeffect spectrum effect

Abstract This work aimed to analyze actions and articulations of the urban social movements “Minha Jampa” and “João Pessoa que Quero”, which claim participation in the management and strategies of urban planning in the city of João Pessoa (PB). Firstly, for answering the problem — How do these urban social movements understand the city? —theoretical-methodological references were analyzed. These references helped us to understand the changes in interpretations of social movements and how was the process of conception of urban activism and their new realities. Indeed, it was observed that community actions revealed several interconnected questions about the right to the city as they sought to exercise some social control of urban public policies, mainly in urban mobility due to the weakness of democratic management from the government. Beyond monitoring the conduct of government practices, urban social movements carried out investigations and critical analyzes on projects and changes in urban and environmental laws that may threaten the rights in and to the city. Then, it was possible to verify that the action of these urban social movements proposed new approaches and tools to encourage broad social participation toward the constitution of a political community that collectively builds the city for all people. Minha Jampa Quero, Quero , Quero” PB. PB . (PB) Firstly theoreticalmethodological theoretical methodological analyzed realities Indeed policies practices Then people (PB

Resumo Este trabalho objetiva analisar as ações e articulações dos grupos de ativistas “Minha Jampa” e “João Pessoa que Queremos”, que reivindicaram participação na gestão e estratégias de planejamento urbano na cidade de João Pessoa/PB. Para responder a problemática – Como essas redes de ativismos compreendem a cidade? – foram analisadas referências teórico-metodológicas para entender a passagem das interpretações sobre os movimentos sociais e como se desencadeou o processo de concepção dos ativistas urbanos articulados em rede e suas novas realidades. Usando a pesquisa qualitativa, observou-se que as ações coletivas revelaram questões interligadas sobre direito à cidade, na medida em que buscaram exercer algum controle social nas políticas públicas urbanas, principalmente de mobilidade urbana, visto a debilidade das instâncias oficiais de gestão democrática nesse controle. Além do monitoramento na condução de práticas de governo, os grupos de ativistas articulados em rede realizaram investigações e análises críticas sobre os projetos e mudanças nas leis urbanísticas e ambientais que podem ameaçar os direitos na e à cidade. Foi possível constatar que a ação desses grupos propõe novas abordagens e ferramentas para fomentar a participação social ampla, na direção de constituição de uma comunidade política, que constroem coletivamente a cidade para todas as pessoas. Minha Jampa Queremos, Queremos , Queremos” PessoaPB PB Pessoa/PB teóricometodológicas teórico metodológicas realidades qualitativa observouse observou urbanas urbana governo ampla política pessoas

ABSTRACT: Myiasis is a worsening parasitic condition in newborn sheep, requiring effective medications for healing. This article demonstrates the development of a phytotherapeutic emulgel (phytogel) composed of copaiba oil (Copaifera martii) and “barbatimão” (Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville) incorporated into a polymeric blend composed of Pluronic® F127 and Carbopol® 934P. The formulation demonstrated antimicrobial potential by inactivating the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. Administering the phytotherapeutic to the umbilicus of newborn lambs for five days effectively promoted healing and prevented inflammation and myiasis. The erythrogram and leukogram of the animals showed statistical equivalence between the animals treated with the phytotherapeutic and iodine. Furthermore, the human intervention index of the phytogel was lower when compared to iodine. The results underscore the medication’s potential, warranting further studies in veterinary medicine. ABSTRACT sheep (phytogel Copaifera martii barbatimão “barbatimão Stryphnodendron Mart. Mart (Mart. Coville Pluronic F F12 Carbopol 934P P aureus myiasis iodine Furthermore medication s medicine (Mart F1

RESUMO: Miíase é um quadro de parasitismo agravante em ovinos recém-nascidos, requerendo medicamentos eficazes para cicatrização. Este artigo demonstra a obtenção de emulgel fitoterapêutico composto por óleo de copaíba (Copaifera martii) e barbatimão (Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville) incorporado em uma blenda polimérica composta por Pluronic® F127 e Carbopol® 934P. A formulação mostrou potencial antimicrobiano inativando a bactéria Staphylococcus aureus. A administração do fitoterápico no umbigo de cordeiros recém-nascidos durante cinco dias mostrou adequada cicatrização, não permitindo a ocorrência de inflamação ou miíase. O eritrograma e leucograma dos animais mostraram equivalência estatística entre os animais tratados com o fitoterápico e iodo. Ainda, o índice de intervenção humana do emulgel fitoterapêutico foi menor quando comparado ao iodo. O conjunto de resultados evidenciaram o potencial do medicamento desenvolvido, sendo um candidato para outros ensaios na clínica veterinária. RESUMO recémnascidos, recémnascidos recém nascidos, nascidos cicatrização Copaifera martii Stryphnodendron Mart. Mart (Mart. Coville Pluronic F F12 Carbopol 934P P aureus miíase iodo Ainda desenvolvido veterinária (Mart F1

ABSTRACT Introduction: It is commonly recognized that the enhancement of students’ learning potential is directly related to preceptors’ qualities. In this sense, the assessment of teachers’ practice becomes an essential element in ensuring the quality in the training of new specialists. However, in the context of medical education in Brazil, there are currently few studies on the evaluation of preceptors and a shortage of instruments for this purpose. One of the currently available instruments is the System for Evaluation of Teaching Qualities (SETQ) Smart. Objective: To conduct a cross-cultural adaptation and content validity of SETQ for use in Brazil. Methods: This instrument comprises two versions and, in this study, the version for residents was adapted for preceptor assessment. The cultural adaptation followed five steps: two initial English to Brazilian Portuguese translations; two synthesis translations; two back-translations; an expert committee assessment of conceptual analysis, semantic, idiomatic and cultural equivalences; and a pre-test. In addition, a panel of expert judges conducted the content validation. Results: Forty resident physicians, with a median age of 30 (IQR = 6.25), participated in the pre-test. Eighty percent of the participants rated the components that make up the SETQ Smart as clear and culturally appropriate, except for the title statement. The expert panel of judges comprised ten residents, 70% female. The agreement rates ranged from 80 to 100% regarding clarity, cultural adequacy, item representativeness within their respective domains and each item permanence in the instrument assessments. Conclusion: This study culturally adapted one of the two versions of the SETQ Smart for use in Brazil and provided preliminary evidence sources of validity of the versions through content validation. Introduction students qualities sense teachers specialists However purpose (SETQ Objective crosscultural cross Methods steps translations backtranslations back back-translations analysis semantic equivalences pretest. pretest pre test. test pre-test addition validation Results physicians 3 IQR 6.25, 625 6.25 , 6 25 6.25) appropriate statement 70 female 8 100 clarity adequacy assessments Conclusion 62 6.2 2 7 10 6. 1

RESUMO Introdução: Já se reconhece que o incremento do potencial de aprendizagem dos alunos está diretamente relacionado às qualidades do preceptor. Nesse sentido, a avaliação da prática dos docentes impõe-se como um elemento essencial da garantia de qualidade na formação de novos especialistas. Todavia, no contexto da educação médica no Brasil, existem atualmente poucas pesquisas sobre avaliação de preceptores e escassez de instrumentos para essa finalidade. Um dos instrumentos atualmente disponíveis é o System for Evaluation of Teaching Qualities (SETQ). Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo executar a adaptação transcultural e a validade de conteúdo do SETQ para uso no Brasil. Método: Esse instrumento é composto por duas versões, e neste estudo foi adaptada a versão dos residentes para avaliação do preceptor. A adaptação cultural seguiu cinco etapas: duas traduções iniciais do inglês para o português brasileiro; duas traduções de síntese; duas retrotraduções; uma avaliação do comitê de especialistas em termos de análise conceitual, equivalência semântica, idiomática e cultural; e um pré-teste. Além disso, um painel de juízes especialistas conduziu a validação de conteúdo. Resultado: Quarenta médicos residentes, com idade mediana de 30 anos (IQR = 6,25), participaram do pré-teste. Oitenta por cento dos participantes classificaram os componentes que compõem o SETQ Smart como claros e culturalmente apropriados, exceto pelo enunciado do questionário. O painel de juízes especialistas incluiu dez residentes, 70% do sexo feminino. As taxas de concordância variaram de 80% a 100% em relação à clareza, adequação cultural, representatividade dos itens dentro de seus respectivos domínios e permanência de cada item nas avaliações do instrumento. Conclusão: Este estudo adaptou culturalmente uma das duas versões do SETQ Smart para uso no Brasil e forneceu evidências preliminares de validade dessa versão por meio da validação de conteúdo. Introdução preceptor sentido impõese impõe Todavia finalidade SETQ. . (SETQ) Objetivo Método etapas brasileiro síntese retrotraduções conceitual semântica préteste. préteste pré teste. teste pré-teste disso Resultado 3 IQR 6,25, 625 6,25 , 6 25 6,25) apropriados questionário 70 feminino 80 100 clareza Conclusão (SETQ 62 6,2 2 7 8 10 6, 1

Abstract Background Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare chronic autoimmune disease with heterogeneous manifestations. In the last decade, several clinical trials have been conducted to evaluate new treatment options for SSc. The purpose of this work is to update the recommendations of the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology in light of the new evidence available for the pharmacological management of SSc. Methods A systematic review including randomized clinical trials (RCTs) for predefined questions that were elaborated according to the Patient/Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcomes (PICO) strategy was conducted. The rating of the available evidence was performed according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology. To become a recommendation, at least 75% agreement of the voting panel was needed. Results Six recommendations were elaborated regarding the pharmacological treatment of Raynaud’s phenomenon, the treatment (healing) and prevention of digital ulcers, skin involvement, interstitial lung disease (ILD) and gastrointestinal involvement in SSc patients based on results available from RCTs. New drugs, such as rituximab, were included as therapeutic options for skin involvement, and rituximab, tocilizumab and nintedanib were included as therapeutic options for ILD. Recommendations for the pharmacological treatment of scleroderma renal crisis and musculoskeletal involvement were elaborated based on the expert opinion of the voting panel, as no placebo-controlled RCTs were found. Conclusion These guidelines updated and incorporated new treatment options for the management of SSc based on evidence from the literature and expert opinion regarding SSc, providing support for decision-making in clinical practice. (SSc manifestations decade (RCTs PatientPopulation Patient Population Patient/Population Intervention Comparison PICO (PICO Assessment GRADE (GRADE methodology recommendation 75 needed Raynauds Raynaud s phenomenon healing (healing ulcers ILD (ILD drugs rituximab placebocontrolled placebo controlled found decisionmaking decision making practice 7

Abstract This brief review delves into the topic of in vitro follicle culture for in vitro embryo production, with a particular emphasis on goat models. Specifically, we examine the main findings from LAMOFOPA-Brazil over the last 20 years, highlighting the challenges posed by oxidative stress and epigenetic changes. Our focus is on strategies to improve follicular development and oocyte maturation. Furthermore, we underscore the valuable role of the antioxidant anethole in optimizing the efficacy of in vitro follicle culture and improving outcomes in in vitro embryo production. production models Specifically LAMOFOPABrazil LAMOFOPA Brazil 2 years changes maturation Furthermore

Modifying the surface of titanium alloys with a laser considerably increases the specific area, which has beneficial implications for the osseointegration process. In this study, Yb:YAG laser was used to modify the surface of the commercial β-type Ti-15Mo alloy. The process parameters used were based on a suitable osseointegration condition for this treatment. The effect of such modification on the fatigue performance of the alloy was analyzed. To assess the impact of surface modification on the alloy’s fatigue performance, axial fatigue tests were conducted on specimens with both polished and laser-modified surfaces (R = 0.1). Fatigue strength was evaluated using a staircase method, where specimens were subjected to varying maximum stress levels to determine the fatigue limit after 5x106 cycles. The results showed that the laser-modified surface presented cavities and roughness values such that the effect on fatigue was highly detrimental. A reduction of around 75% in the fatigue limit (maximum stress) was obtained, indicating that modifying the Ti-15Mo alloy with laser for medical purposes may require integrated biological-mechanical development. area study YbYAG Yb YAG βtype β type Ti15Mo TiMo Ti 15Mo Mo treatment analyzed s lasermodified modified R 0.1. 01 0.1 . 0 1 0.1) method x 5x10 cycles detrimental 75 obtained biologicalmechanical biological mechanical development 0. 5x1 7 5x

Abstract This article aims to analyze the perception of the state of anxiety and the incidence of common mental disorders in higher education students of public and private institutions, in the situation of the coronavirus pandemic Covid-19 (acute respiratory infection caused by the coronavirus SARS -CoV-2). For this purpose, the method used is the application of an online form with profile survey of the respondents, questões referring to the perceptions of the students regarding the state of anxiety and the application of the instrument Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). The results show accentuated and critical tables as to how much mental health it shows. The perception of the state of anxiety was identified in 86% of students of public institutions and 81% of students of private institutions. Likewise, the incidence of common mental disorders was identified in 67% of students from public institutions and 63% of students from private institutions. Covid19 Covid 19 Covid-1 acute CoV2. CoV2 CoV 2 . -CoV-2) purpose respondents SRQ20. SRQ20 SRQ 20 (SRQ-20) shows 86 81 Likewise 67 63 Covid1 1 Covid- -CoV-2 SRQ2 (SRQ-20 8 6 -CoV- (SRQ-2 -CoV (SRQ- (SRQ

Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a percepção acerca do estado de ansiedade e da incidência de transtornos mentais comuns em discentes de ensino superior de instituições pública e particular, na situação de pandemia pelo coronavírus Covid-19 (infecção respiratória aguda causada pelo coronavírus SARS-CoV-2). Para isso, utilizou-se como método a aplicação de um formulário online com levantamento de perfil dos respondentes, questões referentes às percepções dos estudantes acerca do estado de ansiedade e a aplicação do instrumento Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Os resultados apresentam quadros acentuados e críticos quanto à saúde mental da amostra. A percepção acerca do estado de ansiedade foi identificada em 86% dos discentes da instituição pública e 81% dos discentes da instituição particular. Do mesmo modo, a incidência de transtornos mentais comuns foi identificada em 67% dos discentes da instituição pública e 63% dos discentes da instituição particular. particular Covid19 Covid 19 Covid-1 infecção SARSCoV2. SARSCoV2 SARSCoV SARS CoV 2 . SARS-CoV-2) isso utilizouse utilizou se respondentes SRQ20. SRQ20 SRQ 20 (SRQ-20) amostra 86 81 modo 67 63 Covid1 1 Covid- SARS-CoV-2 SRQ2 (SRQ-20 8 6 SARS-CoV- (SRQ-2 SARS-CoV (SRQ- (SRQ

Resumen Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la percepción acerca del estado de ansiedad y de la incidencia de transtornos mentales comunes en los discentes de enseñanza superior de las instituciones públicas y particulares, en la situación de pandemia de pelo coronavírus Covid-19 (infección respiratoria aguda causada por el coronavírus SARS). -CoV-2). Para utilizarlo como método de aplicación de un formulario en línea con levantamiento del perfil de los encuestados, se realizan preguntas sobre las percepciones de los estudiantes sobre el estado de ansiedad y la aplicación del instrumento Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Los resultados presentan cuadros acentuados y críticos en cuanto a salud mental da muestra. La percepción acerca del estado de ansiedad se identificó en el 86% de los discentes de la institución pública y en el 81% de los discentes de la institución particular. Del mismo modo, una incidencia de transtornos mentales comunes se identificó en el 67% de los discentes de la institución pública y el 63% de los discentes de la institución particular. particulares Covid19 Covid 19 Covid-1 infección SARS. SARS . SARS) CoV2. CoV2 CoV 2 -CoV-2) encuestados SRQ20. SRQ20 SRQ 20 (SRQ-20) muestra 86 81 particular modo 67 63 Covid1 1 Covid- -CoV-2 SRQ2 (SRQ-20 8 6 -CoV- (SRQ-2 -CoV (SRQ- (SRQ

Abstract The objective of this study was to introduce new cultivars of Capsicum frutescens L. (pepper) with resistance to anthracnose. 'UNEMAT Pedro' is characterized by its red fruits, while 'UNEMAT Malagueta Pantaneira' is hybrid with orange‒red fruits. Both cultivars exhibit a semi-perennial growth cycle, a pungent fruit flavour, and high productivity. L pepper (pepper anthracnose UNEMAT Pedro fruits Pantaneira orangered orange semiperennial semi perennial cycle flavour productivity

RESUMO Os ecossistemas de manguezais são sensíveis ao óleo, pois os derramamentos podem prejudicar os processos de desenvolvimento da vegetação de mangue. Desde a década de 2010, a margem equatorial brasileira, mais especificamente a Bacia do Pará-Maranhão e a foz do Rio Amazonas, vem sendo afetada pelo vazamento de petróleo proveniente de atividades urbanas e pelo aumento do risco de perfurações exploratórias em águas profundas para extração de petróleo. A dispersão dos propágulos do manguezal ocorre durante os ciclos das marés, quando a presença de tensores na água pode afetar a germinação. Analisamos os efeitos do óleo diesel na germinação de propágulos de duas espécies de mangue mais comuns na região, Laguncularia racemosa e Avicennia germinans, em seis tratamentos de óleo diesel na água (0,5%, 1%, 1,5%, 2%, 3% e 4%) e um controle sem óleo diesel. As variáveis resposta foram germinabilidade (G%), tempo médio de germinação, velocidade média de germinação e índice de velocidade de germinação (IVG). G% e IVG dos propágulos de L. racemosa diferiram significativamente entre o controle e todos os tratamentos (G% e GSI < 10% no tratamento 3%). Os propágulos de A. germinans foram mais resistentes e as variáveis fisiológicas não diferiram significativamente entre tratamentos e controle (G% > 90% em todos os tratamentos). Nossos resultados indicam que, no estágio de germinação, L. racemosa foi mais suscetivel que A. germinans à contaminação por óleo diesel automotivo. 2010 brasileira ParáMaranhão Pará Maranhão Amazonas marés região 0,5%, 05 0 5 (0,5% 1 1% 15 1,5% 2 2% 3 4% 4 G%, G , (G%) IVG. . (IVG) L (G 10 3%. 3%) 90 tratamentos. tratamentos) automotivo 201 0,5% (0,5 1,5 (IVG 9 20 0,5 (0, 1, 0, (0 (

ABSTRACT Mangrove ecosystems are sensitive to oil, as spills can impair developmental processes of mangrove vegetation. Since the 2010s, the Brazilian equatorial margin, more specifically the Pará-Maranhão Basin and the mouth of the Amazonas River, has been affected by oil runoff from urban activities and the increased risk from exploratory deepwater drilling for oil extraction. Dispersal of mangrove propagules occurs during the tidal cycles, when the presence of tensors in the water can affect germination. We analyzed the effects of diesel oil on the germination of propagules of the two most common mangrove species in the region, Laguncularia racemosa and Avicennia germinans, in six treatments of diesel oil in the water (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 3% and 4%) and a diesel-free control. The response variables were germinability (G%), mean germination time, mean germination speed and the germination speed index (GSI). G% and GSI in L. racemosa propagules differed significantly between the control and all treatments (G% and GSI < 10% in the 3% treatment). Propagules of A. germinans were more resistant, and the physiological variables did not differ significantly among treatments and control (G% > 90% in all treatments). Our results indicate that, at the germination stage, L. racemosa was more susceptible than A. germinans to contamination by automotive diesel oil. vegetation 2010s s margin ParáMaranhão Pará Maranhão River extraction cycles region 0.5%, 05 0 5 (0.5% 1 1% 15 1.5% 2 2% 3 4% 4 dieselfree free G%, G , (G%) time GSI. . (GSI) L (G 10 treatment. treatment treatment) A resistant 90 treatments. treatments) that stage 0.5% (0.5 1.5 (GSI 9 0.5 (0. 1. 0. (0 (

Abstract This study assessed the effect of different periods of post-hatch fasting on animal performance and breast and digestive system growth in European quail. Quail chicks were distributed in a completely randomized design, with four fasting periods (0, 24, 36, and 48 hs) and four replications of 40 birds per treatment. In 1 to 14-day-old chicks, weight gain decreased with increasing fasting time. Compensatory gain was observed from 15 days of age onward. Fasted quail had a lower length and relative weight of the digestive system than fed animals for up to 14 days. Histologically, the duodenal villus height was significantly lower in 3-day-old quail fasted for 36 hs than in those fasted for 48 hs, but this effect was not observed at 7 days. Scanning electron microscopy showed no differences in the small intestinal mucosa between fasted and fed birds at 3 days of age. Post-hatch fasting reduced the relative weight of the breast in quail aged 1 to 14 days but did not affect type IIa and IIb fiber diameter at 35 days. On the basis of these results, it is recommended that European quail raised for meat should not be fasted for more than 48 hs post-hatch. posthatch post hatch design 0, 0 (0 24 4 treatment 14dayold dayold day old time onward Histologically 3dayold Posthatch Post results posthatch. hatch. ( 2

RESUMO O nascimento de uma criança significa esperança e alegria, particularmente para os pais e para a equipe de saúde. Quando essa criança nasce com uma malformação grave e de prognóstico reservado, como acontece na SHCE, o cenário é de grande incerteza e sofrimento emocional. O papel da equipe de saúde torna-se fundamental para a identificação de conflitos de valores e para a busca de decisões compartilhadas que promovam o melhor benefício à criança. Quando o diagnóstico é feito em vida fetal, é necessário a elaboração de estratégias de aconselhamento adequadas ao contexto de cada família. Em locais com recursos assistenciais limitados, acompanhamento prénatal precário e condição temporal curta, o aconselhamento preconizado fica comprometido. A indicação do tratamento requer competência técnica e uma análise pormenorizada de questões éticas, sendo importante a consultoria aos serviços ou comissões de bioética clínica institucional. O artigo propõe a abordar os conflitos morais de dois casos clínicos e a respectiva análise bioética que envolve princípios e valores em contextos de vulnerabilidade e incertezas, contrapondo duas situações onde a indicação do tratamento baseou-se na acessibilidade ao tratamento. alegria reservado SHCE emocional tornase torna se fetal família limitados curta comprometido éticas institucional incertezas baseouse baseou

ABSTRACT The birth of a child means hope and joy, particularly for the parents and the healthcare team. When this child is born with a severe malformation and a poor prognosis, as in the case of hypoplastic left heart syndrome, the scenario is one of great uncertainty and emotional suffering. The role of the health team becomes fundamental for the identification of conflicts of values and for the search for shared decisions that promote the best benefit to the child. When the diagnosis is made during fetal life, it is necessary to develop counseling strategies appropriate to the context of each family. In places with limited care resources, precarious prenatal care and short temporal conditions, the recommended counseling is compromised. Indication of treatment requires technical competence and a detailed analysis of ethical issues, and consultation with institutional clinical bioethics services or commissions is important. The article proposes to address the moral conflicts of two clinical cases and the respective bioethical analysis that involves principles and values in contexts of vulnerability and uncertainty, contrasting two situations where the indication of treatment was based on accessibility to treatment. joy prognosis syndrome suffering life family resources conditions compromised issues important

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar las vulnerabilidades por la enfermedad de las mujeres en zonas mineras en la frontera del Escudo Guayanés: Brasil, Guayana Francesa y Surinam. Método: Investigación de campo, descriptiva, exploratoria, con enfoque cualitativo. La recolección de datos se realizó con 19 mujeres que vivían el contexto de las minerías, en abril de 2018. Las entrevistas fueron grabadas y transcritas en su totalidad y posteriormente analizadas a la luz del concepto de vulnerabilidad. Resultados: Mujeres de 30 a 39 años, predominantemente negras y pardas, unión estable, multíparas, baja escolaridad y con actividades laborales afines a la minería. Surgieron tres categorías empíricas: Exposición a las condiciones ambientales y de vida en las minerías: vulnerabilidades de las mujeres a enfermarse; salud sexual y reproductiva en el contexto de las fronteras: la invisibilidad entre la legalidad y la ilegalidad; facetas de género de la violencia en las minerías de la frontera del escudo guayanés. Conclusión: La vulnerabilidad se acentúa en las tres dimensiones del concepto, a saber, el difícil acceso a los servicios de salud, la interrupción del tratamiento y la disparidad en las políticas de salud entre países, son aspectos importantes para la vulnerabilidad y las condiciones de salud. Objetivo Guayanés Brasil Surinam Método campo descriptiva exploratoria cualitativo 1 2018 Resultados 3 años pardas estable multíparas minería empíricas enfermarse fronteras ilegalidad guayanés Conclusión saber países 201 20 2

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the the vulnerabilities to illnesses in women living on the border of the Guiana Shield mines: Brazil, French Guiana, and Suriname. Method: Descriptive, exploratory field study with a qualitative approach. Data collection took place with 19 women who were living in the mining context, in April 2018. The interviews were recorded and transcribed in full and subsequently analyzed in the light of the concept of vulnerability. Results: Women aged between 30 and 39 years, predominantly black and brown, on a common-law marriage, multiparous, of low level of education, and with work activities related to mining. Three empirical categories emerged: Exposure to environmental and life conditions in the mines: vulnerabilities to illnesses in women; Sexual and reproductive health in the context of borders: the invisibility between legality and illegality; Gendered facets of violence in the mines on the border of the Guiana Shield. Conclusion: Vulnerability is marked in the three dimensions of the concept: in the difficult access to health services, in the discontinued treatment, and in the disparity in health policies within countries, which are important aspects of vulnerability and health conditions. Objective Brazil Suriname Method Descriptive approach 1 2018 Results 3 years brown commonlaw common law marriage multiparous education emerged borders illegality Conclusion services treatment countries 201 20 2

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar as vulnerabilidades para o adoecimento de mulheres em áreas de garimpos da fronteira do Escudo das Guianas: Brasil, Guiana Francesa e Suriname. Método: Pesquisa de campo, descritiva, exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa. A coleta de dados ocorreu com 19 mulheres que vivenciavam o contexto de garimpagem, em abril de 2018. As entrevistas foram gravadas e transcritas na íntegra e posteriormente analisadas à luz do conceito de vulnerabilidade. Resultados: Mulheres com idade entre 30 e 39 anos, predominantemente pretas e pardas, união estável, multíparas, baixa escolaridade e com atividades de trabalho relacionadas à garimpagem. Emergiram três categorias empíricas: Exposição às condições ambientais e de vida nos garimpos: vulnerabilidades para o adoecimento de mulheres; Saúde sexual e reprodutiva no contexto de fronteiras: a invisibilidade entre a legalidade e a ilegalidade; Facetas gendradas da violência nos garimpos da fronteira do escudo das Guianas. Conclusão: A vulnerabilidade é acentuada nas três dimensões do conceito, quais sejam: a dificuldade de acesso aos serviços de saúde, tratamento descontinuado e disparidade nas políticas de saúde entre os países, que são aspectos importantes à vulnerabilidade e condições de saúde. Objetivo Guianas Brasil Suriname Método campo descritiva exploratória qualitativa 1 garimpagem 2018 Resultados 3 anos pardas estável multíparas empíricas fronteiras ilegalidade Conclusão sejam países 201 20 2

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Resumo: Fatores associados a anemia e deficiência de vitamina A foram investigados em 7.716 crianças de 6-59 meses de idade parte da Estudo Nacional de Alimentação e Nutrição Infantil (ENANI-2019). Adotamos uma abordagem hierárquica baseada em um modelo teórico do Fundo das Nações Unidas para a Infância (UNICEF) com três níveis estratificados por idade (6-23; 24-59 meses). Foram estimadas razões de prevalência (RP) e intervalos de 95% de confiança (IC95%). Determinantes habilitadores: observamos maior prevalência de anemia em crianças de 6-23 meses de idade cujas mães tinham ≤ 7 anos de escolaridade (RP = 1,92; IC95%: 1,10; 3,34), < 20 anos de idade (RP = 2,47; IC95%: 1,34; 4,56) ou 20-30 anos de idade (RP = 1,95; IC95%: 1,11; 3,44), cor parda (RP = 1,57; IC95%: 1,06; 2,23); e em crianças de 24-59 meses de idade na Região Norte (RP = 3,11; IC95%: 1,58; 6,13). Encontramos maior prevalência de deficiência de vitamina A em crianças de 6-23 meses de idade no Centro-oeste (RP = 2,32; IC95%: 1,33; 4,05) e em crianças de 24-59 meses de idade residentes nas regiões Norte (RP = 1,96; IC95%: 1,16; 3,30), Sul (RP = 3,07; IC95%: 1,89; 5,01) e Centro-oeste (RP = 1,91; IC95%: 1,12; 3,25) cujas mães tinham entre 20-34 anos de idade (RP = 1,62; IC95%: 1,11; 2,35). Determinantes subjacentes: a presença de mais de uma criança < 5 anos de idade no domicílio se associou a maior prevalência de anemia (RP = 1,61; IC95%: 1,15; 2,25) e deficiência de vitamina A (RP = 1,82; IC95%: 1,09; 3,05) em crianças de 6-23 meses de idade. Determinantes imediatos: o consumo de 1-2 grupos de alimentos ultraprocessados em crianças de 24-59 meses de idade (RP = 0,44; IC95%: 0,25; 0,81) e o não aleitamento materno no dia anterior em crianças de 6-23 meses de idade (RP = 0,56; IC95%: 0,36; 0,95) foram associados com a menor prevalência de anemia e deficiência de vitamina A. Políticas públicas focadas em grupos geográfica e socialmente vulneráveis são necessárias para promover equidade. Resumo 7716 716 7.71 659 6 59 6-5 ENANI2019. ENANI2019 ENANI 2019 . (ENANI-2019) UNICEF (UNICEF 623 23 (6-23 2459 24 24-5 meses. meses) RP 95 IC95%. IC95 IC IC95% (IC95%) habilitadores 6-2 1,92 192 1 92 1,10 110 10 3,34, 334 3,34 , 3 34 3,34) 2 2,47 247 47 1,34 134 4,56 456 4 56 2030 30 20-3 1,95 195 1,11 111 11 3,44, 344 3,44 44 3,44) 1,57 157 57 1,06 106 06 2,23 223 2,23) 3,11 311 1,58 158 58 6,13. 613 6,13 13 6,13) Centrooeste Centro oeste 2,32 232 32 1,33 133 33 4,05 405 05 1,96 196 96 1,16 116 16 3,30, 330 3,30 3,30) 3,07 307 07 1,89 189 89 5,01 501 01 1,91 191 91 1,12 112 12 3,25 325 25 2034 1,62 162 62 2,35. 235 2,35 35 2,35) subjacentes 1,61 161 61 1,15 115 15 2,25 225 1,82 182 82 1,09 109 09 3,05 305 imediatos 1- 0,44 044 0 0,25 025 0,81 081 81 0,56 056 0,36 036 36 0,95 095 equidade 771 71 7.7 65 6- ENANI201 201 (ENANI-2019 (6-2 245 24- 9 IC9 (IC95% 1,9 19 1,1 3,3 2,4 1,3 4,5 45 203 20- 3,4 1,5 1,0 2,2 22 3,1 31 6,1 2,3 4,0 40 3,0 1,8 18 8 5,0 50 3,2 1,6 0,4 04 0,2 02 0,8 08 0,5 0,3 03 0,9 77 7. ENANI20 (ENANI-201 (6- (IC95 1, 3, 2, 4, 6, 5, 0, ENANI2 (ENANI-20 (6 (IC9 (ENANI-2 ( (IC (ENANI- (ENANI

Abstract: Factors associated with anemia and vitamin A deficiency were investigated in 7,716 children 6-59 months of age studied in the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019). We adopted a hierarchical approach based on a United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) theoretical model with three levels, stratifying by age (6-23; 24-59 months). Prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were estimated. Enabling determinants: a higher prevalence of anemia was observed in children 6-23 months whose mothers had ≤ 7 years of schooling (PR = 1.92; 95%CI: 1.10; 3.34), < 20 years old (PR = 2.47; 95%CI: 1.34; 4.56) or 20-30 years old (PR = 1.95; 95%CI: 1.11; 3.44), mixed-race (PR = 1.57; 95%CI: 1.06; 2.23); and in children 24-59 months in the North Region (PR = 3.11; 95%CI: 1.58; 6.13). A higher prevalence for vitamin A deficiency was observed in children 6-23 months from Central-West (PR = 2.32; 95%CI: 1.33; 4.05), and in children 24-59 months living in the North (PR = 1.96; 95%CI: 1.16; 3.30), South (PR = 3.07; 95%CI: 1.89; 5.01), and Central-West (PR = 1.91; 95%CI: 1.12; 3.25) and whose mothers were 20-34 years (PR = 1.62; 95%CI: 1.11; 2.35). Underlying determinants: the presence of more than one child < 5 years old in the household was associated with a higher prevalence of anemia (PR = 1.61; 95%CI: 1.15; 2.25) and vitamin A deficiency (PR = 1.82; 95%CI: 1.09; 3.05) in children 6-23 months. Immediate determinants: consumption of 1-2 groups of ultra-processed foods in children 24-59 months (PR = 0.44; 95%CI: 0.25; 0.81) and lack of breastfeeding in the day before in children 6-23 months (PR = 0.56; 95%CI: 0.36; 0.95) were associated with lower prevalence of anemia and vitamin A deficiency. Public policies focused on geographically and socially vulnerable groups are needed to promote equity. Abstract 7716 716 7,71 659 6 59 6-5 ENANI2019. ENANI2019 ENANI 2019 . (ENANI-2019) Childrens Children s UNICEF (UNICEF levels 623 23 (6-23 2459 24 24-5 months) PR 95 95%CI 95CI CI (95%CI estimated determinants 6-2 1.92 192 1 92 1.10 110 10 3.34, 334 3.34 , 3 34 3.34) 2 2.47 247 47 1.34 134 4.56 456 4 56 2030 30 20-3 1.95 195 1.11 111 11 3.44, 344 3.44 44 3.44) mixedrace mixed race 1.57 157 57 1.06 106 06 2.23 223 2.23) 3.11 311 1.58 158 58 6.13. 613 6.13 13 6.13) CentralWest Central West 2.32 232 32 1.33 133 33 4.05, 405 4.05 05 4.05) 1.96 196 96 1.16 116 16 3.30, 330 3.30 3.30) 3.07 307 07 1.89 189 89 5.01, 501 5.01 01 5.01) 1.91 191 91 1.12 112 12 3.25 325 25 2034 1.62 162 62 2.35. 235 2.35 35 2.35) 1.61 161 61 1.15 115 15 2.25 225 1.82 182 82 1.09 109 09 3.05 305 1- ultraprocessed ultra processed 0.44 044 0 0.25 025 0.81 081 81 0.56 056 0.36 036 36 0.95 095 equity 771 71 7,7 65 6- ENANI201 201 (ENANI-2019 (6-2 245 24- 9 1.9 19 1.1 3.3 2.4 1.3 4.5 45 203 20- 3.4 1.5 1.0 2.2 22 3.1 31 6.1 2.3 40 4.0 3.0 1.8 18 8 50 5.0 3.2 1.6 0.4 04 0.2 02 0.8 08 0.5 0.3 03 0.9 77 7, ENANI20 (ENANI-201 (6- 1. 3. 2. 4. 6. 5. 0. ENANI2 (ENANI-20 (6 (ENANI-2 ( (ENANI- (ENANI

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (B. lactis) HN019 in drinking water on the development of apical periodontitis (AP) in rats. In total 60 animals were divided into a control group (sound teeth); Group I - regular water without AP; Group II - probiotic water without AP; Group III - regular water with AP; Group IV - probiotic water with AP. AP was induced after 3 days in the control groups and after 7, 21, and 42 days in groups III and IV. The animals were euthanized, and the mandibles were subjected to histotechnical processing. Samples were stained with hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) to identify root canal features, apical and periapical regions. Additionally, histoenzymology was performed to detect osteoclasts, immunohistochemistry was used to identify osteoclastogenesis markers, and the Brown & Brenn technique was applied for microbiological analysis. The data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 8.0.1 with a significance level of 5%. Although no statistical differences were observed, the groups administered with probiotics showed better conditions in terms of histological aspects seen microscopically. Furthermore, there were no differences in the number of osteoclasts (p > 0.05). The RANKL marker was not found in the probiotic group at 42 days, unlike in group III. subsp B. B (B HN HN01 (AP rats 6 sound teeth teeth) 7 21 4 euthanized processing H&E HE H E (H&E features regions Additionally markers analysis 801 8 0 1 8.0. 5 5% observed microscopically Furthermore p 0.05. 005 0.05 . 05 0.05) HN0 2 80 8.0 00 0.0 8. 0.