Resumen Objetivo: analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la escala de experiencias de recuperación en trabajadores dependientes (asalariados) peruanos. Método: estudio transversal donde participaron voluntariamente 462 trabajadores dependientes de ambos sexos, de entre 20 a 66 años de edad, de las tres regiones del Perú. Los participantes fueron reclutados de empresas del sector financiero, turismo, educación, salud y telecomunicaciones. El instrumento objeto de validación fue la escala de experiencias de recuperación validada para profesores peruanos. Se analizó la estructura interna mediante el análisis factorial confirmatorio, la consistencia interna con el coeficiente Alpha de Cronbach y la validez convergente a través del coeficiente de correlación de Pearson. Resultados: el análisis factorial confirmatorio reportó un ajuste adecuado para la estructura original de cuatro factores (x2= 141.782., p < 0,001, CFI = 0,981, RMSEA = 0,065. y SRMR = 0,035). Las cargas factoriales resultantes se encuentran entre 0,71 y 0,90 y la consistencia interna α entre 0,81 y 0,92. Con respecto a la validez convergente, se hallaron correlaciones directas y significativas entre las dimensiones de experiencias de recuperación y la escala de bienestar general (r= 0,126 a r=0,287). Conclusiones: la escala de experiencias de recuperación demuestra validez basada en la estructura interna, fiabilidad y validez convergente, y puede ser aplicada en la gestión de la salud ocupacional para trabajadores dependientes peruanos.

Abstract Introduction: After facing a health crisis, it is important for workers to develop recovery experiences; therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the recovery experience scale in Peruvian salaried workers. Method: A cross-sectional study of 462 salaried workers of both sexes, between 20 and 66 years of age, from the three regions of Peru, who participated voluntarily. The participants were recruited from companies in the financial, tourism, education, health and telecommunications sectors. The survey instrument was the recovery experience scale, which had been previously validated for Peruvian teachers. The internal structure was analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency with Cronbach&apos;s alpha (α) coefficient and convergent validity through Pearson&apos;s correlation coefficient. Results: The confirmatory factor analysis showed an adequate fit for the original four-factor structure (x2= 141.782, p < 0.001, CFI = 0.981, RMSEA = 0.065 and SRMR = 0.035). The resulting factor loadings were between 0.71 and 0.90 and the internal consistency α between 0.81 and 0.92. With respect to convergent validity, direct and significant correlations were found between the recovery experience dimensions and the general well-being scale (r= 0.126 to r=0.287). Conclusions: The recovery experience scale demonstrates validity, based on internal structure, reliability and convergent validity, and can be used in the occupational health management of Peruvian salaried workers.

ABSTRACT Introduction: In Cuba, the training of teaching personnel has been a concern from the very triumph of the Cuban Revolution to the present, as has been the training and improvement of those who direct these teachers. The study carried out on the formation of educational leadership in the school principals of the Morón municipality, Cuba, shows that they have shortcomings in their preparation to perform efficiently. Objectives: Characterize the educational leadership competence of school principals. Develop a strategy to form educational leadership competence in school principals. Methods: A methodology is used for the construction of the theoretical construct of educational leadership competence of school principals: Bibliographic Review, Virtual Debate Forum, Discussion Groups, Diagnosis of Practice and Ibero American Experts’ Judgment (35); this last method made it possible to create of the Ibero American Network of Leadership and Educational Practices (RILPE). Results and Discussion: Contributions are made to the training of school principals (2015-2020). In a general way, the management style is studied, as well as the influence they exert on the membership of educational institutions and the training processes of directive leadership in Ibero America. A leadership training strategy was developed taking into account the improvement, research and methodological work as access routes to the training of the cadres. The scientific result was validated through expert judgment. Its implementation was evaluated through the index of group satisfaction.

RESUMEN Introducción: En Cuba la formación del personal docente ha sido una preocupación desde el propio triunfo de la Revolución cubana hasta la actualidad, como lo ha sido la capacitación y superación de quienes dirigen a dichos docentes. El estudio realizado sobre la formación del liderazgo educacional en los directores de escuela del municipio Morón, Cuba, evidencia que estos poseen insuficiencias en su preparación para desempeñarse de manera eficiente. Objetivos: caracterizar la competencia liderazgo educacional en los directores de escuelas y elaborar una estrategia para formar la competencia liderazgo educacional en los directores de escuelas. Métodos: Se utiliza una metodología para la construcción del constructo teórico competencia liderazgo educacional en directores de escuelas revisión bibliográfica, foro, debate virtual, grupos de discusión, diagnóstico de la práctica y criterio de expertos Iberoamericano, este último método posibilitó la creación de la Red Iberoamericana de Liderazgo y Prácticas Educativas (RILPE). Resultados y discusión: Se ofrecen aportes en la formación de los directores de escuelas (2015-2020), de manera general se estudia el estilo de dirección, la influencia que estos ejercen en la membresía de las instituciones educativas, los procesos de formación del liderazgo directivo en Iberoamérica, se elaboró una estrategia de formación del liderazgo teniendo en cuenta la superación, investigación y el trabajo metodológico como vías de acceso a la formación de los cuadros, el resultado científico fue validado mediante el criterio de especialista, se evaluó su implementación a través del índice de satisfacción grupal.

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a tendência temporal da mortalidade por câncer de colo de útero no Brasil e calcular uma projeção até o ano de 2030. Foram analisados os óbitos ocorridos no Brasil de 1996 a 2010 (Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade). Foram realizadas análises das tendências da mortalidade por meio da regressão Joinpoint, e para o cálculo das projeções foi utilizado o Nordpred. Para o Brasil, a tendência é de redução (APC = 1,7% IC95%-2,2; −1,1 p < 0,05), sendo significativa nas regiões centro oeste (APC = −1,3% ao ano), sudeste (APC =−3,3%) e sul (APC = −3,9%). As regiões norte e nordeste apresntam tendência de estabilidade. Os estados do Acre (APC = −6,5%) e Rio Grande do Sul (APC = −4,1%) apresentaram as maiores tendências de redução. Na análise das projeções de mortalidade, haverá uma redução das taxas no Brasil a partir do primeiro período projetado, sendo mais marcante para a região sul. As taxas de mortalidade até o ano 2030 serão explicadas, em maior medida, pela redução dos risco para a doença. A mortalidade por câncer de colo de útero apresenta tendência de redução, todavia está desigualmente distribuída no Brasil, com as regiões norte e nordeste apresentando as maiores taxas.

Abstract The scope of this article is to analyze the temporal trends of cervical cancer mortality in Brazil and calculate the projection of mortality through to the year 2030. Deaths that occurred within the 1996-2010 period were analyzed (Mortality Information System). Mortality trend analysis utilized the Joinpoint regression, while Nordpred was utilized for the calculation of projections. For Brazil, decreasing trends were identified (APC = 1.7% CI95%-2.2; −1.1 p < 0.05). The Midwest region presented a significant reduction trend (APC = −1.3% per year), along with the Southeast (APC = −3.3%) and South (APC = −3.9%) regions. The North and Northeast regions presented stable trends. The states of Acre (APC = −6.5%) and Rio Grande do Sul (APC = −4.1%) presented the most pronounced reduction trends. Analysis of the mortality projections revealed a reduction in mortality rates, starting from the first projected period, with a considerable reduction for the South region. Mortality rates through to the year 2030 are explained, principally, by reductions in the riskof the disease. Cervical cancer mortality presents reducing trends, however these are unequally distributed throughout the country, where the North and Northeast regions present the highest mortality rates.

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a tendência temporal da mortalidade por câncer de colo de útero no Brasil e calcular uma projeção até o ano de 2030. Foram analisados os óbitos ocorridos no Brasil de 1996 a 2010 (Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade). Foram realizadas análises das tendências da mortalidade por meio da regressão Joinpoint, e para o cálculo das projeções foi utilizado o Nordpred. Para o Brasil, a tendência é de redução (APC = 1,7% IC95%-2,2; −1,1 p < 0,05), sendo significativa nas regiões centro oeste (APC = −1,3% ao ano), sudeste (APC =−3,3%) e sul (APC = −3,9%). As regiões norte e nordeste apresntam tendência de estabilidade. Os estados do Acre (APC = −6,5%) e Rio Grande do Sul (APC = −4,1%) apresentaram as maiores tendências de redução. Na análise das projeções de mortalidade, haverá uma redução das taxas no Brasil a partir do primeiro período projetado, sendo mais marcante para a região sul. As taxas de mortalidade até o ano 2030 serão explicadas, em maior medida, pela redução dos risco para a doença. A mortalidade por câncer de colo de útero apresenta tendência de redução, todavia está desigualmente distribuída no Brasil, com as regiões norte e nordeste apresentando as maiores taxas.

Abstract The scope of this article is to analyze the temporal trends of cervical cancer mortality in Brazil and calculate the projection of mortality through to the year 2030. Deaths that occurred within the 1996-2010 period were analyzed (Mortality Information System). Mortality trend analysis utilized the Joinpoint regression, while Nordpred was utilized for the calculation of projections. For Brazil, decreasing trends were identified (APC = 1.7% CI95%-2.2; −1.1 p < 0.05). The Midwest region presented a significant reduction trend (APC = −1.3% per year), along with the Southeast (APC = −3.3%) and South (APC = −3.9%) regions. The North and Northeast regions presented stable trends. The states of Acre (APC = −6.5%) and Rio Grande do Sul (APC = −4.1%) presented the most pronounced reduction trends. Analysis of the mortality projections revealed a reduction in mortality rates, starting from the first projected period, with a considerable reduction for the South region. Mortality rates through to the year 2030 are explained, principally, by reductions in the riskof the disease. Cervical cancer mortality presents reducing trends, however these are unequally distributed throughout the country, where the North and Northeast regions present the highest mortality rates.

Objective: estimate colorectal cancer incidence and prevalence in Aragón, Spain, based on mortality and survival data from the period 1998-2007, and provide projections of incidence, prevalence and mortality until the year 2022. Methods: general and colorectal cancer mortality rates were obtained from the National Statistics Institute and survival data was obtained from the EUROCARE study. Estimations were carried out through the program MIAMOD. The joinpoint program was used to quantify the annual change expected in the projections. Results: in men, an increase in prevalence is expected, from 237.2 (Crude Rate - CR = 303.5) to 237.7 (CR = 412.7) per 100.000 inhabitants/year in 2022. Incidence rates would increase from 48.2 (CR = 61.6) in 2007 to 55.2 (CR = 83.1), and mortality would increase from 22.7 (CR = 29.4) to 26.0 (CR = 39.6) when comparing 2007 and 2022. In women, a reduction in prevalence is expected from 181.5 (CR = 268.3) to 167.9 (CR = 286.2) cases per 100,000 inhabitants/year. Incidence would change from 25.0 (CR = 38.0) in 2007 to 22.7 (CR = 39.2), and for mortality there is also an expected decrease, from 11.3 (CR =18.0) to 10.3 (CR = 18.5). Conclusion: the projections indicate that colorectal cancer in Spain follows an increasing trend in incidence, mortality and prevalence in men, in opposition to corresponding decreasing trends in women. These projections must be considered in order to plan more effective prevention and treatment measures.

Objetivo: estimar la incidencia y la prevalencia del cáncer colorrectal en Aragón, España, basándose en datos de mortalidad y supervivencia del periodo de 1998 a 2007, y proporcionar proyecciones de incidencia, prevalencia y mortalidad hasta el año 2022. Métodos: la mortalidad por todas las causas y para el cáncer colorrectal se obtuvo del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y los datos de supervivencia del estudio EUROCARE. Las estimaciones han sido realizadas utilizándose el programa MIAMOD. El programa Joinpoint ha sido utilizado para cuantificar el cambio anual que se espera en las proyecciones. Resultados: en los hombres, se prevé un aumento de la prevalencia con valor de tasa ajustada de 237,2 (tasa cruda - TC = 303,5) a 273,7 (TC = 412.7) casos por 100.000 habitantes/año en el año 2022. La tasa de incidencia aumentaría de 48,2 (TC = 61,6) a 55,2 (TC = 83,1) casos y la mortalidad de 22,7 (TC = 29,4) a 26,0 (TC = 39,6) al comparar los años de 2007 y 2022. En mujeres se espera una reducción de la prevalencia de 181,5 (TC = 268,3) a 167,9 (TC = 286,2) casos por 100.000 habitantes/año. La tasa de incidencia disminuiría de 25,0 (TC = 38,0) a 22,7 (TC = 39,2) y la mortalidad de 11,3 (TC = 18,0) a 10,3 (TC = 18,5). Conclusión: las proyecciones indican que el cáncer colorrectal en España sigue una tendencia de aumento en la incidencia, mortalidad y prevalencia en hombres y reducción en mujeres. Se necesitan planificar medidas de prevención y tratamiento más efectivas.

Objective: To analyze the trend in the incidence rates of major salivary gland cancer in population-based cancer registries in Spain. Methods: The following Spanish cancer registries with a minimum follow-up period of 10 years were selected: Albacete, Asturias, Granada, Murcia, Navarre, Tarragona and Zaragoza. Adjusted incidence rates were calculated. Joinpoint software was utilized to calculate change estimations in incidence rates for the period 1991-2001. Results: Joinpoint analysis revealed a statistically significant decreasing trend with an annual percent change of -5.3% (95% CI: -8.7 to -1.8). Conclusion: The incidence of major salivary gland cancers in Spain was low and a decreasing trend was identified between 1991 and 2001.

Objetivo: Analizar la evolución de las tasas de incidencia de los cánceres de glándulas salivales mayores en los Registros de Cáncer de Base Poblacional españoles. Métodos: Se seleccionaron los registros con un mínimo de 10 años de seguimiento: Albacete, Asturias, Granada, Murcia, Navarra, Tarragona y Zaragoza. Se calcularon las tasas de incidencia ajustadas a la población española a mitad del periodo. La tendencia de las tasas ajustadas se analizó con el programa joinpoint para 1991-2001. Resultados: El análisis joinpoint reveló una tendencia de reducción estadísticamente significativa, con un porcentaje anual de cambio del -5,3% (intervalo de confianza del 95%: -8,7 a -1,8). Conclusión: La incidencia de los cánceres de glándulas salivales mayores en España ha sido baja y se ha identificado una tendencia a la reducción entre 1991 y 2001.

Objective: To analyze the trend in the incidence rates of major salivary gland cancer in population-based cancer registries in Spain. Methods: The following Spanish cancer registries with a minimum follow-up period of 10 years were selected: Albacete, Asturias, Granada, Murcia, Navarre, Tarragona and Zaragoza. Adjusted incidence rates were calculated. Joinpoint software was utilized to calculate change estimations in incidence rates for the period 1991-2001. Results: Joinpoint analysis revealed a statistically significant decreasing trend with an annual percent change of -5.3% (95% CI: -8.7 to -1.8). Conclusion: The incidence of major salivary gland cancers in Spain was low and a decreasing trend was identified between 1991 and 2001.

Objetivo: Analizar la evolución de las tasas de incidencia de los cánceres de glándulas salivales mayores en los Registros de Cáncer de Base Poblacional españoles. Métodos: Se seleccionaron los registros con un mínimo de 10 años de seguimiento: Albacete, Asturias, Granada, Murcia, Navarra, Tarragona y Zaragoza. Se calcularon las tasas de incidencia ajustadas a la población española a mitad del periodo. La tendencia de las tasas ajustadas se analizó con el programa joinpoint para 1991-2001. Resultados: El análisis joinpoint reveló una tendencia de reducción estadísticamente significativa, con un porcentaje anual de cambio del -5,3% (intervalo de confianza del 95%: -8,7 a -1,8). Conclusión: La incidencia de los cánceres de glándulas salivales mayores en España ha sido baja y se ha identificado una tendencia a la reducción entre 1991 y 2001.