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au:Benitez, Antonio

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Is Iron Overload Associated with Worse Outcomes in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease Undergoing Liver Transplantation?
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Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Sergio

; Olivas-Martinez, Antonio

; Delgado-de la Mora, Jesus

; Martinez-Benitez, Braulio

; Garcia-Juarez, Ignacio

; Demichelis-Gomez, Roberta

Revista de investigación clínica

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feb 2024, Volume 76 N. 1 Pages 18 - 28

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: Iron overload is frequent in patients with chronic liver disease, associated with shorter survival after liver transplantation in patients with hereditary hemochromatosis. Its effect on patients without hereditary hemochromatosis is unclear. The aim of the study was to study the clinical impact of iron overload in patients who underwent liver transplantation at an academic tertiary referral center. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study including all patients without hereditary hemochromatosis who underwent liver transplantation from 2015 to 2017 at an academic tertiary referral center in Mexico City. Explant liver biopsies were reprocessed to obtain the histochemical hepatic iron index, considering a score ≥ 0.15 as iron overload. Baseline characteristics were compared between patients with and without iron overload. Survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, compared with the log-rank test and the Cox proportional hazards model. Results: Of 105 patients included, 45% had iron overload. Viral and metabolic etiologies, alcohol consumption, and obesity were more frequent in patients with iron overload than in those without iron overload (43% vs. 21%, 32% vs. 22%, p = 0.011; 34% vs. 9%, p = 0.001; and 32% vs. 12%, p = 0.013, respectively). Eight patients died within 90 days after liver transplantation (one with iron overload). Complication rate was higher in patients with iron overload versus those without iron overload (223 vs. 93 events/100 person-months; median time to any complication of 2 vs. 3 days, p = 0.043), without differences in complication type. Fatality rate was lower in patients with iron overload versus those without iron overload (0.7 vs. 4.5 deaths/100 person-months, p = 0.055). Conclusion: Detecting iron overload might identify patients at risk of early complications after liver transplantation. Further studies are required to understand the role of iron overload in survival.

https://doi.org/10.24875/ric.23000246

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the oncology services demand in a middle-income setting with universal health insurance
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Zuluaga Patiño, María

; Luna Benitez, María Camila

; Jurado Sanabria, Natalie

; Soto-Cala, Beatriz

; Solano Vega, Julio Cesar

; Sánchez Forero, Ricardo Antonio

; Murillo, Raúl

Colombia Médica

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mar 2022, Volume 53 N. 1 elocation e2065115

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Objetivo: Analizar el impacto de la pandemia de COVID-19 sobre la demanda de servicios oncológicos. Metodos: Se recolectaron datos de enero 1/2017 hasta diciembre 31/2021 de consulta de primera vez en servicios transversales (oncología clinica, hematología, cuidados paliativos, oncología radioterápica) y servicios especializados multidisciplinarios (mama, próstata, pulmón, estómago), así como de suministro de tratamiento (terapia sistémica ambulatoria y hospitalaria, radioterapia, cirugía oncológica, trasplante de médula ósea), en un centro de referencia en Bogotá-Colombia. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de series de tiempo estimando el cambio porcentual mensual y los canales endémicos. Resultados: Al inicio del confinamiento obligatorio (abril/2020) hubo una disminución general en la demanda de servicios transversales (R: -14.9% a -90.0%), con nuevo descenso de menor grado en agosto/2020 durante la primera ola de infecciones (R: -11.3% a -70.0%). Las consultas de seguimiento y tratamientos ambulatorios no mostraron reducciones consistentes. Exceptuando oncología clínica, las consultas de primera vez para servicios transversales tuvieron rápida recuperación hasta cifras basales (1 mes), pero las unidades especializadas y los tratamientos intrahospitalarios tuvieron recuperación mas lenta. Únicamente los cánceres de mama y estómago mostraron una reduccion sostenida de estadios tempranos de la enfermedad. La reducción de la demanda fue mas marcada en mujeres y adultos mayores. Conclusión: A pesar de no tener cambios en la oferta, el confinamiento indujo una reducción significativa en la demanda de servicios oncológicos con variación diferencial por tipo de cáncer, servicio y características demográficas de la población. Esto merece consideración especial para generar respuestas adecuadas a las emergencias sanitarias. La rápida recuperación de la demanda y la ausencia de caídas en olas de infección subsiguientes sugieren resiliencia de los pacientes e impacto menor del esperado en países con cobertura de salud universal.

Abstract Aim: We analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on oncology service demand in a middle-income country with universal health coverage. Methods: We collected data from January 1st-2017 to December 31th-2021 at a reference center in Bogotá-Colombia regarding first-time consultations of cross-cutting services (clinical oncology, hematology, palliative care, radiation oncology); specialized multidisciplinary units (breast, prostate, lung, stomach); inpatient and outpatient systemic therapy; radiotherapy; oncology surgery; and bone marrow transplant. A descriptive time series analysis was performed, estimating monthly percent change and endemic channels. Results: Starting the confinement (April 2020), a general decrease in service demand was observed (R: -14.9% to -90.0%), with an additional but lower decrease in August 2020 coinciding with the first pandemic wave (R: -11.3% to -70.0%). Follow-up visits and ambulatory treatment showed no consistent reductions. New patients’ consultations for cross-cutting services had a speedy recovery (1 month), but clinical oncology, specialized units, and in-hospital treatment resumed more slowly. Only breast and stomach cancer showed a sustained reduction in early-stage disease. Women and older patients had a more significant reductionin service demand. Conclusion: Despite no changes in service supply, the confinement induced a significant reduction in service demand. Variations by cancer type, service type, and population demographics deserve careful consideration for a suitable response to the emergency. The speedy recovery and the absence of a significant decrease during subsequent waves of the pandemic suggest patient resiliency and a lower impact than expected in middle-income settings in the presence of universal health insurance.

https://doi.org/10.25100/cm.v53i1.5115

Sistema de aplicaciones interactivas: José Martí y las ciencias médicas
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Suárez Benitez, Yunnier

; Frías Pérez, Annalie Elizabeth

; González Leyva, Antonio de Jesús

; Leyva García, Gloria Estrella

; Blanco Rivero, Yenisel

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2022, Volume 14 elocation e2201

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Background: José Martí, National Hero of Cuba, considered that medicine was like law, a fighting profession, and that a well-tempered soul was needed to carry out this priesthood successfully. Objective: to design a system of interactive applications for the second year of Medicine with a view to deepening the relationship that José Martí had with medical sciences. Methods: a development research was carried out from September to December 2018 at the Faculty of Medical Sciences of Bayamo, Cuba. Theoretical and empirical methods were used: documentary review and student questionnaire. Results: an effective tool for knowledge about José Martí and his relationship with medical sciences was created; Before applying the system, most of the students in the control group reflected a low level of knowledge and little motivation on this subject; a result that was reversed after applying it, when most of the students in the experimental group achieved good grades and felt motivated by this topic. Conclusions: the system of interactive applications on aspects related to José Martí and medicine obtained very positive evaluations by the experts and influenced the increase of knowledge and motivation in the students, who showed an excellent acceptance for this technological innovation.

RESUMEN Fundamento: José Martí, Héroe Nacional de Cuba, consideraba que la medicina era como el derecho, profesión de lucha, y que se necesitaba un alma bien templada para desempeñar con éxito ese sacerdocio. Objetivo: diseñar un sistema de aplicaciones interactivas para segundo año de la carrera de Medicina con vistas a profundizar en la relación que tuvo José Martí con las ciencias médicas. Métodos: se realizó una investigación de desarrollo en el periodo septiembre-diciembre de 2018 en la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Bayamo, Cuba. Se utilizaron métodos teóricos y empíricos: revisión documental y cuestionario a estudiantes. Resultados: se confeccionó una herramienta efectiva para el conocimiento sobre José Martí y su relación con las ciencias médicas; antes de aplicar el sistema, la mayoría de los estudiantes del grupo control reflejaron un bajo nivel de conocimientos y poca motivación sobre esta temática; resultado que fue revertido después de aplicarlo, cuando la mayoría de los alumnos del grupo experimental alcanzó buenas calificaciones y se sintieron motivados por este tema. Conclusiones: el sistema de aplicaciones interactivas sobre los aspectos relacionados con José Martí y la medicina obtuvo valoraciones muy positivas por los expertos e influyó en el incremento del conocimiento y la motivación en los estudiantes, quienes mostraron una aceptación excelente por esta innovación tecnológica.

Optimización del proceso de obtención de un adsorbente natural a partir de corteza de pino
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Cuetocue-Petins, Marlon Manuel

; Sarria-Villa, Rodrigo Andrés

; Gallo-Corredor, José Antonio

; Benítez-Benitez, Ricardo

Revista ION

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dec 2020, Volume 33 N. 2 Pages 61 - 70

Abstract: Es En Pt | Text: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Resumen Se han extraído los taninos presentes en la corteza de Pinus patula para desarrollar un adsorbente mediante una reacción de reticulación, que se da entre los grupos fenólicos debido al tratamiento con ácido sulfúrico, que es ampliamente utilizado como agente reticulante de grupos polifenólicos presentes en los taninos. En el presente estudio, el diseño de Box-Behnken se usó para maximizar el rendimiento de la reacción de reticulación y, por lo tanto, obtener las mejores propiedades mecánicas del adsorbente preparado. La variable de respuesta estudiada fue el rendimiento porcentual de la reacción, y las variables independientes evaluadas en el diseño Box-Behnken incluyeron, relación Sólido/Líquido (gramos de tanino/mL de H2 SO4 ) (0,2-0,5 g.mL-1), temperatura (75-95 °C) y tiempo (8-12 h). El modelo estadístico permitió estimar un rendimiento porcentual óptimo del 73,81%, que se obtiene con una relación S/L de 0,499 gmL-1, temperatura de 95 °C y tiempo de reacción de 10,45 h. La modificación de los grupos funcionales superficiales de los taninos fue establecida por medio de los espectros IR. El adsorbente presentó un área superficial BET de 4,17 m2 g-1.

Abstract The tannins present in the bark of Pinus patula have been extracted to develop an adsorbent through a crosslinking reaction, which occurs between the phenolic groups due to treatment with sulfuric acid, which is used as a crosslinking agent for polyphenolic groups present in the tannins. In the present study, the Box-Behnken design is used to maximize the performance of the crosslinking reaction and, therefore, to obtain the best mechanical properties of the prepared adsorbent. The response variable studied was the percentage yield of the reaction, and the independent variables evaluated in the Box-Behnken design included, Solid/Liquid ratio (grams of tannin/mL of H2 SO4 ) (0.2-0.5 gmL-1), temperature (75-95 °C) and time (8-12 h). The verified statistical model estimates an optimal percentage yield of 73.81%, it is obtained with an S/L ratio of 0.499 gmL-1, temperature of 95 °C and reaction time of 10.45 h. The modification of the surface functional groups of the tannins was established by means of the IR spectra. The adsorbent had a BET surface area of 4.17 m2 g-1.

Resumo Os taninos presentes na casca de Pinus patula foram extraídos para desenvolver um adsorvente através de uma reação de reticulação, que ocorre entre os grupos fenólicos devido ao tratamento com ácido sulfúrico, usado como agente de reticulação para grupos polifenólicos presentes nos taninos. No presente estudo, o projeto Box-Behnken é utilizado para maximizar o desempenho da reação de reticulação e, portanto, para obter as melhores propriedades mecânicas do adsorvente preparado. A variável resposta estudada foi a porcentagem de rendimento da reação e as variáveis independentes avaliadas no projeto Box-Behnken incluíram a relação Sólido/Líquido (gramas de tanino/mL de H2 SO4 ) (0,2-0,5 gmL-1), temperatura (75-95 °C) e tempo (8-12 h). O modelo estatístico verificado estima um rendimento percentual ideal de 73,81%, é obtido com uma relação S/L de 0,491 gmL-1, temperatura de 95°C e tempo de reação de 10,45h. A modificação dos grupos funcionais da superfície dos taninos foi estabelecida por meio dos espectros de IR. O adsorvente tinha uma área de superfície BET de 4,17 m2 g-1.

https://doi.org/10.18273/revion.v33n2-2020005 40 downloads

Straw removal of sugarcane from soil and its impacts on yield and industrial quality ratoons
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Aquino, Gisele Silva de

; Medina, Cristiane de Conti

; Silvestre, Danilo Augusto

; Gomes, Emerson Crivelaro

; Cunha, Ana Carolina Benitez

; Kussaba, Deise Akemi Omori

; Almeida, Luis Fernando

; Shahab, Muhammad

; Santiago, Antonio Dias

Scientia Agricola

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dec 2018, Volume 75 N. 6 Pages 526 - 529

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT: Mechanical harvesting leaves in its wake a considerable amount of straw in the field, which can be effectively utilized to improve the soil condition and sugarcane yield. However, there is no specific information as to the quantity of straw mulch required to achieve such effects and as to whether it can be used in other sectors for bioelectricity and ethanol production. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of removing different amounts of straw from the field and its impact on the yield and industrial quality of sugarcane ratoons. The experiment was carried out on Rhodic soil where six treatments were evaluated including 0 %, 25 % (5 Mg ha−1), 50 % (10 Mg ha−1), 75 % (15 Mg ha−1), 100 % (20 Mg ha−1) straw on the soil surface and burned sugarcane (where 100 % of the straw was burned). The influence on yield and industrial quality was calculated using total soluble solids, Pol (Apparent sucrose content), apparent purity, total sugars, reducing sugars and fiber. Shifting the harvesting system from burned cane to growing under straw mulch improved crop yield as well as favoring sugar contents during water deficit conditions. The straw left on the soil did not affect industrial quality in any way during the trials; however, under drought conditions, treatments with 50 and 75 % of straw resulted in a 76 % higher yield compared to burned sugarcane, and 29 % more than the 0 %, 25 % to 100 % treatments of straw mulch thus favoring higher sugar production. The removal of 50 % of the straw caused no damage to the sugarcane crop.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-992x-2017-0093 1603 downloads

Bacteriemias por Staphylococcus aureus adquirida en la comunidad: comportamiento clínico y severidad en niños
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Araya, Soraya

; Troche, Avelina

; Benitez, Rocio

; Amarilla, Sara

; Sanabria, Gabrieña

; Ojeda, Limpia

; Cubas, Sandra

; Zarate, Claudia

; Irala, Juan

; Apocada, Silvio

; Arbo, Antonio

Pediatría (Asunción)

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dec 2018, Volume 45 N. 3 Pages 201 - 205

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Introduction: Bacteremia due to Staphylococcus aureus (SA) is one of the most serious infections in the pediatric population. Objectives: To evaluate the epidemiological, clinical and laboratory characteristics of children with bacteremia due to SA acquired in the community (SAAC) and to identify risk factors associated with mortality. Materials and methods: This was a retrospective study in which patients (pts) ≤16 years, hospitalized between 2010-2018, with dx of bacteremia by SAAC were included. Clinical and laboratory data were entered into an Excel database and formatted for analysis. Results: We identified 117 pts with an average age of 56 + 53 months, of which 81 were ≤5 years. Bacteremia was associated mainly with pneumonia (47% of the cases), presenting with shock in 38% and admission to the ICU in 40% of the pts. In 27% (32/117) the bacteremia was caused by MRSA. Age <5 years (p = 0.0001), presence of shock (p = 0001), hospitalization in the ICU (p = 0.002, OR 3.58, 95% CI 1.5-8.3) and mortality (p = 0.03, OR 2.65, 95% CI 1.05-6.7) were associated with MRSA infection. The mortality in this series was 21% (25/117). The presence of comorbidities (p = 0.006, OR3.66, 95% CI 1.4-92), shock (p = 0.0001, OR 87.6, 95% CI 11.5-687.7), multiple infectious foci (p = 0.007, OR3.46, 95% CI 1.3-8.9), MRSA isolation (p = 0.03, OR 2.65, 95% CI 1.1-6.7), and thrombocytopenia <100 000 / mm3 (p = 0.0001, OR 25.3, 95% CI 5-128) were associated with mortality. Conclusions: This study shows the severity of SA bacteremia. Methicillin resistance, comorbidities, the presence of multiple infectious foci and shock were identified as factors associated with mortality.

RESUMEN Introducción: La bacteriemia por Staphylococcus aureus (SA) constituye una de las más graves infecciones de la edad pediátrica. Objetivos: Evaluar las características epidemiológicas, clínicas y laboratoriales de niños con bacteriemias por SA adquiridas en la comunidad (SAAC), identificar factores de riesgos asociados a mortalidad. Materiales y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo en el que se incluyeron pacientes (pts) de ≤16 años, hospitalizados entre 2010-2018, con dx de bacteriemias por SAAC. Los datos clínicos y laboratoriales fueron introducidos en una base de datos de Excel y formateados para análisis. Resultados: Se identificaron 117 pts con una edad media de 56+53 meses, de los cuales 81 fueron≤ 5 años. La bacteriemia se asoció principalmente a neumonía (47% de los casos), presentando choque el 38% e ingreso a UCI el 40% de los pts. En el 27% (32/117) la bacteriemia fue por SAMR. La edad <5 años (p=0.0001), presencia de choque (p=0001), hospitalización en UCI (p=0.002, OR 3.58, IC95% 1.5-8.3) y la mortalidad (p=0.03, OR 2.65, IC95% 1.05-6.7) se asociaron a infección por SAMR. La mortalidad de esta serie fue del 21 % (25/117). La presencia de comorbilidad (p=0.006, OR3.66, IC95% 1.4-92), choque (p=0.0001, OR 87.6, IC 95% 11.5-687.7), focos múltiples infecciosos (p=0.007,OR3.46, IC 95% 1.3-8.9), aislamiento de SAMR (p=0.03, OR 2.65,IC 95% 1.1-6.7), y trombocitopenia <100 000/mm3 (p= 0.0001, OR 25.3, IC 95% 5-128) se asociaron a mortalidad. Conclusiones: El presente estudio muestra la severidad de la bacteriemia por SA. La resistencia a meticilina, la comorbilidad, la presencia de focos múltiples y choque se identificaron como factores asociados a mortalidad.

https://doi.org/10.31698/ped.45032018002 437 downloads

Factores pronósticos de mortalidad en niños con bacteriemias adquiridas en la comunidad (BAC) hospitalizados en un centro de referencia del Paraguay
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Araya, Soraya

; Troche, Avelina

; Amarilla, Sara

; Sanabria, Gabriela

; Zarate, Claudia

; Galeano, Fernando

; Benitez, Rocío

; López, Sandra

; Irala, Juan

; Apodaca, Silvio

; Arbo, Antonio

Pediatría (Asunción)

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apr 2018, Volume 45 N. 1 Pages 17 - 24

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the etiology of ABC and prognostic factors of mortality. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of ABC in patients aged 29 days to 16 years who were hospitalized at a Tertiary Medical Center in Paraguay, during the period from 2007 to 2015. We analyzed demographic, clinical and laboratory variables, categorizing the patients according to the outcome (Survival or Death). Results: We identified 187 cases of ABC, with an average age of 40 + 35 months, M / F ratio of 1.4: 1, age <1 year: 30.5% (57/187), 1 to 4 years 49.2% (92/187), 5 to 10 years 15.5% (29/187) and> 10 years 4.8% (9/187). The admission diagnoses were: Pneumonia (78%), Skin and Soft Tissue Infection (9%), Multiple Source Infection (7%), Meningitis (3.7%) and Bacteremia without a source 2%. Gram-positive bacteremia was more frequent than gram-negative bacteremia, 91.4 vs. 8.6% (p <0.05), isolates were: S.pneumoniae, S.aureus, S.coagulase negative (2/2) and K. pneumoniae (46%, 34%, 7.5% and 2%, respectively). 63 patients (33.7%) were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), the mortality rate was 16.5%. Variables associated with mortality were: Age <5 years (p<0.05), Malnutrition (p = 0.02, RR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.1-5), infection with multiple sources (p = 0.002, RR = 3.2, 95% CI: 1.6-6.4) ), Shock (p <0.001, RR = 19, 95%: 7.8-46), Glasgow coma scale score <12 (p <0.001, RR = 5.5, 95% 95% CI: 3.2-9.6), O2 Sat <94 % (p = 0.007, RR 2, 95% CI: 1.1-4), Hb <7 (p <0.01, RR: 11, 95% CI: 6.8 to 19), White Blood Cell count > 15000, platelets <100 000 (p<0.001, RR = 4.4, 95% CI: 2.4-7.8), Gram-positive bacteremia (p= 0.001, RR = 4.9, 95% CI: 1.5-15). Conclusions: Gram-positive bacteremia is more frequent in children with ABC. Prognostic factors of mortality were identified.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar etiologìa de BAC y factores pronósticos de mortalidad. Material y Método: Estudio retrospectivo de BAC en pacientes de 29 días a 16 años hospitalizados en un Centro de Referencia del Paraguay, periodo 2007 a 2015, se analizaron variables demográficas, clínicas y laboratoriales categorizando a los pacientes según el desenlace (Vivos o Muertos). Resultados: 187 casos de BAC , edad media 40 + 35 meses, M/F 1,4:1, edad < 1 año: 30,5% (57/187), 1 a 4 años 49,2% (92/187), 5 a 10 años 15,5% (29/187) y > 10 años 4,8 % (9/187). Diagnósticos de ingreso: Neumonía (78%), Infección de Piel y Partes Blandas (9%), Infección a Múltiples focos (7%), Meningitis (3,7%) Bacteriemia sin foco 2%. Las bacteriemias por Gram Positivos fueron más frecuentes que las bacteriemias por Gram Negativos: 91,4 vs 8,6% (p<0,05), aislamientos: S.pneumoniae, S.aureus, S.coagulasa negativo (2/2) y K. pneumoniae (46 %, 34%, 7,5% y 2%). Ingresaron a UCI 63 pacientes (33,7%), mortalidad 16,5 %. Variables asociadas a mortalidad: Edad <5 años (p<0,05), Desnutrición (p=0,02, RR= 2,4, IC95%: 1,1-5), Infección a múltiples focos(p=0,002, RR=3,2, IC 95%: 1,6-6,4), Choque p<0,001, RR19, IC95%:7,8-46), Glasgow <12 (p<0,001, RR=5,5, IC 95%:3,2-9,6), Sat O2 < 94% (p=0,007, RR 2, IC95%: 1,1-4) , Hb< 7 (p<0,01, RR: 11, IC95%: 6,8 a 19), GB > 15000, plaquetas < 100000 (p<0,001, RR=4,4, IC95%: 2,4- 7,8), Bacteriemia por Gram Positivos (p=0,001, RR=4,9, IC 95%: 1,5-15). Conclusión: En niños con BAC son más frecuentes las bacteriemias por Gram positivos. Se identificaron factores pronósticos de mortalidad.

https://doi.org/10.31698/ped.45012018003 362 downloads

Cobertura Universal de Servicios Diagnósticos a través de la Telemedicina
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Galván, Pedro

; Velazquez, Miguel

; Benitez, Gualberto

; Barrios, Antonio

; Ortellado, José

; Arbo, Carlos

; Britez, Jorge

; Hilario, Enrique

Revista de salud publica del Paraguay

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dec 2017, Volume 7 N. 2 Pages 37 - 43

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Through the telemedicine, advantageous telediagnostic systems can be developed to improve the health care of remote populations that don`t have access to specialists. This study was carried out by the Telemedicine Unit of the Ministry of Public Health and Social Welfare (MSPBS) in collaboration with the Department of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging of the Health Science Research Institute (IICS-UNA) and the University of the Basque Country (UPV / EHU) to evaluate the utility of a telediagnostic system for universal coverage in public health. For this purpose, the results obtained by the telediagnosis system implemented in 56 MSPBS hospitals were analyzed. In that sense, 293,142 remote diagnoses were performed between January 2014 and September 2017. Of the total, 37.29% (109,311) corresponded to tomography studies, 61.44% (180.108) to electrocardiography (ECG), 1.26% (3,704) to electroencephalography (EEG) and 0.01% (19) to ultrasound. There were no significant differences between the remote and the “face to face” diagnosis. With the remote diagnosis a reduction of the cost was obtained, that supposes an important benefit for each citizen of the interior of the country. The results show that the telemedicine can contribute to improve significantly the universal coverage of diagnostic services and health programs, maximizing professional time and productivity, increasing access and equity, and reducing costs. However, before carrying out its systematic implementation, a contextualization with the regional epidemiological profile must be performed.

RESUMEN Con la Telemedicina pueden desarrollarse sistemas de telediagnóstico ventajosos para mejorar la atención de la salud de poblaciones remotas que no tienen acceso a especialistas. Este estudio realizado por la Unidad de Telemedicina del Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social (MSPBS) en colaboración con el Dpto. de Ingeniería Biomédica e Imágenes del Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias (IICS-UNA) y la Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU) sirvió para evaluar la utilidad de un sistema de telediagnóstico para la cobertura universal en la salud pública. Para el efecto se analizaron los resultados obtenidos por el sistema de telediagnóstico implementado en 56 hospitales del MSPBS. En dicho sentido se analizaron 293.142 diagnósticos remotos realizados entre enero del 2014 y septiembre de 2017. Del total, el 37,29 % (109.311) correspondieron a estudios de tomografía, 61,44 % (180.108) a electrocardiografía (ECG), 1,26 % (3.704) a electroencefalografía (EEG) y 0,01 % (19) a ecografía. No se observaron diferencias significativas entre el diagnóstico remoto y el diagnóstico “cara a cara”. Con el diagnostico remoto se logró una reducción del coste que supone un beneficio importante para cada ciudadano del interior del país. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian que la telemedicina puede contribuir para mejorar significativamente la cobertura universal de los servicios diagnósticos y programas de salud, maximizando el tiempo del profesional y su productividad, aumentando el acceso y la equidad, y disminuyendo los costos. Sin embargo antes de realizar su implementación sistemática se deberá realizar una contextualización con el perfil epidemiológico regional.

https://doi.org/10.18004/rspp.2017.diciembre.37-43 368 downloads

Branching Path Planning with Modal Logics
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Bárcenas, Everardo

; Benítez-Guerrero, Edgard

; Benitez, Antonio

; Calleja, Jorge de la

; Medina, Ma. Auxilio

Computación y Sistemas

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sep 2017, Volume 21 N. 3 Pages 407 - 418

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract: Path planning concerns about finding a route for an agent, such that this agent move along the route from an initial to a final goal. Some additional constraints may also have to be satisfied for the agent, such as avoiding obstacles or collisions. Path planning has been recently studied in the context of linear temporal logic with great success. Expressive constraint specifications involving temporal ordering can be succinctly expressed by logic formulas, whereas environments are abstracted as transition systems. The plan is obtained by counterexample generation in a model checking tool: finding a path, if any, such that a given formula (constraints) satisfies a given model (agent environment). Due to the expressive power of linear temporal logic, only linear planning has mostly been considered so far, that is, plans corresponding to tasks to be performed in a linear successive order. In this work, we study branching shaped (tree) plans in the context of the µ-calculus, an expressive modal logic which subsumes many program logics such as LTL, PDL and CTL. Branching plans can be succinctly expressed by logic formulas so that a team of mobile devices can concurrently satisfy the plan. In the current work, we provide a plan generator based on a model checking algorithm for the µ-calculus. We show the algorithm is sound and complete, that is, for any environment, there a satisfying plan for a given set of constraints, if and only if, the plan generator succeeds.

https://doi.org/10.13053/cys-21-3-2444 467 downloads

10.

Trabajos de investigación presentados en el XLIX Congreso Mexicano de Anestesiología: Zacatecas 2015. México
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Sánchez, Claudia

; Osorio-Santiago, María Arelí

; Medina-Tarango, Marco Antonio

; Fernandez De Lara, Alfredo

; Castro-Salinas, Jose Ernesto

; Salazar-Luna, Miguel Angel

; Sanchez, Placido

; Castro-Cayetano, José Esteban

; Millán Hernández, Manuel

; Almonte, Hector Asencion

; Zamora-Aguirre, Salvador A.

; Gudiño, Yocelin Montserrat

; Reyes-Valle, Roberto

; Zepeda-Olivera, Silvia

; Ferretiz-López, Giancarlo

; Salgado, Mónica

; Moctezuma-Ramírez, Luis

; Hernández-Ortiz, Israel Ivan

; Hernández-Zenteno, Norma Angelica

; Martinez, Raquel

; Sánchez-Hernández, Eloy

; Camacho-Gómez, Aldo Constantino

; Martinez, Raquel

; Chenge-Said, Jarumi

; Flores Fonseca, Elvia

; López-Centeno, Martha Alicia

; López, Angélica Yanine

; Jiménez-Ramos, Adriana

; Velasco-Sordo, Luis Ramón

; Hurtado-Reyes, Ignacio Carlos

; Castellanos, Antonio

; Rojas-Peñaloza, Janeth

; Zapién-Madrigal, Jesús Miguel

; Sánchez, Placido

; Sánchez-López, Eric Mauricio

; Mendoza- García, María Isabel

; Calzada-Grijalba, José Francisco

; Hernandez, Israel Ivan

; Castellanos De León, Edgar

; Luna Medina, Cinthya Isabel

; Alvarez-Mora, Lucy Andrea

; López, Angélica Yanine

; Jiménez-Ramos, Adriana

; Velasco-Sordo, Luis Ramón

; Hurtado-Reyes, Ignacio Carlos

; Diaz, Erica Raquel

; Hernandez-Gutierrez, Deoselina

; Gargiulo, Paul Raphael

; Barragán, Maria Jimena

; Ham Mancilla, Ofelia

; Zamora- Gutiérrez, Ana Lilia

; Arteaga, Jaime

; Hernández-Gutierrez, Deoselina

; Ríos-Navarro, Ramón Alejandro

; Romo-Serrano, Erika

; Castellanos, Antonio

; Zapién-Madrigal, Jesús Miguel

; Rojas- Peñaloza, Janeth

; Garduño, Araceli Marselle

; Flores-Rodriguez, Alfonso de Jesus

; Cuervo-Ggonzalez, Alma Kenia

; Puente-Solorio, Armando

; Benitez-Rebollar, Joel Enrique

; Gaona-Valle, Laura Soraya

; Jaime, Mayra Alicia

; Ortega-Suarez, Lizbeth

; Barrientos-Quintanilla, Luis Alberto

; Alvarado-Ramos, Salomon

; Moya-Morales, Yuliana

; Ferretiz, Giancarlo

; César, Julio

; Yañez, Pablo

; Reyes-Valle, Roberto

; Colores-Velazquez, Julio César

; Luna, Arístides De Jesús

; Almonte, Hector Asencion

; Márquez-Noyola, Elizabeth Alicia

; Castellanos, Antonio

; Barrera, Lorena

; Cabrera-Sánchez, Miroslava

; Fernanández-Muñoz, Angel Fernando

; Rolón-Sánchez, Yumara Georgina

; Barragán-Hernández, Adriana Guadalupe

; Lòpez, Estefania

; Osorio-Santiago, Maria Areli

; Muñoz, Beatriz Adelaida

; Cruz-Bautista, Mayra Ivette De La

; Ripoll-Aburto, Carlos Andres

; Ortiz-Maldonado, Jessie Karolina

; Hernández-Rasgado, Javier

; Cuj-Díaz, Alberto

; Sanchez, Placido

; Sarmiento, Lina

; Peña-Olvera, Silvia

; Santiago-Poot, Nohemí

; López, Angélica Yanine

; Jiménez-Ramos, Adriana

; Hurtado-Reyes, Ignacio Carlos

; Ferretiz, Giancarlo

; Pablo-Yañez, Julio César

; Flores-Martinez, Juan Ramón

; Chavez-Contreras, Sara Idali

; Gudiño-Larios, Yocelin Montserrat

; Velazquez, Sara

; Vences-Perez, Noemi Dolores

; Ayala-Bermudez, Celina Alejandra

; Garcia-Castro, Marco Tulio

; Gordillo-Parra, Alejandra

; Barrera, Lorena

; Cabrera-Sánchez, Miroslava

; Martínez-García, Claudia Lizeth

; Zuñiga-Iñiguez, Paloma

; Anaya-Romo, Eduardo

; Antelo-Corral, Jaqueline

; Ramos, Perla Del Carmen

; Hernández-Rasgado, Javier

; Cuj-Díaz, Alberto

; Fonz-Murillo, Elma Patricia

; Cruz-Bautista, Mayra Ivette De la

; Ripoll-Aburto, Carlos Andres

; Cruz, Mayra Ivette De La

; Cuj-Díaz, Alberto

; Hernández-Rasgado, Javier

; Vega-Cano, Miguel

; Ramos-Rodríguez, Perla del Carmen

; Muñoz-Hernández, Beatriz Adelaida

; Caceres, Leonardo Andres

; Arteaga-Favela, Claudia Berenice

; Nava-Osorio, Alejandro

; Arce-Bojorquez, Brisceyda

; Urias, Emma

; Rosario-Ayala, Yuridia Del

; Salazar-Castro, Laura Elena

; Nieblas-Torres, Mariela Lizet

; Arce-Bojorquez, Brisceyda

; Prince-Angulo, Silvia Annel

; Espinoza-Quintero, Erendira

; Alzate, Ana Lizette

; Camacho, Jesus Erick

; Aviles-Lozoya, Jose Trinidad

; Urias, Emma

; Espinoza-Quintero, Erendira

; Castellanos, Antonio

; Cruz, Nora Cecilia

; Rendón-Salazar, Dafne Denisse

; González-Cordero, Gustavo

; Garduño-Chávez, Belia Inés

; Orozco, Arturo Emmanuel

; Guerrero-Morales, Fernando

; Gonzalez-Ortiz, Julio Cesar

; Casillas-Cruz, Angel Alberto

; Aquino-Tamayo, Blanca Olga

; Estrada, Haydeé Lucía

; Soberanes-Alderete, Francisco Javier

; Ojeda-Ramos, Joel

; Martinez-Flores, Carlos

; Sandoval-Rivera, Arturo Guadalupe

; Cáceres-Figeroa, Leonardo Andres

; Ortega, Columba

; Torres-Mata, Lizbeth Yareli

; Peña-Olvera, Silvia

; Huerta, Juana Geraldine

; Sarmiento-Kamar, Rodrigo Ignacio

; Espinoza, Erendira

; Gerardo-Angulo, Alma Ruth

; Nieblas-Torres, Mariela Lizet

; Martinez-Felix, Jesus Israel

; Rochin-Parra, Julia Teresa

; Chavez, Veronica

; Buendía-Roque, Daniel

; Pinales-Aguilar, Guillermina

; Sandoval, Linda Alejandra

; Ovalle-Bueno, Claudia

; Armendáriz-Salinas, Jaime

; Valdovinos, Salvador

; Castellanos, Antonio

; Sandoval, Linda Alejandra

; Medina-Piqué, Sheila

; Aguilar, Hugo

; Barrera, Eduardo

; Márquez, Elizabeth Alicia

; León, Héctor Almonte De

; Castellanos, Antonio

; Rojas-Peñaloza, Janeth

; Zapién-Madrigal, Jesús Miguel

; Paez, Nancy

; Borquez-Torres, Samantha Anabel

; Chinchillas-Chinchillas, Yanira Zelene

; Silva-Romo, Luis Julian

; Aldana, Jorge Pablo

; Hernández-Gutiérrez, Deoselina

; Sánchez-Hernández, Eloy

; Castellanos, Antonio

; Coronel, Berta

; Fuentes-González, Nalleli del Carmen

; Mendoza-García, María Isabel

; Yañez, Gonzalo

; Contreras-Salomón, José Luis

; Garcia-Simbron, Emma

; Chable-Juárez, Randy Josue

; Manriquez-Merino, Ricardo

; Martinez, Raquel

; Chenge-Said, Jarumi

; Hernández Gutiérrez, Deoselina

; Sánchez, Placido

; Arrieta-Ruiz, Marelyn

; González-Velázquez, Felipe

; Estrada-Utrera, Sandra

; Castellanos, Antonio

; Meza, Oscar Eduardo

; Jimenez-Gonzalez, Adriana Guadalupe

; Pilar-Velazquez, Estefania

; Romo-Cortes, Ramona

; Torres-Soto, Maria de la Luz

; Estrada, Maria Sandra

; Espinoza, Cinthia Yadira

; Islas-Ruz, Felix Gilberto

; Perez-Diaz, Roberto

; Manuel-Serna, Roberto Aurelio

; Arce-Bojorquez, Brisceyda

; Medina-Lopez, Francisco de Jesus

; Nieblas-Torres, Mariela Lizet

; Espinoza-Quintero, Erendira

; Ayala-Camargo, Yuridia

; Guadarrama, Hugo

; Flores-Rodriguez, Alfonso de Jesus

; Benitez-Rebollar, Joel Enrique

; Cedillo-Hernandez, Carolina

; Acevedo-Corona, Arturo

; Gaona-Valle, Laura Soraya

; Morfin, Cecilia

; Flores Rodriguez, Alfonso de Jesus

; Cortes-Aceves, Hector Omar

; Rodríguez-Martínez, José Carlos

; Puente Solorio, Armando

; Gaona-Valle, Laura Soraya

; Reyes, Agustin

; Uscanga-Villa, Maria Nieves

; Molina-Rodriguez, Gloria

; Aquino-Tamayo, Blanca Olga

; Cabrera, Francisco

; Motta-Amezquita, Luis Gerardo

; Castellanos-Olivares, Antonio

; Joffre-Mora, Oscar Paul

; Moncada, Adriana Patricia

; Hernandez-Baez, Humberto Trinidad

; Cecilia, Nora

; Garduño-Chávez, Belia Inés

; González-Cordero, Gustavo

; Palacios-Ríos, Dionicio

Anestesia en México

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apr 2016, Volume 28 N. 1 Pages 46 - 96

Abstract: Es | Text: Es | PDF: Es

5425 downloads

11.

Sistema radicular e produtividade de soqueiras de cana-de-açúcar sob diferentes quantidades de palhada
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Aquino, Gisele Silva de

; Medina, Cristiane de Conti

; Porteira Junior, Aquilino Leonel

; Santos, Lucas Oliveira

; Cunha, Ana Carolina Benitez

; Kussaba, Deise Akemi Omori

; Santos Júnior, Jaime Higino dos

; Almeida, Luis Fernando

; Santiago, Antonio Dias

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira

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dec 2015, Volume 50 N. 12 Pages 1150 - 1159

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes quantidades de palhada sobre o sistema radicular e a produtividade da cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum officinarum), de primeira e segunda soqueiras, em Latossolo Vermelho eutroférrico. Seis tratamentos foram avaliados : 0, 5 (25%), 10 (50%), 15 (75%) e 20 Mg ha-1 (100%) de palhada e cana-queimada, na primeira e segunda soqueiras. Utilizou-se a cana-de-açúcar 'SP80-1816'. Avaliou-se a massa de raízes a 0,45 e 0,75 m de distância da linha de plantio, até 0,60 m de profundidade. Na primeira soqueira, os tratamentos com 50, 75 e 100% de palhada proporcionaram maior massa radicular até 0,20 m de profundidade, em comparação aos tratamentos cana-queimada, 0 e 5 Mg ha-1 (25%) de palhada. Os tratamentos com 50 e 75% de palhada proporcionaram produtividades 43% maiores do que a da cana-queimada (110 Mg ha-1). O tratamento com 10 Mg ha-1 (50%) foi suficiente para proporcionar aumento da massa radicular e da produtividade da cana-de-açúcar. O sistema radicular e a produtividade da cana-de-açúcar são favorecidos pela mudança do sistema de colheita de cana-queimada para o de cana sob palhada.

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different amounts of straw on the root system and productivity of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum), of first and second ratoons, in an Oxisol. Six treatments were evaluated: 0, 5 (25%), 10 (50%), 15 (75%), and 20 Mg ha-1 (100%) straw and burned sugarcane of the first and second ratoons. 'SP80-1816' sugarcane was used. Root mass at 0.45 and 0.75 m away from the row, and up to 0.60 m deep was evaluated. In the first ratoon, treatments with 50, 75 and 100% straw provided greater root mass up to 0.20-m depth, in comparison to treatments of burned sugarcane, and 0 and 5 Mg ha-1 (25%) straw. The treatments with 50 and 75% straw had 43% higher yields than burned sugarcane (110 Mg ha-1). The treatment with 10 Mg ha-1 straw (50%) was sufficient to provide increased root mass and productivity of sugarcane. The root system and the productivity of sugarcane are favored by the change of burned-sugarcane harvesting system to sugarcane under straw.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-204X2015001200004 3330 downloads

12.

Bipolar disorder and Premenstrual Syndrome or Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder comorbidity: a systematic review
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Cirillo, Patricia Carvalho

; Passos, Roberta Benitez Freitas

; Bevilaqua, Mario Cesar do Nascimento

; López, Jose Ramón Rodriguez Arras

; Nardi, Antônio Egidio

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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dec 2012, Volume 34 N. 4 Pages 467 - 479

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVO: Esse artigo tem como objetivo revisar a comorbidade entre a Síndrome Pré-Menstrual (SPM) ou Transtorno Disfórico Pré-Menstrual (TDPM) e o Transtorno Bipolar (TB), identificar as variáveis que exigem uma investigação mais aprofundada e lembrar os médicos que as mulheres necessitam de cuidados especiais para diagnóstico e tratamento. MÉTODO: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática de 1987 a fevereiro de 2012 através da base de dados Medline utilizando os seguintes descritores: (premenstrual syndrome OR premenstrual dysphoric disorder OR premenstrual) AND (bipolar OR mania OR manic). Dezessete artigos foram analisados. RESULTADOS: Pacientes com SPM ou TDPM possuem comorbidade com TB-II com maior frequência e vice-versa. Mulheres com SPM ou TDPM também possuem um risco aumentado apresentar TB-I. Além disso, as mulheres bipolares suscetíveis a mudanças hormonais cursam com sintomas mais graves, recaídas mais freqüentes e pior resposta terapêutica. CONCLUSÃO: Futuras investigações devem estabilizar os níveis hormonais com o uso contínuo de contraceptivos na tentativa de diminuir a gravidade dos sintomas. Além disso, psiquiatras devem observar os períodos menstruais e comparar a intensidade dos sintomas entre as fases folicular e lútea. Pacientes com SPM ou TDPM devem ser estudadas separadamente.

OBJECTIVE: This article aims to review the comorbidity of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) or premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) and bipolar disorder (BD), identify variables requiring further investigation and to remind physicians that special care is required for diagnosis and therapy. METHOD: A systematic review of articles published from 1987 to February 2012 was conducted in the Medline database with the following terms: (premenstrual syndrome OR premenstrual dysphoric disorder OR premenstrual) AND (bipolar OR mania OR manic). Seventeen articles were analyzed. RESULTS: PMS and PMDD were most often comorbid among BD-II patients and vice versa. Moreover, patients with PMS or PMDD also have an increased risk of having BD-I. In addition, bipolar women susceptible to hormonal changes exhibit more severe symptoms, more frequent relapses and a worse therapeutic response. CONCLUSION: Future investigations should attempt to stabilize hormonal levels through the continuous use of contraceptives to target a reduction in symptom severity. In addition, psychiatrists should note menstrual period dates and compare symptom intensity between the luteal and follicular phases. Finally, PMS and PMDD patients should be studied separately.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbp.2012.04.010 11903 downloads

13.

Tolerância à salinidade avaliada em genótipos de arroz cultivados in vitro
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Benitez, Letícia Carvalho

; Peters, José Antonio

; Bacarin, Marcos Antonio

; Kopp, Maurício Marini

; Oliveira, Antonio Costa de

; Magalhães Junior, Ariano Martins de

; Braga, Eugenia Jacira Bolacel

Revista Ceres

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jun 2010, Volume 57 N. 3 Pages 330 - 337

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

As plantas em condições naturais estão expostas a vários estresses ambientais que afetam seu metabolismo. Dentre esses, a salinidade dos solos e da água de irrigação é um dos mais sérios problemas para a agricultura irrigada. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar, por meio de caracteres morfológicos, a variabilidade genética de 10 genótipos de arroz, cultivados in vitro, e agrupar esses genótipos para o caráter tolerância à salinidade. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por 10 genótipos e quatro concentrações de NaCl (0, 4, 8 e 12 mg L-1) acrescidas ao meio de cultura MS. Após 21 dias, foram avaliados diversos caracteres morfológicos, para os quais foram realizados cálculos percentuais de desempenho relativo (aumento ou redução), considerando-se o valor absoluto do tratamento-controle (0 mg L-1). Todos os caracteres mensurados tiveram seu desenvolvimento reduzido em substrato salino, sendo os correspondentes à biomassa média da parte aérea e do sistema radicular os mais sensíveis ao NaCl. Observou-se dissimilaridade entre os genótipos estudados para tolerância à salinidade, verificada pela formação de três grupos distintos pelo método hierárquico UPGMA e dois grupos pelo método de Tocher, sendo o genótipo BRS Bojuru o mais tolerante e BRS "7" Taim e BRS Ligeirinho os mais sensíveis à salinidade.

Plants under natural conditions are exposed to several environmental stresses which affect their metabolism. Among them, soil and irrigation water salinity is one of the most serious problems to irrigated agriculture. The aim of this work was to identify through morphologic characters, the genetic variability of 10 genotypes of rice cultivated in vitro, and classify these genotypes regarding salinity tolerance. The treatments were constituted by ten genotypes and four NaCl concentrations (0, 4, 8 and 12 mgL-1) added to MS culture medium. After 21 days, several morphological characters were evaluated, to which percentage calculations of relative performance (increase or reduction) were made, considering the absolute value of the control treatment (0mg L-1). All the measured characters had their development reduced in saline substrate. The most sensitive characters to NaCl concentration were mean biomass from the aerial parts and from the radicular system. Differences were observed among the genotypes studied regarding salinity tolerance. Three distinct groups were formed by the UPGMA hierarchical method and two groups by Tocher method, with BRS Bojuru genotype the most tolerant and BRS"7" Taim and BRS Ligeirinho the most sensitive to salinity.

2996 downloads Cited 2 times in SciELO

14.

Kimberlito Canastra-1 (São Roque de Minas, MG): geologia, mineralogia e reservas diamantíferas
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Chaves, Mario Luiz de Sá C.

; Brandão, Paulo Roberto Gomes

; Girodo, Antonio Carlos

; Benitez, Leila

Rem: Revista Escola de Minas

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sep 2008, Volume 61 N. 3 Pages 357 - 364

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A pesquisa de fontes diamantíferas primárias no Brasil iniciou-se na década de 1960, culminando com a descoberta da mineralização no kimberlito Canastra-1, que representa a primeira fonte primária com teores economicamente viáveis do país. O kimberlito aflora na região da Serra da Canastra, nas cabeceiras do rio São Francisco. A intrusão é constituída de dois blows alinhados segundo NW-SE, o trend estrutural da região definido em metassedimentos do Grupo Canastra. O blow menor (NW), quase circular e com ±0,8 ha de área, possui teores desprezíveis em diamantes. O outro (SE), com quase 1 ha, é mineralizado a um teor médio de 12-18 ct/100 t de rocha. Variações significativas também são verificadas em relação às fácies petrográficas do kimberlito, homogênea no blow NW, enquanto a SE é heterogênea, ocorrendo a mistura de várias fácies. A curta distância entre os blows (<40 m) pressupõe que ambos se juntem em profundidade, constituindo, então, apófises da mesma intrusão. A química mineral dos indicadores revelou forte semelhança com alguns corpos kimberlíticos africanos diamantíferos. Dados obtidos na lavra experimental indicaram uma qualidade excelente para os diamantes do kimberlito, estimando-se um valor médio em torno de US$ 180-200/ct.

The research on the primary diamond sources in Brazil started in the 1960 years and had its highest achievement with the discovery of the mineralized Canastra-1 kimberlite which is the first Brazilian primary deposit having economic contents. This pipe surfaces in the Serra da Canastra (Canastra Range) near the sources of the São Francisco River. The intrusion is made up of two blows lined along NE-SE, which is the region's structural trend defined in the metasedimentary rocks of the Canastra Group. The smaller blow is nearly circular with an area of approximately 0.8 ha and has only negligible diamond content. The SE blow has almost 1.0 ha and is mineralized with an average content of 12 to 18 ct/100 tonnes of rock. There are also significant differences in the petrographic facies of the two bodies, which is homogeneous in the NW blow while the SE blow is heterogeneous, with the occurrence of a mixture of several facies. The short distance between the blows justifies the assumption that they join in depth, therefore being apophyses of the same intrusion. The mineral chemistry of the indicators showed a strong resemblance with some diamondiferous African kimberlites. Data from experimental mining indicated an excellent quality for this kimberlite's diamonds, with US$180-200/ct estimated average value.

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15.

Prevalence of malaria parasitemia and accuracy of microscopic diagnosis in Haiti, October 1995
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Patrick Kachur, S.

; Nicolas, Elda

; Jean-François, Vély

; Benitez, Antonio

; Bloland, Peter B.

; Jean, Yvan Saint

; Mount, Dwight L.

; Ruebush II, Trenton K.

; Nguyen-Dinh, Phuc

Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública

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jan 1998, Volume 3 N. 1 Pages 35 - 39

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

In October 1995 the Ministry of Public Health and Population in Haiti surveyed 42 health facilities for the prevalence and distribution of malaria infection. They examined 1 803 peripheral blood smears from patients with suspected malaria; the overall slide positivity rate was 4.0% (range, 0.0% to 14.3%). The rate was lowest among 1- to 4-year-old children (1.6%) and highest among persons aged 15 and older (5.5%). Clinical and microscopic diagnoses of malaria were unreliable; the overall sensitivity of microscopic diagnosis was 83.6%, specificity was 88.6%, and the predictive value of a positive slide was 22.2%. Microscopic diagnoses need to be improved, and adequate surveillance must be reestablished to identify areas where transmission is most intense. The generally low level of malaria is encouraging and suggests that intensified control efforts targeted to the areas of highest prevalence could further diminish the effect of malaria in Haiti.

En octubre de 1995 el Ministerio de Salud Pública y Población de Haití inspeccionó 42 establecimientos de salud para determinar la prevalencia y distribución de la infección por malaria. Se examinaron 1 803 frotis de sangre periférica obtenidos de pacientes con sospecha de tener esa enfermedad; la tasa general de positividad de los frotis fue de 4,0% (con un recorrido de 0,0 a 14,3%). La tasa más baja (1,6%) se ob-servó en el grupo de niños de 1 a 4 años y la más alta en personas de 15 años de edad o mayores (5,5%). Los diagnósticos clínico y microscópico de la malaria fueron poco confiables; la sensibilidad general del diagnóstico microscópico fue de 83,6% y su especificidad de 88,6%, y el valor predictivo de un frotis positivo fue de 22,2%. Es preciso mejorar los diagnósticos microscópicos y reestablecer una vigilancia adecuada a fin de identificar las zonas donde la transmisión es más intensa. La frecuencia relativamente baja de la malaria es un dato alentador y sugiere que el refuerzo de las iniciativas de control dirigidas a las zonas de mayor prevalencia podría mitigar aun más el efecto de la malaria en Haití.

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