In silico and in vitro tests can reveal promising anti-leishmania activity for natural products and their derivatives. The aim of this study was to investigate in silico the pharmacological activities of potential new chalcones and their leishmanicidal potential in vitro. The in silico study was carried out using the PASS, MolPredictX and Molegro Virtual Docker 6.0 programs. Antiparasitic activity was assessed in axenic promastigote and amastigote forms of Leishmania braziliensis. The cytotoxicity tests used the J77G8 cell line. The chalcones exhibited 50% cytotoxic concentration values (CC50) values > 50 μM. Chalcone 4 (named FERAI) presented the best activity with concentration for 50% of promastigotes and intracellular parasites forms (EC50) of 9.75 ± 1.7 and 10.13 ± 1.7 μM for promastigote and amastigote, respectively. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) testing presented increased ROS levels in the parasite at the FERAI concentrations of 10 μM (56.33%), 20 μM (61.76%) and 30 μM (67.13%). Molecular docking revealed interactions (binding energy) between FERAI and the enzymes UDP-glycosyl pyrophosphorylase (-56.8384), dihydroorotate-dehydrogenase (-132.276) and trypanothione-reductase (-151.281). Our results demonstrated the anti-leishmanial activity of chalcones, especially FERAI, with a noted raising of ROS levels in the parasite. Molecular docking revealed dihydroorotate dehydrogenase and trypanothione reductase as potential pharmacological targets for FERAI. antileishmania anti leishmania derivatives PASS 60 6 0 6. programs braziliensis JG J G J77G line CC50 CC (CC50 5 named EC50 EC (EC50 975 9 75 9.7 17 1 7 1. 1013 13 10.1 respectively (ROS 56.33%, 5633 56.33% , 56 33 (56.33%) 2 61.76% 6176 61 76 (61.76% 3 67.13%. 6713 67.13% . 67 (67.13%) binding energy UDPglycosyl UDP glycosyl 56.8384, 568384 56.8384 8384 (-56.8384) dihydroorotatedehydrogenase 132.276 132276 132 276 (-132.276 trypanothionereductase 151.281. 151281 151.281 151 281 (-151.281) antileishmanial leishmanial CC5 (CC5 EC5 (EC5 97 9. 101 10. 563 56.33 (56.33% 61.76 617 (61.76 671 67.13 (67.13% 56838 56.838 838 (-56.8384 132.27 13227 27 (-132.27 15128 151.28 15 28 (-151.281 (CC (EC 56.3 (56.33 61.7 (61.7 67.1 (67.13 5683 56.83 83 (-56.838 132.2 1322 (-132.2 1512 151.2 (-151.28 56. (56.3 61. (61. 67. (67.1 568 56.8 8 (-56.83 132. (-132. 151. (-151.2 (56. (61 (67. (-56.8 (-132 (-151. (56 (6 (67 (-56. (-13 (-151 (5 ( (-56 (-1 (-15 (-5 (-

RESUMO: O melão de polpa alaranjada honeydew apresenta elevado potencial nutricional e econômico, sendo amplamente apreciado como fruta doce e refrescante. Portanto, avaliar amostras comerciais de produtos tão relevantes para o mercado de frutas frescas é de grande importância. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a capacidade antioxidante, os parâmetros de qualidade e a composição química de melões do mercado brasileiro. Os valores de pH e ºBrix determinados para as amostras de melão foram 6,5 ± 0,30 e 9,2 ± 0,80 g/100 g (peso fresco), respectivamente, o que está de acordo com os resultados esperados para melões de alta qualidade. A análise cromatográfica revelou a sacarose (49% do açúcar total) como principal açúcar, seguida pela frutose (30%) e glicose (21%). Os carotenóides, que estão diretamente ligados à cor laranja característica, apresentaram teor total de 270,59 µg/g (peso seco). Além disso, o maior valor de b* comparado ao valor de a* indica a maior contribuição da cor amarela. Quanto ao potencial antioxidante, além de apresentar capacidade antioxidante para ambos os métodos aplicados, DPPH e FRAP, níveis variando de 16,40 ± 0,21 µmol equivalente de ácido ascórbico/g a 56,98 ± 0,80 µmol equivalente de Trolox/g (peso seco) foram encontrados nos extratos de melão. Ademais, os resultados foram maiores em termos de FRAP do que em DPPH. Desta forma, os resultados destacam os melões avaliados como fontes valiosas de compostos bioativos, como carotenóides e fenólicos, que contribuem para suas propriedades antioxidantes. Além disso, análises de cor, pH e teor de sólidos solúveis totais também refletem os atributos de qualidade. RESUMO econômico refrescante Portanto importância brasileiro 65 6 5 6, 030 0 30 0,3 92 9 2 9, 080 80 0,8 g100 100 g/10 peso fresco, fresco , fresco) respectivamente 49% 49 (49 30% (30% 21%. 21 21% . (21%) característica 27059 270 59 270,5 µgg µg seco. seco disso b amarela aplicados 1640 16 40 16,4 021 0,2 ascórbicog ascórbico 5698 56 98 56,9 Troloxg Trolox Ademais forma bioativos fenólicos antioxidantes 03 3 0, 08 8 g10 10 g/1 4 (4 (30 (21% 2705 27 270, 164 1 16, 02 569 56, g1 g/ ( (3 (21 (2

ABSTRACT: Orange-fleshed non-netted honeydew melon has high nutritional and economic potential, being widely appreciated as a refreshing sweet fruit. Therefore, evaluating commercial samples of such relevant products for the fresh fruit market is of great importance. This study investigated the antioxidant capacity, quality parameters, and chemical composition of honeydew melons from the Brazilian market. The values of pH and °Brix determined for melon samples were 6.5 ± 0.30 and 9.2 ± 0.80 g/100 g (fresh weight), respectively, which agree with the results expected for high-quality melons. The chromatography analysis revealed sucrose (49% of total sugar) as the main sugar, followed by fructose (30%) and glucose (21%). Carotenoids, which are directly linked to the characteristic orange color, showed a total level of 270.59 µg/g (dry weight). Additionally, the higher b* value compared to a* value indicates the highest yellow contribution. Regarding the antioxidant assays, in addition to presenting antioxidant capacity for both methods applied, DPPH and FRAP, levels ranging from 16.40 ± 0.21 µmol ascorbic acid equivalent/g to 56.98 ± 0.80 µmol Trolox equivalent/g (dry weight) were reported in melon extracts. Moreover, the results were higher in terms of FRAP than DPPH. Therefore, the results underscore the evaluated honeydew melons as valuable sources of bioactive compounds, such as carotenoids and phenolics, which contribute to their antioxidant properties. Besides, analyses of color, pH, and total soluble solids content also reflect the quality attributes. ABSTRACT Orangefleshed Orange fleshed nonnetted non netted potential Therefore importance parameters Brix 65 6 5 6. 030 0 30 0.3 92 9 2 9. 080 80 0.8 g100 100 g/10 weight, weight , respectively highquality 49% 49 (49 sugar 30% (30% 21%. 21 21% . (21%) Carotenoids color 27059 270 59 270.5 µgg µg dry weight. Additionally b contribution assays applied 1640 16 40 16.4 021 0.2 equivalentg equivalent 5698 56 98 56.9 extracts Moreover compounds phenolics properties Besides attributes 03 3 0. 08 8 g10 10 g/1 4 (4 (30 (21% 2705 27 270. 164 1 16. 02 569 56. g1 g/ ( (3 (21 (2

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the effect of high-fidelity simulation of pediatric emergencies compared to case-based discussion on the development of self-confidence, theoretical knowledge, clinical reasoning, communication, attitude, and leadership in undergraduate medical students. Methods: 33 medical students were allocated to two teaching methods: high-fidelity simulation (HFS, n = 18) or case-based discussion (CBD, n = 15). Self-confidence and knowledge tests were applied before and after the interventions and the effect of HFS on both outcomes was estimated with mixed-effect models. An Objective Structured Clinical Examination activity was conducted after the interventions, while two independent raters used specific simulation checklists to assess clinical reasoning, communication, attitude, and leadership. The effect of HFS on these outcomes was estimated with linear and logistic regressions. The effect size was estimated with the Hedge’sg. Results: Both groups had an increase in self-confidence (HFS 59.1 × 93.6, p < 0.001; CDB 50.5 × 88.2, p < 0.001) and knowledge scores over time (HFS 45.1 × 63.2, p = 0.001; CDB 43.5 × 56.7, p-value < 0.01), but no difference was observed between groups (group*time effect in the mixed effect models adjusted for the student ranking) for both tests (p = 0.6565 and p = 0.3331, respectively). The simulation checklist scores of the HFS group were higher than those of the CBD group, with large effect sizes in all domains (Hedges g 1.15 to 2.20). Conclusion: HFS performed better than CBD in developing clinical reasoning, communication, attitude, and leadership in undergraduate medical students in pediatric emergency care, but no significant difference was observed in self-confidence and theoretical knowledge. highfidelity high fidelity casebased case based selfconfidence, selfconfidence self confidence, confidence reasoning communication attitude Methods 3 methods HFS, 18 CBD, (CBD 15. 15 . 15) Selfconfidence Self mixedeffect regressions Hedgesg. Hedgesg Hedge sg. sg Hedge’sg Results 591 59 1 59. 936 93 6 93.6 0.001 0001 0 001 505 50 5 50. 882 88 2 88.2 451 45 45. 632 63 63.2 435 43 43. 567 56 7 56.7 pvalue value 0.01, 0.01 , 01 0.01) group*time grouptime ranking 06565 6565 0.656 03331 3331 0.3331 respectively. respectively respectively) Hedges 115 1.1 2.20. 220 2.20 20 2.20) Conclusion care 9 93. 0.00 000 00 8 88. 4 63. 56. 0.0 0656 656 0.65 0333 333 0.333 11 1. 22 2.2 0. 065 65 0.6 033 0.33 2. 06 03 0.3

Abstract Objective: To evaluate exclusive breastfeeding at discharge and hospital length-of-stay in pre-term infants undergoing or not the Kangaroo-Mother Care Method (KMC). Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted including preterm infants < 1800 g admitted to the neonatal unit of a KMC reference center. The infants were grouped into the KMC group and the non-KMC group. Multiple logistic and Poisson regressions were performed to evaluate the association between the KMC and two outcomes, exclusive breastfeeding at discharge, and hospital length-of-stay, adjusted for potential confounders. Results: 115 mother-infant dyads were included, 78 in the KMC group and 37 in the non-KMC group. In the bivariate analysis, the KMC group had a lower prevalence of maternal adverse conditions (6% vs. 32%, p < 0.001), a higher number of prenatal visits (median 6 vs. 3.5, p < 0.001), higher gestational ages (median 32 vs. 31 weeks, p < 0.05), higher birth weights (median 1530 vs. 1365 g, p < 0.01), a lower prevalence of necrotizing enterocolitis (3.8% vs. 16.2%, p < 0.05), parenteral nutrition (50% vs. 73%, p < 0.05), and deep vascular access (49.7% vs. 78.4%, p < 0.01), a higher prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding (65% vs. 8%, p < 0.001) and a shorter length of hospital stay (median 28 vs. 42 days, p < 0.001). In the multiple regression analysis, the KMC group was 23 times more likely to be exclusively breastfed at discharge (OR = 23.1; 95% CI = 4,85–109,93) and had a 19% reduction in the hospital length-of-stay (IDR = 0.81; 95% CI = 0.76–0.86) compared to the non-KMC group. Conclusions: The KMC is associated with better short-term neonatal outcomes and should be encouraged in all Brazilian maternity hospitals. Objective lengthofstay pre term KangarooMother Kangaroo Mother KMC. . (KMC) Methods 180 center nonKMC non lengthofstay, stay, confounders Results 11 motherinfant mother infant included 7 3 analysis 6% (6 vs 32% 0.001, 0001 0.001 , 0 001 median 35 5 3.5 weeks 0.05, 005 0.05 05 0.05) 153 136 0.01, 0.01 01 0.01) 3.8% 38 8 (3.8 162 16 2 16.2% 50% 50 (50 73 73% 49.7% 497 49 (49.7 784 4 78.4% 65% 65 (65 8% days 0.001. OR 23.1 231 1 95 4,85–109,93 48510993 85 109 93 19 IDR 0.81 081 81 0.76–0.86 076086 76 86 Conclusions shortterm short hospitals (KMC 18 ( 000 0.00 00 3. 0.0 15 13 3.8 (3. 16.2 (5 49.7 (49. 78.4 23. 9 4,85–109,9 4851099 10 0.8 08 0.76–0.8 07608 0. (3 16. 49. (49 78. 4,85–109, 485109 0.76–0. 0760 (4 4,85–109 48510 0.76–0 076 4,85–10 4851 0.76– 07 4,85–1 485 0.76 4,85– 48 0.7 4,85 4,8 4,

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the phenophases of Cenostigma pyramidale (Tul.) Gagnon & G.P.Lewis in an area of Caatinga in the semi-arid region of Paraíba, Brazil. Field research was carried out in the municipality of Sumé, in the Experimental Space reserved for Studies on Ecology and Dynamics of the Caatinga - Area I of the Laboratory of Ecology and Botany - LAEB/CDSA/UFCG (7°39'38.8'' S and 36°53'42.4'' W; 538 m altitude). A total of 96 plots of 10 x 10 m were arranged in the study area, seeking to identify one specimen of C. pyramidale per plot. Monitoring was performed monthly from March 2019 to February 2020, recording budding, senescence, flower bud, flowering, and fruiting data. The Fournier intensity percentage and the activity index were analyzed. The highest budding intensity index was observed when there was a gradual increase in precipitation. Senescence had the highest peaks of intensity in the months with the absence or reduced levels of precipitation. Flower bud and flowering were practically equal throughout the monitoring period. The highest fruiting intensity occurred in the month with the highest precipitation. Regarding the budding activity index, all specimens expressed this phenophase as soon as the precipitation levels increased. In the dry period, all specimens showed senescence. Flower bud and flowering phenophases occurred synchronously. Fruiting had a higher activity index in periods of higher precipitation. Thus, it was observed that precipitation has a great influence on phenological events. Tul. Tul (Tul. GPLewis G P Lewis semiarid semi arid Paraíba Brazil Sumé LAEBCDSAUFCG LAEB CDSA UFCG 7°3938.8 739388 7°39 38.8 7 39 38 8 (7°39'38.8' 36°5342.4 3653424 36°53 42.4 36 53 42 4 36°53'42.4' W altitude. altitude . altitude) 9 1 C plot 201 2020 senescence data analyzed period increased synchronously Thus events (Tul 3938 7°3938. 73938 739 7°3 388 38. 3 (7°39'38.8 5342 36°5342. 365342 3653 36°5 424 42. 5 36°53'42.4 20 202 393 7°3938 7393 73 7° (7°39'38. 534 36°5342 36534 365 36° 36°53'42. 2 7°393 (7°39'38 36°534 36°53'42 (7°39'3 36°53'4 (7°39' 36°53' (7°39 (7°3 (7° (7 (

RESUMO: Sabe-se que a floricultura é muito importante para o cenário econômico mundial, porém a vida útil de vaso das flores de corte é determinada por um pequeno intervalo de tempo. O estudo procurou avaliar o comportamento espectral durante a degradação foliar de hastes florais de lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum) na pós-colheita, em diferentes soluções conservantes, e estimar pigmentos foliares a partir dos dados hiperespectrais. As hastes florais de lisianthus foram submetidas a soluções conservantes de diferentes concentrações de sacarose, glicose, distintos fitormônios e água deionizada. Foram coletadas folhas dessas hastes a cada quatro dias para posterior análise hiperespectral. A fim de analisar o uso dos espectros para detectar o desempenho das soluções conservantes, foi utilizado testes estatísticos em cada comprimento de onda entre estas soluções. Foi avaliado a predição de pigmentos através da razão CAR/CLF (Razão entre Carotenoides e Clorofila) a partir das curvas espectrais, tendo o PLSR e RRMSE como indicadores da eficiência dos resultados. As soluções a base de glicose registraram efeitos positivos na conservação das hastes florais principalmente na dose de 180 g/L. Já as soluções a base de sacarose e fitormônios registraram semelhanças nas curvas espectrais entre as doses, mostrando-se igualdade na conservação das folhas. As análises discriminantes demostraram que houve diferença estatística nas respostas espectrais nas doses para cada solução utilizada. A razão CAR/CLF teve coeficientes razoáveis de 0,6 e RRMSE abaixo de 6,99%. As análises hiperespectrais apresentaram potencial na avaliação da degradação foliar de hastes florais de lisianthus em diferentes soluções pulsing utilizadas na pós-colheita. RESUMO Sabese Sabe se mundial tempo Eustoma grandiflorum póscolheita, póscolheita pós colheita, colheita pós-colheita deionizada hiperespectral CARCLF CAR CLF Razão Clorofila resultados 18 gL g L g/L mostrandose mostrando utilizada 06 0 6 0, 699 99 6,99% póscolheita. colheita. 1 69 9 6,99 6,9 6,

ABSTRACT: It is known that floriculture is very important for the world economic scenario. Nevertheless, the vase life of cut flowers is determined by a short time span. This study evaluated the spectral behavior during leaf degradation of lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum) flower stems in the postharvest, in different preservative solutions, and estimating its leaf pigments by hyperspectral data. Lisianthus floral stems were subjected to preservative solutions with different concentrations of sucrose, glucose, phytohormones and deionized water. Leaves from these stems were collected every 4 days for further hyperspectral analysis. Spectra was determined in laboratory with a sensor collecting at the range of 350-2500 nm. In order to analyze the use of the spectra to detect the performance of the preservative solutions, statistical tests were used at each wavelength. Pigment prediction was assessed by the CAR/CLF ratio (Ratio between Carotenoids and Chlorophyll) from the spectral curves, using PLSR and RRMSE. The glucose-based solutions registered positive effects on the preservation of floral stems, especially at the dose of 180 g/L. The solutions based on sucrose and phytohormones registered similarities in the spectral curves among the doses, demonstrating equality in leaf preservation. The discriminant analyses demonstrated there was statistical difference in the spectral responses in the doses for each solution used. The CAR/CLF ratio had reasonable coefficients of 0.6 and RRMSE below 6.99%. The hyperspectral analyses presented a potential for the evaluation of leaf degradation in lisianthus floral stems in different pulsing solutions used in the postharvest. ABSTRACT scenario Nevertheless span Eustoma grandiflorum postharvest data glucose water analysis 3502500 350 2500 350-250 nm wavelength CARCLF CAR CLF Ratio Chlorophyll glucosebased 18 gL g L g/L 06 0 6 0. 699 99 6.99% 350250 35 250 350-25 1 69 9 6.99 35025 3 25 350-2 6.9 3502 2 350- 6.

ABSTRACT The application of rock dust (RD) in agricultural soils has shown the capacity to improve soil conditions for plant growth. However, the successful use of RD requires understanding its effects on weathering in soil surfaces and its possible products. In this study, we present the results of an exploratory test in which a RD had its weathering intensified in a soil column by temperature (45 °C) and intense leaching (1,339.2 mm in 24 weeks), in the absence of plants. There was a significant increase in amorphous phases of iron (Fe) and particularly of aluminum (Al) to the amount of 0.13 g kg –1 for Fe and 0.16 g kg –1 for Al in the 0-0.05 m layer of the column and 0.22 g kg –1 for Al in the 0.05-0.10 m layer. These values account for 6 % of the total Fe, and 27 % of the total Al added as RD in the column. Spectral features in the visible-near infrared-short wave infrared (VIS-NIR-SWIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) range, as well as X-ray diffraction (XRD) scans, were inconclusive because of the small signal-noise ratio of the newly precipitated phases. Selective chemical methods targeted to specific soil pools (precipitated, adsorbed, and leached) were more sensitive to capture the new amorphous phases resulting from the RD dissolution. This study contributes to understanding the effects of RD on the availability of ions and the possibility of amorphous oxides precipitating in the soil. In addition, it helps identify other effects associated with using RD, such as changes in the pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and nutrient availability. (RD growth However products 45 (4 °C C 1,339.2 13392 1 339 2 (1,339. weeks, weeks , weeks) plants (Fe (Al 013 0 13 0.1 – 016 16 00.05 0005 0.05 05 0-0.0 022 22 0.2 0.050.10 005010 0.10 10 0.05-0.1 visiblenear visible near infraredshort short VISNIRSWIR VIS NIR SWIR (VIS-NIR-SWIR midinfrared mid MIR (MIR range Xray X ray XRD (XRD scans signalnoise signal noise precipitated, (precipitated adsorbed leached dissolution addition pH CEC, CEC (CEC) 4 ( 1,339. 1339 33 (1,339 01 0. 00 00.0 000 005 0.0 0-0. 02 050 0.050.1 00501 010 0.05-0. (CEC 1,339 133 3 (1,33 00. 0-0 0.050. 0050 0.05-0 1,33 (1,3 0- 0.050 0.05- 1,3 (1, 1, (1

ABSTRACT Purpose: To describe an experimental surgical model in rats using a dual-plane technique for evaluation of biomaterials in an in-vivo silicone implant coverage. Methods: This study was developed following the ISO 10993-6 standard. In this study, 40 male Wistar rats weighing between 250 and 350 g were used, distributed into two groups: experimental, biomaterial superimposed on the minimammary prosthesis (MP); and control, MP without implantation of the biomaterial, with eight animals at each biological point: 1, 2, 4, 12, and 26 weeks. Thus, at the end of biological points (1, 2, 4, 12, and 26 weeks; n = 8 animals per week), the tissue specimens achieved were fixed in buffered formalin and stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Results: Macroscopically, throughout the study, no postoperative complications were apparent. In the histological analysis, it was possible to observe the evolution of the inflammatory response, tissue repair, and fibrous capsule during the biological points. Conclusions: The experimental model described in this study proved to be suitable for evaluating the biomaterial used in the coverage of breast silicone implants. Purpose dualplane dual plane invivo vivo Methods 109936 10993 6 10993- standard 4 25 35 groups (MP) control point 1 2 12 weeks Thus (1 week, week , week) hematoxylineosin. hematoxylineosin hematoxylin eosin. eosin hematoxylin-eosin Results Macroscopically apparent analysis response repair Conclusions implants 1099 3 (MP ( 109 10

ABSTRACT Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Auto-HSCT) is widely used in the treatment of patients with hematological neoplasms. Since these cells circulate in small quantities in the periphery, the use of regimens that promote their mobilization is essential. In this study, we retrospectively evaluated the efficacy and safety of using intermediate doses of cytarabine (1.6 g/m2) + filgrastim (10 mcg/kg/day) in the mobilization of stem cells in 157 patients treated by the Unified Health System at the Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Service of the Hospital Real Português de Beneficência, in Recife, Pernambuco. The sample included patients with multiple myeloma (MM) (58.6 %), lymphomas (29.9 %), and other neoplasms (11.5 %). The target of 2.0 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg was achieved by 148 (94.3 %) patients, in most cases (84.1%) in a single apheresis and the median number of cells collected was 9.5 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg. No episode of febrile neutropenia was observed, however, 79 patients (50.3%) required platelet transfusion (no cases attributed to bleeding). The median engraftment time was 11 days. Given these results, we suggest that the use of intermediate doses of cytarabine, combined with filgrastim, is safe and effective in mobilizing hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). AutoHSCT Auto HSCT (Auto-HSCT periphery essential study 1.6 16 1 6 (1. g/m2 gm2 gm g m2 m 10 (1 mcg/kg/day mcgkgday mcg kg day 15 Beneficência Recife Pernambuco MM (MM 58.6 586 58 (58. %, % , 29.9 299 29 9 (29. 11.5 115 5 (11. %. . 20 2 0 2. CD34 CD cellskg 14 94.3 943 94 3 (94. 84.1% 841 84 (84.1% 95 9. observed however 7 50.3% 503 50 (50.3% no bleeding. bleeding bleeding) days results HSCs. HSCs (HSCs) 1. g/m ( 58. (58 29. (29 11. (11 CD3 94. (94 84.1 8 (84.1 50.3 (50.3 (HSCs (5 (2 (9 84. (84. 50. (50. (84 (50 (8

Abstract The production of the enzymes α-amylase, glucoamylase, and xylanase by Aspergillus niger DR02 was studied using waste from the Brazilian cassava flour industry. Cassava wastewater (manipueira) at 30% (v/v) was used, either supplemented (M30F10) or not (M30) with 10 g/L of cassava peel flour as a carbon source. Variables such as chemical oxygen demand (COD), proteins, reducing sugars, glucose, nitrate, ammonia, and enzymatic activities were monitored. The results for M30F10 and M30 at 30°C and pH 5.00 showed similar COD removals of 82.88%±12.00 and 82.41%±7.00, respectively. Despite the significant reduction in organic load, the final effluent still requires post-treatment before being discharged into the receiving water body. The addition of cassava peel flour favored the maximum production of 18.40 U/mL±0.15 α-amylase in 72 hours of cultivation, 14.80 U/mL±0.91 xylanase in 96 hours, and 4.50 U/mL±0.29 pectinase in 24 hours. Without medium supplementation, the highest glucoamylase activity (19.90 U/mL±1.01) was obtained in 96 hours. The kinetic adjustment to a first-order model (R²: 0.9998) confirmed the highest efficiency for α-amylase production when the medium was supplemented with peel flour (M30F10), with a production rate of 7.07 x 10⁻² h⁻¹, while the highest glucoamylase production rate was obtained in M30 (3.251 x 10⁻² h⁻¹; R²: 0.9975). These results confirm the effects of mitigating environmental impact and the commercial value enhancement of cassava flour industry waste through biodegradation with the studied strain. αamylase, αamylase α amylase, amylase DR DR0 manipueira (manipueira 30 v/v vv v (v/v used MF M F (M30F10 (M30 1 gL g L source COD, , (COD) proteins sugars glucose nitrate ammonia monitored M30F1 M3 30C C 500 5 00 5.0 82881200 82 88 12 82.88%±12.0 8241700 41 7 82.41%±7.00 respectively load posttreatment post treatment body 1840 18 40 18.4 UmL015 UmL U mL 0 15 U/mL±0.1 cultivation 1480 14 80 14.8 UmL091 91 U/mL±0.9 9 450 4 50 4.5 UmL029 29 U/mL±0.2 2 supplementation 19.90 1990 19 90 (19.9 U/mL±1.01 UmL101 01 firstorder first order R² R (R² 0.9998 09998 9998 M30F10, 707 07 7.0 10² ² 10⁻ h¹ h ¹ h⁻¹ 3.251 3251 3 251 (3.25 0.9975. 09975 0.9975 . 9975 0.9975) strain (M30F1 (M3 (COD M30F 5. 8288120 8 82.88%±12. 824170 82.41%±7.0 184 18. UmL01 U/mL±0. 148 14. UmL09 45 4. UmL02 19.9 199 (19. U/mL±1.0 UmL10 (R 0.999 0999 999 70 7. h⁻ 3.25 325 25 (3.2 0997 0.997 997 (M30F (M 828812 82.88%±12 82417 82.41%±7. UmL0 U/mL±0 19. (19 U/mL±1. UmL1 0.99 099 99 3.2 32 (3. 82881 82.88%±1 8241 82.41%±7 U/mL± (1 U/mL±1 0.9 09 3. (3 8288 82.88%± 824 82.41%± U/mL ( 0. 828 82.88% 82.41% 82.88 82.41 82.8 82.4 82.

ABSTRACT. Emulsifiers in animal diets are an interesting and effective strategy for nutritionists to improve the digestion of dietary lipids and, consequently, provide better performance. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the supplementation of diets with emulsifier based on mono- and diglycerides (120 g t-1 of feed) associated with different energy levels (2,775; 2,725; 2,675 and 2,625 kcal of metabolizable energy kg-1 of feed) on performance and egg quality of Hisex Brown laying hens. The laying hens were distributed in 50 experimental plots with eight birds each. A completely randomized design with five treatments and ten replicates/treatments was used. The treatments in this study were: control diet (C) with 2,775 kcal of metabolizable energy (ME) kg-1 of feed; C + E: diet C supplemented with an emulsifier (E) at 120 g t-1 of feed; diet C with reduction of 50 kcal ME and supplemented with E (NC50 + E); diet C with reduction of 100 kcal ME and supplemented with E (NC100 + E); and diet C with reduction of 150 kcal ME and supplemented with E (NC150 + E). All diets had the same inclusion level of degummed soybean oil (2%). There was no influence of the treatments on the performance and quality of the eggs (p >0.05). The current study has shown that diets supplemented with emulsifiers based on mono- and diglycerides (120 g t-1) allows reducing the metabolizable energy level up to 150 kcal kg-1 of feed, without impairment on performance and egg quality of Hisex Brown laying hens.

The present work investigates the aquatic biodegradation of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB)/nanoclay bionanocomposites containing PP-g-MA as compatibilizing agent. Both pristine and organically modified (Cloisite20A®) montmorillonite clay were used as fillers in different content (1 and 3 wt%). The bionanocomposites were prepared by melt intercalation in a single screw extruder. There after films (50x50x0.5mm) were prepared by compression and assessed by X-ray diffraction. Aquatic biodegradation of the films was appraised by visual inspection, optical microscopy, counting and identification of bacteria. Results proposed that the water of the Parnaíba River in the city of Teresina (Piauí, Brazil) has microorganisms (Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) capable of degrading these bionanocomposite films, particularly the films with 3 wt% organoclay. Our data indicated the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa degraded dexterously all the films. This work collaborates with the preservation of the environment and expands the use of bionanocomposites in expendable items with the development of films with properties favorable to biodegradation in aquatic environments. It is believed that PHB/clay/PP-g-MA films emerge as a promising alternative for the packaging industry. poly3hydroxybutyrate polyhydroxybutyrate poly hydroxybutyrate poly(3-hydroxybutyrate PHB/nanoclay PHBnanoclay PHB /nanoclay nanoclay PPgMA PP g MA agent Cloisite20A® Cloisite20A CloisiteA Cloisite A (Cloisite20A® 1 ( wt%. wt . wt%) extruder 50x50x0.5mm 50x50x05mm xxmm 50x50x0 5mm x mm (50x50x0.5mm Xray X ray diffraction inspection microscopy Piauí, Piauí (Piauí Brazil organoclay environments PHB/clay/PPgMA PHBclayPPgMA PHB/clay/PP industry (Cloisite20A xx 50x50x PHBclayPP

RESUMO: Em programas de melhoramento genético, o uso de informações moleculares garantiu importantes avanços para a melhoria de características de interesse econômico, no âmbito da produção animal. O advento da tecnologia de painéis de SNPs aplicados à seleção genômica ampla (GWS) e associação genômica ampla (GWAS), aliado ao avanço computacional, com o uso de softwares e análises robustas, permitiram melhor compreensão sobre a arquitetura genética dos animais de produção e, consequentemente, maior eficiência na seleção. Nesse contexto, o método estatístico single-step GBLUP tem sido utilizado, frequentemente, na execução da GWS e, mais recentemente, em GWAS, possibilitando predições acuradas e detecção de QTLs, respectivamente. No entanto, em países em desenvolvimento e, em espécies como os ovinos e caprinos, que existe maior dificuldade para a aquisição de dados genômicos, o uso da simulação de dados tem se mostrado eficiente para estudar os principais fatores envolvidos no processo de seleção, como o tamanho da população de treinamento, densidade de chipde SNPs e estratégias de genotipagem, cujos efeitos estão diretamente associados à acurácia da predição de valores genéticos genômicos. Nesta revisão, serão abordados pontos importantes sobre o uso da genômica no melhoramento genético de características produtivas em animais, principais métodos de predição e estimação de efeitos de marcadores moleculares na atualidade, a importância da simulação de dados para a validação desses métodos, bem como as vantagens, os desafios e as limitações no cenário atual da produção animal com o uso da seleção e associação genômica ampla. RESUMO econômico (GWS GWAS , (GWAS) computacional robustas consequentemente contexto singlestep single step utilizado frequentemente recentemente QTLs respectivamente entanto caprinos genômicos treinamento genotipagem revisão atualidade vantagens (GWAS

ABSTRACT: The use of molecular information in breeding programs contributed to important advances in the improvement of traits of economic interest in livestock production. The advent of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panels applied to genome-wide selection (GWS) and genome-wide association studies (GWAS), along with computational advances (e.g., use of powerful software and robust analyses) allowed a better understanding of the genetic architecture of farm animals and increased the selection efficiency. In this context, the statistic method single-step GBLUP has been frequently used to perform GWS, and more recently GWAS analyses, providing accurate predictions and QTL detection, respectively. Nevertheless, in developing countries, species such as sheep and goats, whose genomic data are more difficult to be obtained, the use of data simulation has been efficient in the study of the major factors involved in the selection process, such as size of training population, density of SNP chips, and genotyping strategies. The effects of these factors are directly associated with the prediction accuracy of genomic breeding values. In this review we showed important aspects of the use of genomics in the genetic improvement of production traits of animals, the main methods currently used for prediction and estimation of molecular marker effects, the importance of data simulation for validation of those methods, as well as the advantages, challenges and limitations of the use of GWS and GWAS in the current scenario of livestock production. ABSTRACT (SNP genomewide genome wide (GWS GWAS, , (GWAS) e.g., eg e g (e.g. analyses efficiency context singlestep step detection respectively Nevertheless countries goats obtained process population chips strategies values advantages (GWAS e.g. (e.g e.g

RESUMO: Objetivou-se avaliar as concentrações de fósforo (P) no soro e no osso, o percentual de cinzas e a densidade óssea específica em búfalas da Ilha de Marajó antes e após suplementação mineral seletiva. Foram utilizadas 14 búfalas mestiças de Murrah com Mediterrânea, com idades entre 18 e 36 meses. Os valores médios de P, antes da suplementação, no soro, no osso, o percentual de cinzas e a densidade óssea específica foram de 5,68mg/dL±1,18, 16,53%±0,53, 59,95%±1,96 e 1,52g/cm3±0,32, respectivamente, o que demonstra deficiência de P nos animais criados na Ilha de Marajó. Após a suplementação com P por um período de sete meses os valores foram 6,61mg/dl±0,87, 16,90%±0,56 e 60,30%±0,95 e 1,71g/cm3±0,21 respectivamente. Esses resultados caracterizam um aumento significativo nas concentrações de P no soro sanguíneo, na densidade óssea específica e no percentual de P nas cinzas (P<0,05), porém não houve um aumento significativo no percentual de cinzas. O aumento médio nos valores de P no soro e nas cinzas não alcançou patamares de normalidade em todas as búfalas, entretanto 28,6% delas tinham valores normais de P no soro e 50% nas cinzas, 64,3% tinham valores normais da densidade óssea específica. O não restabelecimento, em parte dos animais, das variáveis ósseas e sanguíneas após suplementação com P durante sete meses pode ter ocorrido em virtude da baixa ingestão da mistura mineral e da baixa concentração de P em Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu utilizada para alimentação dos animais durante o experimento. RESUMO Objetivouse Objetivou se (P osso seletiva 1 Mediterrânea 3 568mgdL118 mgdL 5 68mg dL mg 5,68mg/dL±1,18 1653053 16 53 0 16,53%±0,53 5995196 59 95 96 59,95%±1,9 152gcm3032 gcm 52g cm3 32 g cm 1,52g/cm3±0,32 respectivamente 661mgdl087 mgdl 6 61mg dl 87 6,61mg/dl±0,87 1690056 90 56 16,90%±0,5 6030095 60 30 60,30%±0,9 171gcm3021 71g 21 1,71g/cm3±0,2 sanguíneo P<0,05, P005 P<0,05 , 05 (P<0,05) 286 28 28,6 50 643 64 64,3 restabelecimento cv experimento 568mgdL11 5,68mg/dL±1,1 165305 16,53%±0,5 599519 9 59,95%±1, 152gcm303 1,52g/cm3±0,3 661mgdl08 8 6,61mg/dl±0,8 169005 16,90%±0, 603009 60,30%±0, 171gcm302 2 1,71g/cm3±0, P00 P<0,0 (P<0,05 28, 64, 568mgdL1 5,68mg/dL±1, 16530 16,53%±0, 59951 59,95%±1 152gcm30 1,52g/cm3±0, 661mgdl0 6,61mg/dl±0, 16900 16,90%±0 60300 60,30%±0 171gcm30 1,71g/cm3±0 P0 P<0, (P<0,0 568mgdL 5,68mg/dL±1 1653 16,53%±0 5995 59,95%± 152gcm3 1,52g/cm3±0 661mgdl 6,61mg/dl±0 1690 16,90%± 6030 60,30%± 171gcm3 1,71g/cm3± P<0 (P<0, 5,68mg/dL± 165 16,53%± 599 59,95% 152gcm 1,52g/cm3± 6,61mg/dl± 169 16,90% 603 60,30% 171gcm 1,71g/cm3 P< (P<0 5,68mg/dL 16,53% 59,95 1,52g/cm3 6,61mg/dl 16,90 60,30 1,71g/cm (P< 16,53 59,9 1,52g/cm 16,9 60,3 16,5 59, 16, 60,

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate phosphorus (P) concentration in serum and bone, the percentage of ash and the specific bone density of buffaloes on Ilha de Marajó before and after mineral supplementation. For this study, 14 crossbred buffaloes of Murrah and Mediterranean descent aged between 18 and 36 months were used. The average values of P before supplementation in serum and bone, the percentage of bone ash and the specific bone density were 5.68mg/dL±1.18, 16.53%±0.53, 59.95%±1.96 and 1.52g/cm3±0.32, respectively, which demonstrated P deficiency in animals raised on Ilha de Marajó. After supplementation with P for a period of seven months, the values were 6.61mg/dL±0.87, 16.90%±0.56 and 60.30%±0.95 and 1.71g/cm3±0.21, respectively. These results showed a significant increase in P concentration in blood serum, specific bone density and percentage of P in ash (P<0.05), but there was no significant increase in the percentage of ash. The average increase in P in the serum and ash did not reach normal levels in all animals; however, 28.6% of the animals had normal values of P in serum and 50% in the ash, and 64.3% had normal specific bone density values. The nonre-establishment, in some of the animals, of the variables of P serum and bone after supplementation for seven months may have occurred as a result of the low intake of the mineral mixture and by the low concentration of P in the Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu used for feeding animals during the experiment. ABSTRACT (P 1 3 568mgdL118 mgdL 5 68mg dL mg 5.68mg/dL±1.18 1653053 16 53 0 16.53%±0.53 5995196 59 95 96 59.95%±1.9 152gcm3032 gcm 52g cm3 32 g cm 1.52g/cm3±0.32 respectively 661mgdL087 6 61mg 87 6.61mg/dL±0.87 1690056 90 56 16.90%±0.5 6030095 60 30 60.30%±0.9 171gcm3021 71g 21 1.71g/cm3±0.21 P<0.05, P005 P<0.05 , 05 (P<0.05) however 286 28 28.6 50 643 64 64.3 nonreestablishment, nonreestablishment nonre establishment, establishment nonre-establishment cv experiment 568mgdL11 5.68mg/dL±1.1 165305 16.53%±0.5 599519 9 59.95%±1. 152gcm303 1.52g/cm3±0.3 661mgdL08 8 6.61mg/dL±0.8 169005 16.90%±0. 603009 60.30%±0. 171gcm302 2 1.71g/cm3±0.2 P00 P<0.0 (P<0.05 28. 64. 568mgdL1 5.68mg/dL±1. 16530 16.53%±0. 59951 59.95%±1 152gcm30 1.52g/cm3±0. 661mgdL0 6.61mg/dL±0. 16900 16.90%±0 60300 60.30%±0 171gcm30 1.71g/cm3±0. P0 P<0. (P<0.0 568mgdL 5.68mg/dL±1 1653 16.53%±0 5995 59.95%± 152gcm3 1.52g/cm3±0 661mgdL 6.61mg/dL±0 1690 16.90%± 6030 60.30%± 171gcm3 1.71g/cm3±0 P<0 (P<0. 5.68mg/dL± 165 16.53%± 599 59.95% 152gcm 1.52g/cm3± 6.61mg/dL± 169 16.90% 603 60.30% 171gcm 1.71g/cm3± P< (P<0 5.68mg/dL 16.53% 59.95 1.52g/cm3 6.61mg/dL 16.90 60.30 1.71g/cm3 (P< 16.53 59.9 1.52g/cm 16.9 60.3 1.71g/cm 16.5 59. 16. 60.

Abstract Objective To describe the association of maternal and neonatal characteristics with the adherence status to the in-hospital stages of the Kangaroo-Mother Care Method - KMC (full, partial, and no-adherence). Methods Retrospective cohort study including infants < 2500 g admitted to a reference maternity hospital for the KMC in Rio de Janeiro from January to December 2018. Maternal and neonatal characteristics were distributed according to the adherence status to the KMC in-hospital stages. In the first stage, KMC is performed in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and Conventional Neonatal Intermediate Care Unit. The second stage is completed in Kangaroo Neonatal Intermediate Care Unit. Multinomial multiple regression was performed with KMC adherence as a three-category dependent variable and maternal and neonatal characteristics as independent variables. Results Of 166 dyads, 102 (61.5%) participated in two stages. Those who did not participate in any stage (n = 52; 31.3%) had a lower level of education, a higher frequency of adverse conditions, and were more often single mothers; mothers who participated only in the first stage (n = 12; 7,2%) had more premature and sick infants. Conditions associated with adherence to the two stages compared to no adherence were: high school education (OR = 2.34; 95% CI = 1.08-5.07), presence of a partner (OR = 3.82; 95% CI = 1.7-8.61), no adverse conditions (OR = 3.54; 95% CI = 1.59-7.89) and no neonatal resuscitation (OR = 2.73; 95% CI = 1.22-6.1). Conclusions The study identified maternal and neonatal conditions associated with adherence status to the KMC. The results suggest opportunities to improve adherence. inhospital KangarooMother Mother full, full (full partial noadherence. noadherence . no-adherence) 250 2018 threecategory three category variables 16 dyads 10 61.5% 615 61 5 (61.5% n 52 31.3% 313 31 3 12 7,2% 72 7 2 OR 2.34 234 34 95 1.085.07, 108507 1.08 5.07 , 1 08 07 1.08-5.07) 3.82 382 82 1.78.61, 17861 1.7 8.61 8 1.7-8.61) 3.54 354 54 1.597.89 159789 1.59 7.89 59 89 1.59-7.89 2.73 273 73 1.226.1. 12261 1.22 6.1 22 6 1.22-6.1) no-adherence 25 201 61.5 (61.5 31.3 7,2 2.3 23 9 085 1.085.07 10850 108 1.0 507 5.0 0 1.08-5.07 3.8 38 78 1.78.61 1786 17 1. 861 8.6 1.7-8.61 3.5 35 597 1.597.8 15978 159 1.5 789 7.8 1.59-7.8 2.7 27 226 1.226.1 1226 122 1.2 6. 1.22-6.1 20 61. (61. 31. 7, 2. 1.085.0 1085 50 5. 1.08-5.0 3. 1.78.6 178 86 8. 1.7-8.6 1.597. 1597 15 7. 1.59-7. 1.226. 1.22-6. (61 1.085. 1.08-5. 1.78. 1.7-8. 1.597 1.59-7 1.226 1.22-6 (6 1.085 1.08-5 1.78 1.7-8 1.59- 1.22- ( 1.08- 1.7-