Abstract Introduction The Iowa-Netherlands Comparison Orientation Measure (INCOM) was developed to measure individual differences in social comparison orientation and has been widely used in research and various different settings. Objectives The aim of this study was to adapt the online version of the INCOM and to evaluate its psychometric parameters when applied to a Brazilian population of university students. Methods The procedures were divided into two steps: step 1 – cross-cultural adaptation and analysis of content validity, and step 2 – assessment of psychometric characteristics. Step 1 comprised the processes of translation, evaluation by an expert committee, evaluation by the target population, and back-translation. For step 2, 1,065 university students were recruited and then factor analysis, analysis of reliability, and analysis of validity based on external measures were performed. Results The adaptation process yielded satisfactory results, including good indicators of content validity. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-dimensional structure and adequate factor loadings, except for item 11, which was excluded from the final version. Additionally, the final version of the scale had adequate fit indices (χ2 = 148.45, degrees of freedom [df] = 26; p < 0.001; root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.06; comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.99; and Tucker-Lewis index [TLI] = 0.98). Evidence of reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.83) was observed and there were positive correlations with negative affect (r = 0.36) and negative correlations with positive affect and self-esteem (r = -0.15; r = -0.41, respectively). Conclusion The Brazilian version of the INCOM presents satisfactory psychometric parameters and can thus be used to measure social comparison orientation. IowaNetherlands Iowa Netherlands (INCOM settings steps crosscultural cross cultural characteristics translation committee backtranslation. backtranslation back translation. back-translation 1065 065 1,06 performed results twodimensional dimensional loadings 11 Additionally χ2 χ (χ 14845 148 45 148.45 df [df 26 0.001 0001 0 001 RMSEA [RMSEA 0.06 006 06 CFI [CFI 0.99 099 99 TuckerLewis Tucker Lewis TLI [TLI 0.98. 098 0.98 . 98 0.98) Cronbachs Cronbach s 0.83 083 83 0.36 036 36 selfesteem self esteem 0.15 015 15 -0.15 0.41, 041 41 -0.41 respectively. respectively respectively) 106 1,0 1484 14 4 148.4 0.00 000 00 0.0 0.9 09 9 0.8 08 8 0.3 03 3 0.1 01 -0.1 0.41 04 -0.4 10 1, 148. 0. -0. 0.4 -0 -

Abstract Objectives To describe the theoretical procedures employed in the process of cross-cultural adaptation (CCA) for Brazil of the Child Mania Rating Scale - Parent Version (CMRS-P). Methods Seven steps were carried out: (1) translations and synthesis; (2) Committee of Judges-I; (3) grammatical review; (4) Committee of Judges-II; (5) semantic analysis (pre-test); (6) back-translation; and (7) discussion with the authors of the original instrument. Participants were two professional translators, 14 experts, a grammar proofreader, and 21 parents/guardians, representatives of the target population. The results were analyzed in terms of the percentage of agreement between evaluators and the content validity coefficient (CVC) and by analysis of comments and suggestions. Results Grammatical and cultural adjustments were made, in addition to substitution and/or inclusion of words and examples. Adequacy agreement indexes exceeding 86% were achieved and the CVC result for the total scale was excellent (0.95). The pre-test indicated good acceptance and understanding by participants. Conclusion The proposed version proved to be promising for use in the Brazilian context, although further psychometric studies are still needed to prove the scale’s validity and reliability. crosscultural cross CCA (CCA CMRSP. CMRSP CMRS P . (CMRS-P) out 1 (1 synthesis 2 (2 JudgesI Judges I Judges-I 3 (3 review 4 (4 JudgesII II Judges-II 5 (5 pretest pre test (pre-test) 6 (6 backtranslation back translation back-translation 7 (7 instrument translators experts proofreader parentsguardians parents guardians parents/guardians population (CVC suggestions made andor or examples 86 0.95. 095 0.95 0 95 (0.95) participants context scales s reliability (CMRS-P ( (pre-test 8 09 0.9 9 (0.95 0. (0.9 (0. (0

Resumo Fumar representa 24% das mortes na população geral, sendo o fator que explica o maior número de anos de vida perdidos. É importante compreender as expectativas relacionadas ao comportamento de fumar. O presente estudo teve por objetivo validar o instrumento Short Form of the Smoking Consequences Questionnaire (S-SCQ) para uma versão brasileira. Após o processo de adaptação semântica para o idioma e o contexto nacional, o S-SCQ foi aplicado numa amostra de 129 pessoas. No passo seguinte, foram realizadas análises psicométricas para o conjunto de 21 itens. Os dados foram submetidos à prova de validade de construto por meio de Análise Fatorial Exploratória, com tratamento “pairwise” para casos omissos. Para proceder a Análise Fatorial se utilizou inicialmente o método da Análise dos Componentes Principais (ACP). Após, foi feita a Fatoração dos Eixos Principais (FEP) utilizando rotação Varimax com normalização de Kaiser. A fidedignidade da escala total (com 21 itens) apresentou índice alfa de Cronbach 0,851 e Lambda 2 de Gutmann 0,870. Índices bastante satisfatórios foram observados também nas subescalas. No mesmo sentido, os valores de correlação item-total também confirmaram os bons índices de fidedignidade da escala.

Abstract Smoking accounts for 24% of deaths in the general population and is also the factor that explains the biggest amount of years of life lost. It is important to understand the expectations regarding smoking behavior. The present study aimed to validate the Short Form of the Smoking Consequences Questionnaire (S-SCQ) for a Brazilian version. The Researchers did the process of semantic adaptation to language and national context. The S-SCQ was applied in a sample of 129 people. The next step was to perform psychometric analyses for the set of 21 items. Exploratory Factor Analysis, with pairwise treatment for missing cases, was used to achieve construct validity. To carry out Factor Analysis, the method of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used initially. Afterwards, Principal Axis Factoring (PAF) using Varimax rotation with Kaiser normalization was applied. The reliability of the total scale (21 items) showed a Cronbach alpha index of 0.851 and a 0.870 Lambda2 of Gutmann. Quite satisfactory rates were also observed in the subscales. Similarly, the item-overall correlation values also confirmed the scale’s good reliability indices.

Resumo Fumar representa 24% das mortes na população geral, sendo o fator que explica o maior número de anos de vida perdidos. É importante compreender as expectativas relacionadas ao comportamento de fumar. O presente estudo teve por objetivo validar o instrumento Short Form of the Smoking Consequences Questionnaire (S-SCQ) para uma versão brasileira. Após o processo de adaptação semântica para o idioma e o contexto nacional, o S-SCQ foi aplicado numa amostra de 129 pessoas. No passo seguinte, foram realizadas análises psicométricas para o conjunto de 21 itens. Os dados foram submetidos à prova de validade de construto por meio de Análise Fatorial Exploratória, com tratamento “pairwise” para casos omissos. Para proceder a Análise Fatorial se utilizou inicialmente o método da Análise dos Componentes Principais (ACP). Após, foi feita a Fatoração dos Eixos Principais (FEP) utilizando rotação Varimax com normalização de Kaiser. A fidedignidade da escala total (com 21 itens) apresentou índice alfa de Cronbach 0,851 e Lambda 2 de Gutmann 0,870. Índices bastante satisfatórios foram observados também nas subescalas. No mesmo sentido, os valores de correlação item-total também confirmaram os bons índices de fidedignidade da escala.

Abstract Smoking accounts for 24% of deaths in the general population and is also the factor that explains the biggest amount of years of life lost. It is important to understand the expectations regarding smoking behavior. The present study aimed to validate the Short Form of the Smoking Consequences Questionnaire (S-SCQ) for a Brazilian version. The Researchers did the process of semantic adaptation to language and national context. The S-SCQ was applied in a sample of 129 people. The next step was to perform psychometric analyses for the set of 21 items. Exploratory Factor Analysis, with pairwise treatment for missing cases, was used to achieve construct validity. To carry out Factor Analysis, the method of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used initially. Afterwards, Principal Axis Factoring (PAF) using Varimax rotation with Kaiser normalization was applied. The reliability of the total scale (21 items) showed a Cronbach alpha index of 0.851 and a 0.870 Lambda2 of Gutmann. Quite satisfactory rates were also observed in the subscales. Similarly, the item-overall correlation values also confirmed the scale’s good reliability indices.

Este trabalho visou analisar a pontuação dos subtestes Semelhanças, Vocabulário e Compreensão do WISC-III, tendo em vista que podem envolver maior subjetividade do avaliador. Participaram do estudo 42 psicólogos de diferentes Estados do Brasil, os quais corrigiram as respostas de 6 protocolos do teste selecionados aleatoriamente da amostra de padronização ao contexto brasileiro. Tomando-se como referência os escores totais, o subteste Vocabulário apresentou maior variabilidade nas pontuações, seguido por Compreensão. Considerando-se o total de itens analisados em cada subteste, Semelhanças apresentou a maior concordância entre os avaliadores. Entretanto, os resultados evidenciaram que os três subtestes envolvem a subjetividade do avaliador na pontuação das respostas.

In all psychological tests, scoring should be of concern for examiners because the accuracy of results depends, at some extent, on the quality of the correction. This work aims to examine the correction, by different psychologists, of the scores for the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-III) subtests of Similarities, Vocabulary and Comprehension since these are the subtests where examiner's subjectivity seemingly most influences scoring. Forty two psychologists from different states in Brazil participated in this study. They corrected the answers of six test protocols randomly selected from a standardization sample for the Brazilian context. Taking as reference the total scores, the Vocabulary subtest showed greater variability in score, followed by the Comprehension one. Considering the total number of items tested in each subtest, Similarities had the highest agreement among raters. The results showed that all the three subtests involve subjectivity on behalf of the examiner to score the answers. Continuing in this study, we also aim to determine test reliability based on interrater agreement.