ABSTRACT. The Spodoptera frugiperda, is one of the most deleterious pests of popcorn and the identification of resistant genotypes is determinant in breeding programs. The objective of this study was to select popcorn genotypes resistant to S. frugiperda and the key traits related to the identification of resistance. The popcorn varieties UEM J1, Composto Márcia, Arachida, Composto Gaúcho, and Zapalote Chico (resistant check) were evaluated in a completely randomized design with 100 replications. The experimental unit consisted of one Petri dish, containing plant material and a caterpillar The following traits were evaluated: larval stage duration (LSt), food intake weight(IW), final larva weight (FW), mean larva weight (MW), feces (F), assimilated (A) and metabolized food weight (M), relative consumption rate (RCR), relative metabolic rate (RMR), relative growth rate (RGR), conversion efficiency of ingested food (CEI), apparent digestibility (AD), conversion efficiency of digested food (CED), and leaf area consumed (LAC). The diagnosis of multicollinearity, analysis of canonical variables, genetic divergence, hierarchical clustering, factor analysis and canonical correspondence analysis were carried out to perform multivariate analysis. After the multicollinearity test, the traits FW, IW, RCR, AD, and LAC were maintained for further analysis. The traits IW, FW and AD were determinant in the resistance by antixenosis expressed by the varieties Zapalote Chico and Arachida, for the varieties Composto Gaúcho and Composto Márcia the determining characteristics were RCR and LAC and for the variety UEM J1 the variable LAC showed greater importance. Variety Arachida was considered resistant to S. frugiperda by antixenosis and can be used in the future as a source of favorable alleles to breed resistant popcorn hybrids. The traits relative consumption rate, apparent digestibility and leaf area consumed were considered key traits in the identification of resistance against S. frugiperda in popcorn genotypes. ABSTRACT programs S J check 10 replications dish LSt, LSt , (LSt) weightIW, weightIW IW weight(IW) (FW) MW, MW (MW) F, F (F) A (A M, M (M) (RCR) RMR, RMR (RMR) RGR, RGR (RGR) CEI, CEI (CEI) (AD) CED, CED (CED) LAC. . (LAC) variables divergence clustering test importance hybrids 1 (LSt weight(IW (FW (MW (F (M (RCR (RMR (RGR (CEI (AD (CED (LAC

Chromone derivatives exhibiting high absorbance values in the UVA/UVB region were synthesized, and their photoprotective properties were evaluated. Chromones were prepared according to known literature procedures and characterized by high resolution mass spectrometry, infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The in vitro solar protection factor (SPF) was determined by the Mansur method and cytotoxicity was evaluated using the sulforhodamine B assay. Two of the chromones synthesized demonstrated suitable SPF values and displayed no cytotoxic effect towards MRC-5 human fibroblasts at the tested concentrations, indicating great potential for future in vivo assays and clinical trials. Finally, the lead compound was incorporated into a nanoemulsion. Nanoemulsions showed high droplet size homogeneity and excellent stability. Chromones bearing methoxy substituents were found to be the most promising compounds with ideal photoprotective properties desirable for utilization and incorporation in sunscreen formulations.

ABSTRACT The excessive sun exposure, coupled with lack of sun protection represents one of the biggest risks to the occurrence of skin cancer and photoaging. Recent strategies for photoprotection have included the incorporation of natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds, into sunscreens, and the oral administration of natural antioxidant extracts. In this work, we use Brazilian red propolis extract because its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The aim of this work was to evaluate the sun protection factor and antioxidant activity of different hydroalcoholic extracts of red propolis (70% and 75%) prepared from lyophilized red propolis at room and high temperatures. The sun protection factor in vitro was determined by a spectrophotometric method developed by Mansur. The hydroalcoholic extracts of red propolis incorporated with Filter UVA-UVB 5% Gel Permulem TR-1 presented absorption in the UVB region. Also, the in vitro capacity of the hydroalcoholic extracts of red propolis to increase photoprotective activity of Filter UVA-UVB 5% Gel was evaluated. The hydroalcoholic extracts of red propolis incorporated presented higher values of sun protection factor and showed synergism in the photoprotective activity of Filter UVA-UVB 5% Gel Permulem TR-1. The antioxidant activity and sun protection factor are correlated with total phenolics content of the extracts and the hydroalcoholic extract of red propolis 75% at room temperature was choosen. The formulation developed with Filter UVA-UVB 5% Gel Permulem TR-1 with this hydroalcoholic extract of red propolis showed safe to be applied on the skin according HET-CAM test. Suggests indication of hydroalcoholic extract of red propolis (75% – room temperature) associated to photoprotective formulations for use in photoprotective products.