ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the association between neck circumference (NC) measured during pregnancy and markers of glucose metabolism measured 2-6 months postpartum in women with overweight/obesity with and without gestational diabetes (GDM). Subjects and methods: This prospective study enrolled 100 pregnant women (including 50 with GDM) with pregestational body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg and < 40 kg/m². The cohort was stratified according to NC tertiles during pregnancy. Glucose metabolism was assessed in the postpartum period. The association between NC during pregnancy and markers of glucose metabolism postpartum was tested using linear regression analysis. Results: Participants with NC in the third tertile, compared with those with NC in the second and first tertiles, had higher levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c; 5.6 ± 0.4% versus 5.4 ± 0.3% versus 5.3 ± 0.2%, respectively, p = 0.006), fasting insulin (13.2 ± 6.6 µIU/mL versus 11.1 ± 5.8 µIU/mL versus 9.5 ± 4.9 µIU/mL, respectively, p = 0.035), homeostasis model for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR; 3.1 ± 1.7 versus 2.5 ± 1.3 versus 2.1 ± 1.2, respectively, p = 0.035) and triglyceride-glucose index (TyG; 4.6 ± 0.2 versus 4.5 ± 0.2 versus 4.5 ± 0.3, respectively, p = 0.010). In crude linear regression analysis, NC measured during pregnancy was significantly associated with levels of fasting plasma glucose, 2-hour glucose, HbA1c, log HOMA-IR, and TyG index. The association remained after adjustment for age, family history of diabetes, and number of pregnancies. When adjusted for pregestational BMI and gestational weight gain, NC remained independently associated with fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c levels. Conclusion: The NC measured during pregnancy was positively associated with worse glucose metabolic profile in the postpartum among women with obesity/overweight with and without GDM. The NC measurement may be a feasible tool for early identification of women at a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Objective (NC 26 6 2- overweightobesity overweight obesity GDM . (GDM) methods 10 including 5 (BMI 4 kgm² kgm m² m kg/m² period analysis Results tertile HbAc HbA c (HbA1c 56 5. 04 0 0.4 54 03 3 0.3 53 02 0.2% respectively 0.006, 0006 0.006 , 006 0.006) 13.2 132 13 (13. 66 6. µIUmL µIU mL 111 11 1 11. 58 8 95 9 9. 49 4. 0.035, 0035 0.035 035 HOMAIR HOMA IR (HOMA-IR 31 3. 17 7 1. 2. 21 12 1.2 triglycerideglucose triglyceride (TyG 46 0. 45 0.010. 0010 0.010 010 0.010) 2hour hour HOMAIR, IR, HOMA-IR age pregnancies gain Conclusion obesityoverweight mellitus (GDM kg/m 000 0.00 00 13. (13 003 0.03 001 0.01 01 0.0 (1 (

Resumo: O artigo analisa como os afrorreligiosos construíram estratégias de positivação da alimentação tradicional dos terreiros na cena pública para assegurar seus modos de vida. Os dados etnográficos foram construídos junto, especialmente, aos membros do Fórum Nacional de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional dos Povos Tradicionais de Matriz Africana (Fonsanpotma) e do Grupo de Estudos Braulio Goffman (GEBG), entre 2014 e 2018. Nosso objetivo foi compreender como os interlocutores produziram uma agenda nacional em defesa do “abate religioso” nos terreiros antes do julgamento do Supremo Tribunal Federal. O trabalho conclui que é com base na defesa ao direito da alimentação tradicional que os afrorreligiosos criaram estratégias de enfrentamento ao racismo religioso e de reivindicações direitos tendo por referência à legislação internacional de direitos humanos.

Abstract: The paper analyses how Afro-religious have built strategies to value traditional eating habits of “terreiros” (cult house) on the public scene to ensure their ways of life. The ethnographic data were constructed in cooperation with members of the National Food and Nutritional Security Forum of Traditional African Matrix Peoples and the Braulio Goffman Study Group, between 2014 and 2018. Our goal was to understand how they created a national agenda for the “religious slaughter” on cult houses before the trial on the Supreme Federal Court. The work concludes that, starting on the defense of the right to traditional nutrition, the Afro-religious established strategies to fight religious racism and the vindication of rights having as reference the international human rights legislation.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the association of neck circumference (NC) with gestational diabetes (GDM) and adverse outcomes in women with overweight and obesity. Subjects and methods: This prospective study included 132 (BMI > 25 kg/m2) pregnant women without and with GDM. Standardized questionnaire and biochemical/physical evaluation were performed during the 1st to 3rd trimester. Fifth-five women were evaluated regarding hypertension in pregnancy, type of delivery and neonatal complications (death, intensive care unit admission and hypoglycemia). Results: Women with (n = 61) and without (n = 71) GDM had similar mean (SD) pre-gestational BMI [30.3 (4.0) vs. 29.4 (3.5) kg/m2, p = 0.16]. Women with GDM were older [32 (6) vs. 28 (6) yrs, p < 0.001] and had greater NC [36.0 (2.7) vs. 34.5 (1.8) cm, p < 0.001]. NC was similar in women with GDM diagnosed in first or third trimester [p = 0.4] and was correlated with FPG [r 0.29, p = 0.01] and systolic [r 0.28, p = 0.001] and diastolic [r 0.25, p = 0.004] blood pressure. NC was associated with GDM [OR 1.25, 95%CI 1.03-1.52] adjusted for age, physical activity, education and familiar history of diabetes. In ROC analysis, the area under the curve was 0.655 and the cut-off value of 34.5 cm had 0.70 of sensitivity and 0.51 of specificity for GDM. Women who had NC ≥ 34.5 vs. < 34.5 cm had higher frequencies of hypertension [32.3 vs. 4.2%, p = 0.01]. Conclusions: In a group of pregnant women with overweight or obesity, NC can be a useful tool for identifying risk of GDM and obstetric adverse outcomes.

RESUMO Analisamos as violências cometidas por grupos armados contra religiosos de matriz africana na Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro (RMRJ). A partir de um levantamento realizado na mídia, percebeu-se que, em menos de 15 anos, esses conflitos deixaram de ser um problema das relações de proximidade e passaram a envolver confrontos pela hegemonia armada sobre espaços populares, controlados por traficantes e/ou milicianos, que se apresentam como membros de igrejas pentecostais. Evidencia-se que a governança criminal operada pelos “traficrentes” e “milicrentes” misturam imperativos comerciais, teológicos e doutrinários com um projeto político de nação que impacta diretamente os modos de vida das populações, em especial os afrorreligiosos.

ABSTRACT In this article we analyze acts of violence inflicted by armed groups on members of Afro-Brazilian religions in the Metropolitan Area of Rio de Janeiro. Based on a media content survey, it was found that in less than 15 years these conflicts ceased to derive from proximity relations and evolved to confrontations over armed hegemony of popular spaces, controlled by drug traffickers and/or militia, who present themselves as members of Pentecostal churches. The criminal governance operated by “traficrentes” and “milicrentes” combines commercial, theological, and doctrinal imperatives with a political project of nation that directly impacts peoples’ ways of life, especially the followers of Afro-Brazilian religions.

Resumo Cultivo in vitro é uma técnica de grande aplicabilidade para micropropagação. Porém, cada espécie tem uma necessidade mineral mais adequada para o seu cultivo. O objetivo foi verificar os impactos da solução salina do meio de cultivo no desempenho do aparato fotossintético e crescimento de Bromelia antiacantha durante o cultivo in vitro, e dessa forma, elucidar a mitigação do desbalanço nutricional que poderia interferir na cadeia de transporte de elétrons nas plantas. Plântulas foram cultivadas em um gradiente de concentração do meio MS (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% ou 100%). Foram analisadas as variáveis de crescimento e a fluorescência da clorofila a. Concentrações intermediárias de sais do meio MS resultaram em plantas com maior número de folhas e comprimento de raiz. As curvas OJIP e a análise do teste JIP mostraram que as plantas cultivadas na ausência dos sais MS apresentaram menor eficiência do fotossistema II (FSII), como evidenciado por meio do índice de performance [Pi(total)]. Contrariamente, concentrações intermediárias (MS 25% e 50%) atuaram positivamente na performance do aparato fotossintético. O meio MS 25% pode ser utilizado para o cultivo in vitro de B. antiacantha, possibilitando o desenvolvimento de plantas com qualidades fisiológicas adequadas para o cultivo.

Abstract In vitro cultivation is a technique with wide application for micropropagation. However, each species has specific mineral needs for this type of cultivation. The objective was to assess the impacts of the saline solution culture medium on the performance of the photosynthetic apparatus and growth of Bromelia antiacantha during in vitro cultivation, and thus to elucidate the mitigation of the nutritional imbalance that can interfere in the electron transport in the plants. Plants were cultivated in a salt concentration gradient of MS medium (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% or 100%). The growth traits and fluorescence a chlorophyll were analyzed. Intermediate concentrations of MS medium resulted in plants with a larger number of leaves and longer root length. The OJIP curves and results of the JIP test showed that the plants grown without MS salts presented less efficient photosystem II (PSII), as indicated by the performance index [Pi(total)]. In contrast, the intermediate concentrations (MS 25% and 50%) had a positive effect on the performance of the photosynthetic apparatus. The MS 25% medium can be used for in vitro cultivation of B. antiacantha, enabling the development of plants with suitable physiological qualities for planting in the field.

Resumo O artigo pretende problematizar como a regulamentação das cotas raciais - positiva como política pública de ação afirmativa ao reconhecer o racismo como estruturante das desigualdades no país - tem se revelado uma tecnologia social fundada na suspeição sistemática, gerando insegurança jurídica nas avaliações dos “pardos”, assim como o ressurgimento de critérios fenotípicos, procedimentos considerados legítimos para assegurar o direito a vaga na universidade pública, podendo resultar em um não-lugar para negros de pele clara. As análises baseiam-se nos procedimentos da Universidade Federal Fluminense durante a matrícula de aprovados no SISU em 2018 para cumprir a Lei nº. 12.990/2014 e Orientação Normativa nº 3, de 01/2016, do Ministério do Planejamento, Desenvolvimento e Gestão que instituíram a obrigatoriedade de comissões de aferição de candidatos autodeclarados negros e indígenas.

Abstract The article reflects the procedures of Universidade Federal Fluminense during the registration of approved students by SISU in 2018. In compliance with law nº. 12990/2014 e Orientação Normativa nº 3, de 01/08/2016, do Ministério do Planejamento, Desenvolvimento e Gestão instituting mandatory commissions for the assessment of self-declared black and indigenous candidates, we conducted one of these examining boards. Reserving vacancies in competitions is a historical demand of black movements, creating public policies of affirmative action. It is intended to problematize how the regulation of racial quotas is positive as a public policy because it recognizes racism as structuring inequalities in Brazil. However, this proves to be a social technology based on systematic suspicion, generating legal insecurity in the evaluations of “pardos”, as well as the resurgence of phenotypic criteria, procedures considered legitimate to ensure the right to vacancy at public universities, which may result in a non-place for light-skinned blacks.

RESUMO A entrevista com a antropóloga Jacqueline Muniz tem o objetivo de explicitar os conflitos institucionais que envolvem o 'Poder de Guerra' frente ao 'Poder de Polícia' estabelecidos pela intervenção federal no estado do Rio de Janeiro, a ausência de protocolos de utilização do uso legal e legítimo da força e os efeitos que a administração pacífica ou violenta, institucional ou informal, dos conflitos têm para a sociedade. O texto é resultado de um processo de bricolagem que uniu transcrições de partes de entrevistas concedidas por Jacqueline Muniz a emissoras de TV e jornais impressos. As transcrições utilizadas têm o sentido de depreender a densidade (GEERTZ, 2008) dos temas relativos às demandas da população, como também a de intervir o mínimo possível entre a entrevistada e o público. Nestes termos, do ponto de vista metodológico, o pensamento antropológico guiou a escrita jornalística, no sentido de que a informação seja compreensível, a partir de dados que me afetam e mobilizam (CEFAÏ, 2011), como cidadã, mulher e companheira das lutas por uma sociedade mais justa, diversa e equânime.

ABSTRACT Jacqueline Muniz's interview aims to explain institutional conflicts involving 'War Power' in the face of 'Police Power' which took place through the federal intervention at Rio de Janeiro State. It also approaches the absence of protocols to define legal and legitimate use of force as well as the social effects of conflict administration in a peaceful or violent, institutional or informal manner. This text is the result of a bricolage process, which unites excerpts of different interviews with Jacqueline Muniz to TV networks and newspapers. These transcripts comprehend meaning and density (GEERTZ, 2008) of a number of subjects related to the population's demands, and also intent to intervene as little as possible between the person interviewed and the reader. From a methodological point of view, anthropological thought has guided the journalistic writing so the information is understandable, emerging from data which affect and mobilize the author (CEFAÏ, 2011) as a citizen, a woman and part of the struggle for a more just, diverse and equal society.

OBJETIVO: comparar as medidas do comprimento da cérvice e afunilamento, obtidas por ultra-sonografia transvaginal bidimensional e tridimensional na gestação. MÉTODOS: estudo descritivo, prospectivo, com comparação de grupos realizado no período de abril de 2004 a fevereiro de 2005. Foram incluídas 74 gestantes com idade gestacional entre a 19ª e a 24ª semana, independente da presença ou não de fatores de risco para parto prematuro. O exame ultra-sonográfico da cérvice foi efetuado uma única vez na mesma paciente e por único observador. As medidas aferidas por ultra-sonografia bidimensional foram feitas no momento da realização dos exames, e pela tridimensional, com intervalo de 7 a 15 dias do exame bidimensional. A medição do comprimento da cérvice, diâmetro e comprimento do funil cervical foi realizada por ultra-sonografia bidimensional no plano sagital e tridimensional nos planos sagital e coronal. Para testar a diferença estatística entre os resultados médios das medidas do comprimento cervical obtidas nos exames bi e tridimensional, foi utilizado o teste t pareado. Também foi calculado para essas medidas o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson. RESULTADOS: objetivando-se determinar associação linear entre elas encontramos diferença significante entre as medidas aferidas no plano sagital por meio da ultra-sonografia bidimensional e plano coronal da USG 3D (p=0,009), e na ultra-sonografia tridimensional entre os cortes sagital e coronal (p=0,001), sendo as médias das medidas do comprimento cervical (±desvio padrão) de 3,9±0,92c; 4,1±0,97 e 3,9±0,88 cm, respectivamente. O número de afunilamento em nossa casuística foi de 9/74 exames (12,1%). As ultra-sonogafias bi- e tridimensional visualizaram o mesmo número de afunilamento (8/9). Na ultra-sonografia tridimensional, o corte coronal detectou número maior de funil cervical que o corte sagital (8/9). Não houve diferença significativa entre as médias das medidas do comprimento do colo aferidas por ultra-sonografia bidimensional e tridimensional no plano sagital (p=0,23), entretanto houve diferença entre as médias das medidas da cérvice mensuradas por ultra-sonografia bidimensional no corte sagital e tridimensional no coronal (p=0,009), e na ultra-sonografia tridimensional entre os planos sagital e coronal (p=0,001). Os exames bidimensional e tridimensional visualizaram o mesmo número de funil cervical, demonstrando concordância entre os métodos (teste kappa=0,86). Na comparação das médias das medidas do afunilamento, não houve diferença estatística (p>0,05). CONCLUSÃO: existem diferenças entre as medidas do comprimento cervical, obtidas por ultra-sonografia bidimensional e tridimensional, testando o plano coronal do exame tridimensional.

PURPOSE: to compare the uterine cervix measurements and funneling obtained by two- and three-dimensional transvaginal sonography during pregnancy. METHODS: a prospective, descriptive study, with group comparison, was carried out between April 2004 and February 2005 in 74 pregnant women, who were between the 19th and 24th week of pregnancy, regardless of risk factors for premature delivery. The ultrasound examination of the cervix was carried out only once in the same patient and by only one observer. The measurements of the cervix by two-dimensional ultrasound were made at the time of the test and by three-dimensional ultrasound at intervals of 7 to 15 days after the two-dimensional ultrasound. The measurements of cervical length, funnel width and length were taken by two-dimensional ultrasound in the sagittal plane and by three-dimensional in the sagittal plane as well as in coronal plane. RESULTS: there was no significant difference between the averages of the measurements of the cervix obtained by two- and three-dimensional ultrasound in the sagittal plane (p=0.23); however, there was a difference in the averages of the measurements of the cervix obtained by two-dimensional ultrasound in sagittal plane and three-dimensional ultrasound in the coronal plane (p=0.009) and between three-dimensional ultrasound in the sagittal and coronal planes (p=0.001). The kappa test (0.86) showed no superiority of either the two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasound in the visualization of the cervical funnel. No statistically significant difference was observed between the methods when the average of the measurements of funneling was compared (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: there were differences between two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasound of cervical length, only using the coronal plane of the three-dimensional ultrasound.

OBJETIVOS: Comparar a capacidade funcional cardiorrespiratória no exercício, representada pelos índices de limitação funcional, consumo máximo de oxigênio (VO2máx) e limiar anaeróbico, em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca congestiva (ICC) de diferentes faixas etárias, e comparar as respostas cardiopulmonares ao exercício máximo. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 54 pacientes com ICC, agrupados por faixa etária, como segue: grupo I - idade entre trinta e 39 anos (n = 12); grupo II - idade entre quarenta e 49 anos (n = 18); grupo III - idade entre cinqüenta e 59 anos (n = 17); grupo IV - idade igual ou maior que sessenta anos (n = 7). Os pacientes foram submetidos a um teste cardiopulmonar máximo, em esteira rolante. Para a comparação entre os diferentes grupos etários foi realizada uma análise de variância com um fator. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença significante dos valores obtidos de consumo máximo de oxigênio e de limiar anaeróbico entre os grupos etários, bem como dos valores máximos das variáveis produção de dióxido de carbono, pulso de oxigênio, razão de trocas gasosas, ventilação pulmonar, equivalentes ventilatórios para o oxigênio e para o dióxido de carbono. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados obtidos sugerem que a capacidade funcional cardiorrespiratória no exercício de pacientes com ICC, assim como as variáveis cardiopulmonares obtidas no exercício máximo podem ser afetadas de forma semelhante pela doença cardíaca em todas as faixas etárias estudadas.

OBJECTIVES: This paper aims at comparing cardiorespiratory functional capacity during exercise - represented by indicators of functional limitation, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), and anaerobic threshold - plus cardiopulmonary responses to maximal exercise in congestive heart failure (CHF) patients belonging to different age groups. METHODS: Fifty-four CHF patients, stratified by age group, were evaluated as follows: group I - 30 to 39 years (n = 12); group II - 40 to 49 years (n = 18); group III - 50 to 59 years (n = 17); and group IV - 60 years and above (n = 7). All patients underwent maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) on treadmills. A single-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to compare different age groups. RESULTS: No significant differences were found in maximal oxygen uptake and anaerobic threshold among the age groups, nor in maximal values for carbon dioxide production, oxygen pulse, respiratory exchange ratio, pulmonary ventilation, and ventilatory equivalents for oxygen and carbon dioxide. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that cardiorespiratory functional capacity during exercise in patients with CHF, as well as cardiopulmonary variables at maximal exercise, may be similarly affected by the heart disease in all studied age groups.

Total generalized lipodystrophy (Berardinelli--Seip Syndrome) is a rare hereditary disease characterized by insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus and a small quantity of adipose tissue and is of unknown origin. Common cardiovascular alterations related to this syndrome are cardiac hypertrophy and arterial hypertension. This article reports a case of Berardinelli--Seip syndrome and reviews the literature with special emphasis on the cardiovascular manifestations of this syndrome.