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1.
Clinical outcomes prediction in kidney transplantation by use of biomarkers from hypothermic machine perfusion
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Leite, Ricardo Ribas de Almeida
; Leite Jr, Maurilo
; Einicker-Lamas, Marcelo
; Valverde, Rafael Hospodar Felippe
; Miranda, Luiz Carlos Duarte
; Schanaider, Alberto
.
ABSTRACT Purpose The clinical outcomes of kidney transplantation from deceased donors have seen significant improvements with the use of machine perfusion (MP), now a standard practice in transplant centers. However, the use of perfusate biomarkers for assessing organ quality remains a subject of debate. Despite this, some centers incorporate them into their decision-making process for donor kidney acceptance. Recent studies have indicated that lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glutathione S-transferase, interleukin-18, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) could predict post-transplant outcomes. Materials and Methods Between August 2016 and June 2017, 31 deceased-donor after brain death were included and stroke was the main cause of death. Pediatric patients, hypersensitized recipients were excluded. 43 kidneys were subjected to machine perfusion. Perfusate samples were collected just before the transplantation and stored at -80ºC. Kidney transplant recipients have an average age of 52 years, 34,9% female, with a BMI 24,6±3,7. We employed receiver operating characteristic analysis to investigate associations between these perfusate biomarkers and two key clinical outcomes: delayed graft function and primary non-function. Results The incidence of delayed graft function was 23.3% and primary non-function was 14%. A strong association was found between NGAL concentration and DGF (AUC=0.766, 95% CI, P=0.012), and between LDH concentration and PNF (AUC=0.84, 95% CI, P=0.027). Other perfusate biomarkers did not show significant correlations with these clinical outcomes. Conclusion The concentrations of NGAL and LDH during machine perfusion could assist transplant physicians in improving the allocation of donated organs and making challenging decisions regarding organ discarding. Further, larger-scale studies are required. MP, MP , (MP) However debate this decisionmaking decision acceptance LDH, (LDH) Stransferase, Stransferase S transferase, transferase S-transferase interleukin18, interleukin18 interleukin 18, 18 interleukin-18 gelatinaseassociated gelatinase associated (NGAL posttransplant post 201 2017 3 deceaseddonor patients excluded 4 80ºC. 80ºC ºC -80ºC 5 years 349 34 9 34,9 female 24637 24 6 7 24,6±3,7 nonfunction. nonfunction non function. 233 23 23.3 14 14% AUC=0.766, AUC0766 AUC 0 766 (AUC=0.766 95 CI P=0.012, P0012 P P=0.012 012 P=0.012) AUC=0.84, AUC084 84 (AUC=0.84 P=0.027. P0027 P=0.027 . 027 P=0.027) discarding Further largerscale larger scale required (MP (LDH interleukin1 1 interleukin-1 20 34, 2463 2 24,6±3, 23. AUC=0.766 AUC076 76 (AUC=0.76 P001 P=0.01 01 AUC=0.84 AUC08 8 (AUC=0.8 P002 P=0.02 02 interleukin- 246 24,6±3 AUC=0.76 AUC07 (AUC=0.7 P00 P=0.0 AUC=0.8 AUC0 (AUC=0. 24,6± AUC=0.7 P0 P=0. AUC=0. (AUC=0 24,6 P=0 AUC=0 (AUC= 24, P= AUC= (AUC
2.
What causes obesity in children and adolescents? adolescents
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Nogueira-de-Almeida, Carlos Alberto
; Weffort, Virginia Resende Silva
; Ued, Fábio da V.
; Ferraz, Ivan S.
; Contini, Andrea A.
; Martinez, Edson Zangiacomi
; Ciampo, Luiz A. Del
.
Abstract Objective To present the different aspects that may be involved in the genesis and maintenance of obesity in children and adolescents. Data source Narrative review of articles published in the PubMed, Scielo, Lilacs, Scopus and Google Scholar databases, using the search terms: overweight, obesity, pre-conception, prenatal, infants, schoolchildren, children, and adolescents. The search was conducted in studies written in Portuguese, English and Spanish, including narrative, integrative or systematic reviews, meta-analyses, cross-sectional, case-control and cohort studies, published between 2003 and 2023. Data synthesis A total of 598 studies were initially screened and 60 of them, which showed the main biopsychosocial aspects related to greater risks of excessive adiposity in the pediatric age, were included in the review. The data were presented taking into account the incidence of risk factors and their consequences in six periods: pre-conception, pre-natal, infant, preschool, school age, and adolescence. Conclusions The causal factors described in the scientific literature that have been shown to be related to obesity in childhood and adolescence are presented. adolescents PubMed Scielo Lilacs databases terms overweight preconception, preconception pre conception, conception pre-conception prenatal infants schoolchildren Portuguese Spanish narrative reviews metaanalyses, metaanalyses meta analyses, analyses meta-analyses crosssectional, crosssectional cross sectional, sectional cross-sectional casecontrol case control 200 2023 59 6 them age periods natal, natal pre-natal infant preschool 20 202 5 2
3.
Comparative analysis of health-related fitness in patients with acute versus chronic Chagas disease
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Almeida, Clara Narcisa Silva
; Vasconcelos, Ariane Cardoso
; Sousa, Caroline da Silva
; Silva, Nivea Thayanne Melo
; Souza, Dilma do Socorro Moraes de
; Carvalho, Carlos Alberto Marques de
; Moraes, Suellen Alessandra Soares de
; Neves, Laura Maria Tomazi
.
Abstract Introduction. Although Chagas disease causes high levels of morbidity, the muscle function and tolerance to physical activity in Chagas disease patients are still not completely understood. Objective. To compare health-related fitness of patient groups with acute Chagas disease versus chronic Chagas disease. Materials and methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 18 patients. The data were obtained from patient's records, and functional capacity was measured with the six-minute walk test, the peripheral muscle strength with handgrip strength, and respiratory muscle strength using the maximum inspiratory pressure and the maximum expiratory pressure. Results. The 18 patients were divided in two groups: acute Chagas disease (n=9) and chronic Chagas disease (n=9). The distance walked in the six-minute walk test was lower than the predicted distance walked in both groups (p < 0.0001). The maximum expiratory pressure was lower than the predicted one (p = 0.005), and statistically significant for chronic Chagas disease patients (p = 0.02). Heart rate increased faster in the chronic Chagas disease group within the first two minutes of the six-minute walk test (p = 0.04). The sixminute walk test in the acute Chagas disease group presented a strong correlation with peripheral muscle strength (p = 0.012) and maximum inspiratory pressure (p = 0.0142), while in the chronic Chagas disease group, only peripheral muscle strength and maximum inspiratory pressure were correlated (p = 0.0259). Conclusion. The results suggest lowered functional capacity and reduced respiratory and peripheral muscle strength in patients with Chagas disease, although no differences were observed between groups. The early increase in heart rate during exercise in the chronic Chagas disease group implies a greater myocardial overload.
Resumen Introducción. Aunque la enfermedad de Chagas causa gran morbilidad, la función muscular y la tolerancia a la actividad física de estos pacientes aún no se comprenden por completo. Objetivos. Comparar el estado físico relacionado con la salud de pacientes con enfermedad de Chagas aguda versus crónica de Chagas. Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio transversal que incluyó 18 pacientes. La información se obtuvo de los registros de los pacientes. La capacidad funcional se evaluó con la prueba de la caminata de seis minutos, se determinó la fuerza de prensión manual para evaluar los músculos periféricos y se estableció la fuerza de los músculos respiratorios mediante presión inspiratoria máxima y la presión espiratoria máxima. Resultados. Se evaluaron 18 pacientes, nueve con enfermedad de Chagas aguda y nueve con enfermedad de Chagas crónica. La distancia recorrida en la prueba de caminata de seis minutos fue menor que la distancia recorrida predicha en ambos grupos (p < 0,0001). La presión espiratoria máxima fue más baja de lo previsto (forma aguda: p = 0,005; forma crónica: p = 0,02). La frecuencia cardíaca aumentó más rápido en el grupo con enfermedad de Chagas crónica dentro de los primeros dos minutos de la caminata (p = 0,04). La distancia recorrida en el grupo con la forma aguda se correlacionó con la fuerza de prensión manual (p = 0,01) y la presión inspiratoria máxima (p = 0,01). En el grupo con la enfermedad crónica, solo hubo correlación entre la fuerza de presión manual y la presión inspiratoria máxima (p = 0,02). Conclusiones. Los resultados sugirieren disminución de la capacidad funcional y de la fuerza muscular respiratoria y periférica, aunque sin diferencias entre ambos grupos. El aumento de la frecuencia cardiaca en el grupo con enfermedad de Chagas crónica sugiere una mayor sobrecarga miocárdica.
4.
Hydrogen peroxide to mitigate the effects of salt stress in the mini watermelon under hydroponic cultivation
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Silva, André Alisson Rodrigues da
; Sousa, Pedro Francisco do Nascimento
; Lima, Geovani Soares de
; Soares, Lauriane Almeida dos Anjos
; Paiva, Francisco Jean da Silva
; Gheyi, Hans Raj
; Azevedo, Carlos Alberto Vieira de
.
ABSTRACT The use of substances that can mitigate the harmful effects of salt stress is a promising alternative for the use of saline water, especially in semi-arid regions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide in mitigating salt stress in the mini watermelon grown in a hydroponic system. The study was carried out in a greenhouse, in an area belonging to the Federal University of Campina Grande, Pombal, Paraíba. The experimental design was completely randomised using a split-plot factorial scheme with four levels of electrical conductivity for the nutrient solution-ECns (2.1, 3.1, 4.1, and 5.1 dS m-1) considered the plots, and four concentrations of hydrogen peroxide-H2O2 (0, 20, 40, and 60 μM) the subplots, with five replications. The foliar application of hydrogen peroxide in concentrations of between 17 and 20 µM mitigated the effects of salt stress on stomatal conductance, the rate of CO2 assimilation, carboxylation efficiency, and carotenoid content in the mini watermelon up to an ECns of 5.1 dS m-1. Foliar application of hydrogen peroxide in concentrations greater than 20 µM intensified the effects of salt stress on gas exchange and the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments in the mini watermelon. Furthermore, there was an increase in electrolyte leakage in the leaf blade. water semiarid semi arid regions system greenhouse Grande Pombal Paraíba splitplot split plot solutionECns solution 2.1, 21 2 1 (2.1 31 3 3.1 41 4 4.1 51 5 5. m1 m m-1 plots peroxideH2O2 peroxideHO H2O2 H O peroxide-H2O 0, 0 (0 40 6 μM subplots replications conductance CO assimilation efficiency m1. 1. Furthermore blade 2.1 (2. 3. 4. m- peroxideH peroxideH2O HO H2O ( 2. (2
5.
Diretrizes Brasileiras de Medidas da Pressão Arterial Dentro e Fora do Consultório – 2023 202 20 2
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Feitosa, Audes Diogenes de Magalhães
; Barroso, Weimar Kunz Sebba
; Mion Junior, Decio
; Nobre, Fernando
; Mota-Gomes, Marco Antonio
; Jardim, Paulo Cesar Brandão Veiga
; Amodeo, Celso
; Oliveira, Adriana Camargo
; Alessi, Alexandre
; Sousa, Ana Luiza Lima
; Brandão, Andréa Araujo
; Pio-Abreu, Andrea
; Sposito, Andrei C.
; Pierin, Angela Maria Geraldo
; Paiva, Annelise Machado Gomes de
; Spinelli, Antonio Carlos de Souza
; Machado, Carlos Alberto
; Poli-de-Figueiredo, Carlos Eduardo
; Rodrigues, Cibele Isaac Saad
; Forjaz, Claudia Lucia de Moraes
; Sampaio, Diogo Pereira Santos
; Barbosa, Eduardo Costa Duarte
; Freitas, Elizabete Viana de
; Cestario, Elizabeth do Espirito Santo
; Muxfeldt, Elizabeth Silaid
; Lima Júnior, Emilton
; Campana, Erika Maria Gonçalves
; Feitosa, Fabiana Gomes Aragão Magalhães
; Consolim-Colombo, Fernanda Marciano
; Almeida, Fernando Antônio de
; Silva, Giovanio Vieira da
; Moreno Júnior, Heitor
; Finimundi, Helius Carlos
; Guimarães, Isabel Cristina Britto
; Gemelli, João Roberto
; Barreto-Filho, José Augusto Soares
; Vilela-Martin, José Fernando
; Ribeiro, José Marcio
; Yugar-Toledo, Juan Carlos
; Magalhães, Lucélia Batista Neves Cunha
; Drager, Luciano F.
; Bortolotto, Luiz Aparecido
; Alves, Marco Antonio de Melo
; Malachias, Marcus Vinícius Bolívar
; Neves, Mario Fritsch Toros
; Santos, Mayara Cedrim
; Dinamarco, Nelson
; Moreira Filho, Osni
; Passarelli Júnior, Oswaldo
; Vitorino, Priscila Valverde de Oliveira
; Miranda, Roberto Dischinger
; Bezerra, Rodrigo
; Pedrosa, Rodrigo Pinto
; Paula, Rogerio Baumgratz de
; Okawa, Rogério Toshiro Passos
; Póvoa, Rui Manuel dos Santos
; Fuchs, Sandra C.
; Lima, Sandro Gonçalves de
; Inuzuka, Sayuri
; Ferreira-Filho, Sebastião Rodrigues
; Fillho, Silvio Hock de Paffer
; Jardim, Thiago de Souza Veiga
; Guimarães Neto, Vanildo da Silva
; Koch, Vera Hermina Kalika
; Gusmão, Waléria Dantas Pereira
; Oigman, Wille
; Nadruz Junior, Wilson
.
6.
Vaccination coverage, delay and loss to follow-up of the triple viral vaccine, in live births between 2017 and 2018 in Brazilian cities coverage followup follow up vaccine 201 20 2
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D’Agostini, Tatiana Lang
; Zambom, Fernanda Florencia Fregnan
; Moraes, José Cássio de
; França, Ana Paula
; Camargo, Jéssica Pires de
; Ribeiro, Manoel Carlos Sampaio de Almeida
; Barata, Rita Barradas
; Silva, Adriana Ilha da
; Ramos Jr., Alberto Novaes
; França, Ana Paula
; Oliveira, Andrea de Nazaré Marvão
; Boing, Antonio Fernando
; Domingues, Carla Magda Allan Santos
; Oliveira, Consuelo Silva de
; Maciel, Ethel Leonor Noia
; Guibu, Ione Aquemi
; Mirabal, Isabelle Ribeiro Barbosa
; Barbosa, Jaqueline Caracas
; Lima, Jaqueline Costa
; Moraes, José Cássio de
; Luhm, Karin Regina
; Caetano, Karlla Antonieta Amorim
; Lima, Luisa Helena de Oliveira
; Antunes, Maria Bernadete de Cerqueira
; Teixeira, Maria da Gloria
; Teixeira, Maria Denise de Castro
; Borges, Maria Fernanda de Sousa Oliveira
; Queiroz, Rejane Christine de Sousa
; Gurgel, Ricardo Queiroz
; Barata, Rita Barradas
; Azevedo, Roberta Nogueira Calandrini de
; Oliveira, Sandra Maria do Valle Leone de
; Teles, Sheila Araújo
; Gama, Silvana Granado Nogueira da
; Mengue, Sotero Serrate
; Simões, Taynãna César
; Nascimento, Valdir
; Araújo, Wildo Navegantes de
.
RESUMO Objetivo Estimar cobertura vacinal, atraso e perda de seguimento da vacina tríplice viral, em crianças até 24 meses residentes em cidades brasileiras. Método Inquérito domiciliar baseado em uma coorte retrospectiva de nascidos vivos em 2017-2018, que analisou cobertura e dados sociodemográficos das crianças e famílias, a partir dos registros da caderneta de vacinação e entrevista. Resultados A cobertura válida da primeira dose foi de 90,0% (IC95% 88,9;91,0), e da segunda, e 81,1% (IC95% 79,8;82,4). O atraso para ambas as doses foi de 23,2% (IC95% 21,9;24,5) e a perda de seguimento de 10,8% (IC95% 9,9;11,8). O estrato socioeconômico A apresentou menor cobertura e, à medida que a ordem de nascimento aumentava, menor era a cobertura para as duas doses. Crianças de mães com 13 a 15 anos de escolaridade apresentaram maior cobertura. Conclusão As coberturas não alcançaram a meta preconizada. Estratégias diferenciadas para dirimir dificuldade de acesso, desinformação e hesitação poderão melhorar a cobertura. vacinal viral 2 brasileiras 20172018, 20172018 2017 2018, 2018 2017-2018 famílias entrevista 900 90 0 90,0 IC95% IC95 IC (IC95 88,991,0, 889910 88,9 91,0 , 88 9 91 88,9;91,0) segunda 811 81 1 81,1 79,882,4. 798824 79,8 82,4 . 79 8 82 4 79,8;82,4) 232 23 23,2 21,924,5 219245 21,9 24,5 21 5 21,9;24,5 108 10 10,8 9,911,8. 99118 9,9 11,8 11 9,9;11,8) aumentava preconizada acesso 2017201 201 2017-201 90, IC9 (IC9 991 88,991,0 88991 889 88, 910 91, 88,9;91,0 81, 882 79,882,4 79882 798 79, 824 82, 7 79,8;82,4 23, 924 21,924, 21924 219 21, 245 24, 21,9;24, 10, 911 9,911,8 9911 99 9, 118 11, 9,9;11,8 201720 20 2017-20 (IC 88,991, 8899 88,9;91, 79,882, 7988 79,8;82, 92 21,924 2192 21,9;24 9,911, 9,9;11, 20172 2017-2 88,991 88,9;91 79,882 79,8;82 21,92 21,9;2 9,911 9,9;11 2017- 88,99 88,9;9 79,88 79,8;8 21,9; 9,91 9,9;1 88,9; 79,8; 9,9;
ABSTRACT Objective To estimate measles-mumps-rubella vaccination coverage, delay and loss to follow-up in children up to 24 months old living in Brazilian cities. Methods Surveys and questionnaires with a retrospective cohort of live births in 2017-2018, analyzing vaccination coverage and sociodemographic data of children and families, based on vaccination card records and interviews. Results Valid coverage of first dose was 90.0% (95%CI 88.9;91.0) and 81.1% for the second dose (95%CI 79.8;82.4). Delay for both doses was 23.2% (95%CI 21.9;24.5) and loss to follow-up was 10.8% (95%CI 9.9;11.8). Socioeconomic stratum A had the lowest vaccination coverage and the higher the child’s birth order, the lower the vaccination coverage for the second dose. Children whose mothers had 13 to 15 years of education had higher vaccination coverage. Conclusion Coverage did not meet the recommended target. Differentiated strategies to resolve difficulties in access, misinformation, and vaccination hesitancy will help improve vaccination coverage. measlesmumpsrubella measles mumps rubella followup follow 2 cities 20172018, 20172018 2017 2018, 2018 2017-2018 families interviews 900 90 0 90.0 95%CI 95CI CI 95 88.991.0 889910 88.9 91.0 88 9 91 88.9;91.0 811 81 1 81.1 79.882.4. 798824 79.8 82.4 . 79 8 82 4 79.8;82.4) 232 23 23.2 21.924.5 219245 21.9 24.5 21 5 21.9;24.5 108 10 10.8 9.911.8. 99118 9.9 11.8 11 9.9;11.8) childs child s order target access misinformation 2017201 201 2017-201 90. 991 88.991. 88991 889 88. 910 91. 88.9;91. 81. 882 79.882.4 79882 798 79. 824 82. 7 79.8;82.4 23. 924 21.924. 21924 219 21. 245 24. 21.9;24. 10. 911 9.911.8 9911 99 9. 118 11. 9.9;11.8 201720 20 2017-20 88.991 8899 88.9;91 79.882. 7988 79.8;82. 92 21.924 2192 21.9;24 9.911. 9.9;11. 20172 2017-2 88.99 88.9;9 79.882 79.8;82 21.92 21.9;2 9.911 9.9;11 2017- 88.9; 79.88 79.8;8 21.9; 9.91 9.9;1 79.8; 9.9;
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7.
Prediction of the ultimate capacity of reinforced concrete elements using nonlinear analysis methodologies
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Palomo, Ingrid Rocio Irreño
; Martínez, Juan de Jesus
; Benedetty, Carlos Alberto
; Almeida, Luiz Carlos de
; Trautwein, Leandro Mouta
; Krahl, Pablo Augusto
.
Resumo Este trabalho tem como objetivo investigar a capacidade última de elementos em concreto armado em termos de fissuração e perda de rigidez. Uma análise não linear via método dos elementos finitos (MEF) foi realizada no programa ATENA e comparada com uma simulação numérica de análise estática não linear (AENL), onde a fissuração do material é avaliada com base na perda de rigidez tangente dos elementos. As análises foram aplicadas a um pórtico em concreto armado com cargas axiais constantes nos pilares, e carga lateral monotônica aplicada na viga superior. Ambas as metodologias mostraram boa concordância em relação à curva de capacidade e panorama de fissuração, e a simulação numérica AENL permitiu identificar a sequência de perda de rigidez dos elementos. Os resultados indicaram grande semelhança entre a simulação numérica FEM e AENL e ensaio experimental, indicando um alto potencial para prever o comportamento não linear do concreto armado. MEF (MEF AENL, , (AENL) pilares superior experimental (AENL
Abstract This work aims to investigate the ultimate capacity of reinforced concrete elements in terms of cracking and stiffness loss. Nonlinear finite element analysis (NLFEA) was performed in the ATENA software and compared with a proposed numerical simulation of nonlinear static analysis (NLSA), where material cracking is evaluated based on the loss of tangent stiffness of the elements. The analysis was applied to a low-rise reinforced concrete frame with constant axial loads in the columns, and monotonic lateral load applied at the top beam level. Both methodologies showed good agreement regarding the capacity curve and crack patterns, and the numerical simulation NLSA allowed the identification of the sequence of elements' stiffness loss. The results indicated a substantial similarity between the numerical simulation NLFEA and NLSA and the experimental test, indicating a high potential in predicting the nonlinear behavior of reinforced concrete. (NLFEA NLSA, , (NLSA) lowrise low rise columns level patterns test (NLSA
8.
Diretriz Brasileira de Ergometria em População Adulta – 2024 202 20 2
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Carvalho, Tales de
; Freitas, Odilon Gariglio Alvarenga de
; Chalela, William Azem
; Hossri, Carlos Alberto Cordeiro
; Milani, Mauricio
; Buglia, Susimeire
; Precoma, Dalton Bertolim
; Falcão, Andréa Maria Gomes Marinho
; Mastrocola, Luiz Eduardo
; Castro, Iran
; Albuquerque, Pedro Ferreira de
; Coutinho, Ricardo Quental
; Brito, Fabio Sandoli de
; Alves, Josmar de Castro
; Serra, Salvador Manoel
; Santos, Mauro Augusto dos
; Colombo, Clea Simone Sabino de Souza
; Stein, Ricardo
; Herdy, Artur Haddad
; Silveira, Anderson Donelli da
; Castro, Claudia Lucia Barros de
; Silva, Miguel Morita Fernandes da
; Meneghello, Romeu Sergio
; Ritt, Luiz Eduardo Fonteles
; Malafaia, Felipe Lopes
; Marinucci, Leonardo Filipe Benedeti
; Pena, José Luiz Barros
; Almeida, Antônio Eduardo Monteiro de
; Vieira, Marcelo Luiz Campos
; Stier Júnior, Arnaldo Laffitte
.
9.
How can we reduce maternal mortality due to preeclampsia? The 4P rule preeclampsia P
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Korkes, Henri Augusto
; Cavalli, Ricardo Carvalho
; Oliveira, Leandro Gustavo De
; Ramos, José Geraldo Lopes
; Martins Costa, Sérgio Hofmeister de Almeida
; Sousa, Francisco Lázaro Pereira de
; Vieira da Cunha Filho, Edson
; de Souza Mesquita, Maria Rita
; Dias Corrêa Júnior, Mário
; Pinheiro Fernandes Araújo, Ana Cristina
; Zaconeta, Alberto Carlos Moreno
; Freire, Carlos Henrique Esteves
; Poli de Figueiredo, Carlos Eduardo
; Rocha Filho, Edilberto Alves Pereira da
; Sass, Nelson
; Peraçoli, José Carlos
; Costa, Maria Laura
.
Abstract In low and middle-income countries such as Brazil, most maternal deaths are related to hypertensive complications. Preeclampsia is the leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity. Significant proportion is associated with the following factors: lack of identification of high-risk women, lack of adequate prevention, difficulty in maintaining a high-risk prenatal follow-up, delayed diagnosis, insecurity and low use of magnesium sulphate, delayed pregnancy interruption and lack of postpartum follow-up of these high-risk cases. Four major actions are proposed to minimize this alarming clinical picture and reduce the mortality rates due to preeclampsia, called the "4 P Rule" (Adequate Prevention – Vigilant Prenatal Care – Timely Delivery (Parturition) – Safe Postpartum). From this simple "rule" we can open a range of important processes and reminders that may help in the guidance of preeclampsia management. middleincome middle income Brazil complications morbidity factors highrisk high risk women prevention followup, followup follow up, up diagnosis sulphate cases 4 " Rule Adequate Parturition (Parturition Postpartum. Postpartum . Postpartum) rule "rule management
10.
Orthodontic finishing errors detected in board-approved cases: common types and prediction boardapproved board approved cases
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VALLADARES-NETO, José
; NOJIMA, Lincoln Issamu
; LEITE, Heloísio de Rezende
; PITHON, Matheus Melo
; RAMOS, Adilson Luiz
; AIDAR, Luís Antônio de Arruda
; ROCHA, Roberto
; TAVARES, Carlos Alberto Estavanell
; CAPELLI-JR, Jonas
; BRANDÃO, Roberto Carlos Bodart
; BITTENCOURT, Marcos Alan Vieira
; ALMEIDA, Guilherme de Araújo
; MATSUMOTO, Mirian Aiko Nakane
.
RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar as principais falhas de finalização ortodôntica registradas pelo Board Brasileiro de Ortodontia e Ortopedia Facial (BBO) e correlacionar a severidade inicial do caso com a qualidade da finalização ortodôntica. Material e Métodos: Esse estudo transversal unicêntrico coletou dados retrospectivos obtidos durante a Fase II dos exames do BBO, entre 2016 e 2023. A qualidade da finalização ortodôntica foi avaliada pelo Sistema Objetivo de Avaliação (SOA), e a severidade inicial do caso, pelo Índice do Grau de Complexidade (IGC), ambas ferramentas do American Board of Orthodontics. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva, e a análise de correlação entre os escores do SOA e IGC foi calculada (p < 0,05). Resultados: 447 casos ortodônticos foram incluídos. Falhas de finalização ortodôntica foram detectadas em todos os casos. Em média, 15 pontos foram descontados no escore final do SOA. As falhas mais comuns envolveram problemas de alinhamento, inclinação vestibulolingual, e nivelamento das cristas marginais. O escore médio do IGC foi de 22,0 (amplitude: 10,0 - 67,0). Não houve correlação significativa entre os escores de IGC e SOA (p = 0,106). Conclusão: As falhas de finalização ortodôntica são inevitáveis, mesmo em casos aprovados pelo BBO. Rotação, inclinação vestibulolingual excessiva e desníveis nas cristas marginais, nessa ordem, são as áreas que merecem mais atenção. Além disso, a severidade inicial do caso, determinada pelo IGC, não foi considerada um fator determinante na predição da qualidade final do tratamento, embora ela possa impactar o planejamento e representar desafios para os clínicos. BBO (BBO Métodos 201 2023 SOA, , (SOA) (IGC) Orthodontics descritiva p 0,05. 005 0,05 . 0 05 0,05) Resultados 44 incluídos média 1 alinhamento marginais 220 22 22, amplitude (amplitude 100 10 10, 67,0. 670 67,0 67 67,0) 0,106. 0106 0,106 106 0,106) Conclusão inevitáveis Rotação ordem atenção disso tratamento clínicos 20 202 (SOA (IGC 00 0,0 4 2 67, 6 010 0,10 0, 01 0,1
ABSTRACT Objective: To report and rank orthodontic finishing errors recorded in the clinical phase of the Brazilian Board of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (BBO) examination and correlate pretreatment case complexity with orthodontic treatment outcomes. Materials and Methods: This single-center cross-sectional survey collected retrospective data from the clinical phase of BBO examinations between 2016 and 2023. The quality of orthodontic clinical outcomes of each case was assessed by means of the Cast-Radiograph Evaluation (CRE), while case complexity was evaluated using the Discrepancy Index (DI), both tools provided by the American Board of Orthodontics. Survey items were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and a correlation analysis between total CRE and DI scores (p<0.05) was also performed. Results: A total of 447 orthodontic records was included. Orthodontic finishing errors were often observed, and no case was completely perfect. In the total CRE score, an average of 15 points was discounted for each case. Most frequently found issues involved problems with alignment, buccolingual inclination, marginal ridge, and occlusal relationship. The median DI score for initial case complexity was 22.0 (range 10.0 - 67.0). There was no significant correlation between the DI and CRE scores (p=0.106). Conclusion: Orthodontic finishing errors are inevitable, even in well-finished board-approved cases. Rotation, excessive buccolingual inclination, and discrepancies in marginal ridges are the most frequently observed areas of concern, in that order. Moreover, while case complexity, determined by DI, can impact orthodontic planning and pose challenges for clinicians, the study did not consider it a determining factor in predicting treatment outcomes. Objective (BBO Methods singlecenter single center crosssectional cross sectional 201 2023 CastRadiograph Cast Radiograph CRE, , (CRE) (DI) statistics p<0.05 p005 p 0 05 (p<0.05 performed Results 44 included perfect 1 alignment inclination ridge relationship 220 22 22. range 100 10 10. 67.0. 670 67.0 . 67 67.0) p=0.106. p0106 p=0.106 106 (p=0.106) Conclusion inevitable wellfinished well finished boardapproved board approved cases Rotation concern order Moreover clinicians 20 202 (CRE (DI p<0.0 p00 (p<0.0 4 2 67. 6 p010 p=0.10 (p=0.106 p<0. p0 (p<0. p01 p=0.1 (p=0.10 p<0 (p<0 p=0. (p=0.1 p< (p< p=0 (p=0. (p p= (p=0 (p=
11.
Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: Setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil Brasil
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Boeger, Walter A.
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; Becerril, María de los A.M.
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; Caires, Rodrigo A.
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; Padula, Vinícius
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; Silva, Vitor C.P. da
; Piacentini, Vítor de Q.
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; Tomaszewska, Wioletta
; Wosiacki, Wolmar B.
; Ovando, Ximena M.C.
; Leite, Yuri L.R.
.
ABSTRACT The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others. publications problem uptodate up date classifications context exception (CTFB http//fauna.jbrj.gov.br/, httpfaunajbrjgovbr http //fauna.jbrj.gov.br/ , jbrj gov br (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/) 2015 Brazil 80 specialists 1 2024 133691 133 691 133,69 125138 125 138 125,13 82.3%, 823 82 3 (82.3% 102000 102 000 102,00 7.69%, 769 7 69 (7.69% 11000 11 11,00 . 3,567 3567 567 (3,56 2,292 2292 2 292 (2,29 1,833 1833 833 (1,83 1,447 1447 447 (1,44 1000 1,00 831 (83 628 (62 606 (60 520 (52 50 users science health biology law anthropology education others http//fauna.jbrj.gov.br/ faunajbrjgovbr //fauna.jbrj.gov.br (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/ 201 8 202 13369 13 133,6 12513 12 125,1 82.3% (82.3 10200 10 00 102,0 7.69% 76 6 (7.69 1100 11,0 3,56 356 56 (3,5 2,29 229 29 (2,2 1,83 183 83 (1,8 1,44 144 44 (1,4 100 1,0 (8 62 (6 60 52 (5 5 http//fauna.jbrj.gov.br (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br 20 1336 133, 1251 125, 82.3 (82. 1020 0 102, 7.69 (7.6 110 11, 3,5 35 (3, 2,2 22 (2, 1,8 18 (1, 1,4 14 4 ( 82. (82 7.6 (7. 3, (3 2, (2 (1 7. (7
12.
Solubility and pH of calcium hydroxide lining cements
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Resende, Maria Eronileia Araújo
; Almeida, Wanderson Carvalho de
; Furtado, Sissi Adriane Sá
; Falcão, Carlos Alberto Monteiro
; Ferraz, Maria Ângela Arêa Leão
.
RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a solubilidade e o potencial de íons hidrogênio em cimentos forradores à base de hidróxido de cálcio utilizados em odontologia para proteção do complexo dentino-pulpar durante tratamentos reabilitadores. Métodos: Os cimentos avaliados possuem os nomes comerciais Dycal (Dentsply Sirona), Hydcal (Maquira), Hydro C (Dentsply Sirona) e Biocal fotopolimerizável (Biodinâmica). As medidas de solubilidade seguiram as metodologias propostas pelo American National Standards Institute e pela American Dental Association, enquanto o potencial de hidrogênio foi determinado por meio de pHmetro digital. Resultados: A solubilidade não apresentou diferenças significativas individualmente ou entre os grupos. Em relação ao potencial de hidrogênio, os resultados foram os seguintes: Dycal 12.06, Hydcal 12.06, Hydro C 10.5 e Biocal fotopolimerizável 8.48, evidenciando disparidades entre os grupos. Conclusão: Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas na análise descritiva da solubilidade dos cimentos de hidróxido de cálcio testados. Entretanto, a análise descritiva do pH dos cimentos revelou variações estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos. Objetivo dentinopulpar dentino pulpar reabilitadores Métodos Dentsply Sirona, Sirona , Maquira, Maquira (Maquira) Biodinâmica. Biodinâmica . (Biodinâmica) Association digital Resultados grupos seguintes 1206 12 06 12.06 105 10 5 10. 848 8 48 8.48 Conclusão testados Entretanto (Maquira (Biodinâmica 120 1 0 12.0 84 4 8.4 12. 8.
ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the solubility and the potential of hydrogen ions in calcium hydroxide-based lining cements used in dentistry to protect the dentin-pulp complex during rehabilitation treatments. Methods: The evaluated cements bear the commercial names Dycal (Dentsply Sirona), Hydcal (Maquira), Hydro C (Dentsply Sirona), and light-cured Biocal (Biodinâmica). Solubility measurements followed the methodologies proposed by the American National Standards Institute and the American Dental Association, while the potential of hydrogen was determined using a digital pH meter. Results: Solubility exhibited no significant differences either individually or between the groups. Regarding the potential of hydrogen, the results were as follows: Dycal 12.06, Hydcal 12.06, Hydro C 10.5, and light-cured Biocal 8.48, highlighting disparities between the groups. Conclusion: There were no statistically significant differences in the descriptive analysis of the solubility of the tested calcium hydroxide cements. However, the descriptive analysis of the pH of the cements revealed statistically significant variances between the groups. Objective hydroxidebased based dentinpulp dentin pulp treatments Methods Dentsply Sirona, Sirona , Sirona) Maquira, Maquira (Maquira) lightcured light cured Biodinâmica. Biodinâmica . (Biodinâmica) Association meter Results groups follows 1206 12 06 12.06 105 10 5 10.5 848 8 48 8.48 Conclusion However (Maquira (Biodinâmica 120 1 0 12.0 10. 84 4 8.4 12. 8.
13.
Analysis of polio vaccination status in a cohort of live births in 2017 and 2018 in Brazilian cities: a national vaccination coverage survey 201 cities 20 2
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Franco, Alessandra Lucchesi de Menezes Xavier
; França, Ana Paula
; Moraes, José Cássio de
; Ribeiro, Manoel Carlos Sampaio de Almeida
; Silva, Adriana Ilha da
; Ramos Jr., Alberto Novaes
; França, Ana Paula
; Oliveira, Andrea de Nazaré Marvão
; Boing, Antonio Fernando
; Domingues, Carla Magda Allan Santos
; Oliveira, Consuelo Silva de
; Maciel, Ethel Leonor Noia
; Guibu, Ione Aquemi
; Mirabal, Isabelle Ribeiro Barbosa
; Barbosa, Jaqueline Caracas
; Lima, Jaqueline Costa
; Moraes, José Cássio de
; Luhm, Karin Regina
; Caetano, Karlla Antonieta Amorim
; Lima, Luisa Helena de Oliveira
; Antunes, Maria Bernadete de Cerqueira
; Teixeira, Maria da Gloria
; Teixeira, Maria Denise de Castro
; Borges, Maria Fernanda de Sousa Oliveira
; Queiroz, Rejane Christine de Sousa
; Gurgel, Ricardo Queiroz
; Barata, Rita Barradas
; Azevedo, Roberta Nogueira Calandrini de
; Oliveira, Sandra Maria do Valle Leone de
; Teles, Sheila Araújo
; Gama, Silvana Granado Nogueira da
; Mengue, Sotero Serrate
; Simões, Taynãna César
; Nascimento, Valdir
; Araújo, Wildo Navegantes de
.
RESUMO Objetivo Descrever a situação vacinal contra poliomielite em 26 capitais, Distrito Federal e 12 municípios do Brasil, em crianças nascidas em 2017 e 2018. Métodos Inquérito domiciliar de base populacional realizado de 2020 a 2022, em que se avaliou a cobertura vacinal da poliomielite em crianças, considerando doses válidas, aplicadas e oportunas por municípios. Resultados Foram coletados dados de 37.801 crianças. A cobertura vacinal de esquema completo de doses válidas foi de 87,5% (IC95% 86,2;88,7), caindo para 79,6% (IC95% 78,1;81,0), considerando a dose de reforço. A taxa de abandono foi de 4,5% para esquema completo, e de 11,7% no primeiro reforço. Não houve correlação entre a realização de campanha e as elevadas coberturas. Conclusão A cobertura vacinal de esquema completo e no primeiro reforço não atingiu a meta de 95,0%. Diferenças regionais e a associação das coberturas vacinais com indicadores sociais devem ser consideradas nas estratégias de aumento da cobertura. 2 capitais 1 Brasil 201 2018 202 2022 37801 37 801 37.80 875 87 5 87,5 IC95% IC95 IC (IC95 86,288,7, 862887 86,2 88,7 , 86 88 7 86,2;88,7) 796 79 6 79,6 78,181,0, 781810 78,1 81,0 78 81 0 78,1;81,0) 45 4 4,5 117 11 11,7 950 95 95,0% 20 3780 3 80 37.8 8 87, IC9 (IC9 288 86,288,7 86288 862 86, 887 88, 86,2;88,7 79, 181 78,181,0 78181 781 78, 810 81, 78,1;81,0 4, 11, 9 95,0 378 37. (IC 28 86,288, 8628 86,2;88, 18 78,181, 7818 78,1;81, 95, 86,288 86,2;88 78,181 78,1;81 86,28 86,2;8 78,18 78,1;8 86,2; 78,1;
ABSTRACT Objective To describe the polio vaccination status in 26 state capitals, the Federal District, and 12 municipalities in Brazil, among children born between 2017 and 2018. Methods This was a population-based household survey conducted from 2020 to 2022, which assessed polio vaccination coverage in children, considering valid, administered, and timely doses by municipality. Results Data were collected from 37,801 children. Vaccination coverage for the complete valid dose schedule was 87.5% (95%CI 86.2;88.7), dropping to 79.6% (95%CI 78.1;81.0), when the booster dose was considered. The dropout rate was 4.5% for the complete schedule, and 11.7% for the first booster. There was no correlation between campaign implementation and high coverage. Conclusion Vaccination coverage for the complete valid dose schedule and the first booster did not meet the 95.0% target. Regional disparities and the association between vaccination coverage and social indicators should be taken into consideration in strategies to increase coverage. 2 capitals District 1 Brazil 201 2018 populationbased population based 202 2022 administered municipality 37801 37 801 37,80 875 87 5 87.5 95%CI 95CI CI 95 86.288.7, 862887 86.2 88.7 , 86 88 7 86.2;88.7) 796 79 6 79.6 78.181.0, 781810 78.1 81.0 78 81 0 78.1;81.0) considered 45 4 4.5 117 11 11.7 950 95.0 target 20 3780 3 80 37,8 8 87. 9 288 86.288.7 86288 862 86. 887 88. 86.2;88.7 79. 181 78.181.0 78181 781 78. 810 81. 78.1;81.0 4. 11. 95. 378 37, 28 86.288. 8628 86.2;88. 18 78.181. 7818 78.1;81. 86.288 86.2;88 78.181 78.1;81 86.28 86.2;8 78.18 78.1;8 86.2; 78.1;
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14.
[SciELO Preprints] - Brazilian Guidelines for In-office and Out-of-office Blood Pressure Measurement – 2023
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Feitosa, Audes Diógenes de Magalhães
Barroso, Weimar Kunz Sebba
Mion Júnior, Décio
Nobre, Fernando
Mota-Gomes, Marco Antonio
Jardim, Paulo Cesar Brandão Veiga
Amodeo, Celso
Camargo, Adriana
Alessi, Alexandre
Sousa, Ana Luiza Lima
Brandão, Andréa Araujo
Pio-Abreu, Andrea
Sposito, Andrei Carvalho
Pierin, Angela Maria Geraldo
Paiva, Annelise Machado Gomes de
Spinelli, Antonio Carlos de Souza
Machado, Carlos Alberto
Poli-de-Figueiredo, Carlos Eduardo
Rodrigues, Cibele Isaac Saad
Forjaz, Cláudia Lúcia de Moraes
Sampaio, Diogo Pereira Santos
Barbosa, Eduardo Costa Duarte
Freitas, Elizabete Viana de
Cestário , Elizabeth do Espírito Santo
Muxfeldt, Elizabeth Silaid
Lima Júnior, Emilton
Campana, Erika Maria Gonçalves
Feitosa, Fabiana Gomes Aragão Magalhães
Consolim-Colombo, Fernanda Marciano
Almeida, Fernando Antônio de
Silva, Giovanio Vieira da
Moreno Júnior, Heitor
Finimundi, Helius Carlos
Guimarães, Isabel Cristina Britto
Gemelli, João Roberto
Barreto Filho, José Augusto Soares
Vilela-Martin, José Fernando
Ribeiro, José Marcio
Yugar-Toledo, Juan Carlos
Magalhães, Lucélia Batista Neves Cunha
Drager, Luciano Ferreira
Bortolotto, Luiz Aparecido
Alves, Marco Antonio de Melo
Malachias, Marcus Vinícius Bolívar
Neves, Mario Fritsch Toros
Santos, Mayara Cedrim
Dinamarco, Nelson
Moreira Filho, Osni
Passarelli Júnior, Oswaldo
Valverde de Oliveira Vitorino, Priscila Valverde de Oliveira
Miranda, Roberto Dischinger
Bezerra, Rodrigo
Pedrosa, Rodrigo Pinto
Paula, Rogério Baumgratz de
Okawa, Rogério Toshiro Passos
Póvoa, Rui Manuel dos Santos
Fuchs, Sandra C.
Inuzuka, Sayuri
Ferreira-Filho, Sebastião R.
Paffer Fillho, Silvio Hock de
Jardim, Thiago de Souza Veiga
Guimarães Neto, Vanildo da Silva
Koch, Vera Hermina
Gusmão, Waléria Dantas Pereira
Oigman, Wille
Nadruz, Wilson
Hypertension is one of the primary modifiable risk factors for morbidity and mortality worldwide, being a major risk factor for coronary artery disease, stroke, and kidney failure. Furthermore, it is highly prevalent, affecting more than one-third of the global population.
Blood pressure measurement is a MANDATORY procedure in any medical care setting and is carried out by various healthcare professionals. However, it is still commonly performed without the necessary technical care. Since the diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurement, it is clear how important it is to handle the techniques, methods, and equipment used in its execution with care.
It should be emphasized that once the diagnosis is made, all short-term, medium-term, and long-term investigations and treatments are based on the results of blood pressure measurement. Therefore, improper techniques and/or equipment can lead to incorrect diagnoses, either underestimating or overestimating values, resulting in inappropriate actions and significant health and economic losses for individuals and nations.
Once the correct diagnosis is made, as knowledge of the importance of proper treatment advances, with the adoption of more detailed normal values and careful treatment objectives towards achieving stricter blood pressure goals, the importance of precision in blood pressure measurement is also reinforced.
Blood pressure measurement (described below) is usually performed using the traditional method, the so-called casual or office measurement. Over time, alternatives have been added to it, through the use of semi-automatic or automatic devices by the patients themselves, in waiting rooms or outside the office, in their own homes, or in public spaces. A step further was taken with the use of semi-automatic devices equipped with memory that allow sequential measurements outside the office (ABPM; or HBPM) and other automatic devices that allow programmed measurements over longer periods (HBPM).
Some aspects of blood pressure measurement can interfere with obtaining reliable results and, consequently, cause harm in decision-making. These include the importance of using average values, the variation in blood pressure during the day, and short-term variability. These aspects have encouraged the performance of a greater number of measurements in various situations, and different guidelines have advocated the use of equipment that promotes these actions. Devices that perform HBPM or ABPM, which, in addition to allowing greater precision, when used together, detect white coat hypertension (WCH), masked hypertension (MH), sleep blood pressure alterations, and resistant hypertension (RHT) (defined in Chapter 2 of this guideline), are gaining more and more importance.
Taking these details into account, we must emphasize that information related to diagnosis, classification, and goal setting is still based on office blood pressure measurement, and for this reason, all attention must be given to the proper execution of this procedure.
La hipertensión arterial (HTA) es uno de los principales factores de riesgo modificables para la morbilidad y mortalidad en todo el mundo, siendo uno de los mayores factores de riesgo para la enfermedad de las arterias coronarias, el accidente cerebrovascular (ACV) y la insuficiencia renal. Además, es altamente prevalente y afecta a más de un tercio de la población mundial.
La medición de la presión arterial (PA) es un procedimiento OBLIGATORIO en cualquier atención médica o realizado por diferentes profesionales de la salud. Sin embargo, todavía se realiza comúnmente sin los cuidados técnicos necesarios. Dado que el diagnóstico se basa en la medición de la PA, es claro el cuidado que debe haber con las técnicas, los métodos y los equipos utilizados en su realización.
Debemos enfatizar que una vez realizado el diagnóstico, todas las investigaciones y tratamientos a corto, mediano y largo plazo se basan en los resultados de la medición de la PA. Por lo tanto, las técnicas y/o equipos inadecuados pueden llevar a diagnósticos incorrectos, subestimando o sobreestimando valores y resultando en conductas inadecuadas y pérdidas significativas para la salud y la economía de las personas y las naciones.
Una vez realizado el diagnóstico correcto, a medida que avanza el conocimiento sobre la importancia del tratamiento adecuado, con la adopción de valores de normalidad más detallados y objetivos de tratamiento más cuidadosos hacia metas de PA más estrictas, también se refuerza la importancia de la precisión en la medición de la PA.
La medición de la PA (descrita a continuación) generalmente se realiza mediante el método tradicional, la llamada medición casual o de consultorio. Con el tiempo, se han agregado alternativas a través del uso de dispositivos semiautomáticos o automáticos por parte del propio paciente, en salas de espera o fuera del consultorio, en su propia residencia o en espacios públicos. Se dio un paso más con el uso de dispositivos semiautomáticos equipados con memoria que permiten mediciones secuenciales fuera del consultorio (AMPA; o MRPA) y otros automáticos que permiten mediciones programadas durante períodos más largos (MAPA).
Algunos aspectos en la medición de la PA pueden interferir en la obtención de resultados confiables y, en consecuencia, causar daños en las decisiones a tomar. Estos incluyen la importancia de usar valores promedio, la variación de la PA durante el día y la variabilidad a corto plazo. Estos aspectos han alentado la realización de un mayor número de mediciones en diversas situaciones, y diferentes pautas han abogado por el uso de equipos que promuevan estas acciones. Los dispositivos que realizan MRPA o MAPA, que además de permitir una mayor precisión, cuando se usan juntos, detectan la hipertensión de bata blanca (HBB), la hipertensión enmascarada (HM), las alteraciones de la PA durante el sueño y la hipertensión resistente (HR) (definida en el Capítulo 2 de esta guía), están ganando cada vez más importancia.
Teniendo en cuenta estos detalles, debemos enfatizar que la información relacionada con el diagnóstico, la clasificación y el establecimiento de objetivos todavía se basa en la medición de la presión arterial en el consultorio, y por esta razón, se debe prestar toda la atención a la ejecución adecuada de este procedimiento.
A hipertensão arterial (HA) é um dos principais fatores de risco modificáveis para morbidade e mortalidade em todo o mundo, sendo um dos maiores fatores de risco para doença arterial coronária, acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) e insuficiência renal. Além disso, é altamente prevalente e atinge mais de um terço da população mundial.
A medida da PA é procedimento OBRIGATÓRIO em qualquer atendimento médico ou realizado por diferentes profissionais de saúde. Contudo, ainda é comumente realizada sem os cuidados técnicos necessários. Como o diagnóstico se baseia na medida da PA, fica claro o cuidado que deve haver com as técnicas, os métodos e os equipamentos utilizados na sua realização.
Deve-se reforçar que, feito o diagnóstico, toda a investigação e os tratamentos de curto, médio e longo prazos são feitos com base nos resultados da medida da PA. Assim, técnicas e/ou equipamentos inadequados podem levar a diagnósticos incorretos, tanto subestimando quanto superestimando valores e levando a condutas inadequadas e grandes prejuízos à saúde e à economia das pessoas e das nações.
Uma vez feito o diagnóstico correto, na medida em que avança o conhecimento da importância do tratamento adequado, com a adoção de valores de normalidade mais detalhados e com objetivos de tratamento mais cuidadosos no sentido do alcance de metas de PA mais rigorosas, fica também reforçada a importância da precisão na medida da PA.
A medida da PA (descrita a seguir) é habitualmente feita pelo método tradicional, a assim chamada medida casual ou de consultório. Ao longo do tempo, foram agregadas alternativas a ela, mediante o uso de equipamentos semiautomáticos ou automáticos pelo próprio paciente, nas salas de espera ou fora do consultório, em sua própria residência ou em espaços públicos. Um passo adiante foi dado com o uso de equipamentos semiautomáticos providos de memória que permitem medidas sequenciais fora do consultório (AMPA; ou MRPA) e outros automáticos que permitem medidas programadas por períodos mais prolongados (MAPA).
Alguns aspectos na medida da PA podem interferir na obtenção de resultados fidedignos e, consequentemente, causar prejuízo nas condutas a serem tomadas. Entre eles, estão: a importância de serem utilizados valores médios, a variação da PA durante o dia e a variabilidade a curto prazo. Esses aspectos têm estimulado a realização de maior número de medidas em diversas situações, e as diferentes diretrizes têm preconizado o uso de equipamentos que favoreçam essas ações. Ganham cada vez mais espaço os equipamentos que realizam MRPA ou MAPA, que, além de permitirem maior precisão, se empregados em conjunto, detectam a HA do avental branco (HAB), HA mascarada (HM), alterações da PA no sono e HA resistente (HAR) (definidos no Capítulo 2 desta diretriz).
Resguardados esses detalhes, devemos ressaltar que as informações relacionadas a diagnóstico, classificação e estabelecimento de metas ainda são baseadas na medida da PA de consultório e, por esse motivo, toda a atenção deve ser dada à realização desse procedimento.
15.
Exogenous application of salicylic acid on the mitigation of salt stress in Capsicum annuum L.
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Silva, André Alisson Rodrigues da
; Lima, Geovani Soares de
; Azevedo, Carlos Alberto Vieira de
; Veloso, Luana Lucas de Sá Almeida
; Souza, Leandro de Pádua
; Fátima, Reynaldo Teodoro de
; Silva, Francisco de Assis da
; Gheyi, Hans Raj
.
RESUMO: A salinidade tem afetado negativamente o cultivo de hortaliças, sobretudo em regiões semiáridas. Neste sentido, o uso de elicitores que atuem na indução de tolerância ao estresse salino, como ácido salicílico, tem se destacado como uma alternativa promissora. Objetivou-se com esse estudo, avaliar os efeitos da pulverização foliar do ácido salicílico na mitigação do estresse salino na morfofisiologia e produção do pimentão cv. All Big. O estudo foi conduzido em casa de vegetação em Campina Grande - PB, utilizando-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 4 x 4, sendo quatro níveis de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação (0,8; 1,6; 2,4; e 3,2 dS m-1) e quatro concentrações de ácido salicílico (0; 1,2; 2,4 e 3,6 mM), com três repetições. A aplicação foliar de ácido salicílico na concentração de 1,6 mM atenuou os efeitos do estresse salino nas trocas gasosas, no crescimento, no peso médio de fruto e na produção total por planta, e diminuiu a porcentagem de extravasamento de eletrólitos intercelulares das plantas de pimentão cv. All Big aos 80 dias após o semeio.
ABSTRACT: Salinity has limited conventional vegetable cultivation, especially in semi-arid regions. In this regard, the use of elicitors that act to induce tolerance to salt stress, such as salicylic acid, has emerged as a promising alternative. This study evaluated the effects of foliar spraying with salicylic acid on the mitigation of salt stress on the morphophysiology and production of bell pepper cv. All Big. The study was conducted in a greenhouse in Campina Grande - PB, Brazil, adopting a completely randomized design, in a 4 x 4 factorial arrangement, corresponding to four levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water (0.8; 1.6; 2.4; and 3.2 dS m-1) and four concentrations of salicylic acid (0; 1.2; 2.4 and 3.6 mM), with three replicates. The foliar application of salicylic acid at a concentration of 1.6 mM attenuated the effects of salt stress in gas exchange, growth, mean fruit weight, and total production per plant, and decreased the percentage of intercellular electrolyte leakage of sweet pepper cv. All Big plants, at 80 days after sowing.
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