ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to establish the relationship between habitual coffee consumption and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. A systematic review was conducted using Medline, EMBASE, LILACS and Cochrane databases. Systematic reviews and meta-analysis were selected and analyzed. From 181 systematic reviews, 74 were selected by title and summary; after eliminating duplicates. According to the quality score of the AMSTAR tool, five articles were selected for information extraction and analysis. Moderate coffee consumption (3 or 4 cups) decreased overall mortality, compared to non-consumption (RR= 0.83, 95% CI: 0.79-0.88; I2= 83% for 3 cups, and RR= 0.84, 95% CI: 0.82-0.87; I2= 58% for 4 cups) and minimum consumption (RR= 0.88, 95% CI: 0.84-0.93; I2= 68.7% for 4 cups, and RR= 0.87, 95% CI: 0.83-0.91; I2= 59.8% between 3 and 4 cups). Cardiovascular mortality was reduced when compared to non-consumption, for 4 cups (RR= 0.80, 95% CI: 0.74-0.86; I2= 58%) and (RR= 0.83, 95% CI: 0.75-0.92; I2= 92%), and for 3 cups (RR= 0.81, 95 CI: 0.72-0.90; I2= 92%; RR= 0.79, 95% CI: 0.74-0.84; I2= 58%). In conclusion, habitual coffee consumption between 3 and 4 cups reduces the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
RESUMEN El objetivo de este estudio fue establecer la relación entre consumo habitual de café y la mortalidad general y cardiovascular. En una búsqueda sistemática en Medline, EMBASE, LILACS y Cochrane se seleccionaron y analizaron revisiones sistemáticas y meta-análisis por una pareja de investigadores. De 181 referencias, 74 fueron seleccionadas por título y resumen; luego de eliminar duplicados y según el puntaje de calidad obtenido por AMSTAR, se consideraron 5 artículos para extracción y análisis. El consumo moderado de café (3 o 4 tazas) disminuye la mortalidad general, tanto comparado con el no consumo (RR= 0,83; IC95%: 0,79-0,88; I2= 83% para 3 tazas, y RR=0,84 IC95%: 0,82-0,87; I2= 58% para 4), como con un consumo mínimo (RR= 0,88; IC95%: 0,84-0,93; I2= 68,7% para 4 tazas, y RR= 0,87; IC95%: 0,83-0,91; I2= 59,8% para consumo entre 3 y 4 tazas). La mortalidad cardiovascular se reduce si se compara con el no consumo, para 4 tazas (RR= 0,80; IC95%: 0,74-0,86; I2= 58%) y (RR= 0,83; IC95%: 0,75-0,92, I2 = 92%) y para 3 tazas (RR= 0,81; IC95%: 0,72-0,90; I2= 92%) y RR (0,79; IC95% 0.74-0.84; I2= 58%). Como conclusión, el consumo habitual de 3 y 4 tazas de café reduce la mortalidad general y cardiovascular.