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Resumen Los modelos de socialización de la niñez narrados en cuentos costarricenses del siglo XX posibilitan mostrar patrones culturales de socialización y su historicidad. La reflexión se orienta hacia la interrogante sobre cómo representa la narrativa costarricense nociones de niñez y modelos de socialización de la niñez en cuentos costarricenses de las primeras décadas del siglo XX. Con base en el análisis desde la Hermenéutica Profunda, se identificaron patrones de socialización, sobre todo de la niñez femenina, como recurso para intensificar el dramatismo de procesos sociales en boga durante la época que cubren. Los hallazgos se contrastan con premisas teóricas derivadas de estudios que tratan la historicidad de la niñez y los procesos socioculturales subyacentes. Los resultados develan una niñez ajena a procesos protagónicos en sus entornos de interacción sujeta a un control vertical ejercido por figuras de autoridad. Se tienden a sobrevalorar características deseables como la sumisión y la obediencia infantil y sobresale la carencia de la caracterización de un lugar social de la niñez con identidad propia. La noción de niñez es una metonimia que representa la calamidad y la decadencia, sin un auténtico cuestionamiento de su lugar sociofamiliar.

Abstract The models of childhood socialization narrated in Costa Rican tales of the 20th century make it possible to depict cultural patterns of socialization and their historicity. The reflection is oriented on the question of how the Costa Rican narrative represents notions of childhood and models of childhood socialization, in Costa Rican tales of the 20th century. The analysis from the in-depth Hermeneutics identified patterns of socialization, especially of female childhood, as a resource to intensify the drama of social processes in vogue during the time they cover. The findings are contrasted with theoretical premises derived from studies dealing with the historicity of childhood and the underlying sociocultural processes. The results reveal a childhood alien to leading processes in their interaction environments; subject to vertical control exercised by authority figures. Desirable characteristics such as child submission and obedience tend to be overestimated, and the lack of characterization of a social place in childhood with its own identity stands out. The notion of childhood is a metonymy that represents calamity and decadence, without a genuine questioning of its socio-familiar place.

https://doi.org/10.15517/rfl.v50i1.57300

LA REVOLUCIÓN CONTROLADA. ESPAÑA Y MÉXICO EN EL INICIO DE LA ERA DE LOS PRONUNCIAMIENTOS (1820-1821)
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Chust, Manuel

; Espinosa Aguirre, Joaquín E.

Tzintzun. Revista de estudios históricos

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jun 2024, N. 79 Pages 15 - 40

Abstract: Fr En Es | Text: Fr En Es | PDF: Fr | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Résumé Après plusieurs tentatives infructueuses de soulèvements, déclenchées après 1814 avec le retour de Fernando VII sur son trône absolutiste, la révolution libérale triomphe à nouveau en 1820 sous l’égide de Rafael del Riego. Cet événement non seulement rétablit le régime constitutionnel, mais conduit également le destin des royaumes d’outre-mer à leur effondrement final. Le cas de la Nouvelle-Espagne est significatif puisque, un an plus tard, Agustín de Iturbide s’appuiera sur le modèle “ rieguiste ” pour obtenir l’indépendance de l’Empire mexicain, instaurant ainsi une nouvelle façon de négocier, le pronunciamiento, lequel sera présent tout au long du XIXe siècle mexicain.

Abstract After several failed attempts at uprisings, unleashed after 1814 with the return of Fernando VII to his absolutist throne, in 1820 the liberal revolution would triumph again at the hands of Rafael del Riego, and with this, not only would the constitutional regime be reestablished, rather, the destinies of the overseas kingdoms would head towards their final break. The case of New Spain is significant because a year later Agustín de Iturbide took the rieguista model to achieve independence from the Mexican Empire, instituting a new way of negotiation: the pronunciamiento, which would be present throughout the Mexican 19th century

Resumen Luego de varios intentos de levantamientos fallidos, desatados a partir de 1814 con el regreso de Fernando VII a su trono absolutista, en 1820 triunfaría nuevamente la revolución liberal de la mano de Rafael del Riego, y con ello no solo se restablecería el régimen constitucional, sino que los destinos de los reinos ultramarinos se dirigirían a su quiebre final. El caso novohispano es significativo, pues un año más tarde Agustín de Iturbide tomó el modelo rieguista para lograr la independencia del Imperio mexicano, instituyendo una nueva manera de negociación: el pronunciamiento, el cual estaría presente a lo largo del siglo XIX mexicano.

https://doi.org/10.35830/treh.vi79.1739

Inventory policy using the Multi-Echelon Closed-Loop Supply Chain in the Acquisition Market MultiEchelon Multi Echelon ClosedLoop Closed Loop
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Sassaki, Rafael Pereira

; Rodríguez, Elias Carlos Aguirre

; Marins, Fernando Augusto Silva

; Chaves, Antônio Augusto

Gestão & Produção

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2024, Volume 31 elocation e0624

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A Cadeia de Suprimentos de Ciclo Fechado (CLSC) se destaca devido a uma crescente preocupação com aspectos ambientais, além de ser capaz de maximizar o valor dos recursos ao longo do ciclo de vida de um produto, reduzindo o desperdício. A gestão da cadeia de suprimentos em múltiplos níveis têm sido amplamente reconhecida como uma ferramenta capaz de minimizar os custos totais de inventário e promover maior cooperação entre os membros da cadeia de suprimentos. No entanto, a gestão de políticas de inventário ainda é pouco explorada na literatura no que diz respeito à indústria de aquisição. Portanto, este artigo explora uma política de inventário através da modelagem de uma CLSC de múltiplos níveis na indústria de cartões de pagamento, com o objetivo de reduzir custos de inventário, frete e escassez. Os resultados revelam que houve uma redução nos custos totais sem afetar negativamente o nível mínimo de serviço esperado pela empresa em estudo, considerando o custo de aquisição, frete e escassez, além da influência do mix de estoque em sua política. (CLSC ambientais produto desperdício entanto aquisição Portanto pagamento escassez estudo

Abstract The Closed-Loop Supply Chain (CLSC) stands out due to a growing concern about environmental aspects, in addition to being capable of maximizing the value of resources throughout a product’s life cycle by reducing waste. Multi-echelon supply chain management has been widely recognized as a tool well capable of minimizing total inventory costs and promoting greater cooperation among supply chain members. Nonetheless, inventory policy management is still poorly explored in literature regarding the acquisition industry. Therefore, this paper explores an inventory policy through modelling a multi-echelon CLSC in the payment card industry aimed to lower inventory, freight, and shortage costs. Results reveal that there was a reduction in total costs without negatively affecting the minimum service level expected by the company under study, considering the cost of acquisition, freight, and shortages, in addition to the influence of inventory mix on its policy. ClosedLoop Closed Loop (CLSC aspects products product s waste Multiechelon Multi echelon members Nonetheless Therefore multiechelon multi freight study shortages

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9649-2024v31e0624

Leucoencefalopatía multifocal progresiva en tronco encefálico
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Saguier Padilla, Ignacio

; Reznik, Cinthya

; Aguirre, Rafael

; Puentes Garrido, Gonzalo

; Cao, Juan I.

; Siracusa, Carolina

; Paleka, Carolina

; Mercado, Flavio

Medicina (Buenos Aires)

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dec 2023, Volume 83 N. 5 Pages 850 - 850

Abstract: Es | Text: Es | PDF: Es

Cohesión social y satisfacción con la colonia: estudio en comunidades urbanas de ingreso medio-bajo
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Ibarra Salazar, Jorge

; Salazar Cantú, José de Jesús

; Navarro Aguirre, Rafael

Estudios demográficos y urbanos

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apr 2023, Volume 38 N. 1 Pages 163 - 206

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen. En este artículo se analiza la relación entre la cohesión social y la satisfacción con la colonia, un indicador del bienestar de los residentes. Usando datos de una encuesta aplicada a habitantes de dos colonias en Monterrey, Nuevo León, calculamos un índice de cohesión social considerando una serie de atributos del medio ambiente social (confianza vecinal, participación vecinal, comportamiento participativo e identidad vecinal) para relacionarlo con el grado de satisfacción con su colonia. Estimamos diferentes especificaciones por probit y probit ordenado. Encontramos evidencia de que la cohesión social tiene una relación positiva y estadísticamente significativa con el grado de satisfacción con la colonia. Este resultado contribuye no sólo a la literatura relacionada, sino a validar los programas sociales y la política pública cuyo objetivo es aumentar el bienestar de los ciudadanos a través de acciones encaminadas a mejorar la cohesión social.

Abstract. In this paper the relationship of social cohesion and neighborhood satisfaction, an indicator of welfare of residents, is analyzed. Using data of a survey applied to residents of two neighborhoods in Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, considering different attributes of the social environment (neighborhood trust, neighborhood participation, collabo- rative behavior, and neighborhood identity), we calculate an index of social cohesion to relate with neighborhood satisfaction. We estimated different specifications by probit and ordered probit. We find evidence that social cohesion has a positive and statistically significant relationship with the degree of neighborhood satisfaction. This result not only contributes to the related literature, but also to validate social programs and public policy whose objective is to increase the well-being of citizens through actions aimed at improving social cohesion.

https://doi.org/10.24201/edu.v38i1.2021

Reconstrucción de Imágenes Sísmicas Virtuales con Técnicas de Interferometría en Datos de Sísmica Pasiva
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Solano Bahena, René

; Aguirre González, Jorge

; Ávila-Carrera, Rafael

; Granados Chavarría, Iván

Geofísica internacional

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mar 2023, Volume 62 N. 1 Pages 403 - 418

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract This paper aims to obtain compressional body waves (seismic sections) to delimit geological structures associated with hydrocarbon reservoirs. We used a passive seismic dataset from a rectangular array located at northeast of Mexico. Seismic Interferometry (IS) method, which allows extracting the Green’s function by using cross-correlations (CC(t)) of seismic traces was applied. We processed six lines of approximately 8 km length, with 159 geophones each. The obtained CC(t) (also called virtual shots pseudo-sections) were processed with the algorithms that generally are used in the seismic exploration industry to extract the structural and sub-surface velocity information. We regrouped the results of the pseudo-sections of virtual shots by common offset gathers (COG) to generate subsurface images in terms of a zero-offset seismic section. Although, alternative processing algorithms were performed, which consists in applying the wavelet transform method to decompose and reconstruct the CC(t) by means of the Meyer wavelet, improving the quality of the CC(t) . Subsequently, new seismic sections were generated considering a common offset. We use offsets of 100, 500, 900, 1300, 1700, and 2100 m among source-receiver virtual arrays. In this case, results were improved substantially, clearly showing the expected reflectors. We observed that the depth of investigation increases for higher offsets, meanwhile the surface resolution decreases. The sections were stacked with the different offsets mentioned above for each line, resulting in a total common offset section. Finally, the obtained sections were compared versus a conventional seismic section (also called “active” seismic sections) migrated in depth.

Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo es obtener secciones sísmicas para delimitar estructuras geológicas asociadas a yacimientos de hidrocarburos. Utilizamos datos de sísmica pasiva de un arreglo rectangular localizado al noreste de la República Mexicana y el método de Interferometría Sísmica (IS), el cual permite extraer la función de Green mediante el uso de correlaciones cruzadas (CC(t)) de trazas de ruido sísmico. Procesamos 6 líneas de 8 km de longitud aproximadamente, con 159 geófonos cada una. Las CC(t) obtenidas (también llamadas pseudo-secciones sísmicas de tiros virtuales) fueron procesadas para la extracción de información estructural y de velocidad subsuperficial, con los algoritmos que usualmente son utilizados en la industria de la sismología de exploración. Los resultados los reagrupamos en grupos de offset común (Common Offset Gathers, por sus siglas en ingles COG), para generar imágenes del campo de velocidades en el subsuelo en términos de secciones sísmicas de offset cero. Realizamos un procesamiento que consistió en aplicar el método de la transformada de ondícula, para descomponer y reconstruir las CC(t) a partir de la ondícula de Meyer, mejorando la calidad de las CC(t). Posteriormente, generamos nuevas pseudo-secciones sísmicas considerando un offset en común y varias longitudes entre fuente-receptor. En este caso los resultados mejoraron substancialmente, mostrando los reflectores esperados. Observamos que, con un offset mayor, la profundidad de investigación aumentaba, aunque la resolución superficial disminuía. Finalmente, las secciones obtenidas fueron comparadas con una sección sísmica convencional (también llamadas secciones de sísmica “activa”) migrada en profundidad.

https://doi.org/10.22201/igeof.2954436xe.2023.62.1.1448

Síndrome de Hamman (neumomediastino) posparto. Síntesis de la bibliografía y reporte de caso
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Peña-Vega, Cynthia Jazmín

; Buitrón-García, Rafael

; Zavala-Barrios, Berenice

; Aguirre-García, Rosaura

Ginecología y obstetricia de México

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2023, Volume 91 N. 3 Pages 197 - 209

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen ANTECEDENTES: El síndrome de Hamman se caracteriza por la coexistencia de aire libre en el mediastino sin una causa identificable; también puede ser secundario a traumatismos, infecciones intratorácicas, procedimientos médicos como la esofagoscopia y broncoscopia. Su incidencia se estima entre 1 en 2000 y 1 en 100,000 embarazos. CASO CLÍNICO: Paciente de 18 años, con 65 kg de peso, 1.56 m de talla e IMC 26.74, correspondiente a sobrepeso, primigesta, sin antecedentes patológicos ni heredofamiliares relevantes, con evolución normal del embarazo. A las 39 semanas acudió a urgencias ginecológicas debido a contractilidad uterina y salida de líquido por la vagina. La finalización del embarazo fue por parto, con recién nacido vivo. En el puerperio mediato (30 horas después del parto) súbitamente tuvo disnea, ortopnea y dolor en la región infraclavicular, sensación de “burbujeo” en la parte anterior del tórax. La radiografía simple de tórax mostró aire libre en el mediastino y enfisema subcutáneo. La TAC de tórax evidenció múltiples burbujas de aire, con extensión del espacio perivertebral de predominio derecho. La conclusión diagnóstica fue: enfisema extenso subcutáneo en los espacios del cuello, con alcance al mediastino anterior, con extenso neumomediastino y cardiomegalia global. CONCLUSIONES: El síndrome de Hamman prevalece en primigestas jóvenes y tiene un curso benigno. El tratamiento debe ser conservador, con oxígeno y analgésicos.

Abstract BACKGROUND: Hamman's syndrome is characterized by the coexistence of free air in the mediastinum without an identifiable cause; it may also be secondary to trauma, intrathoracic infections, medical procedures such as oesophagoscopy and bronchoscopy. Its incidence is estimated to be between 1 in 2000 and 1 in 100,000 pregnancies. CLINICAL CASE: 18-year-old female patient, weight 65 kg, height 1.56 m and BMI 26.74, corresponding to overweight, primigravida, with no relevant pathological or heredofamilial history, with normal evolution of pregnancy. At 39 weeks, she attended the gynaecological emergency department due to uterine contractility and leakage of fluid from the vagina. The pregnancy was terminated by delivery, with a live newborn. In the immediate postpartum period (30 hours after delivery) she suddenly experienced dyspnoea, orthopnoea and pain in the infraclavicular region, with a sensation of "bubbling" in the anterior chest. Plain chest X-ray showed free air in the mediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema. Chest CT showed multiple air bubbles, with extension of the perivertebral space predominantly on the right. The diagnostic conclusion was: extensive subcutaneous emphysema in the neck spaces extending into the anterior mediastinum, with extensive pneumomediastinum and global cardiomegaly. CONCLUSIONS: Hamman syndrome is prevalent in young primigravidae and has a benign course. Treatment should be conservative, with oxygen and analgesics.

https://doi.org/10.24245/gom.v91i3.3711

Sulfohemoglobinemia secundaria a zopiclona. Casos clínicos
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Benavente, Rafael

; Parada, Natalia

; Sánchez, Bárbara

; Meneses, Rodrigo

; Torres, Sebastián

; Pineda, Camila

; Aguirre, Herman

; Peña, Camila

Revista médica de Chile

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oct 2022, Volume 150 N. 10 Pages 1401 - 1406

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Sulfhemoglobin (SulfHb) is formed by hemoglobin (Hb) oxidation by sulfur compounds. Sulfhemoglobinemia is mainly associated with drugs or intestinal bacterial overgrowth. Patients present with central cyanosis, an abnormal pulse oximetry and normal arterial oxygen partial pressure. These features are shared with methemoglobinemia (MetHb) whose diagnosis requires an arterial co-oximetry. Depending on the device used, SulfHb may produce interference with this technique. We report two females aged 31 and 43 years, consulting at the emergency room with cyanosis. Both had a history of acute and chronic, high dose zopiclone ingestion. Pulse oximetry showed desaturation but with normal arterial oxygen partial pressure. Cardiac and pulmonary diseases were ruled out. Co-oximetry in two different analyzers showed interference or normal MetHb percentages. No other complications ensued, and cyanosis decreased over days. Since MetHb was discarded among other causes of cyanosis in a compatible clinical context, the diagnosis of sulfhemoglobinemia was made. The confirmatory method is not available in Chile. The presence of SulfHb is difficult to diagnose, confirmatory tests are not readily available, and it frequently interferes with arterial co-oximetry. This is attributed to a similar absorbance peak of both pigments in arterial blood. Venous co-oximetry can be useful in this context. SulfHb is a self-limited condition in most cases, however it must be differentiated from methemoglobinemia to avoid inappropriate treatments like methylene blue.

Severe arterial pulmonary hypertension in a 34-year-old patient
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Rueda, Darío A.

; Aguirre, Rafael A.

; Fonzo, Horacio di

; Mazzei, Mariano E.

Archivos de cardiología de México

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sep 2022, Volume 92 N. 3 Pages 418 - 419

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.24875/acm.20000475 46 downloads

10.

Características estructurales de pastos: Mulato II, Convert 330 y Convert 431 (Urochloa híbrido)
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Aniano-Aguirre, Herminio

; Maldonado-Peralta, María de los Ángeles

; Gasga-Pérez, Lauro

; Pelaez-Estrada, Urfila Victoria

; Hernández-Marín, José Antonio

; Rojas-García, Adelaido Rafael

Revista mexicana de ciencias agrícolas

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aug 2022, Volume 13 N. 5 Pages 863 - 872

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen El objetivo fue evaluar los pastos del género Urochloa: Mulato II, Convert 330 y Convert 431 al variar las edades de corte en los atributos: dinámica de población de tallos, recambio de tejido, relación hoja:tallo, peso por tallo y rendimiento de materia seca. La investigación se realizó en las praderas del Instituto Tecnológico de Pinotepa, en la localidad de San José Estancia Grande, Oaxaca. Los tratamientos fueron los genotipos: Mulato II, Convert 330 y Convert 431. Los datos se analizaron mediante un diseño de bloques completamente al azar con arreglo en parcelas divididas y cuatro repeticiones, el procedimiento utilizado fue PROC GLM de SAS. El pasto Mulato II presentó mayor densidad de tallos con un promedio de 540 tallos m-2, mientras que el pasto Convert 330 registró la menor densidad de tallos a lo largo de la investigación, con un promedio de 220 tallos m-2, tendiendo a aumentar más lento en el tiempo (p< 0.05). El pasto que obtuvo el mayor crecimiento neto fue Convert 330 seguido por Mulato II y al final Convert 431 con un promedio de 169, 133 y 104 cm tallo-1, respectivamente ((p< 0.05). El pasto Convert 330 en el día 49 después del corte obtuvo el mayor rendimiento con 4 091 kg MS ha-1 (p< 0.05). Como conclusión el genotipo Convert 330 presento mejores características estructurales en la pradera lo que refleja mayor rendimiento de materia seca.

Abstract The objective was to evaluate the grasses of the genus Urochloa: Mulato II, Convert 330 and Convert 431 by varying the cut ages in the attributes: stem population dynamics, tissue replacement, leaf:stem ratio, weight per stem and dry matter yield. The research was carried out in the grasslands of the Technological Institute of Pinotepa, in the locality of San José Estancia Grande, Oaxaca. The treatments were the genotypes: Mulato II, Convert 330 and Convert 431. The data were analyzed using a completely randomized block design arranged in split plots and four repetitions, the procedure used was PROC GLM of SAS. The Mulato II grass had the highest stem density with an average of 540 stems m-2, while the Convert 330 grass had the lowest stem density throughout the research, with an average of 220 stems m-2, tending to increase slower over time (p< 0.05). The grass that obtained the highest net growth was Convert 330, followed by Mulato II and, at the end, Convert 431, with an average of 169, 133 and 104 cm stem-1, respectively (p< 0.05). On day 49 after cutting, the Convert 330 grass obtained the highest yield with 4 091 kg DM ha-1 (p< 0.05). In conclusion, the Convert 330 genotype showed better structural characteristics in the grassland, which reflects a higher dry matter yield.

https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v13i5.3230 2 downloads

11.

El Volcán, un depósito de hierro magmático en el NW México: distribución y características generales
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Encinas Aguirre, Miguel Angel

; Ochoa Landín, Lucas

; Rio Salas, Rafael Del

Epistemus (Sonora)

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jun 2022, Volume 16 N. 32 elocation 07

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT The majority of iron deposits in Sonora are associated with skarn zones and/or replacements related to intrusive bodies of granodiorite-quartz monzonite compositions, not greater than 5 Mt and grades less than 50% total Fe. Unlike these deposits, there is the presence of iron deposits whose geological characteristics, alteration-mineralization styles and tectonic context, seem to be associated with magmatic processes, which can be classified as IOCG deposits of the iron-apatite type. A typical example of this type is El Volcán, a deposit of ~ 24 Mt of Fe, with an average grade of 40 to 60% Fe. This type of mineral deposit could extend to the western side of Mexico, which represents new opportunities for exploration of this type of deposits.

Resumen La mayoría de los depósitos de hierro en Sonora se encuentran asociados a zonas de skarn y de reemplazamiento relacionadas a cuerpos intrusivos de composiciones granodiorítica-cuarzomonzonítica, no mayores de 5 Mt y con leyes menores de 50% de Fe total. Sin embargo, se ha documentado la presencia de depósitos de hierro cuyas características geológicas, estilos de alteración-mineralización y contexto tectónico, parecen asociarse a procesos magmáticos, los cuales pueden ser catalogados como depósitos IOCG del tipo hierro-apatito. Un ejemplo de este tipo de depósito es El Volcán, con un tonelaje de ~24 Mt de Fe y ley entre 40 a 60% de Fe total. Este tipo de manifestación mineral podría extenderse al lado occidental de México, abriendo una puerta importante para exploración de este tipo de yacimientos.

https://doi.org/10.36790/epistemus.v16i32.211 11 downloads

12.

Volviéndonos mejores: necesidad de acción inmediata ante el reto de la obesidad. Una postura de profesionales de la salud
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Barquera, Simón

; Véjar-Rentería, Lesly Samara

; Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos

; Garibay-Nieto, Nayely

; García-García, Eduardo

; Bonvecchio, Anabelle

; Perichart, Otilia

; Torres-Tamayo, Margarita

; Esquivias-Zavala, Héctor

; Villalpando-Carrión, Salvador

; García-Méndez, Rosalba Carolina

; Apolinar-Jiménez, Evelia

; Kaufer-Horwitz, Martha

; Martínez-Montañez, Olga Georgina

; Fajardo Niquete, Ileana

; Aguirre-Crespo, Alejandra

; Gómez-Álvarez, Enrique

; Hernández-Jiménez, Sergio C.

; Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar

; Batis, Carolina

; Elías-López, Daniel

; Palos-Lucio, Ana Gabriela

; Vásquez-Garibay, Edgar M.

; Romero-Velarde, Enrique

; Ortiz-Rodríguez, María Araceli

; Almendra-Pegueros, Rafael

; Contreras, Alejandra

; Nieto, Claudia

; Hernández-Cordero, Sonia

; Munguía, Ana

; Rojas-Russell, Mario

; Sánchez-Escobedo, Samantha

; Delgado-Amézquita, Elvia

; Aranda-González, Irma

; Cruz-Casarrubias, Carlos

; Campos-Nonato, Ismael

; García-Espino, Fátima

; Martínez-Vázquez, Sophia

; Arellano-Gómez, Laura P.

; Caballero-Cantú, Idalia

; Hunot-Alexander, Claudia

; Valero-Morales, Isabel

; González-González, Lorena

; Ríos-Cortázar, Víctor

; Medina-García, Catalina

; Argumedo, Gabriela

; Calleja-Enríquez, Carmen Rosa

; Robles-Macías, Edna

; Nava-González, Edna J.

; Lara-Riegos, Julio

; Sánchez-Plascencia, Ana K.

; Hernández-Fernández, Mauricio

; Rodríguez-Núñez, Jose Luis

; Rangel-Quillo, Sarai

; Cancino-Marentes, Martha Edith

; Hernández-Viana, Mónica J.

; Saldivar-Frausto, Mariana

; Álvarez-Ramírez, Miriam

; Sandoval-Salazar, Cuauhtémoc

; Silva-Tinoco, Rubén Oswaldo

; Moreno-Villanueva, Mildred

; Villarreal-Arce, María Elena

; Barriguete, J. Armando

; White, Mariel

; Jauregui, Alejandra

; Tolentino-Mayo, Lizbeth

; López-Ridaura, Ruy

; Rivera-Dommarco, Juan

Salud Pública de México

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apr 2022, Volume 64 N. 2 Pages 225 - 229

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: In recent decades, the growing obesity epidemic in Mexico has become one of the most important public health challenges faced by the country. With support from the World Obesity Federation, we formed a working group in 2021 to identify and summarize priority actions that Mexico can take to face this epidemic. More than 1 000 health professionals joined the development and discussion process. Recommendations from previously published, high-level documents and guidelines were taken into account. In commemoration of World Obesity Day 2022, this statement is presented as input for health care professionals to develop actions to address obesity. The statement includes 10 recommendations that include population-level and individual-level actions. It emphasizes the importance of social participation, comprehensive interventions with a person- centered perspective, planetary sustainability, on improving education and communication campaigns, as well as fostering a built environment that promotes active living, and shielding prevention and control efforts from conflicts of interest. The statement calls for obesity to be treated seriously, based on scientific evidence, in a timely and comprehensive manner, employing a life-course and ethical approach that does not perpetuate weight stigma in society.

resumen está disponible en el texto completo

https://doi.org/10.21149/13679

13.

Characteristics of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Compared to Other National Centers in Colombia
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García-Duperly, Rafael

; López-Panqueva, Rocío del Pilar

; Londoño-Schimmer, Eduardo Emilio

; Rey-Rubiano, Margarita

; Padrón-Mercado, Jorge

; Medellín-Abueta, Anwar

; Mejía-Arango, Marcela

; Aguirre-Matallana, Diego Andrés

; Ortiz-Pereira, Mónica Juliana

; Páez-Cancelado, Cristian Camilo

; Park Noh, Jong Hyuk

; Vallejo-Madroñero, Roberto Javier

; Gómez-Aldana, Andrés José

; Mendoza de Molano, Belén

Revista colombiana de Gastroenterología

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mar 2022, Volume 37 N. 1 Pages 48 - 56

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción: la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII) es una enfermedad inmunomediada, cuya incidencia en Latinoamérica ha aumentado en los últimos años. Objetivo: analizar las características demográficas y clínicas de los pacientes con EII tratados en un hospital universitario y presentar los datos epidemiológicos con respecto a otros centros en Colombia. Pacientes y métodos: estudio descriptivo de pacientes con EII (1996-2019) en el Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá. Análisis de datos de centros de Medellín, Cali, Bogotá y Cartagena. Resultados: de 386 pacientes, 277 presentaron colitis ulcerativa (CU), 102 enfermedad de Crohn (EC) y 7 colitis no clasificable. La EII fue más frecuente en mujeres (53 %). La mortalidad fue menor de 1 %. El compromiso de la CU fue principalmente la pancolitis (42,6 %). Entre mayor la extensión de la enfermedad, más alta fue la tasa de hospitalización y cirugías (OR 3,70; p < 0,01). El 13 % de los pacientes con CU recibió biológicos. El compromiso por la EC fue principalmente ileocolónico (43,6 %) e ileal (43,6 %). El patrón clínico predominante de la EC fue estenosante (50%). El 45 % recibió biológicos y 56% cirugía. La colangitis esclerosante primaria (CEP) se encontró en 4 % de los pacientes (n = 15). Dos pacientes con CEP desarrollaron cáncer colorrectal (OR 4,18; p 0,008), mientras que 13 pacientes con CU desarrollaron cáncer de colon y 7 cambios displásicos. 3 pacientes con EC desarrollaron cáncer de colon. Conclusiones: se compararon los resultados en relación con otros centros de referencia. Encontramos tendencias similares en el comportamiento clínico y en el tratamiento de la EII, con mayores tazas de hospitalizaciones y cirugías en nuestros casos.

Abstract Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immune-mediated disease whose incidence in Latin America has increased in recent years. Aim: To analyze the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with IBD treated in a university hospital and present the epidemiological data compared to other centers in Colombia. Patients and methods: Descriptive study of patients with IBD (1996-2019) at the Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá. Analysis of data from centers in Medellín, Cali, Bogotá, and Cartagena. Results: Of 386 patients, 277 presented with ulcerative colitis (UC), 102 with Crohn’s disease (CD), and seven with unclassifiable colitis. IBD was more frequent in women (53 %). Mortality was less than 1 %. The involvement of UC was mainly pancolitis (42.6 %). The greater the extent of the disease, the higher the hospitalization and surgery rates (OR 3.70, P < 0.01). Thirteen percent of patients with UC received biologics. Compromise due to CD was mainly ileocolonic (43.6 %) and ileal (43.6 %). The predominant clinical pattern of CD was structuring (50%). Forty-five percent received biologicals and 56 % surgery. Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) was found in 4 % of patients (n = 15). Two patients with PSC developed colorectal cancer (OR 4.18; p 0.008), while 13 patients with UC developed colon cancer and seven dysplastic changes. Three patients with CD developed colon cancer. Conclusions: The results were compared to other reference centers. We found similar trends in the clinical behavior and treatment of IBD, with higher hospitalization and surgery rates in our cases.

https://doi.org/10.22516/25007440.752 73 downloads

14.

Structural retrofitting method for evaluating RC Jacketing in columns with amplification of moments under seismic loads
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Aguero, Rosangel Rojas

; Aguirre, Jose Rafael Yepez

; Schmitz, Michael

; Viegas, Carlos Henrique Hernandorena

Revista IBRACON de Estruturas e Materiais

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2022, Volume 15 N. 5 elocation e15510

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Existem diferentes razões que podem fazer com que certas estruturas precisem de reforço para atingir níveis específicos de segurança e desempenho. A ocorrência de eventos de grande magnitude como os sismos são um exemplo disso. Para mitigar os efeitos destrutivos dos terremotos a adequação de estruturas vulneráveis torna-se uma prática e o encamisamento em concreto armado converte-se em uma alternativa. O presente trabalho estuda esse tipo de reforço, propondo e aplicando uma metodologia de avaliação sob uma edificação vulnerável, construída em uma zona de alto risco sísmico. O diagnóstico da situação atual foi determinado e a adequação estrutural foi avaliada usando concreto de encamisamento. Com o programa computacional S-Model, criado nesta pesquisa, verificou-se a efetividade do reforço proposto, a partir dos resultados da análise feita com um programa comercial. A pré-carga foi considerada e se verificou a resistência da seção do pilar reforçado ante todas as combinações de carga. O programa S-Model foi capaz de verificar a não ocorrência simultânea da amplificação de momentos com o carregamento mais crítico. Ambas as condições demandam maiores esforços solicitantes sobre o elemento, e por tanto o cálculo das áreas de aço do pilar podem resultar subestimadas se não são levados em conta.

Abstract Different reasons can make certain structures need reinforcement to achieve specific levels of safety and performance. The occurrence of events of significant magnitudes, such as earthquakes, are examples of this. Retrofitting vulnerable structures becomes a practice to mitigate the destructive effects of earthquakes, and the RC Jacketing becomes an alternative. The present work studies this type of reinforcement, proposing and applying an assessment methodology under vulnerable construction built in a high seismic risk zone. The diagnostic of the current situation was determined, and the structural suitability was evaluated using RC Jacketing. With the computational software S-Model, created in this research, the effectiveness of the proposed reinforcement was verified, based on the results of the analysis carried out with commercial software. The preload was considered, and the strength of the reinforced column section was verified against all load combinations. The S-Model program was able to verify the non-simultaneous occurrence of the amplification of moments with the most critical loading. Both conditions demand more significant stresses on the element, and therefore the calculation of the steel areas of the column may be underestimated if they are not considered.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1983-41952022000500010

15.

Use of digital technologies in mental health during COVID-19
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SILVA, Nara Helena Lopes Pereira da

; OTTOLIA, Rafael Fontan

; MARQUES, Luísa Gianoni

; ANTÚNEZ, Andrés Eduardo Aguirre

Estudos de Psicologia (Campinas)

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2022, Volume 39 elocation e200225

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A maioria dos países não possuía uma estrutura de saúde digital consolidada antes da pandemia. Tanto o distanciamento social quanto os agravos psicológicos decorrentes da própria situação justificam a urgência de discussões científicas sobre intervenções mediadas pela web. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar o panorama da mediação tecnológica nos serviços de saúde mental e suas especificidades no contexto da pandemia. Parte-se de um olhar crítico diante da migração do cuidado face a face ao ambiente da Internet, ressaltando: experiências internacionais no uso das tecnologias digitais no contexto da pandemia; desafios nas consultas online, com destaque à importância dos domínios ético, técnico/tecnológico e da clínica recorrentes na literatura internacional; desafios e perspectivas do uso das tecnologias. É imprescindível desenvolver estratégias com incentivo governamental, visando a qualidade dos serviços oferecidos e a garantia de formação híbrida adequada.

Abstract Most countries did not have a consolidated digital health structure before the pandemic. Both social distancing and mental health problems resulting from the situation justify the urgency of discussions on web-mediated interventions. The objective of this work is to present the panorama of technological mediation in mental health services and their specificities in the context of the pandemic. This paper is grounded on a critical look at the migration from face-to-face care to the Internet environment, highlighting: the international experiences using digital technologies in the pandemic context; the challenges in online consultations, emphasizing the importance of the ethical, technical/technological, and clinical domains, which are recurring issues in the international literature; the challenges and perspectives in the use of technologies. It is essential to develop strategies aligned with government incentives, aiming at the quality of the offered services and the guarantee of an adequate hybrid qualification.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0275202239e200225

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