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Indirubin is an isomer of the blue dye indigo. It is widely used in Chinese medicine as part of therapy against many diseases and, thus, its skeleton becomes a promising candidate for new drug prototypes. Since it has low solubility, its properties could be improved through the insertion of hydrophilic and pharmacophoric groups, such as sugars bridged to 1,2,3-triazoles. Here, we report the synthesis of indirubin-based compounds evaluating two different routes: via the aldol condensation reaction of triazole-isatin derivatives with 3-acetoxyindole (pathway A) and reductive coupling of isatin, followed by N-propargylation of indirubin. We also performed reactivity studies guided by density functional theory (DFT) calculations (pathway B). As a demonstration, we simulate interactions with the glycogen synthase kinase 3β enzyme, which is associated with neurodegenerative diseases, through both molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. indigo thus prototypes solubility groups 1,2,3triazoles. 123triazoles triazoles 1,2,3 triazoles. 1 2 3 1,2,3-triazoles Here indirubinbased indirubin based routes triazoleisatin triazole isatin 3acetoxyindole acetoxyindole pathway A Npropargylation N propargylation DFT (DFT B. B . B) demonstration β enzyme simulations 3triazoles 1,2,3triazoles 123 1,2, 12 1,2 1,

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230159

Antagonismo de cepas de Trichoderma aisladas en Tanaxuri, Michoacán, México contra patógenos postcosecha del fruto de aguacate (Persea americana Mill)
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López-López, María Estela

; Toro-Sánchez, Carmen Lizette Del

; Ochoa-Ascencio, Salvador

; Aguilar-López, José Antonio

; Martínez-Cruz, Oliviert

; Madrigal-Pulido, Jaime Alberto

; Robles-García, Miguel Angel

; Bernal-Mercado, Ariadna Thalia

; Ávila-Novoa, María Guadalupe

; Guerrero-Medina, Pedro Javier

; Gutiérrez-Lomelí, Melesio

Biotecnia

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apr 2023, Volume 25 N. 1 Pages 24 - 33

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Algunas especies del género Trichoderma poseen la capacidad de parasitar hongos patógenos de plantas. Esta característica propicia un alto potencial de uso en el control de las enfermedades (antracnosis) causadas por hongos en el fruto de aguacate postcosecha. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de esta investigación fue el aislamiento e identificación de cepas nativas de Trichoderma de cultivos de aguacate con potencial antagonista in vivo e in vitro contra patógenos de este fruto. Las cepas fueron aisladas de raíz y suelo del huerto de aguacate en la localidad de Tanaxuri, Michoacán. Se obtuvieron seis cepas y se caracterizaron como TSONM1 (Trichoderma spp.), TRONM2 (Trichoderma spp.), TSONM3 (Trichoderma spp.), TSONM4 (Trichoderma spp.), TSONM5 (Trichoderma spp.) y TSONM6 (Trichoderma harzianum). Posteriormente, las cepas aisladas fueron confrontadas con Neofusicoccum parvum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Diaporthe sp. y Phomopsis perseae observándose inhibiciones in vitro mayores al 80 %. Mientras que en la evaluación in vivo, la cepa TSONM6 (Trichoderma harzianum) presentó mayor actividad antagónica contra C. gloeosporioides, Diaporthe sp. y P. persea. Adicionalmente, los frutos de aguacate tratados con TSONM6, presentaron mínimos porcentajes (< 2 %) de pudrición de la pulpa y pedúnculo. Por lo tanto, Thichoderma harzianun podría ser una buena alternativa para el control biológico del aguacate en postcosecha.

Abstract Some species of the genus Trichoderma have the ability to parasitize fungal plant pathogens. This characteristic provides a high potential for use in the control of diseases (anthracnose) caused by fungi in post-harvest avocado fruit. Therefore, the objective of this research was the isolation and identification of native Trichoderma strains from avocado cultures with antagonistic potential in vivo and in vitro against pathogens of this fruit. The strains were isolated from the root and soil of the avocado in the town of Tanaxuri, Michoacán. Six strains were obtained and characterized as TSONM1 (Trichoderma spp.), TRONM2 (Trichoderma spp.), TSONM3 (Trichoderma spp.), TSONM4 (Trichoderma spp.), TSONM5 (Trichoderma spp.) and TSONM6 (Trichoderma harzianum). Subsequently, the isolated strains were confronted with Neofusicoccum parvum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Diaporthe sp. and Phomopsis perseae, observing in vitro inhibitions greater than 80 %. In the in vivo evaluation, the TSONM6 strain (Trichoderma harzianum) showed greater antagonistic activity against C. gloeosporioides, Diaporthe sp. and P. persea. Additionally, the avocado fruits treated with TSONM6, presented minimum percentages (< 2 %) of pulp and peduncle rotting. Therefore, Thichoderma harzianun could be a good alternative for postharvest biological control of avocado.

https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v25i1.1726

Utilidad de la proteína C-reactiva en la sepsis neonatal temprana
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Puello Ávila, Antonio C.

; Cataño Villegas, Andrea E.

Revista chilena de infectología

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apr 2021, Volume 38 N. 2 Pages 169 - 177

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Background: The low sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic aids and the low isolation in cultures make it difficult to recognize early-onset bacterial sepsis in neonates. Aim: Determine the diagnostic validity of C reactive protein (CRP) in early neonatal sepsis. Method: The role of CRP in the diagnosis of early-onset neonatal sepsis was evaluated. Levels were measured at 12 and 48 hours of life in patients with suspected sepsis. When evaluating the sensitivity and specificity of the CRP, the result was used quantitatively, using a non-parametric ROC curve to estimate sensitivity and specificity, likelihood ratios and percentage of correct classification for each possible cut-off point. Results: The study included 198 patients. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, positive probability index and negative probability index of CRP, were 72.2 - 82.4 - 45.2 - 93.7 - 4.1, and 0.3, respectively with area under the curve of 0.78. Conclusions: CRP is particularly useful to rule out infection. Two negative serial CRP in the absence of clinical symptoms and positive blood cultures have a high negative predictive value and a negative probability index in favor of excluding infection with high certainty and/or discontinuing antibiotic therapy.

Resumen Introducción: La baja sensibilidad y especificidad de las ayudas diagnósticas y el bajo aislamiento en los cultivos dificulta el reconocimiento de la sepsis bacteriana de inicio temprano en neonatos. Objetivo: Determinar la validez diagnóstica de la de la proteína C reactiva (PCR) en la sepsis en la sepsis neonatal temprana. Método: Se evaluó el papel de la PCR en el diagnóstico de sepsis neonatal temprana. Las concentraciones se midieron a las 12 y 48 h de vida en pacientes con sospecha de sepsis. Al evaluar la sensibilidad y especificidad de la PCR, se utilizó el resultado de manera cuantitativa y mediante una curva ROC no paramétrica se estimó sensibilidad y especificidad, razones de verosimilitud y porcentaje de clasificación correcta para cada punto de corte posible. Resultados: El estudio incluyó 198 pacientes. La sensibilidad, especificidad, valor predictor positivo (VPP), valor predictor negativo (VPN), índice de probabilidad positiva e índice de probabilidad negativa de la PCR fue de 72,2 - 82,4 - 45,2 - 93,7 - 4,1 y 0,3, respectivamente con área bajo la curva de 0,78. Conclusiones: La PCR es particularmente útil para descartar una infección. Dos PCR seriadas negativas en ausencia de expresión clínica y de hemocultivos positivos tienen un alto VPN y un índice de probabilidad negativa a favor de excluir la infección con una alta certeza y/o de descontinuar la terapia antibiótica.

862 downloads

Plataforma digital para la satisfacción de las necesidades informacionales sobre la actividad científica estudiantil en Ciencias Médicas
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Hernández-García, Frank

; Robaina-Castillo, José Ignacio

; Lazo Herrera, Luis Alberto

; Sorí Peña, Juan Antonio

; Hidalgo Ávila, Milena

; Pérez Calleja, Norma C.

; González Díaz, Elena del Carmen

; Angulo Peraza, Blanca Margarita

Revista Cubana de Información en Ciencias de la Salud

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jun 2020, Volume 31 N. 2 elocation e1455

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Much as it is one of the cornerstones of undergraduate medical studies, students' scientific activity is yet to realize its full potential. The purpose of the study was to develop and validate a digital platform to meet the information needs of students' scientific activity at the University of Medical Sciences of Ciego de Avila, Cuba, from March 2018 to February 2019. The research was structured into three work stages: characterization, design and evaluation. The participants were third-year students majoring in medicine, dentistry, nursing and health technologies. The platform was designed on WordPress templates. Respondents ranked the information received about scientific activity as fair, and a considerable number of them did not have any information about the subject, though most thought such knowledge was necessary. Attendance by respondents to students' scientific meetings and national and international conferences was alarmingly low, as was the publication of their scientific results. The design and implementation of the digital platform make it possible to meet information needs concerning students' scientific activity, though such needs should be evaluated in all the years of the various majors. Generalization of the platform to other higher education institutions may contribute to undergraduate scientific research training in Cuba.

RESUMEN La actividad científica estudiantil, a pesar de constituir uno de los pilares en la formación universitaria en las Ciencias Médicas, todavía no logra alcanzar las potencialidades reales que posee. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue confeccionar y validar una plataforma digital para la satisfacción de las necesidades informacionales sobre la actividad científica estudiantil en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Ciego de Ávila, Cuba, en el período comprendido desde el mes de marzo del año 2018 a febrero de 2019. La investigación se delimitó en tres etapas de trabajo: caracterización, diseño y evaluación. Se trabajó con estudiantes de tercer año que se encontraban cursando las carreras de Medicina, Estomatología, Enfermería y Tecnologías de la Salud. La plataforma se diseñó utilizando plantillas de Wordpress. Los estudiantes encuestados valoraron de regular la información recibida sobre la actividad científica y existió un número considerable que no poseía información al respecto, a pesar de considerar en su mayoría que era necesario poseer este conocimiento. La frecuencia de este grupo de estudiantes en jornadas científicas estudiantiles y eventos nacionales e internacionales, así como la publicación de sus resultados científicos, resultó alarmantemente baja. El diseño y la implementación de la plataforma digital logra satisfacer necesidades informacionales en relación con la actividad científica estudiantil, si bien es necesario evaluar dichas necesidades en todos los años de las diferentes carreras. La generalización de la plataforma a otros centros de Educación Superior puede contribuir a la formación en investigación científica en el pregrado en Cuba.

Producción de metano y bióxido de carbono in vitro de pastos tropicales de la costa de Oaxaca, México
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Camacho-Escobar, Marco Antonio

; Galicia-Jiménez, Mónica Marcela

; Sánchez-Bernal, Edgar Iván

; Ávila-Serrano, Narciso Ysac

; López-Garrido, Serafín Jacobo

Terra Latinoamericana

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jun 2020, Volume 38 N. 2 Pages 425 - 434

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Summary: Tropical grasses have different chemical composition; when they are fermented in rumen, they show different values in digestibility, volatile fatty acid concentration (VFA), and methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) production. The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition, characterize fermentation, and estimate CH4 and CO2 emissions in vitro in tropical grasses of Oaxaca. For the experiment, 0.5 g of dry matter of the grasses Cynodon nlemfuensis, Andropogon gayanus, Pennisetum purpureum cv. Taiwan Morado, Pennisetum purpureum cv. Maralfalfa and Panicum maximum were incubated with 45 mL of culture medium for anaerobic microorganisms and deposited in 100 mL glass vials with CO2 flow. The grasses were inoculated with 5 mL of rumen fluid and incubated at 39 °C for 72 h. Biogas production and microorganism population were determined at 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. Volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations, pH and in vitro dry matter degradability (IVDMD) were determined at 72 h. CH4 and CO2 emissions were estimated at 24, 48, and 72 h. The response variables were evaluated by a completely randomized design with five replicates per treatment; the comparison of means was made with Tukey’s test. C. nlemfuensis had the highest (P < 0.05) crude protein content. The cellulolytic bacterial population was lower (P < 0.05) in Andropogon gayanus and Panicum maximum. Cynodon nlemfuensis, Andropogon gayanus and Pennisetum purpureum cv. Taiwan Morado had lower (P < 0.05) acetate concentrations; Panicum maximum had higher (P < 0.05) propionate concentration. Pennisetum purpureum cv. Maralfalfa showed the highest (P < 0.05) IVDMD and produced the lowest (P < 0.05) CH4 volumes; Cynodon nlemfuensis and Panicum maximum produced lower CO2 volumes.

Resumen: Los pastos tropicales poseen baja concentración de proteína cruda y mayor fibra detergente neutra. Los pastos fermentados en el rumen, presentan diferentes valores de digestibilidad, concentración de ácidos grasos volátiles (AGV), producción de metano (CH4) y bióxido de carbono (CO2). Objetivo: determinar la composición química, caracterizar la fermentación y estimar la producción de CH4 y CO2 in vitro en pastos tropicales de Oaxaca. Materiales y métodos. Los pastos (0.5 g de materia seca): Cynodon nlemfuensis, Andropogon gayanus, Penissetum purpureum cv. Taiwán Morado, Penissetum purpureum cv. Maralfalfa y Panicum maximum, fueron incubados con 45 mL de medio para microorganismos anaerobios, y depositados en viales de vidrio de 100 mL mantenidos en condiciones anaerobias con CO2. Los pastos fueron inoculados con cinco mL de fluido ruminal de bovino e incubados a 39 °C durante 72 h. A las 6, 12, 24, 48 72 h se determinó la producción de biogás y la población de microorganismos. La concentración de AGV, pH y degradación de la materia seca in vitro (DIVMS) se determinaron a 72 h. A 24, 48 y 72 h se midió la producción de CH4 y CO2. Las variables se evaluaron mediante un diseño completamente aleatorizado utilizando cinco repeticiones por tratamiento, la comparación de medias se realizó mediante la prueba de Tukey. Cynodon nlemfuensis tuvo el mayor contenido de proteína cruda (P = 0.05). Las poblaciones de bacterias celulolíticas presentaron menor conteo en Andropogon gayanus así como en Panicum máximum (P < 0.05). Cynodon nlemfuensis, Andropogon gayanus y Pennisetum purpureum cv. Taiwán Morado presentaron menores concentraciones de acetato (P < 0.05), Pannicum maximum tuvo mayor concentración de propionato (P < 0.05). Pennisetum purpureum cv. Maralfalfa presentó la mayor DIVMS y produjo menor volumen de CH4 (P < 0.05), Cynodon nlemfuensis y Pannicum maximum produjeron menores volúmenes de CO2 (P < 0.05).

https://doi.org/10.28940/terra.v38i2.628 403 downloads

Intermittent drying of clove basil leaves: Process optimization and essential oil yield
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Souza, Raiane A. de

; Melo, Evandro de C.

; Ávila, Mariane B. R. de

; Gonzaga, Diego A.

; Sperotto, Naiara C. Z.

; Carneiro, Antônio P. S.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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mar 2020, Volume 24 N. 3 Pages 209 - 215

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Este estudo investigou o efeito de um método de secagem com razões intermitentes no tempo efetivo de secagem, consumo específico de energia e rendimento de óleo essencial de folhas de manjericão cravo (Ocimum gratissimum L.). Os testes de secagem foram conduzidos no Laboratório de Pós-colheita de Plantas Medicinais, Aromáticas e Condimentares do Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, (20° 46’ 13.5” S; 42° 52’ 23.3” N, e altitude de 665 m) em outubro e novembro de 2017. O experimento foi conduzido usando um esquema fatorial 3 × 4, incluindo três temperaturas de secagem a 50, 60 e 70 °C, com quatro processos de secagem: contínua e as três razões intermitentes seguintes de secagem/repouso em minutos 10/20, 15/15 e 20/10. O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado e com três repetições. A aplicação da razão intermitente 10/20 reduziu o tempo efetivo de secagem e o consumo específico de energia. Quanto ao rendimento de óleo essencial, o uso da intermitência apresentou resultados diferentes para cada temperatura de secagem; os maiores rendimentos foram observados com secagem contínua a 50 °C e secagem com a razão intermitente 20/10 a 60 °C. Os resultados indicam que a secagem intermitente a 50 °C não é recomendada para preservar o rendimento de óleo essencial.

ABSTRACT This study investigated the effect of a drying method with intermittent ratios on the effective drying time, specific energy consumption and essential oil yield of clove basil (Ocimum gratissimum L.) leaves. The drying tests were conducted at the Postharvest Laboratory of Medicinal, Aromatic and Condiment Plants, from the Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil (20° 46’ 13.5” S; 42° 52’ 23.3” W, and altitude of 645 m) in October and November 2017. The experiment was conducted by using a 3 × 4 factorial scheme including three drying temperatures at 50, 60 and 70 °C, with four drying processes: continuous drying and the following three intermittent drying/tempering ratios in minutes: 10/20, 15/15 and 20/10. The design was completely randomized and with three repetitions. The application of the 10/20 intermittent ratio reduced the effective drying time and the specific energy consumption. Regarding the essential oil yield, the use of the intermittence presented different results for each temperature of drying; the highest yields were observed with continuous drying at 50 °C and drying with the 20/10 intermittent ratio at 60 °C. The results indicate that intermittent drying at 50 °C is not recommended to preserve essential oil yields.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n3p209-215 769 downloads

Extractos de los documentos de posicionamientos y recomendaciones mexicanas en enfermedades cardiovasculares y COVID-19
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Alcocer-Gamba, Marco A.

; Gutiérrez-Fajardo, Pedro

; Cabrera-Rayo, Alfredo

; Sosa-Caballero, Alejandro

; Piña-Reyna, Yigal

; Merino-Rajme, José A.

; Heredia-Delgado, José A.

; Cruz-Alvarado, Jaime E.

; Galindo-Uribe, Jaime

; Rogel-Martínez, Ulises

; González-Hermosillo, Jesús A.

; Ávila-Vanzzini, Nydia

; Sánchez-Carranza, Jesús A.

; Jímenez-Orozco, Jorge H.

; Sahagún-Sánchez, Guillermo

; Fanghänel-Salmón, Guillermo

; Albores-Figueroa, Rosenberg

; Carrillo-Esper, Raúl

; Reyes-Terán, Gustavo

; Cossio-Aranda, Jorge E.

; Borrayo-Sánchez, Gabriela

; Ríos, Manuel Odín de los

; Berni-Betancourt, Ana C.

; Cortés-Lawrenz, Jorge

; Leiva-Pons, José L.

; Ortiz-Fernández, Patricio H.

; López-Cuellar, Julio

; Araiza-Garaygordobil, Diego

; Madrid-Miller, Alejandra

; Saturno-Chiu, Guillermo

; Beltrán-Nevárez, Octavio

; Enciso-Muñoz, José M.

; García-Rincón, Andrés

; Pérez-Soriano, Patricia

; Herrera-Gomar, Magali

; Lozoya del Rosal, José J.

; Fajardo-Juárez, Armando I.

; Olmos-Temois, Sergio G.

; Rodríguez-Reyes, Humberto

; Ortiz-Galván, Fernando

; Márquez-Murillo, Manlio F.

; Celaya-Cota, Manuel de J.

; Cigarroa-López, José A.

; Magaña-Serrano, José A.

; Álvarez-Sangabriel, Amada

; Ruíz-Ruíz, Vicente

; Chávez-Mendoza, Adolfo

; Méndez-Ortíz, Arturo

; León-González, Salvador

; Guízar-Sánchez, Carlos

; Izaguirre-Ávila, Raúl

; Grimaldo-Gómez, Flavio A.

; Preciado-Anaya, Andrés

; Ruiz-Gastélum, Edith

; Fernández-Barros, Carlos L.

; Gordillo, Antonio

; Alonso-Sánchez, Jesús

; Cerón-Enríquez, Norma

; Núñez-Urquiza, Juan P.

; Silva-Torres, Jesús

; Pacheco-Beltrán, Nancy

; García-Saldivia, Marianna A.

; Pérez-Gámez, Juan C.

; Lezama-Urtecho, Carlos

; López-Uribe, Carlos

; López-Mora, Gerardo E.

; Rivera-Reyes, Romina

Archivos de cardiología de México

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2020, Volume 90 Suppl. 1 Pages 100 - 110

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract The recommendations in which the Mexican Society of Cardiology (SMC) in conjunction with the National Association of Cardiologists of Mexico (ANCAM) as well as different Mexican medical associations linked to cardiology are presented, after a comprehensive and consensual review and analysis of the topics related to cardiovascular diseases in the COVID-19 pandemic. Scientific positions are analyzed and responsible recommendations on general measures are given to patients, with personal care, healthy eating, regular physical activity, actions in case of cardio-respiratory arrest, protection of the patient and health personnel as well as precise indications in the use of non-invasive cardiovascular imaging, prescription of medications, care in specific topics such as systemic arterial hypertension, heart failure, arrhythmias and acute coronary syndromes, in addition to emphasizing electrophysiology, interventionism, cardiac surgery and in cardiac rehabilitation. The main interest is to provide the medical community with a general orientation on what to do in daily practice and patients with cardiovascular diseases in the setting of this unprecedented epidemiological crisis of COVID-19.

Resumen Se presentan las recomendaciones en las cuales la Sociedad Mexicana de Cardiología (SMC) en conjunto con la Asociación Nacional de Cardiólogos de México (ANCAM), así como diferentes asociaciones médicas mexicanas vinculadas con la cardiología, después de una revisión y análisis exhaustivo y consensuado sobre los tópicos relacionados con las enfermedades cardiovasculares en la pandemia de COVID-19, se analizan posturas científicas y se dan recomendaciones responsables sobre medidas generales a los pacientes, con cuidados personales, alimentación saludable, actividad física regular, acciones en caso de paro cardiorrespiratorio, la protección del paciente y del personal de salud así como las indicaciones precisas en el uso de la imagen cardiovascular no invasiva, la prescripción de medicamentos, cuidados en tópicos específicos como en la hipertensión arterial sistémica, insuficiencia cardiaca, arritmias y síndromes coronarios agudos, además de hacer énfasis en los procedimientos de electrofisiología, intervencionismo, cirugía cardiaca y en la rehabilitación cardiaca. El interés principal es brindar a la comunidad médica una orientación general sobre el quehacer en la práctica cotidiana y pacientes con enfermedades cardiovasculares en el escenario esta crisis epidemiológica sin precedentes de COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.24875/acm.m20000057 445 downloads

Propiedades fisicoquímicas de frutos silvestres de Rubus con potencial nutracéutico y alimenticio
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Rubio Ochoa, Eréndira

; Pérez Sánchez, Rosa

; Ávila Val, Teresa C.

; Gómez Leyva, Juan Florencio

; García Saucedo, Pedro Antonio

Revista mexicana de ciencias agrícolas

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nov 2019, Volume 10 N. spe23 Pages 291 - 301

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Rubus species are commonly exploited for fresh consumption, regional gastronomy and traditional herbalism, these benefits are attributed to the presence and action of their polyphenolic metabolites such as flavonoids and anthocyanins, which are known for their antidiabetic, anticancer, etc. In Mexico, around 15 wild species of Rubus are reported. However, population growth has invaded its territory, compromising its growth and development. Therefore, in order to rescue, study and incorporate Mexican wild materials into genetic improvement programs, the objective of this work was to evaluate the physicochemical composition and antioxidant activity in fruits of three wild species (Rubus adenotrichus, Rubus pringlei and Rubus glaucus Beth), compared against a commercial variety (Tupy). To accomplish this, fruits were collected in the state of Michoacán. Physicochemical parameters were evaluated and polyphenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins and antioxidant capacity (CA) were quantified in ethanolic extracts. In the results, the length of the fruit varied from 1.7-2.23 cm and the unit weight of 1.1-3.1 g, the ratio of total soluble solids and titratable acidity of 8.32-14.76. The total polyphenols reported data of 285.06-592.61 mg EAG/100 g PF, total flavonoids of 93.13-36.4 mg EQ/100 g PF and anthocyanins of 18.43-4.32 mg L-1. The CPA of 65.70-25.15 μM ET/g PF. This study showed that wild species comply with physicochemical and nutraceutical characteristics appreciated to be incorporated in breeding programs or the pharmaceutical industry.

Resumen Las especies del género Rubus, comúnmente son explotados para su consumo en fresco, gastronomía regional y herbolaria tradicional, dichos beneficios son atribuidos a la presencia y acción de sus metabolitos polifenólicos como los flavonoides y antocianinas, que son conocidos por su actividad antidiabética, anticancerígena, etc. En México se reportan alrededor de 15 especies silvestres del género Rubus. No obstante, el crecimiento poblacional ha invadido su territorio, comprometiendo su desarrollo. Por lo anterior y con el fin de rescatar e incorporar en programas de mejoramiento genético los materiales silvestres, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar la composición fisicoquímica y actividad antioxidante en frutos de tres especies silvestres (Rubus adenotrichus, Rubus pringlei y Rubus glaucus Beth), comparados contra una variedad comercial (Tupy). Se colectaron frutos en el estado de Michoacán y se evaluaron parámetros fisicoquímicos, polifenoles, flavonoides, antocianinas y capacidad antioxidante (CA) en extractos etanólicos. En los resultados, la longitud del fruto vario de 1.7-2.23 cm y el peso unitario de 1.1-3.1 g, la relación de sólidos solubles totales y acidez titulable de 8.32-14.76. Los polifenoles totales reportaron datos de 285.06-592.61 mg EAG/100 g PF, flavonoides totales de 93.13-36.4 mg EQ/100 g PF y antocianinas de 18.43-4.32 mg L-1. La CPA de 65.7-25.15 μM ET/g PF. Este estudio demostró que las especies silvestres cumplen con características fisicoquímicas y nutracéuticas para ser incorporadas en programas de fitomejoramiento o la industria farmacéutica.

https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v0i23.2028 927 downloads

Subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis due to Cladophialophora bantiana: a first case report in an immunocompetent patient in Latin America and a brief literature review
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Maquiné, Gustavo Ávila

; Rodrigues, Marcos Henrique Gurgel

; Schettini, Antônio Pedro Mendes

; Morais, Patricia Motta de

; Frota, Maria Zeli Moreira

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2019, Volume 52 elocation e20180480

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract We report a rare case of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis caused by Cladophialophora bantiana in an immunocompetent patient in Amazonas, Brazil. This dematiaceous fungus has been mainly associated with life-threatening infections affecting the central nervous systems of immunosuppressed patients. We present the clinical, laboratory, and therapeutic aspects, and in vitro susceptibility test results for different antifungal drugs. A brief review of the cases reported in the literature over the past 20 years has also been discussed. According to the literature review, the present case is the first report of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis due to C. bantiana in an immunocompetent patient in Latin America.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0480-2018 1283 downloads

10.

3ª Diretriz Brasileira de Transplante Cardíaco
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Bacal, Fernando

; Marcondes-Braga, Fabiana G.

; Rohde, Luis Eduardo Paim

; Xavier Júnior, José Leudo

; Brito, Flávio de Souza

; Moura, Lídia Ana Zytynski

; Colafranceschi, Alexandre Siciliano

; Lavagnoli, Carlos Fernando Ramos

; Gelape, Cláudio Leo

; Almeida, Dirceu Rodrigues

; Gaiotto, Fábio Antônio

; Atik, Fernando Antibas

; Figueira, Fernando Augusto M. S.

; Souza, Germano Emílio Conceição

; Rodrigues, Hélcio

; Campos, Iáscara Wozniak

; Souza Neto, João David de

; Rossi Neto, João Manoel

; Gasparetto, Juliano

; Goldraich, Lívia Adams

; Benvenuti, Luiz Alberto

; Seguro, Luis Fernando B. C.

; Ulhôa Júnior, Marcelo Botelho

; Moreira, Maria da Consolação V.

; Ávila, Mônica Samuel

; Carneiro, Rodrigo

; Mangini, Sandrigo

; Ferreira, Sílvia Moreira Ayub

; Strabelli, Tânia Mara

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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aug 2018, Volume 111 N. 2 Pages 230 - 289

Abstract: Pt | Text: Pt | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.5935/abc.20180153 28659 downloads

11.

Antifungal activity of Crotalaria longirostrata Hook. & Arn. extracts against phytopathogen fungi from maize
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Cruz-Rodríguez, Rosa Isela

; Meza-Gordillo, Rocío

; Rodríguez-Mendiola, Martha Alicia

; Arias-Castro, Carlos

; Mancilla-Margalli, Norma Alejandra

; Ávila-Miranda, Martín Eduardo

; Culebro-Ricaldi, José Miguel

; Gutiérrez-Miceli, Federico Antonio

; Ruiz-Valdiviezo, Víctor Manuel

; Ayora-Talavera, Teresa Del Rosario

Gayana. Botánica

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jun 2017, Volume 74 N. 1 Pages 167 - 175

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT In the present study, the hexane, acetone and methanol extracts of stem, branches and roots from Crotalaria longirostrata were evaluated for their antifungal activity against Fusarium sp., Fusarium verticillioides and Aspergillus flavus. The variables analyzed were inhibition halos, mycelial growth inhibition, sporulation and minimum inhibitory concentration. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of saponins, coumarins, anthrones, anthraquinones, flavonoids and alkaloids on different organic extracts. The hexane extract showed zones of inhibition between 6.3 and 10.5 mm. The mycelia growth and sporulation of A. flavus were reduced to 90% with methanol extract. The minimum inhibitory concentration values obtained with hexane extracts were 6.75 mg mL-1 and with methanol extracts were 50 and 25 mg mL-1 for Fusarium strains. This is the first study reporting of phytochemical composition and biological activity of C. longirostrata that could be used as a natural alternative to control in vitro of certain important pathogenic fungi.

RESUMEN En el presente estudio se evaluó la actividad antifúngica de los extractos hexánicos, cetónicos y metanólicos de tallo, ramas y raíces de Crotalaria longirostrata frente a los hongos Fusarium sp., Fusarium verticillioides y Aspergillus flavus. Las variables analizadas fueron halos de inhibición, la inhibición del crecimiento micelial, la inhibición de la esporulación y la concentración mínima inhibitoria. El análisis fitoquímico reveló la presencia de saponinas, cumarinas, antronas, antraquinonas, flavonoides y alcaloides en los diferentes extractos orgánicos. Los extractos hexánicos mostraron zonas de inhibición entre 6,3 y 10,5 mm. El crecimiento micelial y la esporulación de A. flavus se redujo 90% con los extractos metanólicos. El valor de la concentración mínima inhibitoria obtenida con los extractos hexánicos fue 6,75 mg mL-1 y con los extractos metanólicos fueron 50 y 25 mg ml-1 para las cepas de Fusarium. Este es el primer reporte del estudio de la composición fitoquímica y la actividad biológica de C. longirostrata que podría ser utilizada como una alternativa natural para el control in vitro de ciertos hongos patógenos importantes.

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12.

Reporte de cisticercosis en ovinos faenados en el corregimiento de Ballesta, Bolívar, Colombia
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Caicedo Martínez, Jahnier Andrés

; ávila Rubiano, María Angélica

; Hernández-Ortiz, Byron Abdel

; Martelo Torres, Antonio

CES Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia

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dec 2016, Volume 11 N. 3 Pages 35 - 47

Abstract: Es En Pt | Text: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Los ovinos son los hospederos intermediaros de Taenia hydatigena y su forma de presentación es el Cysticercus tenuicollis. Produce pérdidas económicas asociadas a la disminución de peso y al decomiso de los órganos afectados. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de quistes por cisticercos en canales de ovejas, hacer la clasificación taxonómica, describir las localizaciones más frecuentes, estudiar la histología de la hepatitis por cisticerco en ovinos destinados al beneficio provenientes del corregimiento de Ballesta, Bolívar y poblaciones aledañas, Colombia. Se estudiaron 23 ovinos (4 hembras y 19 machos) entre agosto y noviembre de 2015. La prevalencia puntual fue del 39.13% (9/23). El 56% de los animales (5/9) tenían condición corporal (C.C) 2; el 22% (2/9) C.C 3, y el 22% (2/9) C.C 4. El 78% de los animales (7/9) presentaron un solo quiste, y el 22% (2/9), dos quistes. Los quistes se localizaron en la serosa del rumen: 44% (4/9); serosa del abomaso: 22% (2/9); hígado: 22% (2/9); vejiga: 22% (2/9); y diafragma: 11% (1/9). El metacéstodo identificado fue Cysticercus tenuicollis perteneciente al estado larval de la tenia Taenia hidatigena. Las lesiones diagnosticadas en hígado fueron infiltrado severo de eosinófilos, linfocitos y células plasmáticas; fibrosis hepática y colangiohepatitis mixta multifocal. En conclusión, la cisticercosis afecta el hígado de los ovinos y tiene un efecto potencialmente perjudicial sobre la productividad del rebaño. Este es el primer informe que describe en ovejas el diagnóstico post mortem de la infección por C. tenuicollis en Colombia.

Sheep are the intermediate hosts of Cysticercus tenuicollis, the metacestode of Taenia hydatigena. Cysticercosis produces economic losses associated with loss of condition and offal condemnation at slaughter. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of C. tenuicollis cysts in sheep, the most common sites and the histology of livers affected by this parasite in Bolivar, Colombia. This study included 23 sheep (4 females and 19 males) and it was carried out between August and November 2015. The prevalence of C. tenuicollis cysts was 39.13% (9/23). Fifty six percent (5/9) of the animals had body condition (BC: scale of 1 to 5) of 2; 22% (2/9) 3, and 22% (2/9) 4. A single cyst was found in 78% (7/9) of the animals, and 22% (2/9) had two cysts. Cysts were located in the rumen serosa: 44% (4/9); abomasal serosa: 22% (2/9); liver: 22% (2/9); bladder serosa 22% (2/9); and diaphragm: 11% (1/9). The C. tenuicollis metacestodes belonged to the species Taenia hydatigena. Lesions in the liver of all affected animals consisted of severe infiltration of eosinophils, lymphocytes and plasma cells. Also present were areas of periportal fibrosis. In conclusion, cysticercosis damages the liver of sheep and potentially have a deleterious effect on the productivity of the flock. This is the first report describing post-mortem diagnosis of Cysticercus tenuicollis infection in sheep in Colombia.

Os carneiros sã o os anfitriões de intermediários Taenia hydatigena e sua apresentaçã o é a Cysticercus tenuicollis. Ela produz prejuízos económicos associados com reduçã o de peso e a apreensã o dos órgã os afetados. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a prevalência de cistos cisticercos em canais de ovelhas, tornar a classificaçã o taxonô mica, descrever os locais mais comuns, estudar a histologia dos cisticercos hepatite em ovinos destinados a beneficiar da populações circundante de Ballesta, Bolívar, Colômbia. Forum estudados 23 ovelhas (4 mulheres e 19 homens) entre agosto e novembro de 2015. A prevalência pontual foi 39,13% (9/23). 56% dos animais (5/9) tinha condiçã o corporal (C.C.) 2; 22% (09/02) 3 CC, e 22% (2/9) CC 4. 78% dos animais (7/9) tinha um único cisto, e 22% (09/02), dois cistos. Cistos foram localizados na serosa do rúmen: 44% (4/9); abomaso serosa: 22% (09/02); hepática: 22% (2/9); bexiga: 22% (09/02); e diafragma: 11% (09/01). O metacestóide foi identificado Cysticercus tenuicollis pertencentes ao estágio larval da tênia Taenia hydatigena. As lesões hepáticas graves foram diagnosticados infiltrados de eosinófilos, linfócitos e células de plasma; fibrose hepática e colangiohepatitis misturado multifocal. Em conclusã o, cisticercose afecta o fígado de carneiro e tem um efeito potencialmente nocivo sobre a produtividade do rebanho. Este é o primeiro relatório que descreve no diagnóstico postmortem ovelhas de infecçã o por C. tenuicollis na Colô mbia..

1813 downloads

13.

Alkaloids and phenolics biosynthesis increases mango resistance to infection by Ceratocystis fimbriata
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Araujo, Leonardo

; Bispo, Wilka Messner Silva

; Rios, Jonas Alberto

; Fernandes, Sergio Antonio

; Rodrigues, Fabrício de Ávila

Bragantia

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jun 2016, Volume 75 N. 2 Pages 199 - 211

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Mango wilt, caused by Ceratocystis fimbriata, is one of the most important diseases affecting mango yields in Brazil. Information regarding the biochemical mechanisms involved in mango resistance against C. fimbriata is absent in the literature. Thus, the present study determined and quantified alkaloids and phenolics in the stem tissue of mango plants from Palmer (susceptible) and Ubá (resistant) cultivars. Furthermore, it was examined the effect of these secondary metabolites against C. fimbriata growth in vitro. The high-performance liquid chromatography revealed that the concentration of two alkaloids (theobromine and 7-methylxanthine) and six phenolic compounds (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, catechin and epicatechin) in the inoculated plants from cv. Ubá was higher in comparison with inoculated plants from cv. Palmer. The concentration of the secondary metabolites was higher in the non-inoculated plants from cv. Palmer than in the inoculated ones, while the opposite was observed for plants of cv. Ubá. Peaks in the concentrations of secondary metabolites in the inoculated plants from both cultivars occurred at 7 and 14 days after inoculation. The different concentrations (10 to 30 mg∙mL−1) of secondary metabolites added to the Petri dishes greatly inhibited C. fimbriata growth over time. These results suggest that secondary metabolites played an important role in the resistance of mango plants against C. fimbriata infection.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.261 3781 downloads

14.

Characterization and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Escherichia coli isolated from feces of healthy broiler chickens
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Stella, Ariel Eurides

; Oliveira, Maria Cristina De

; Fontana, Vera Lúcia Dias da Silva

; Maluta, Renato Paris

; Borges, Clarissa Araújo

; Ávila, Fernando Antônio de

Arquivos do Instituto Biológico

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2016, Volume 83 elocation e0392014

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Cepas de Escherichia coli patogênica para aves (APEC) estão isoladas das lesões de frangos com colibacilose, uma doença que causa sinais clínicos sistêmicos ou localizados. As APEC compartilham algumas características com as cepas de Escherichia coli que produzem doenças extraintestinais nos seres humanos. Ainda não há um consenso sobre a definição de patotipos das cepas de APEC, no que diz respeito à presença das características de virulência. Entretanto, nos últimos anos, foram definidos cinco indicadores mínimos para a identificação de patotipos das cepas de APEC. Os isolados de E. coli utilizados neste trabalho foram testados por meio de reação em cadeia de polimerase (PCR) para os cinco indicadores mínimos e para cva C. Os isolados que possuíam os cinco indicadores mínimos foram definidos como potenciais cepas de APEC. As categorias APEC e não APEC apresentaram alta resistência (> 50%) à cefalotina, eritromicina, estreptomicina, sulfametoxazol mais trimetoprim, ampicilina e amoxicilina. Possíveis cepas de APEC foram significativamente mais resistentes à cefalotina (p < 0,05) e neomicina (p < 0,01) do que as cepas não-APEC. Estas foram significativamente mais resistentes à tetraciclina (p < 0,01) do que as possíveis cepas de APEC. Esses resultados demonstram que as fezes dos frangos de corte albergam cepas de E.coli com características de resistência, apresentando ou não potencialidade de causar colibacilose. Em função das características de similaridade entre APEC e doenças extraintestinais nos seres humanos, estas cepas resistentes são de interesse à saúde pública.

ABSTRACT: Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) strains are isolated from lesions of poultry presenting colibacillosis, which is a disease that causes either systemic or localized clinical signs. Such strains share many characteristics with E. coli strains that cause extra-intestinal illness in humans. There is not a consensus on how to define the APEC pathotype with regard to the presence of virulence traits. On the other hand, in the past few years, five minimal predictors for APEC detection were proposed. The E. coli isolates in this work were tested through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to the five proposed minimal predictors and cva C. The strains presenting them were categorized as potential APEC. The APEC and non-APEC categories showed high resistance (> 50%) to cephalotin, erythromycin, streptomycin, sulphametoxazol/trimethoprim, ampicillin, and amoxicillin. Potential APEC strains were significantly more resistant to cephalotin (p < 0.05) and neomcycin (p < 0.01) than non-APEC. These latter were significantly more resistant to tetracycline (p < 0.01) than the potential APEC strains. These results demonstrate that feces of poultry present E. coli strains with resistant features, showing or not the potential of causing colibacillosis in poultry. Because APEC and extra-intestinal illness in humans may be similar, these resistant strains are of interest to public health.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657000392014 2968 downloads

15.

II Diretriz de Avaliação Perioperatória da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia
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Feitosa, Alina Coutinho Rodrigues

; Marques, André Coelho

; Caramelli, Bruno

; Ayub, Beatriz

; Polanczyk, Carisi A.

; Jardim, Carlos

; Vieira, Carolina L. Zilli

; Pinho, Claudio

; Calderaro, Daniela

; Gualandro, Danielle Menosi

; Iezzi, Denise

; Ikeoka, Dimas T.

; Schreen, Dirk

; D'Amico, Elbio Antonio

; Pfeferman, Elcio

; Lima, Emerson Quintino de

; Burdmann, Emmanuel de A.

; Pachon, Enrique

; Machado, Fabio Santana

; Galas, Filomena Regina Barbosa Gomes

; Paula, Flávio Jota de

; Carvalho, Francine Corrêa de

; Feitosa-Filho, Gilson Soares

; Prado, Gustavo Faibischew

; Lopes, Heno F.

; Lima, José Jaime Galvão de

; Marchini, Julio Flavio Meirelles

; Fornari, Luciana S.

; Drager, Luciano F.

; Vacanti, Luciano Janussi

; Hajjar, Ludhmila Abrahão

; Rohde, Luis Eduardo P.

; Gowdak, Luís Henrique

; Cardoso, Luiz Francisco

; Vieira, Marcelo Luiz Campos

; Monachini, Maristela C.

; Macatrão, Milena

; Yu, Pai Ching

; Villaça, Paula Ribeiro

; Farsky, Pedro Silvio

; Lopes, Renato Delascio

; Bagnatori, Renato Scotti

; Heinisch, Roberto Henrique

; Gualandro, Sandra F. Menosi

; Accorsi, Tarso Augusto Duenhas

; Ávila, Walkiria Samuel

; Mathias Jr., Wilson

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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2011, Volume 96 N. 3 Pages 1 - 68

Abstract: Pt | Text: Pt | PDF: Pt

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