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Abstract Objective: To identify the most prevalent oral lesions based on reports from a pathology institute’s reports and associations between malignant and oral potentially malignant disorders with patient’s demographic variables and the anatomical location. Material and Methods: All 1,298 histopathological reports of oral lesions recorded in the database were reviewed. Demographic variables, anatomical location of the lesion, histopathological diagnosis of the lesions, and their biological behavior were analyzed. Results: Regarding the biological behavior of the identified lesions, benign lesions were predominant (70%), followed by lesions of undetermined behavior (14.3%), malignant lesions (14.2%), absence of histological alteration (1.2%), and finally, oral potentially malignant disorders (0.5%). The anatomical locations of the most prevalent oral lesions potentially malignant disorders and malignant were in the following structures of the oral cavity: gums, buccal mucosa, floor of the mouth and hard palate (p=49.2%), and tongue (p=48.7%). Conclusion: The probability of malignant and premalignant lesions was higher among males (PR= 4.21; 95% CI 2.08-6.22), the increase in age (PR = 1.06; 95% CI 1.05-1.08), and in the tongue region (PR = 5.48; 95% CI 1.67; 17.92). Identification of malignant and potentially malignant oral conditions is higher in older men and in tongue specimens. Objective institutes institute s patients patient Methods 1298 1 298 1,29 reviewed lesion analyzed Results 70%, 70 70% , (70%) 14.3%, 143 14.3% 14 3 (14.3%) 14.2%, 142 14.2% 2 (14.2%) 1.2%, 12 1.2% (1.2%) finally 0.5%. 05 0.5% . 0 5 (0.5%) cavity gums mucosa p=49.2%, p492 p p=49.2% 49 (p=49.2%) p=48.7%. p487 p=48.7% 48 7 (p=48.7%) Conclusion PR= PR 4.21 421 4 21 95 2.086.22, 208622 2.08 6.22 08 6 22 2.08-6.22) 1.06 106 06 1.051.08, 105108 1.05 1.08 1.05-1.08) 5.48 548 1.67 167 67 17.92. 1792 17.92 17 92 17.92) specimens 129 29 1,2 (70% 14.3 (14.3% 14.2 (14.2% 1.2 (1.2% 0.5 (0.5% p49 p=49.2 (p=49.2% p48 p=48.7 (p=48.7% 4.2 42 9 086 2.086.22 20862 208 2.0 622 6.2 2.08-6.22 1.0 10 051 1.051.08 10510 105 108 1.05-1.08 5.4 54 1.6 16 179 17.9 1, (70 14. (14.3 (14.2 1. (1.2 0. (0.5 p4 p=49. (p=49.2 p=48. (p=48.7 4. 2.086.2 2086 20 2. 62 6. 2.08-6.2 1.051.0 1051 1.05-1.0 5. 17. (7 (14. (1. (0. p=49 (p=49. p=48 (p=48. 2.086. 2.08-6. 1.051. 1.05-1. ( (14 (1 (0 p=4 (p=49 (p=48 2.086 2.08-6 1.051 1.05-1 p= (p=4 2.08- 1.05- (p= (p