Abstract Introduction: chronic inflammation contributes to a wide range of metabolic disorders through the influence of diet. The dietary inflammatory index (DII) was developed to measure the inflammation potential of diet. Objectives: Uygur adults have a high prevalence of obesity, but the causes of this condition remain unclear. In this study we investigated the association between DII and adipocytokines among overweight and obese Uygur adults. Methods: a total of 283 obese and overweight Uygur adults were included. Sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, dietary surveys and biochemical indicators were collected by standardized protocols. The DII score was calculated using a valid and reliable 93-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Linear regression was used to estimate the relationship between DII and adipocytokines. Results: the DII score was 1.35 ± 1.08, ranging from -2.14 to +3.11. There was a significant inverse correlation between DII and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the unadjusted model (β = -0.12, p = 0.02), and this remained after adjustment for age, gender, body mass index (BMI). DII was negatively associated with adiponectin (ADPN) (β = -203.15, p = 0.04) and positively associated with leptin (LEP) concentration (β = 1.64, p = 0.002) after adjustment for age, gender and BMI. Conclusion: a pro-inflammatory diet, as indicated by a higher DII score, is associated with adipose tissue inflammation in Uygur adults and supports the hypothesis that diet may play a role in the development of obesity through inflammatory modulation mechanisms. A healthy anti-inflammatory diet is feasible for obesity intervention in the future.

Resumen Introducción: la inflamación crónica causa múltiples trastornos metabólicos a través de la influencia de la dieta. El índice de inflamación dietética (DII) se estableció para medir el potencial inflamatorio de la dieta. Objetivo: los adultos de Uygur presentan una alta prevalencia de obesidad, pero las causas de esta condición aún no están claras. En el presente estudio se investigó la relación entre DII y adipocitocinas en adultos uigur con sobrepeso y obesidad. Métodos: se incluyeron 283 adultos de Uygur obesos y con sobrepeso. Las características sociodemográficas, antropométricas, dietéticas y bioquímicas se recogieron mediante un protocolo estandarizado. El índice DII se calculó utilizando un cuestionario de frecuencia alimentaria (FFQ) válido y fiable de 93 elementos. Se realizó una regresión lineal para estimar la relación entre DII y adipocitocinas. Resultados: la puntuación DII fue de 1,35 ± 1,08 y osciló entre -2,14 y +3,11. En el modelo no ajustado hubo una correlación negativa significativa entre DII y colesterol lipoproteínico de alta densidad (HDL-C) (β = -0,12, p = 0,02) que permaneció después de ajustar la edad, el sexo y el índice de masa corporal (IMC). Después de ajustar la edad, el sexo y el IMC, el DII se correlacionó negativamente con la concentración de adiponectina (β = - 203,15, p = 0,04) y positivamente con la concentración de leptina (β = 1,64, p = 0002). Conclusión: las puntuaciones más altas de DII sugieren que la dieta proinflamatoria está relacionada con la inflamación del tejido adiposo en los adultos de Uygur, y apoyan la hipótesis de que la dieta puede desempeñar un papel en el desarrollo de la obesidad a través del mecanismo de regulación de la inflamación. La dieta antiinflamatoria saludable es factible para futuras intervenciones de obesidad.

SUMMARY: The Saanen goat is known as the greatest milk producer among small ruminat breeds. However, its morphometric features still remain unclear. Therefore, the present work aimed to investigate the functional anatomy of the upper and lower jaws as well as the volumetric properties of the male and female Saanen goat for clinical applications. The heads of 20 adult animals (10 males and 10 females) were included. Totally, 22 morphometric parameters were measured on three dimensional computed tomographic images using RadiAnt DICOM Viewer software and some parameters were measured on hot macerated sample. The mean volume of paranasal sinuses as well as conchal sinuses were estimated using stereological method. Based on the results, the differences between males and females were not significant (p>0.05) in all desired parameters.The frontal and lacrimal sinuses were the largest and smallest paranasal sinus in both sexes. Also, the dorsal and middle conchal sinuses were the largest and smallest ones, respectively. The common nasal meatus was the smallest and ventral meatus was the largest meatus in the nasal cavity. In conclusion, these findings provide a basic data that would be useful in blocking terminal branches of the cranial nerves in this breed for surgical purpose or teeth injuries treatment.

RESUMEN: La cabra Saanen es conocida como la mayor productora de leche entre las razas de pequeños ruminos, sin embargo, sus características morfométricas aún permanecen sin revelar. Por lo tanto, el presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo investigar la anatomía de los huesos del cráneo y cara, así como sus propiedades volumétricas, en la cabra Saanen, tanto del macho como de la hembra con la finalidad de contribuir con las aplicaciones clínicas. Se incluyeron las cabezas de 20 animales adultos (10 machos y 10 hembras). Se midieron 22 parámetros morfométricos en imágenes de tomografía computarizada tridimensionales utilizando el software RadiAnt DICOM Viewer; algunos parámetros se midieron en muestra macerada en calor. El volumen medio de los senos paranasales y concales se estimó mediante método estereológico. En base a los resultados, las diferencias entre machos y hembras no fueron significativas (p> 0.05) en todos los parámetros deseados. Los senos frontal y lagrimal eran de mayor y menor volumen en ambos sexos, respectivamente. Además, los senos conchal dorsal y medio eran los más grandes y los más pequeños, respectivamente. El meato nasal común fue el más pequeño y el meato ventral el más grande en la cavidad nasal. En conclusión, estos hallazgos brindan un dato básico que sería útil en el bloqueo de las ramas terminales de los nervios craneales en esta raza, con fines quirúrgicos o tratamiento de lesiones dentales.

Abstract: The popularity of multiplayer online battle arena games is closely linked to customer engagement. The purpose is to investigate the influences that individual motivators and environmental antecedents have upon customer engagement and continuous playing games intention, and compare the impacts between playing Multiplayer online battle arena games on personal computers and on mobile phones. A Triadic reciprocal determinism framework was developed to explain the relationship among individual motivator (flow experience), environmental antecedents (technical features and social interaction), individual behavior (continuous playing games intention), and customer engagement within multiplayer online battle arena gaming settings. Altogether 531 questionnaires from multiplayer online battle arena players were collected. Structural equation modeling with Smart-partial least squares was used to evaluate the research model. The findings suggest that the influence of flow experience on customer engagement in personal computers gaming is more significant than that in mobile gaming, while the effects of perceived ease of use and offline social interaction on customer engagement in mobile gaming are comparatively higher. This study indicates the importance of flow experience, perceived control, perceived ease of use, and social interaction in the Multiplayer online battle arena gaming development and the prosperity for better customers engaged, and to enhance customer experience.

Lung cancer is the most common malignancy worldwide and is characterized by rapid progression, aggressive behavior, frequent recurrence, and poor prognosis. The TCGA database indicates that chondroitin polymerizing factor (CHPF) is overexpressed in human lung cancer tissues compared with normal tissues and this overexpression corresponds to shorter overall survival in lung cancer patients. In this study, to investigate the function of CHPF in lung cancer, lentiviral vectors expressing CHPF shRNA were stably transduced into A549 and H1299 cells. Compared to shCtrl cells, CHPF knockdown cells had significantly reduced proliferation. Furthermore, the silencing of CHPF in A549 and H1299 cells resulted in apoptotic induction, which led to decreased colony formation. Wound healing and transwell invasion assays revealed that CHPF could positively regulate the migration of lung cancer cells. The tumorigenic role of CHPF was also validated in nude mouse xenograft models. Affymetrix gene chip analysis indicated that CHPF regulated the proliferation and invasion of lung cancer cells through CDH1, RRM2, MKI67, and TNFRSF10B. We thus highlight CHPF as a novel target for lung cancer treatment.

RESUMO Já se confirmou que o sistema do complemento exerce um papel cada vez mais importante nos acidentes vasculares cerebrais isquêmicos. Este estudo teve o objetivo de determinar se o polimorfismo de nucleotídeo único (SNP) do gene codificador do componente 5 (C5) influencia de forma independente a ocorrência, a severidade e o desfecho em longo prazo do acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico (AVCI) em pacientes chineses. Métodos Variantes genéticas rs17611 do C5 foram investigadas em 494 pacientes com AVCI e em 330 indivíduos controles. O AVCI foi classificado em subtipos e os pacientes foram avaliados 90 dias após o acidente vascular, através da Escala Modificada de Rankin (mRS), para determinação do desfecho do acidente. Resultados A presença de polimorfismo do C5 foi associada à incidência de AVCI do subtipo com aterosclerose de grandes artérias (AGA) (n = 200; p = 0,031), que persistiu mesmo após os ajustes de covariáveis (RP = 1,518; 95% IC = 1,093–2,018; p = 0,013). Entretanto, nenhuma associação foi observada entre os genótipos e a severidade ou o desfecho do acidente vascular (p = 0,978; p = 0,296). Conclusões O polimorfismo do C5 pode contribuir para o risco de AVCI do tipo com AGA, independentemente de outros riscos preditores conhecidos.

ABSTRACT The complement system has been confirmed to play an increasingly important role in ischemic stroke (IS). This study aimed to determine whether the single-nucleotide polymorphism of the complement 5 (C5) gene independently influences the occurrence, severity, and long-term outcome of IS in Chinese patients. Methods C5 rs17611 genetic variants were investigated in 494 IS patients and 330 control individuals .Ischemic stroke was classified into subtypes and patients were assessed 90 days post-stroke with the modified Rankin Scale to determine stroke outcome. Results The presence of C5 polymorphism was associated with the incidence of large artery atherosclerosis (LAA)-subtype IS (n =2 00; p = 0.031), which even persisted after adjustment for covariates (OR = 1.518; 95%CI = 1.093–2.018; p = 0.013). However, no association was found between genotypes and the severity and outcome of stroke (p = 0.978; p = 0.296). Conclusions The C5 polymorphism might contribute to the risk of LAA-subtype IS independently of other known risk predictors.

Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) is a mitochondrial flavoprotein that mediates both NADH-oxidizing and caspase-independent apoptosis. Further, the proapoptotic activity of AIF is located in the C-terminus of AIF, although the precise minimum sequence responsible for apoptosis induction remains to be investigated. In the present study, we generated two truncated AIFs, AIFΔ1-480-FLAG, which is a FLAG-tagged C-terminal peptide comprising amino acids from 481 to 613, and AIF360-480 containing amino acids from 360 to 480 of AIF. We used confocal microscopy to demonstrate that both the truncated proteins are expressed and located in the cytoplasm of transfected cells. AIFΔ1-480 but not AIF360-480 induces apoptosis in transfected cells. We also found that the expression of AIFΔ1-480 could initiate the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria. The suppression of caspase-9 via siRNA blocked the proapoptotic activity of AIFΔ1-480. Therefore, AIFΔ 1-480 is sufficient for inducing caspase-9-dependent apoptotic signaling, probably by promoting the release of cytochrome c. At last, we generated a chimeric immuno-AIFΔ 1-480 protein, which comprised an HER2 antibody, a Pseudomonas exotoxin A translocation domain and AIFΔ 1-480. Human Jurkat cells transfected with the immuno-AIFΔl-480 gene could express and secrete the chimeric protein, which selectively recognize and kill HER2-overexpressing tumor cells. Our study demonstrates the feasibility of the immuno-AIFΔl-480 gene as a novel approach to treating HER2-overexpressing cancers.