Abstract Background Significant association between bullous pemphigoid (BP) and stroke has been reported. This study aimed to evaluate the level of anti-BP180 antibody in stroke patients to explore the relationship between BP and stroke in their pathogenesis. Methods We collected serum samples from stroke patients and matched controls between February 2019 and June 2020. The anti-BP180 antibody levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results A total of 1183 stroke patients including 970 with cerebral infarction (CI), 192 with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), 21 with CI and ICH, and 855 controls were enrolled in this study. Anti-BP180 autoantibody values were significantly higher in stroke patients than in controls (p < 0.001). Anti-BP180 autoantibody-positive rates were 12.51% (148) in stroke patients and 4.68% (40) in controls (p < 0.001, OR = 2.65). In anti-BP180 autoantibody-positive subjects, the values were significantly higher in stroke patients than in controls (p < 0.001). However, only 10 (6.76%) stroke patients and 3 (7.5%) controls had high values (> 100 RU/mL) (p = 0.87). Stratified analysis showed that anti-BP180 antibody positive rates were independent of age, sex, and stroke subtypes in the stroke group. Positive rates in patients with both CI and ICH were nearly two times higher than those in patients with either CI or ICH alone (p = 0.11, OR = 1.94). Study limitations This study had a limited sample size and lacked quantitative criteria for stroke severity. Conclusions Anti-BP180 antibody values and positive rates were higher in stroke patients than in controls, suggesting that stroke patients may have higher of developing BP. (BP reported antiBP180 antiBP anti BP180 anti-BP18 pathogenesis 201 2020 enzymelinked enzyme linked ELISA. ELISA . (ELISA) 118 97 CI, , (CI) 19 (ICH) 2 85 AntiBP180 AntiBP Anti Anti-BP18 p 0.001. 0001 0.001 0 001 0.001) autoantibodypositive 1251 12 51 12.51 148 (148 468 4 68 4.68 40 (40 2.65. 265 2.65 65 2.65) subjects However 1 6.76% 676 6 76 (6.76% 7.5% 75 7 5 (7.5% > ( RU/mL RUmL RU mL 0.87. 087 0.87 87 0.87) age sex group 011 11 0.11 1.94. 194 1.94 94 1.94) severity antiBP18 BP18 anti-BP1 20 202 (ELISA 9 (CI (ICH 8 AntiBP18 Anti-BP1 000 0.00 00 125 12.5 14 (14 46 4.6 (4 26 2.6 6.76 67 (6.76 7.5 (7.5 08 0.8 01 0.1 1.9 antiBP1 BP1 anti-BP AntiBP1 Anti-BP 0.0 12. (1 4. 2. 6.7 (6.7 7. (7. 0. 1. 6. (6. (7 (6

Although bivalirudin has been recently made available for purchase in China, large-scale analyses on the safety profile of bivalirudin among Chinese patients is lacking. Thus, this study aimed to compare the safety profile of bivalirudin and heparin as anticoagulants in Chinese ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). A total of 1063 STEMI patients undergoing PCI and receiving bivalirudin (n=424, bivalirudin group) or heparin (n=639, heparin group) as anticoagulants were retrospectively enrolled. The net adverse clinical events (NACEs) within 30 days after PCI were recorded, including major adverse cardiac and cerebral events (MACCEs) and bleeding events (bleeding academic research consortium (BARC) grades 2-5 (BARC 2-5)). The incidences of NACEs (10.1 vs 15.6%) (P=0.010), BARC 2-5 bleeding events (5.2 vs 10.3%) (P=0.003), and BARC grades 3-5 (BARC 3-5) bleeding events (2.1 vs 5.5%) (P=0.007) were lower in the bivalirudin group compared to the heparin group, whereas general MACCEs incidence (8.9 vs 6.4%) (P=0.131) and each category of MACCEs (all P>0.05) did not differ between two groups. Furthermore, the multivariate logistic analyses showed that bivalirudin (vs heparin) was independently correlated with lower risk of NACEs (OR=0.508, P=0.002), BARC 2-5 bleeding events (OR=0.403, P=0.001), and BARC 3-5 bleeding events (OR=0.452, P=0.042); other independent risk factors for NACEs, MACCEs, or BARC bleeding events included history of diabetes mellitus, emergency operation, multiple lesional vessels, stent length >33.0 mm, and higher CRUSADE score (all P<0.05). Thus, bivalirudin presented a better safety profile than heparin among Chinese STEMI patients undergoing PCI. China largescale large scale lacking Thus STsegment ST segment (STEMI . (PCI) 106 n=424, n424 n 424 (n=424 n=639, n639 639 (n=639 enrolled (NACEs 3 recorded (MACCEs 25 2 5 2- 25. 2-5)) 10.1 101 10 1 (10. 15.6% 156 15 6 P=0.010, P0010 P P=0.010 , 0 010 (P=0.010) 5.2 52 (5. 10.3% 103 P=0.003, P0003 P=0.003 003 (P=0.003) 35 3- 2.1 21 (2. 5.5% 55 P=0.007 P0007 007 (P=0.007 8.9 89 8 9 (8. 6.4% 64 4 P=0.131 P0131 131 (P=0.131 all P>0.05 P005 05 groups Furthermore OR=0.508, OR0508 OR 508 (OR=0.508 P=0.002, P0002 P=0.002 002 P=0.002) OR=0.403, OR0403 403 (OR=0.403 P=0.001, P0001 P=0.001 001 P=0.001) OR=0.452, OR0452 452 (OR=0.452 P=0.042 P0042 042 P=0.042) mellitus operation vessels 330 33 >33. mm P<0.05. P<0.05 P<0.05) (PCI n=424 n42 42 (n=42 n=639 n63 63 (n=63 2-5) 10. (10 15.6 P001 P=0.01 01 (P=0.010 5. (5 10.3 P000 P=0.00 00 (P=0.003 2. (2 5.5 (P=0.00 8. (8 6.4 P=0.13 P013 13 (P=0.13 P>0.0 P00 OR=0.508 OR050 50 (OR=0.50 OR=0.403 OR040 40 (OR=0.40 OR=0.452 OR045 45 (OR=0.45 P=0.04 P004 04 >33 P<0.0 n=42 n4 (n=4 n=63 n6 (n=6 (1 15. P=0.0 (P=0.01 ( (P=0.0 6. P=0.1 P01 (P=0.1 P>0. P0 OR=0.50 OR05 (OR=0.5 OR=0.40 OR04 (OR=0.4 OR=0.45 >3 P<0. n=4 (n= n=6 P=0. (P=0. P>0 OR=0.5 OR0 (OR=0. OR=0.4 > P<0 n= (n P=0 (P=0 P> OR=0. (OR=0 P< P= (P= OR=0 (OR= (P OR= (OR

Abstract Introduction: Nutritional status can affect the treatment of hospitalized patients, and Malnutrition can even lead to death. However, the Nutritional status of patients with aplastic anemia (AA) is unclear. Objective: to assess the Nutritional status of aplastic anemia patients with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 24 kg/m2 (high BMI group) and BMI < 24 kg/m2 (low BMI group), and to compare the consistency between different Nutritional screening tools. Methods: patients with aplastic anemia hospitalized from January 2016 to December 2020 were collected. We used the combined index generated by Nutritional Risk Index (NRI), Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), Control Nutritional Status (CONUT) and Instant Nutritional Assessment (INA) to assess Nutritional status of patients with aplastic anemia. Kappa index was used to measure the consistency between different Nutritional screening tools. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of different Nutritional screening tools. Results: one hundred and ninety-five patients with aplastic anemia were enrolled. The overall prevalence of Malnutrition calculated by the combined index in patients with aplastic anemia was 51.3 %. The Malnutrition rates of patients in the low BMI group and high BMI group were 60.9 % and 38.8 %, respectively. The Malnutrition rates of very severe aplastic anemia (VSAA) patients, severe aplastic anemia (SAA) patients and ordinary patients were 76 %, 63.8 % and 45.1 %, respectively. Compared with the combined index, NRI had the highest consistency and area under the curve. Conclusions: the Nutritional status of patients with aplastic anemia was very poor; the more serious the disease, the worse the Nutritional status. Although the Malnutrition rate in the low-BMI group was higher than in the high BMI group, the Nutritional status of overweight or obese patients can not be ignored. NRI is the best tool for assessing the Nutritional status of patients with aplastic anemia.

Resumen Introducción: el estado nutricional puede afectar el tratamiento de los pacientes hospitalizados y la malnutrición puede incluso causar la muerte. Sin embargo, el estado nutricional de los pacientes con anemia aplásica (AA) no está claro. Objetivo: evaluar el estado nutricional de pacientes con anemia aplásica con índice de masa corporal (IMC) ≥ 24 kg/m2 (grupo de IMC mayor) e IMC < 24 kg/m2 (grupo de IMC inferior), y comparar la consistencia entre diferentes herramientas de cribado nutricional. Métodos: se recogieron datos de pacientes con anemia aplásica hospitalizados entre enero de 2016 y diciembre de 2020. El estado nutricional de los pacientes con anemia aplásica se evaluó utilizando un índice compuesto por el índice de riesgo nutricional (NRI), el índice de pronóstico nutricional (PNI), el índice de estado nutricional controlado (CONUT) y la evaluación nutricional instantánea (INA). El índice Kappa se utilizó para medir la coherencia entre los diferentes instrumentos de detección nutricional. Las curvas de características operativas de los sujetos (ROC) se utilizaron para evaluar el valor diagnóstico de las diferentes herramientas de detección nutricional. Resultados: un total de 195 pacientes con anemia aplásica fueron incluidos en el estudio. La prevalencia global de desnutrición calculada por el índice combinado en pacientes con anemia aplásica fue del 51,3 %. Las tasas de desnutrición de los pacientes en el grupo de bajo IMC y el grupo de alto IMC fueron 60,9 % y 38,8 %, respectivamente. Las tasas de desnutrición en pacientes con anemia aplásica muy grave (VSAA), anemia aplásica grave (SAA) y pacientes comunes fueron del 76 %, 63,8 % y 45,1 %, respectivamente. En comparación con el índice compuesto, NRI tiene la mayor consistencia y área bajo la curva. Conclusiones: el estado nutricional de los pacientes con anemia aplásica es muy deficiente; a mayor gravedad de la enfermedad, peor estado nutricional. Aunque la tasa de malnutrición en el grupo con bajo IMC es mayor que en el grupo con alto IMC, no se puede pasar por alto el estado nutricional de los pacientes con sobrepeso u obesidad. El NRI es la mejor herramienta para evaluar el estado nutricional de los pacientes con anemia aplásica.