O objetivo do trabalho é analisar os resultados tardios da substituição valvar em pacientes idosos com a utilização de biopróteses de pericárdio bovino no Instituto do Coração em São Paulo. No período de março de 1982 a dezembro de 1995, foram implantadas 463 biopróteses de pericárdio bovino FISICS-INCOR em 432 pacientes com idade superior a 65 anos. A idade média foi de 70,3 ± 4,3 anos e 58,1% eram do sexo masculino. Foram realizadas 286 substituições da valva aórtica, 144 da valva mitral, 16 duplas substituições mitro-aórticas e 1 tricúspide. Houve procedimentos associados em 158 (36,6%) pacientes, sendo o mais freqüente a revascularização do miocárdio (19,2%). A mortalidade hospitalar foi de 12,2% (53 pacientes), sendo 18,7% para o grupo mitral, 7,7% para o grupo aórtico e 18,8% para o mitro-aórtico. As taxas linearizadas para os eventos calcificação, tromboembolismo, rotura, escape pára-valvar e endocardite foram, respectivamente, 0,4%; 0; 0,8%; 0,1% e 0,1% pacientes-ano. A sobrevida actuarial no grupo aórtico foi de 32,4 ± 15,5% em 12 anos, livre de endocardite de 100%, livre de calcificação de 98,3 ± 1,7%, livre de rotura de 91,6 ± 4,8%, livre de escape pára-valvar de 99,5 ± 0,5% e livre de reoperação de 89,6 ± 4,9%, em 12 anos. A sobrevida actuarial no grupo mitral foi de 14,5 ± 11,5% em 12 anos, livre de endocardite de 97,8 ± 2,2%, livre de calcificação de 98,0 ± 2,0%, livre de rotura de 91,7 ± 5,0%, livre de escape pára-valvar de 100% e livre de reoperação de 87,9 ± 5,5% em 12 anos. Não houve tromboembolismo. No período pós-operatório tardio, 293 (87,7%) pacientes encontram-se em classe funcional I (NYHA). Concluímos que os resultados tardios com a utilização de biopróteses de pericárdio bovino FISICS-INCOR foram satisfatórios em pacientes idosos.
The purpose of this study is to analyze long-term results with valve replacement in the elderly with bovine pericardial bioprostheses developed by the Heart Institute of São Paulo. Between March 1982 and December 1995, 463 FISICS-INCOR bovine pericardial bioprostheses were implanted in 432 patients over 65. The average age was 70.3 ± 4.3 years, and 58.1% were male. We performed a total of 286 aortic valve replacements, 144 mitral replacements, 16 double replacements (mitral and aortic) and 1 tricuspid replacement. There were associated procedures in 158 patients (36.6%) and the most frequent was myocardial revascularization (19.2%). Hospital mortality was 12.2% (53 patients), 18.7% for the mitral group, 7.7% for the aortic, and 18.8% for the double valve replacement. The linearized rates for calcification, thromboembolism, rupture, leak and endocarditis were 0.4, 0, 0.8, 0.1 and 0.1% patient-year. The actuarial survival curve for the aortic group was 32.4 ± 15.5% in 12 years, freedom from endocarditis was 100%, freedom from calcification was 98.3 ± 1.7%, freedom from rupture was 91.6 ± 4.8%, freedom from leak was 99.5 ± 0.5% and freedom from reoperation was 89.6 ± 4.9% in 12 years. The actuarial survival curve for the mitral group was 14.5 ± 11.5% in 12 years, freedom from endocarditis was 97.8 ± 2.2%, freedom from calcification was 98.0 ± 2.0%, freedom from rupture was 91.7 ± 5.0%, freedom from leak was 100% and freedom from reoperation was 87.9 ± 5.5% in 12 years. There was no thromboembolism. In the late post-operative period, 293 patients (87.7%) were in functional class I (NYHA). We conclude that late results with FISICS-INCOR bovine pericardial bioprostheses were satisfactory in the elderly group of patients.