Abstract Golden-Dewdrop (Duranta erecta L.), known for its landscaping applications, undergoes successive pruning to maintain its ornamental structure, a practice known to induce numerous physiological and chemical responses in the plant. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of pruning and different extraction methods on the allelopathic potential of Golden-Dewdrop on the germination and initial growth of lettuce. Leaf extracts were obtained by decoction (hot) and maceration (cold) at concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%, with distilled water as a negative control. Phytochemical screening of the extracts was performed for phenolic compounds, flavonoids, anthocyanidins, tannins, cardioactive heterosides, saponins, alkaloids, and terpenes. For the bioassay, germinative and morphological parameters were measured and characterized. The data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA), and for quantitative data, regression models were adjusted, while for qualitative data, means were compared using the Scott-Knott test with 5% significance. Significant differences were observed between extraction methods and management practices, with the hot aqueous extract from pruned plants significantly reducing germination at higher concentrations. The initial growth of lettuce was severely affected, presenting numerous morphological abnormalities, with severe damage to the root system at all concentrations. This study suggests that pruning practices have a modulating effect on the allelopathic activity of Golden-Dewdrop, providing valuable information for landscaping projects and botanical studies considering its evaluation and production of phytotoxic phytochemicals. GoldenDewdrop Golden Dewdrop Duranta L., L L. , L.) applications structure plant Therefore (hot cold (cold 20 20% 40 40% 60 60% 80 80% 100 100% control compounds flavonoids anthocyanidins tannins heterosides saponins alkaloids terpenes bioassay characterized ANOVA, ANOVA (ANOVA) adjusted ScottKnott Scott Knott 5 significance affected abnormalities GoldenDewdrop, Dewdrop, phytochemicals 2 4 6 8 10 (ANOVA 1

Resumo Pingo-de-ouro (Duranta erecta L.), conhecida por suas aplicações paisagísticas, é frequentemente submetida a sucessivas podas para manter sua estrutura ornamental, sabendo-se que essa prática gera inúmeras respostas fisiológicas e químicas na planta. Portanto, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a influência da poda e de diferentes métodos de extração sobre o potencial alelopático da Pingo-de-ouro na germinação e crescimento inicial da alface. Os extratos das folhas foram obtidos por decocção (quente) e maceração (frio) em concentrações de 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% e 100%, tendo água destilada como controle negativo. Foi realizada a triagem fitoquímica dos extratos para identificar compostos fenólicos, flavonoides, antocianidinas, taninos, heterosídeos cardiotônicos, saponinas, alcaloides e terpenos. Para o bioensaio, foram mensurados e caracterizados parâmetros germinativos e morfológicos. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA) e, para os dados quantitativos, foram ajustados modelos de regressão, enquanto para os dados qualitativos, as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Scott-Knott com 5% de significância. Foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os métodos de extração e as práticas de manejo, sendo que o extrato aquoso quente das plantas podadas reduziu significativamente a germinação em concentrações mais elevadas. O crescimento inicial da alface foi gravemente prejudicado, apresentando inúmeras anormalidades morfológicas, com danos severos ao sistema radicular em todas as concentrações. Este estudo sugere que as práticas de poda têm um efeito modulador na atividade alelopática da Pingo-de-ouro, fornecendo informações valiosas para projetos paisagísticos e estudos botânicos, considerando sua avaliação e produção de fitoquímicos fitotóxicos. Pingodeouro Pingo ouro Duranta L., L L. , L.) paisagísticas ornamental sabendose sabendo se planta Portanto (quente frio (frio 20 20% 40 40% 60 60% 80 100 100% negativo fenólicos flavonoides antocianidinas taninos cardiotônicos saponinas terpenos bioensaio morfológicos ANOVA (ANOVA quantitativos regressão qualitativos ScottKnott Scott Knott 5 significância manejo elevadas prejudicado morfológicas Pingodeouro, ouro, botânicos fitotóxicos 2 4 6 8 10 1

ABSTRACT. The study of promoters has become essential to elucidate genetic regulation and allow new genetic transformation strategies through plant biotechnology. The challenge is to discover and validate promoters that can regulate gene transcription spatially and/or temporally. The goal of this work was to validate genes associated with tissue-specific promoters of bananas obtained from in silico sequences and selected from the DATAMusa databank. Gene expression was quantified using RT-qPCR from different tissues: leaves, flowers, roots, unripe pulp, ripe pulp, unripe peels, and ripe peels of two different genetic groups: Prata-Anã (PA; group AAB) and Grand Naine (GN; group AAA). After the analysis of the expression of genes associated with the promoters, normalization was performed with the most stable reference genes (TUB and L2) selected using the RefFinder tool. It was determined that five genes were specific or expressed to a greater extent in some tissues than others. The EMB-23 gene was highly expressed in ripe pulp and flowers of GN, EMB-26 in the ripe pulp of GN, EMB-27 in flowers of GN, EMB-28 in roots of PA and ripe pulp and roots of GN, and EMB-31 in roots and flowers of GN and PA, and unripe pulp of GN. The in silico analysis was efficient in the identification of spatial/time-specific genes, thereby decreasing analysis time and cost, making future genetic transformation studies focusing on the application of these tissue-specific promoters possible.