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Abstract Cyanobacterial blooms are a potential threat to human communities and ecosystems. Since the late 1980s, researchers have reported harmful cyanobacterial colonies in Patos Lagoon (PL), the largest coastal lagoon in South America. Most studies concerning harmful blooms in PL have focused on its biology and on its southernmost estuarine region, with little information about its displacement inside the lagoon and the influence of physical forces on its dynamics. This study uses satellite-derived information (normalized difference chlorophyll-a index – NDCI), river discharge data, and meteorological data (wind speed and direction, rainfall, and air temperature) to analyze two bloom episodes in PL, during the austral summer of 2019/2020, specifically in its larger, limnic portion. A 30-year meteorological time series was used to contrast the same summer period. Two remote sensing images from Sentinel-2 were taken of PL margins, near their central portion. The summer of 2019/2020 was drier when compared with the historical data, characterizing low river discharge. This environmental condition was coupled with high temperature, which implies thermal stratification in summer even at 2-m depth sites, which might have promoted cyanobacterial growth and accumulation inside PL. Moreover, weak winds (<<6 m s−1) seemed to accumulate cyanobacterial patches on the water surface, including after vertical mixing caused by strong winds (>6 m s−1). The NDCI values represented the two days of blooms, with higher values occurring under higher water temperatures and low wind speeds.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.21099bfc

Effect of immunonutrition on serum levels of C-reactive protein and lymphocytes in patients with COVID-19: a randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial
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Pimentel, Rodrigo Fernandes Weyll

; Silva, Arthur Pinto

; Santana, Amália Ivine Costa

; Souza e Silva, Douglas de

; Ramos, Mariângela de Souza

; de Souza, Márcio Costa

; Suen, Vivian Marques Miguel

; Maduro, Isolda Padro de Negreiros Nogueira

; Filho, Durval Ribas

; Júnior, Argemiro D'Oliveira

; da Silva, Dandara Almeida Reis

; Coelho, Julita Maria Freitas

; Gomes, Antonio Marcos Tosoli

; Machado, Paulo Roberto Lima

; das Merces, Magno Conceição

Nutrición Hospitalaria

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feb 2022, Volume 39 N. 1 Pages 20 - 26

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Introduction: patients with COVID-19 undergo changes in leukocyte count, respiratory disorders, and an increase in inflammatory substances. To improve the inflammatory condition, some nutrients can be used, including arginine, omega-3 fatty acids and nucleotides. This study aims to evaluate how oral immunonutrient supplements affects serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and lymphocyte count in patients with COVID-19. Methods: in this double-blind clinical trial, we randomized 43 adult patients with COVID-19 to receive a standard high-protein normocaloric supplement (control) or an immunonutrient-enriched supplement (experiment) for 7 days. The primary outcome was to evaluate changes in total lymphocyte count and serum level of CRP. The assessment of risk and nutritional status of these patients was also performed. Results: forty-three patients with mean age of 41.5 (± 1.8) years were followed up, 39.5 % of them women. The mean body mass index was 27.6 (± 0.8) kg/m² and 58.1 % had low nutritional risk. In the experiment group, there was a CRP reduction of 23.6 (± 7.5) mg/L, while in the control branch the decrease was 14.8 (± 12.1) mg/L (p = 0.002). There was an increase in lymphocytes in the experiment group (+367.5 ± 401.8 cells/mm³) and a reduction in the control group (-282.8 ± 327.8 cells/mm³), although there was no statistical significance (p = 0.369). Relative risk (RR) of treatment in reducing CRP by 30 % or more was 4.45 (p < 0.001; 95 % CI, 1.79-11.07). RR in increasing lymphocyte count by 30 % or more was 1.28 (p = 0.327; 95 % CI, 0.67-2.45). Conclusion: we conclude that immunonutrient supplements seem to reduce CRP levels more than standard high-protein normocaloric supplements.

Resumen Introducción: los pacientes con COVID-19 sufren cambios en el recuento de leucocitos, trastornos respiratorios y aumento de sustancias inflamatorias. Para mejorar la condición inflamatoria se pueden usar algunos nutrientes, como la arginina, los ácidos grasos omega-3 y los nucleótidos. Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar cómo los suplementos de inmunonutrientes orales afectan a los niveles séricos de proteína C-reactiva (PCR) y al recuento de linfocitos en pacientes con COVID-19. Métodos: en este ensayo clínico doble ciego, aleatorizamos a 43 pacientes adultos con COVID-19 para recibir un suplemento normocalórico estándar alto en proteínas (control) o un suplemento enriquecido con inmunonutrientes (experimento) durante 7 días. El resultado primario fue evaluar los cambios en el recuento total de linfocitos y el nivel sérico de PCR. También se realizó la evaluación del riesgo y el estado nutricional de estos pacientes. Resultados: cuarenta y tres pacientes con edad media de 41,5 (± 1,8) años fueron seguidos, el 39,5 % de ellos mujeres. El índice de masa corporal medio fue de 27,6 (± 0,8) kg/m² y el 58,1 % tenían bajo riesgo nutricional. En el grupo experimental hubo una reducción de la PCR de 23,6 (± 7,5) mg/L, mientras que en la rama de control la disminución fue de 14,8 (± 12,1) mg/L (p = 0,002). Hubo un aumento de linfocitos en el grupo experimental (+367,5 ± 401,8 células/mm³) y una reducción en el grupo de control (-282,8 ± 327,8 células/mm³), aunque no hubo significación estadística (p = 0,369). El riesgo relativo (RR) del tratamiento para reducir la PCR en un 30 % o más fue de 4,45 (p < 0,001; IC 95 %: 1,79-11,07). El RR en el aumento del recuento de linfocitos en un 30 % o más fue de 1,28 (p = 0,327; IC 95 %: 0,67-2,45). Conclusión: se concluye que los suplementos de inmunonutrientes parecen reducir los niveles de PCR más que los suplementos normocalóricos estándar altos en proteína.

https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.03847

Chemotaxonomic characterization of the key genera of diatoms in the Northern Antarctic Peninsula
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COSTA, RAUL RODRIGO

; MENDES, CARLOS RAFAEL B.

; SOUZA, MÁRCIO S. DE

; TAVANO, VIRGINIA MARIA

; SECCHI, EDUARDO R.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 Suppl. 1 elocation e20210584

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Diatoms are successful in occupying a wide range of ecological niches and biomes along the global ocean. Although there is a recognized importance of diatoms for the Southern Ocean ecosystems and biogeochemical cycles, the current knowledge on their ecology and distribution along the impacted Antarctic coastal regions remains generalized at best. HPLC–CHEMTAX approaches have been extensively used to this purpose, providing valuable information about the whole phytoplankton community, even for those small-size species which are normally difficult to identify by light microscopy. Despite that, the chemotaxonomic method has reserved minimal focus on great diversity of types associated with diatom genera or species. Here, we show a coupling between the key genera and the corresponding chemotaxonomic subgroup type-A or type-B of diatoms via HPLC–CHEMTAX and microscopic analysis, using chlorophyll–c 1 and chlorophyll–c 3 as biomarker pigments, respectively. The results demonstrated strong correlations for nine of the fifteen most abundant diatom genera observed along the Northern Antarctic Peninsula, from which five (four) were statistically associated with chlorophyll–c 1 (chlorophyll–c 3). Our study highlights the importance to observe diatoms in greater detail, beyond being only one functional group, for a better understanding on their responses under a climate change scenario.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220210584

BRAZILIAN CONSENSUS STATEMENT ON VISCOSUPPLEMENTATION OF THE HIP (COBRAVI-Q)
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SOUSA, EDUARDO BRANCO DE

; HAMDAN, PAULO CÉSAR

; MENEGASSI, ZARTUR JOSÉ BARCELOS

; ALCHAAR, ADRIENI ANTUNES DO AMARAL

; TIEPPO, ANTONIO MARTINS

; SOUZA, CAIO GONÇALVES DE

; PINHEIRO, CARLOS BRUNO REIS

; ALMEIDA JÚNIOR, CYRO SCALA DE

; ROCHA, EDUARDO DE MELO CARVALHO

; CUNHA, FABIANO GONÇALVES

; PACHECO, IVAN

; REZENDE, MARCIA UCHÔA DE

; SOUZA, MÁRCIO PASSINI GONÇALVES DE

; BRITTO DA SILVA, MARCOS

; CAMPOS, GUSTAVO CONSTANTINO DE

Acta Ortopédica Brasileira

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2022, Volume 30 N. 5 elocation e250414

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: O Consenso Brasileiro de Viscossuplementação do Quadril visa gerar uma fonte referencial a partir do conhecimento teórico e da experiência clínica de especialistas da área. Métodos: Um painel multidisciplinar foi formado com quinze especialistas (médicos do esporte, ortopedistas, fisiatras e reumatologistas), com base na experiência clínica e acadêmica no uso da viscossuplementação do quadril. Foram elaboradas, discutidas e votadas doze afirmativas. Cada membro do painel deu um valor entre 0 e 10 numa escala tipo Likert, especificando seu nível de concordância com a afirmação. Resultados: O painel chegou a um consenso sobre diversos aspectos da viscossuplementação do quadril, destacando-se: a melhor indicação é para tratar artrose de quadril leve a moderada; pode ser indicada para casos graves; os resultados podem variar de acordo com o viscossuplemento utilizado; não deve ser realizada como procedimento isolado, mas em conjunto com outras medidas reabilitadoras e farmacológicas; a melhor técnica para infiltração no quadril deve se basear nas referências anatômicas combinadas com guiagem por imagem; a viscossuplementação do quadril é um procedimento custo-efetivo. Conclusão: A viscossuplementação é uma alternativa terapêutica segura e eficaz na osteoartrite do quadril, mesmo em casos graves. Recomenda-se o uso de métodos guiados. Nível de Evidência V, Opinião do Especialista.

ABSTRACT Objective: The Brazilian Consensus on Hip Viscosupplementation aims to generate a referential and consensual source from the theoretical knowledge and clinical experience of specialists in the field. Methods: A multidisciplinary panel was formed with 15 specialists (sports medicine, orthopedists, physiatrists and rheumatologists), based on clinical and academic experience in the use of viscosupplementation of the hip. 12 statements were prepared, discussed and voted. Each panelist gave a value between 0 and 10 on a Likert scale, specifying their level of agreement with the statement. Results: The panel reached a consensus on several aspects of viscosupplementation of the hip, with emphasis on the following statements: best indication is for mild to moderate hip arthrosis; it may be indicated in severe osteoarthritis; results may vary according to the characteristics of the viscosupplement used; Viscosupplementation should not be performed as an isolated procedure, but in conjunction with other rehabilitation and pharmacological measures; best injection technique should be based on anatomical references coupled with imaging guidance; it is a cost-effective procedure. Conclusion: Viscosupplementation is a safe and effective therapy for hip osteoarthritis, even in severe cases. Guided injection is recommended. Level of Evidence V, Expert Opinion.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-785220223005e250414

Osteoporosis Drug Treatment Update
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Oliveira, Lindomar Guimaráes

; Carneiro, Mara Lúcia Rassi Guimaráes

; Souza, Márcio Passini Gonćalves de

; Souza, Caio Gonćalves de

; Moraes, Frederico Barra de

; Camargo, Fábio Lopes de

Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia

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sep 2021, Volume 56 N. 5 Pages 550 - 557

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A população brasileira está envelhecendo, e com isso aumenta a prevalência de doenças crônico-degenerativas, dentre elas a osteoporose. O diagnóstico e tratamento da osteoporose teve avanços significativos na última década. O ortopedista e trauma- tologista não pode mais se deter apenas notratamento cirúrgico da fratura osteopo- rótica. É extremamente importante que saibamos: 1) quais fatores de risco avaliar, podendo ser utilizada a ferramenta Fracture Risk Assesment Tool (FRAX, na sigla em inglês); 2) quais exames complementares solicitar, como densitometria, radiografia da coluna e bacia, exames de sangue e urina, e até mesmo biópsia óssea; 3) quais suplementos utilizar, como cálcio e magnésio, vitaminas D e K; 4) quais medicamentos prescrever, antirreabsortivos ou formadores, janelas terapêuticas e eventos adversos.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1714219 1 downloads

The effect of different physical therapy procedures in ultramarathons
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Bunn, Priscila dos Santos

; Terra, Bruno de Souza

; Souza, Márcio Puglia

; Amaral, Viviane Pereira de Souza

; Rodrigues, Allan Inoue

; Magno, Kevin Alexander Barreto

; Alves, Daniel de Souza

; da Silva, Elirez Bezerra

Motriz: Revista de Educação Física

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2020, Volume 26 N. 1 elocation e10200153

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Aims: To analyze the effects of physical therapy procedures in reducing acute pain in runners. A second aim was to investigate the impact of weather conditions on the number of physical therapy visits during the Ultramarathon Rio24 h. Methods: This retrospective study was performed at the Physical Education Center Admiral Adalberto Nunes (CEFAN). Medical records were analyzed. The participants were athletes that were attended by the Physical therapy team during three editions of the Ultramarathon Rio24 h. The variation in the Visual Analog Scale score (VAS) before and after each treatment were analyzed. After the evaluation procedure, another professional had decided the best procedure for the assessed athlete: massotherapy, cryotherapy by immersion, or stretching. An ANOVA was performed to assess which procedures produce pain reduction immediately after the procedure. Results: A total of 1,995 care services (228 in women) were performed in 602 athletes (84 women). Analyzing the treatments that used only one modality (n = 512 visits), the final pain decreased significantly over the initial pain for the three treatments. It was verified that massotherapy, cryotherapy, and stretching promote significant intragroup differences, with no intergroup differences. The environmental conditions were not associated with the number of visits. Conclusion: Massotherapy, cryotherapy, and stretching are effective treatments for acute pain reduction during ultramarathons. The weather conditions are not associated with the number of physical therapy visits.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1980-6574202000010153 588 downloads

Impact of programs on competency, career, and income on management graduates
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Paixão, Roberto Brazileiro

; Souza, Márcio Arcanjo de

RAUSP Management Journal

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sep 2018, Volume 53 N. 3 Pages 441 - 458

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Purpose This paper aims to evaluate the impact of Federal University of Bahia’s Business Administration graduate programs on graduates’ competency, career and income development. Design/methodology/approach It is a descriptive study, for which a survey was applied and the data were analyzed using quantitative techniques (descriptive analysis, factorial analysis, t-test, Mann–Whitney test and regression analysis). Data collection was conducted through an electronic questionnaire sent to the graduates in the period between 1998 and 2012. Findings The results show that in general, the research participants perceive competency, career and income development after the course. At the same time, a comparison between the graduates of academic and professional axes (courses) was carried out, and in general, there is a certain similarity between perceptions. Originality/value This research contributes to the theoretical field on evaluation of graduates, both from a methodological point of view, because of conducted statistical analysis that is complementary to other methods used, and from a practical point of view, as it offers redesign and improvement elements to the program’s curricula and teaching-learning methodologies so that it can maximize competency development, career and income of graduates.

https://doi.org/10.1108/rausp-04-2018-004 1097 downloads

Conciliação e tensões entre trabalho e família para mulheres titulares do Programa Bolsa Família
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Mariano, Silvana Aparecida

; Souza, Márcio Ferreira de

Revista Brasileira de Ciência Política

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dec 2015, N. 18 Pages 147 - 177

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Este artigo interroga as condições que mulheres titulares do Programa Bolsa Família (PBF) enfrentam para a conciliação entre trabalho remunerado e cuidados familiares, os obstáculos para essa conciliação e os possíveis impactos positivos e negativos para a situação delas, com vistas à redução das desigualdades de gênero. Com base em survey realizado em Curitiba (PR) e Fortaleza (CE), aponta as dificuldades para o compartilhamento de tarefas de cuidados domésticos com outros membros familiares e o aumento das responsabilidades em decorrência das condicionalidades do PBF. Como desdobramento dessas dificuldades, destaca as tensões vivenciadas por essas mulheres e reitera a crítica ao enfoque do bem-estar na orientação das políticas públicas.

Abstract This paper discusses conditions faced by women holders of grants from Program Bolsa Família (PBF) in reconciling paid work and family care, the obstacles to this reconciliation, and the possible positive and negative impacts on the situation of women, with a view to reducing gender inequalities. Based on a survey held in two Brazilian cities, Curitiba (Paraná) and Fortaleza (Ceará), we point out the difficulties in sharing household care tasks with other family members and increasing responsibility as a result of PBF conditions. As an outcome of those difficulties, we highlight the tensions experienced by those women and reiterate the criticism to the welfare approach to public policy.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-335220151806 2289 downloads

Neurofibromatosis: part 2 – clinical management
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Batista, Pollyanna Barros

; Bertollo, Eny Maria Goloni

; Costa, Danielle de Souza

; Eliam, Lucas

; Cunha, Karin Soares Gonçalves

; Cunha-Melo, José Renan

; Darrigo Junior, Luiz Guilherme

; Geller, Mauro

; Gianordoli-Nascimento, Ingrid Faria

; Madeira, Luciana Gonçalves

; Mendes, Hérika Martins

; Miranda, Débora Marques de

; Mata-Machado, Nikolas Andre

; Morato, Eric Grossi

; Pavarino, Érika Cristina

; Pereira, Luciana Baptista

; Rezende, Nilton Alves de

; Rodrigues, Luíza de Oliveira

; Sette, Jorge Bezerra Cavalcanti

; Silva, Carla Menezes da

; Souza, Juliana Ferreira de

; Souza, Márcio Leandro Ribeiro de

; Martins, Aline Stangherlin

; Valadares, Eugênia Ribeiro

; Vidigal, Paula Vieira Teixeira

; Waisberg, Vanessa

; Waisberg, Yehuda

; Rodrigues, Luiz Oswaldo Carneiro

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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jun 2015, Volume 73 N. 6 Pages 531 - 543

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A primeira parte desta diretriz abordou o diagnóstico diferencial das neurofibromatoses (NF): neurofibromatose do tipo 1 (NF1), neurofibromatose do tipo 2 (NF2) e schwannomatose (SCH). As NF compartilham algumas características, como a origem neural dos tumores e sinais cutâneos, e afetam cerca de 80 mil brasileiros. O aumento do conhecimento científico sobre as NF tem permitido melhor manejo clínico e redução da morbidade das complicações, resultando em melhor qualidade de vida para os pacientes com NF. A maioria dos médicos é capaz de realizar o diagnóstico das NF, mas a variedade de manifestações clínicas e a dificuldade de se prever o surgimento e a gravidade de complicações, torna o manejo da NF um desafio para o clínico e envolve diferentes especialistas para o tratamento adequado e aconselhamento genético, especialmente a NF2 e a SCH. O presente texto sugere algumas orientações para o acompanhamento dos portadores de NF, com ênfase na NF1.

Part 1 of this guideline addressed the differential diagnosis of the neurofibromatoses (NF): neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) and schwannomatosis (SCH). NF shares some features such as the genetic origin of the neural tumors and cutaneous manifestations, and affects nearly 80 thousand Brazilians. Increasing scientific knowledge on NF has allowed better clinical management and reduced rate of complications and morbidity, resulting in higher quality of life for NF patients. Most medical doctors are able to perform NF diagnosis, but the wide range of clinical manifestations and the inability to predict the onset or severity of new features, consequences, or complications make NF management a real clinical challenge, requiring the support of different specialists for proper treatment and genetic counseling, especially in NF2 and SCH. The present text suggests guidelines for the clinical management of NF, with emphasis on NF1.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282X20150042 13090 downloads

10.

Histomorphometric bone assessment in patients with fracture of the proximal end of the femur
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Souza, Caio Gonçalves de

; Souza, Márcio Passini Gonçalves de

; Jorgetti, Vanda

; Reis, Luciene Machado dos

Acta Ortopédica Brasileira

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2015, Volume 23 N. 2 Pages 103 - 106

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether there is a difference on the bone architecture in patients with femoral neck fracture compared to patients with intertrochanteric fractures and assess the importance of aging on bone microarchitecture in patients with proximal femoral fracture.METHODS: Biopsy of the iliac crest was made in seventeen patients between 55 and 90 years old who were admitted to the emergency room with fractures of the proximal end of the femur. After a small fragment was removed, we made a histomorphometric analysis of it.RESULTS: There was no significant difference between patients with femoral neck fracture and trochanteric fracture in structural parameters, formation and resorption. Comparing age groups we also did not find any significant change between the groups in the parameters volume and trabecular separation.CONCLUSION: There are no difference in the morphometric parameters analyzed between the different types of fracture and age is not a significant factor in the alteration of these parameters.Level of Evidence II, Diagnostic Studies.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-78522015230201056 1228 downloads

11.

Programa Universidade para Todos (PROUNI): quem ganha o quê, como e quando?
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Souza, Márcio Rodrigo de Araújo

; Menezes, Monique

Ensaio: Avaliação e Políticas Públicas em Educação

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sep 2014, Volume 22 N. 84 Pages 609 - 633

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

O tema central deste artigo é o Programa Universidade para Todos (PROUNI), criado pelo governo federal em 2004 visando à expansão do acesso à educação superior no país. Analisamos a política, tomando como referência a proposta de definição criada por Lasswell (1936). Buscamos identificar quais atores ganharam o quê, quando e como, a partir do processo político desenvolvido durante a formulação do programa. A hipótese de trabalho foi construída a partir de Pinto (2004), o qual sugeriu que as instituições privadas de educação superior passariam a pressionar o governo em busca de recursos para superar a situação diagnosticada no início da última década, quando as taxas de ociosidade de vagas andavam acima de 740 mil. Analisamos os principais mecanismos do PROUNI: os critérios de acesso, os tipos de bolsas, as exigências qualitativas do ensino e os mecanismos de controle institucionais criados para acompanhar a implementação da política. Em razão disso, concluímos que os atores sociais privatistas tiveram êxito em influenciar as decisões governamentais em prol das expectativas do mercado, o que acarreta na ratificação da tese de Downs (1999), para o qual os atores que têm sua renda afetada por uma política pública estarão sempre mais bem informados e dispostos a participar das discussões que envolvem sua definição.

The central theme of this article is the Programa Universidade para Todos (PROUNI), created by the federal government in 2004 aiming at the expanding access to higher education in the country. We analyzed the politics with reference to the proposal for the definition created by Lasswell (1936). I try to identify which actors will have won what, when and how, from the political process developed during the formulation of the program. My working hypothesis wasconstructed from Pinto (2004) which has suggested that private institutions of higher education would start to pressure the government for resources to overcome the situation diagnosed early in the last decade, when rates of idleness vacancies were walking up 740,000. I analyzed the main mechanisms PROUNI: access criteria, types of scholarships, the qualitative requirements of education and institutional control mechanisms created to monitor the implementation of policy. As a result, I conclude that social actors privatists were successful in influencing government decisions in favor of market expectations, resulting in the ratification of the thesis Downs (1999), for which the actors have their income affected by a policy public better informed and are always willing to participate in discussions that involve its definition.

El tema central de este artículo es el Programa Universidad para Todos (PROUNI), creado por el gobierno federal en 2004, destinado a ampliar el acceso a la educación superior en Brasil. Analizamos la política bajo la orientación de la definición que Lasswell (1936) propuso. Buscamos identificar dentro de ese contexto quiénes fueron los ganadores, qué es lo que obtuvieron, cuándo lo hicieron y cómo, a partir del proceso político desarrollado durante la formulación del programa. La hipótesis de trabajo se construyó a partir de Pinto (2004), el cual sugiere que las instituciones privadas de educación superior pasarían a presionar al gobierno solicitando recursos para superar la situación diagnosticada a principios de la década pasada, cuando las tasas de ociosidad de plazas eran superior a 740.000. Analizamos los principales mecanismos del PROUNI: criterios de acceso, tipos de becas, los requisitos de calidad de la enseñanza y de los mecanismos de control institucional creados para monitorear la implementación de la política. En consecuencia, se concluye que los actores sociales privatistas lograron influir en las decisiones del gobierno a favor de las expectativas del mercado, dando lugar a la ratificación de la tesis de Downs (1999), para el cual los actores que ven afectados sus ingresos por una política pública están mejor informados y dispuestos a participar en los debatesrelacionados con su definición.

9637 downloads

12.

Association study between COMT 158Met and creativity scores in bipolar disorder and healthy controls
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Soeiro-de-Souza, Márcio Gerhardt

; Post, Robert

; Machado-Vieira, Rodrigo

; Prado, Carolina Martins do

; Moreno, Ricardo Alberto

; Akiskal, Hagop

; Akiskal, Kareen K.

Archives of Clinical Psychiatry (São Paulo)

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mar 2014, Volume 41 N. 2 Pages 29 - 33

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Contexto O transtorno bipolar (TB) geralmente é associado a pessoas com maiores habilidades criativas, e dados recentes apontam que o sistema dopaminérgico pode estar relacionado à criatividade. A enzima catecol-O-metiltransferase (COMT) é um dos principais agentes envolvidos na degradação metabólica da dopamina. O gene da COMT apresenta um polimorfismo (rs4680 ou Val158Met) no qual o alelo Met se associa a uma diminuição da atividade enzimática da COMT, levando a um melhor desempenho em testes cognitivos. Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência do polimorfismo funcional Val158Met na criatividade de pacientes com TB e em controles. Métodos Noventa e sete voluntários saudáveis e 120 pacientes com TB tipo I foram genotipados para COMT rs4680 e testados para criatividade (Barrow Welsh Art Scale – BWAS) e inteligência (Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence – WASI). Resultados O alelo Met da COMT associou-se a maiores pontuações na escala de criatividade na amostra de controles saudáveis, mas o mesmo não foi observado em pacientes com TB. A presença do alelo Met não influenciou a pontuação de QI em nenhum dos grupos. O grupo controle apresentava QI médio maior que o grupo TB; o grupo TB estava em uso de múltiplas medicações no momento das avaliações. Conclusão Nossos resultados sugerem influência positiva do alelo Met do COMT rs4680 na criatividade de controles saudáveis. Isso sugere que a criatividade seja uma função possivelmente associada a menores graus de bipolaridade do que nos pacientes com TB tipo I. O fato de não termos observado influência do alelo Met nos resultados dos pacientes com TB pode ser justificado pelo fato de que justamente alterações nesse sistema sejam uma das características básicas do TB. É necessário maior número de estudos com maiores tamanhos amostrais para explorar mais detalhadamente o papel do sistema dopaminérgico na criatividade.

Background Bipolar disorder (BD) patients have been reported to be associated higher creativity abilities, and recent data tend to support the hypothesis that dopaminergic system that could be associated with creativity. Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) is one of the major enzymes involved in the metabolic degradation of dopamine. The COMT gene polymorphism (rs4680 or Val158Met) Met allele is reported to cause decreased activity of this enzyme in prefrontal cortex and improve performance in several cognitive domains. Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of Val158Met on creativity in BD type I and healthy controls. Methods Ninety-seven healthy volunteers and 120 BD type I were genotyped for COMT rs4680 and tested for creativity (Barrow Welsh Art Scale – BWAS) and intelligence Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI). Results COMT Met allele positively influenced creativity scores in healthy controls but not in BD subjects during mood episodes and euthymia. The presence of allele Met did not influence IQ scores. No influence of IQ total score on creativity was observed. Limitations control group presented higher IQ scores and euthymic group was under medication use. Discussion Our research suggests positive effect of COMT rs4680 (allele Met) on creativity scores in healthy controls. One possible interpretation is that creativity is more likely to be associated with lesser degrees of bipolarity. The fact that the same results were not observed in BD may be associated to dysfunctions in the dopaminergic system that characterizes this disorder. Further studies with larger samples and other types of BD should explore the role of the dopaminergic system in creativity.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0101-60830000000006 2974 downloads

13.

Neurofibromatoses: part 1 ? diagnosis and differential diagnosis
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Rodrigues, Luiz Oswaldo Carneiro

; Batista, Pollyanna Barros

; Goloni-Bertollo, Eny Maria

; Souza-Costa, Danielle de

; Eliam, Lucas

; Eliam, Miguel

; Cunha, Karin Soares Gonçalves

; Darrigo Junior, Luiz Guilherme

; Ferraz Filho, José Roberto Lopes

; Geller, Mauro

; Gianordoli-Nascimento, Ingrid F.

; Madeira, Luciana Gonçalves

; Malloy-Diniz, Leandro Fernandes

; Mendes, Hérika Martins

; Miranda, Débora Marques de

; Pavarino, Erika Cristina

; Baptista-Pereira, Luciana

; Rezende, Nilton A.

; Rodrigues, Luíza de Oliveira

; Silva, Carla Menezes da

; Souza, Juliana Ferreira de

; Souza, Márcio Leandro Ribeiro de

; Stangherlin, Aline

; Valadares, Eugênia Ribeiro

; Vidigal, Paula Vieira Teixeira

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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mar 2014, Volume 72 N. 3 Pages 241 - 250

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Neurofibromatoses (NF) constituem um grupo de doenças genéticas com predisposição ao crescimento de múltiplos tumores: tipo 1 (NF1), tipo 2 (NF2) e schwannomatose (SCH). Estas doenças têm em comum a origem neural dos tumores e os sinais cutâneos. Afetam cerca de 80 mil brasileiros. O maior conhecimento científico sobre as NF tem permitido melhor manejo clínico, redução da morbidade das complicações e melhor qualidade de vida. Na maioria dos casos, os especialistas em neurologia, dermatologia, genética clínica, oncologia e medicina interna estão capacitados a realizar o diagnóstico diferencial e identificar suas principais complicações. Devido à sua variabilidade fenotípica, curso progressivo, multiplicidade de órgãos acometidos e evolução imprevisível, as NF frequentemente necessitam de especialistas em NF para o acompanhamento. A Parte 1 deste texto oferece orientações para o diagnóstico de cada tipo de NF e discute os diagnósticos diferenciais com outras doenças. A Parte 2 oferecerá orientações em relação ao manejo clínico das NF.

Neurofibromatoses (NF) are a group of genetic multiple tumor growing predisposition diseases: neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) and schwannomatosis (SCH), which have in common the neural origin of tumors and cutaneous signs. They affect nearly 80 thousand of Brazilians. In recent years, the increased scientific knowledge on NF has allowed better clinical management and reduced complication morbidity, resulting in higher quality of life for NF patients. In most cases, neurology, psychiatry, dermatology, clinical geneticists, oncology and internal medicine specialists are able to make the differential diagnosis between NF and other diseases and to identify major NF complications. Nevertheless, due to its great variability in phenotype expression, progressive course, multiple organs involvement and unpredictable natural evolution, NF often requires the support of neurofibromatoses specialists for proper treatment and genetic counseling. This Part 1 offers step-by-step guidelines for NF differential diagnosis. Part 2 will present the NF clinical management.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282X20130241 22696 downloads

14.

The impact of a history of psychotic symptoms on cognitive function in euthymic bipolar patients: a comparison with schizophrenic patients and healthy controls
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Brissos, Sofia

; Dias, Vasco Videira

; Soeiro-de-Souza, Márcio Gerhardt

; Balanzá-Martínez, Vicent

; Kapczinski, Flavio

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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dec 2011, Volume 33 N. 4 Pages 353 - 361

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

INTRODUÇÃO: Cerca de dois terços dos pacientes com Transtorno Bipolar (TB) apresentam sintomas psicóticos ao longo da vida. OBJETIVO: Comparar o desempenho neurocognitivo de quatro grupos: pacientes com TB, com e sem histórico de sintomas psicóticos (HPS+ ou HPS-, respectivamente); pacientes esquizofrénicos; e grupo controle (GC) com indivíduos saudáveis. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal no qual 35 pacientes com esquizofrenia (EZ), 79 pacientes com TB na fase eutímica (44 HPS+ e 35 HPS-) e 50 GC foram submetidos a extensa avaliação neuropsicológica. RESULTADOS: Observou-se pior funcionamento neurocognitivo em pacientes com TB e com EZ quando comparados ao GC. Os dois grupos de pacientes TB não diferiram em dados demográficos, clínicos ou variáveis neurocognitivas. Entretanto o grupo HPS+ teve mais sintomas negativos mensurados pela Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) e apresentou uma tendência a pior performance nas funções executivas comparativamente aos pacientes HPS-. Além disso ambos os grupos de pacientes TB tiveram melhor desempenho em todos testes neurocognitivos quando comparados aos pacientes com EZ. CONCLUSÕES: A disfunção neurocognitiva é mais marcada nos pacientes com EZ do que com TB, apesar de ser qualitativamente similar. Um histórico de sintomas psicóticos no TB não associou esta amostra de pacientes eutímicos a um maior prejuízo neurocognitivo. Assim sendo, o TB com sintomas psicóticos parece não possuir um fenótipo neurocognitivo diferenciado.

BACKGROUND: About two-thirds of patients with bipolar disorder (BD) have a lifetime history of at least one psychotic symptom. Objective: To compare the neurocognitive performance of four groups: BD patients with and without a history of psychotic symptoms (BD HPS+ and BD HPS-, respectively); patients with schizophrenia (SZ); and healthy control (HC) subjects. METHOD: In this cross-sectional study, 35 stabilized patients with SZ, 79 euthymic (44 HPS+ and 35 HPS-) patients with BD, and 50 HC were administered a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests. RESULTS: There was worse neurocognitive functioning in both BD and SZ patients compared to HC. Overall, data from both groups of BD patients did not differ on sociodemographic, clinical, or neurocognitive variables. However, BD HPS+ patients had significantly more negative symptoms, as measured by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and showed a trend toward worse performance on executive functions compared to BD HPS- patients. Moreover, both BD groups had better performance on all neurocognitive tests compared to SZ group. CONCLUSIONS: Neurocognitive dysfunction may be more marked in SZ than in BD, yet qualitatively similar. A history of past psychotic symptoms in BD was not associated with more severe cognitive impairment during euthymia. Therefore, BD with psychotic symptoms does not appear to be a distinct neurocognitive phenotype.

5869 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

15.

Gilberto Amado: a obra memorialística como instrumento de análise metateórica
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Souza, Márcio Ferreira de

Sociedade e Estado

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aug 2011, Volume 26 N. 2 Pages 113 - 132

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A obra memorialística de Gilberto Amado (1887-1969) é o ponto de partida para a discussão acerca de sua contribuição para o pensamento social e político no Brasil. Composta por cinco títulos, dos quais se destacam: História da minha infância (1954), Minha formação no Recife (1955), Mocidade no Rio e primeira viagem à Europa (1956), Presença na política (1958) e Depois da política (1960), tais publicações apresentam um arcabouço para a compreensão dos elementos formadores das reflexões do autor e a possibilidade de se pensar na produção memorialística como instrumento de análise metateórica. Dois focos são privilegiados: (a) a investigação da construção da identidade narrativa do autor; (b) a visão de sua obra memorialística como elaboração de um painel da sociedade brasileira, visto que, ao reconstituir sua própria trajetória, da infância à maturidade, Amado contribuiu para a construção de uma notável fonte documental para a compreensão do Brasil Republicano.

The memorialistic writing by Gilberto Amado (1887-1969) is the starting point for my discussing his contribution to the social and political thinking in Brazil. His writing comprises five books, the following being highlighted: História da minha infância (1954) [History of my childhood], Minha formação no Recife (1955) [My education in Recife), Mocidade no Rio e primeira viagem à Europa (1956) [Youth years in Rio and the first trip to Europe], Presença na política (1958) [Present at politics] e Depois da política (1960) [After politics]; these works set the background for understanding the formative elements in the author's reflections and also the possibility of thinking the memorialistic writing as an instrument for meta-theoretical analysis. A twofold focus has been preferred here: (a) investigating the building of the author's narrative identity; b) viewing his memorialistic writing as elaborations on the framings of the Brazilian society, since, by rebuilding his own personal journey from his childhood to elderly years, Amado has contributed to building a remarkable documental source for understanding Republican Brazil.

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