ABSTRACT Cobalt (Co) and molybdenum (Mo) are essential elements with a fundamental role in biological nitrogen fixation in legumes. Vitamins such as thiamine, despite being required in small quantities, influence plant growth. This study aimed to assess the efficiency of different doses of thiamine applied as seed treatment, combined or not with Co and Mo, in enhancing the development of soybean crops. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse according to a randomized block design with a 6 × 2 factorial arrangement, comprising six thiamine doses (0, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg kg-1) in the presence or absence of Co and Mo at the recommended rate of 100 mL ha-1. At 40 days after sowing, plants were analyzed for root length, root dry weight, shoot length, shoot dry weight, nodule number, and nodule dry weight. Principal component analysis showed that combined application of Co and Mo with thiamine was negatively associated with all variables and that the thiamine doses most positively associated with the analyzed variables were 50 and 200 mg kg-1. In treatments containing thiamine alone, there was a linear direct relationship between thiamine dose and nodule dry weight. Root and shoot lengths and dry weights were highest in plants treated with thiamine only at a dose of 122 mg kg-1. Application of Co and Mo combined with thiamine via seed treatment does not promote the development of soybean crops. Thiamine application is a promising treatment to increase shoot length, root dry weight, and nodule dry weight in soybean. (Co (Mo legumes quantities growth crops arrangement 0, 0 (0 10 25 20 kg1 kg 1 kg-1 ha1. ha1 ha 1. ha-1 4 sowing length number 5 kg1. alone 12 ( kg- ha-

ABSTRACT Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) seeds have attracted great economic interest for their high levels of linoleic and α-linolenic acids. In Brazil, there is a lack of studies on the agronomic characteristics and physiological quality of chia, necessitating research on germination processes and strategies to enhance yield under field conditions. There are no studies assessing the development of seeds with different coat colors in the presence of fungicides. This study aimed to assess the physiological quality of chia seeds as a function of coat color and fungicide treatment. The experiment followed a completely randomized design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement and six replications. For this, seeds were divided into two groups according to coat color (black and white) and subjected or not to treatment with carboxin + thiram. Germination speed index, germination rate, and shoot length were evaluated in plants sown at 0, 90, and 180 days after seed treatment. Germination rate and speed index differed significantly between coat colors, with white seeds having higher vigor than black seeds. Shoot length, however, differed only for seeds sown on the day of treatment, indicating that treated seeds were more vigorous. Salvia L. L αlinolenic α linolenic acids Brazil conditions fungicides replications this thiram 0 90 18 however vigorous 9 1

ABSTRACT Stress caused by defoliation can compromise the physiological quality of soybean seeds. However, there is evidence that the application of nitrogen (N) can be an alternative to reduce the qualitative losses in seeds caused by defoliating insects. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of topdressing N fertilization in improving the physiological quality of soybean seeds from plants subjected to artificial defoliation. The experimental design was a randomized block arranged in a 2×4 factorial scheme with four replicates. The treatments consisted of two levels of defoliation (33 and 66%) and four doses of N (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg ha-1), using urea (45% N), applied two days after defoliation. Artificial defoliation was performed during the R3 stage by removing one (33%) and two leaflets (66%) from each trifoliate leaf under field conditions. At stage R5.1, leaf area was quantified, and after harvesting, germination, emergence, length, total dry mass, electrical conductivity, total protein content, mass of 1000 seeds, and tetrazolium (vigor and viability) tests were carried out. It was concluded that increasing the defoliation from 33 to 66% impaired the physiological quality of soybean seeds. The use of nitrogen fertilization for coverage after defoliation at the beginning of the reproductive phase cannot minimize qualitative losses in seeds. However (N insects 24 2 4 2× replicates (3 66 0, 0 (0 50 100 15 ha1, ha1 ha 1 , ha-1) 45% 45 (45 N, N) R 33% (33% (66% conditions R51 R5 R5.1 quantified harvesting germination emergence length conductivity content vigor viability out 3 ( 6 5 10 ha-1 (4 (66 R5. ha- (6

ABSTRACT. This study aimed to carry out the extraction and chemical characterization of oil from crambe treated with resistance inducers during its cultivation to promote greater efficiency in the defense system of plants. For this purpose, Agromos® and Ecolife® inducers were applied at rates of 0.5 and 1.0 L hectare−1 during crambe cultivation. Crambe seed oil was obtained in a Soxhlet extractor using n-hexane as a solvent and the oils were characterized in terms of fatty acid composition and minority compound contents (phytosterol and tocopherol). The oil obtained from seeds without the application of inducers (control) was also characterized. We determine the oxidative stability of oils with inducer application that presented higher minority compound contents. Crambe seeds that received the treatment with the Agromos® resistance inducer had higher oil content. However, in general, the fatty acid profile of the obtained oils was similar and showed a predominance of erucic and oleic acids (which represent ~82% of the composition). The application of the Agromos® inducer allowed obtaining seeds that provided oil with higher contents of phytosterols and tocopherols and higher oxidative stability. ABSTRACT plants purpose Agromos Ecolife 05 0 5 0. 10 1 1. hectare1 hectare hectare− nhexane n hexane phytosterol tocopherol. tocopherol . tocopherol) control (control content However general which 82 ~82 composition. composition) 8 ~8 ~

ABSTRACT. The screening of cover crops is essential for improving the physical-hydric properties of compacted soils. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of mixed or single cover crops on improving the physical-hydric properties of compacted Oxisol. Species with tap-rooted and fibrous-rooted rooting patterns were evaluated. The species included pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum), pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan), sunn hemp (Crotalaria spectabilis), velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens), white oat (Avena sativa), black oat (Avena strigosa), rye (Secale cereale), black oat + forage turnip (Raphanus sativus), black oat + white lupin (Lupinus albus L.), and black oat + group pea (Pisum arvense L.). Mixing cover crops did not improve the physical properties of the soil. The tap-rooted pigeon pea effectively reduces bulk density and increases porosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) in compact soils. The selection of cover crops with characteristics that improve soil physical-hydric properties is crucial for compacted areas. ABSTRACT physicalhydric hydric soils Oxisol taprooted tap rooted fibrousrooted fibrous evaluated Pennisetum americanum, americanum , americanum) Cajanus cajan, cajan cajan) Crotalaria spectabilis, spectabilis spectabilis) Mucuna pruriens, pruriens pruriens) Avena sativa, sativa sativa) strigosa, strigosa strigosa) Secale cereale, cereale cereale) Raphanus sativus, sativus sativus) Lupinus L., L L. L.) Pisum L.. . Ksat (Ksat areas

RESUMO A aplicação de silício está sendo difundida na agricultura como alternativa a ser integrada no manejo das culturas, por conta dos diversos benefícios relatados nas gramíneas acumuladoras e na resistência à estresses bióticos e abióticos. Assim, objetivou se avaliar a aplicação de silício via recobrimento de sementes e foliar nos componentes de produção do milho segunda safrinha. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em parcelas subdivididas, na qual as parcelas foram compostas por doses de filossilicato (0; 5; 10; 15 e 20 g kg-1 de sementes) no recobrimento de sementes, e as subparcelas constituídas pela aplicação foliar de silicato de potássio (1,0 L ha-1 em pré-pendão e 15 dias após). As avaliações realizadas foram: altura de plantas, altura de inserção de espiga, diâmetro de espiga e sabugo, número de fileiras por espiga, número de grãos por fileira, massa de 100 grãos e produtividade. Não houve efeito da aplicação foliar de silicato de potássio na produtividade e componentes de produção do milho safrinha. O uso de filossilicato via recobrimento de sementes incrementou os componentes de produção e a produtividade do milho safrinha segunda safra.

ABSTRACT The application of silicon is becoming popular in agriculture as an alternative for integrated crop management, owing to the diverse benefits resulting from the accumulation of silicon in grasses and the resultant resistance conferred in plants against biotic and abiotic stresses. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the application of silicon, via seed coating and leaf application, influences the production and yield components of maize in the second crop. The experimental design was divided into split plots, in which the plots were composed of phyllosilicate doses (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 g kg-1 of seeds) in the seed coatings and the subplots were composed of foliar applications of potassium silicate (1.0 L ha-1 in pre-dip and 15 days after). We evaluated the plant height, spike insertion height, spike and corncob diameter, number of rows per spike, number of grains per row, the mass of 100 grains, and productivity. The foliar application of potassium silicate had no effect on the yield and yield components of the corn crop. The use of phyllosilicate via seed coating increased the production components and yield of the second corn crop.

RESUMO Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a temperatura, o substrato e a luminosidade na germinação de sementes de chia, a fim de determinar procedimentos adequados para um teste de germinação. O experimento consistiu em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4 x 5 x 2 (quatro substratos x cinco temperaturas x duas condições de luminosidade), com quatro repetições. As seguintes variáveis foram analisadas: primeira contagem de germinação; germinação; índice de velocidade de germinação e tempo médio de germinação. A germinação apresentou as maiores porcentagem de germinação a 15, 20, 25 e 30 °C para os substratos em papel, rolo de papel e areia; no entanto, na presença de luminosidade, o substrato em papel, a 25 °C, diferiu de todos os demais, resultando na maior média. Para todos os substratos, a menor germinação foi obtida a 35 °C, comprovando que o uso de altas temperaturas reduz a germinação das sementes de chia. O índice de velocidade de germinação apresentou os maiores valores a 25 e 30 °C para substratos em papel, rolo de papel e areia, tanto na presença quanto na ausência de luminosidade. Sementes de chia são consideradas como fotoblasticas neutras. O teste de germinação deve ser realizado com o substrato em papel, a 25 °C, com duração de sete dias, sendo a primeira contagem realizada aos quatro dias após a instalação do teste.

ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of temperature, substrate, and luminosity on chia seeds in order to determine adequate conditions for a germination test. The experiment consisted of a completely randomized design, in a 4 × 5 × 2 factorial scheme (four substrates × five temperatures × two luminosity conditions), with four replications. The following variables were analyzed: first germination count, germination, germination speed index, and mean germination time. Germination was best at 15, 20, 25, and 30 °C for the on-paper, paper roll, and sand substrates. However, in the presence of luminosity and at 25 °C, the on-paper substrate had the highest mean. For all substrates, the lowest germination was achieved at 35 °C, proving that high temperatures reduce chia seed germination. Germination speed index was highest at 25 and 30 °C for on-paper, paper roll, and sand substrates, in both the presence and absence of luminosity. Chia seeds are considered to be neutral photoblasts. Germination tests should be performed with the on-paper substrate, at 25 °C, and with a duration of seven days. The first count should be carried out four days after establishment of the test.

RESUMO O desenvolvimento de tecnologias que visam aumentar a eficiência do estabelecimento de estande e incremento no vigor das sementes, bem como maximizar os lucros é de fundamental importância para a sustentabilidade da agricultura. Produtos à base de substâncias húmicas, tais como ácidos húmicos, vêm sendo utilizados recentemente na agricultura brasileira, atuando em processos fisiológicos, de tal forma a garantir plântulas com elevado vigor, o que influencia positivamente no estabelecimento do estande inicial da cultura. Dessa forma, esse trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do tratamento de sementes de milho com produto comercial fonte de ácido húmico, na germinação e vigor de plântulas. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de seis doses (0, 100, 200, 300, 400 e 500 mL 100 kg-1 de sementes) do produto comercial Humykos® (18% de ácido húmico). As sementes tratadas foram analisadas quanto à germinação e vigor (primeira contagem de germinação, emergência, índice de velocidade de emergência, comprimento e massa seca de parte aérea e raiz). O ácido húmico promove maior crescimento das plântulas e aumento da massa seca da parte aérea do milho, além de ter influência positiva no índice de velocidade de emergência, até a dose 158 mL 100 kg-1 de sementes.

ABSTRACT The development of technologies to increase stand establishment efficiency and seed vigor, as well as to maximize profits, is of fundamental importance for the sustainability of agriculture. Products based on humic substances, such as humic acids, have been recently used in Brazilian agriculture to produce seedlings with high vigor, which positively influences the establishment of the initial stand. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of treatment of corn seeds with a commercial humic acid-based product, Humykos® (18% of humic acid content), on germination and seedling vigor. The treatments consisted of six doses (0, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 mL 100 kg-1 seed) of Humykos®, and the treated seeds were analyzed for germination and vigor (first count, emergence, emergence speed index, length, and dry mass of shoots and roots). Our results show that humic acid promotes greater seedling growth and increased shoot dry mass in corn; in addition, it has a positive influence on the emergence speed index up to a dose 158 mL 100 kg -1 seeds.

RESUMO O Cerrado ocupa 25% do território brasileiro e é o segundo maior bioma da América do Sul, perdendo somente para a Floresta Amazônica, sendo assim, estudos com espécies nativas são de fundamental importância para implementação de estratégias de conservação, no qual o conhecimento do comportamento da germinação das sementes é fundamental neste contexto. Melancia do Cerrado (Melothria campestris (Naudin) H. Schaef. & S.S. Renner) é uma frutífera não cultivada que tem sido utilizada em projetos de revegetação de ambientes campestres do Cerrado, pois seus frutos alimentam a fauna em épocas de escassez de alimentos. Objetivou-se determinar a metodologia quanto ao substrato, temperatura e tempo de contagem para o teste de germinação em melancia do Cerrado. Os tratamentos constaram de quatro substratos: rolo de papel, sobre papel, entre areia e sobre areia e quatro temperaturas: 20, 25 e 30 °C constantes e 20-30 °C alternada. O efeito dos substratos e temperaturas sobre o desempenho das sementes foi avaliado pelo teste de germinação, índice de velocidade e tempo médio de germinação. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente ao acaso, com os tratamentos distribuídos em esquema fatorial 4 × 4 (substratos × temperaturas), com quatro repetições. A temperatura de 20 °C influenciou negativamente em todos os substratos. O teste de germinação em sementes de melancia do Cerrado pode ser realizado em rolo de papel ou sobre areia, à temperatura constante de 30 °C ou alternada de 20-30 °C, com contagem final no 30° dia.

ABSTRACT The Cerrado occupies 25% of the Brazilian territory and is the second largest biome in South America, second only to the Amazon Rainforest. Hence, studies on the native species of the Cerrado are important for implementing conservation strategies. In this context, knowledge of the requirements and conditions for germination of seeds of these native species is essential. The Cerrado watermelon (Melothria campestris (Naudin) H. Schaef. & S.S. Renner) is a plant that is not cultivated, but has been used in revegetation projects in the countryside of the Cerrado because its fruits are fed upon by fauna in times of food shortage. The purpose of this study was to determine the most appropriate methodology for the germination of the Cerrado watermelon, by identifying the best-suited substrate, the optimal temperature, and the corresponding time taken for germination. The treatments consisted of four substrates: in a paper roll, on paper, in sand, and on sand; and four temperatures: 20, 25, and 30 °C (maintained constant), and a fourth temperature treatment that alternated 20-30 °C. The effect of the substrates and temperatures on seed performance was evaluated using the germination test, speed index, and average time for germination. The experimental design was fully randomized, with treatments distributed in a 4 × 4 (substrates × temperatures) factorial scheme, with four replications. Our results show that the temperature of 20 °C had a negative influence on germination in all substrates. Further, we found that the germination of the Cerrado watermelon seeds was best in a paper roll or on sand substrate, maintained at a constant temperature of 30 °C, or when temperature was alternated 20-30 °C, and the time required for germination stabilization was 30 days.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação superficial de calcário em plantio direto, na produtividade e nas características tecnológicas dos grãos de cultivares de feijão. O trabalho foi desenvolvido durante dois anos agrícolas, em Latossolo Vermelho distrófico, em condições de sequeiro. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com quatro repetições. As parcelas foram representadas por cultivares de feijão (Carioca, IAC Carioca Eté, Pérola, IAPAR 81 e Campeão 2) e as subparcelas formadas pelas doses de calcário dolomítico (sem aplicação de calcário; 1,8; 3,6 e 5,4 t ha-1). As cultivares de feijão tiveram desenvolvimento produtivo distinto em função das doses de calcário aplicadas superficialmente no sistema plantio direto. A cultivar Campeão 2 foi mais produtiva nos dois anos de experimentação e a cultivar IAPAR 81 respondeu linearmente ao aumento das doses de calcário no segundo ano agrícola. Houve efeito da interação dos fatores cultivares x doses de calcário para o tempo de cozimento, nos dois anos de experimentação, com aumento dessa característica na cultivar IAPAR 81, em função do incremento das doses de calcário. Comportamento semelhante foi obtido pela cultivar Pérola, porém apenas no segundo ano agrícola. O teor de proteína bruta variou de 210 a 230 g kg-1 e a relação de hidratação ficou próxima de 2,0 não sendo influenciados pelas doses de calcário e pelas cultivares de feijão.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of liming on yield and technological characteristics common bean cultivars under no-tillage system. The study was carried out during two crop seasons, on a dystrophic Red Latosol, under rainfed conditions. Responses were assessed using a split-plot design with four replications. The main plots were represented by the common bean cultivars (Carioca, IAC Carioca Eté, Pérola, IAPAR 81 and Campeão 2) and the split plots were represented by the rates of dolomitic limestone (0; 1.8; 3.6 and 5.4 t ha-1). The cultivars differed in yield performance according to lime rates under no-tillage system. Campeão 2 had the best performance over the two years and IAPAR 81 responded linearly to the increasing lime rate on the second crop season. The interaction common bean cultivar x lime rates had an effect on the cooking time of the beans. IAPAR 81 presented an increase in cooking time as the rate of lime was increased along the two crop seasons. Pérola had the same effect, but only on the second crop season. Crude protein ranged between 210 and 230 g kg-1 and hydration ratio was close to 2. Neither protein nor hydration ratio were influenced by lime rates or cultivars.

O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da aplicação ou não de nitrogênio em cobertura em feijão "das águas", cultivado após diferentes coberturas vegetais. O experimento foi conduzido em Campo Grande, Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com quatro repetições. As parcelas foram constituídas por diferentes coberturas vegetais (milho adensado, algodão e trigo) e as subparcelas, pela aplicação ou não de nitrogênio em cobertura (0 e 70 kg ha-1). A semeadura do feijão (Carioca Precoce) foi realizada em setembro de 2005. Foram realizadas as seguintes avaliações: ciclo, população de plantas, componentes da produção, massa de 100 grãos, produtividade, matéria seca na colheita e teor de proteína bruta nos grãos. Pode-se concluir que houve aumento de produtividade do feijoeiro, quando cultivado após a cultura do trigo, e a adubação nitrogenada em cobertura proporcionou incremento na produtividade.

The present work had as objective to evaluate the effect of application or not of nitrogen in covering on "water" beans, cultivated under different vegetal covers. The experiment was carried out in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks in an split-plot outline scheme, with four repetitions. The parcels were constituted by different vegetal covers (high density maize, cotton and wheat) and subparcels by nitrogen sidedressing application (0 and 70 kg ha-1). Bean sowing (Carioca Precocious) was carried out in September, 2005. The following evaluations were conducted: cycle, plant population, components, mass of 100 grains, yield, dry matter and grain crude protein. It can be concluded that bean yield was increased when cultivated after wheat culture, and that nitrogen fertilization in covering increased yield.

A acidez do solo no sistema plantio direto pode ser minimizada com aplicação superficial de calcário. Tal prática é favorecida pela permanência de restos vegetais na superfície do solo, pela liberação de compostos orgânicos hidrossolúveis, que variam de planta para planta. Por isso foi instalado um experimento em Latossolo Vermelho distrófico (V = 41 %) em Botucatu (SP), objetivando avaliar os efeitos da aplicação superficial de calcário dolomítico na concentração de cátions solúveis nos resíduos vegetais das culturas de milheto, feijão e aveia preta em dois anos agrícolas (2002/2003 e 2003/2004). No caso do feijoeiro, o delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com quatro repetições. As parcelas foram representadas por cultivares de feijão (Carioca, IAC Carioca Eté, Pérola, IAPAR 81 e Campeão 2), enquanto as subparcelas foram formadas por doses de calcário dolomítico (sem aplicação, 1,8; 3,6 e 5,4 t ha-1). Para o milheto e aveia preta foram consideradas apenas as doses como fator. Foram avaliados os teores de Ca, Mg, K e Mn na parte aérea de todas as culturas, bem como a condutividade elétrica no extrato. Os resultados evidenciaram que os teores de Ca, K e Mg solúveis na parte aérea das culturas anuais avaliadas não foram alterados com a aplicação superficial de doses de calcário dolomítico. As culturas do milheto e feijão apresentaram maior teor de cátions solúveis na parte aérea, quando comparado ao da aveia preta.

Soil acidity in no-tillage systems can be amended by surface liming. This practice is favored by plant residues on the soil surface, which release water-soluble organic compounds that vary among plant species. The experiment was conducted on a Typic Hapludox (V = 41 %) in Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil, to evaluate the effect of surface liming on the concentration of soluble cations in millet, common bean and black-oat crop residues in two growing seasons (2002/03 and 2003/04). For common bean, a randomized complete block design in split plots with four repetitions was used; the plots were common bean cultivars (Carioca, IAC Carioca Eté, Pérola, IAPAR 81 and Campeão 2) and the subplots were surface application of increasing dolomitic lime rates (0, 1.8; 3.6 e 5.4 t ha-1), in October 2002. For millet and black-oat only the rates were considered as studied factors. The concentration of Ca, Mg, K, and Mn, and electrical conductivity were analyzed in the shoot. The water-soluble cation concentration in the evaluated crops was not affected by surface application of lime. The water-soluble cation concentration in millet and common bean shoot residues were higher than that of black-oat.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a aplicação de nitrogênio em cobertura na cultura da mamona (Ricinus communis L.), em Campo Grande, MS. As doses de N foram 0, 30, 60 e 120 kg ha-1. A semeadura foi realizada em 27 de janeiro de 2006. O espaçamento entre linhas utilizado foi de 0,9 m e 0,45 m entre plantas. Foram realizadas as seguintes avaliações: altura e diâmetro de caule das plantas, número de cachos e de frutos por planta, matéria seca, produtividade e teor de óleo. A utilização de 80 kg ha-1 de N em cobertura aumentou a produtividade sem alterar o teor de óleo das sementes.

The development of castor plants (Ricinus communis L.) under nitrogen sidedressing fertilization was evaluated in a randomized block design, constituted by different level of nitrogen sidedressing fertilization (0, 30, 60 and 120 kg ha-1). The sowing was performed on January 27, 2006, comprising three lines of 4 m every plot. The spaces were 0.9 m between lines and 0.45 m between plants. Height and diameter plants, dry matter, yield and oil content were evaluated. The 80 kg ha-1 nitrogen sidedressing fertilization increases the yield and did not alter seed oil content.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da adubação com nitrogênio e molibdênio, na produtividade e nas características tecnológicas dos grãos de feijão. O delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 4x2, constituído por doses de nitrogênio em cobertura (0, 30, 60 e 120 kg ha-1), aliado à aplicação ou não de molibdênio por via foliar (0 e 80 g ha-1), com quatro repetições. A semeadura do feijão, cultivar Pérola, foi realizada em condições de sequeiro e no sistema de plantio direto. A adubação nitrogenada em cobertura e a molíbdica via foliar não influenciam a produtividade, mas interferem na característica tecnológica dos grãos de feijão. O teor de proteína bruta, o tempo de cozimento e o tempo para a máxima hidratação dos grãos aumentam com as doses de nitrogênio em cobertura. O tempo de cozimento é maior, à medida que há incremento de nitrogênio aplicado em cobertura, com uso de molibdênio via foliar. O uso de molibdênio via foliar proporciona o menor tempo para a máxima hidratação de grãos.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen and molybdenum fertilization on the yield and technological characteristics of common bean. The experiment was carried out in a randomized blocks design, in a factorial outline of 4x2, constituted by nitrogen side-dressing levels (0, 30, 60 and 120 kg ha-1), with or without molybdenum leaf application (0 and 80 kg ha-1), with four replications. The Pérola cultivar was sowed in growing season, in no-tillage system. The nitrogen side-dressing and molybdenum application do not affect common bean yield, but influence the technological characteristic of the grains. The protein content, the coocking time, and time for maximum hydration increase with nitrogen side-dressing levels increment. The cocking time is high for nitrogen side-dressing with molybdenum use. The use of molybdenum promotes the maximum grain hydration in the minimum time.

A utilização de cultivares com elevado potencial produtivo, adaptados ao local de cultivo e de boas características culinárias são de suma importância à cadeia produtiva do feijão. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento de cultivares de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) do grupo comercial carioca, identificando aqueles superiores quanto aos componentes da produção, produtividade de grãos, e às características tecnológicas, na semeadura "das águas" de 2000. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, com 15 tratamentos, constituídos pelas cultivares: Carioca, Pérola, IAC-Carioca SH, IAC-Carioca Eté, IAC-Carioca Pyatã, Carioca Precoce, IAC-Carioca Aruã, FT-Bonito, Rudá, Aporé, Princesa, IAPAR 14, IAPAR 80, IAPAR 81 e Porto Real, com quatro repetições. A massa de cem grãos e o número de grãos por vagem são os componentes de maior influência na produtividade de grãos de cultivares de feijão. As cultivares Aporé, Carioca Precoce e Rudá, destacam-se com produtividade de grãos acima de 3.500 kg ha-1. As características tecnológicas dos grãos das cultivares Carioca, IAPAR 80 e IAPAR 81, são maiores.

High yielding potential and proper cooking characters are the main desirable factors to be taken into account in the choise of new common bean cultivars. In this research work, the yielding components considered were number of pods/plant, number of grains/pod and 100 grain-mass. As to the tecnological characters, grain crude protein content, cooking time and hydration ability were measured. A randomized complete block design, with four replications, was set up in which 15 common bean cultivars were checked for the above mentioned parameters (Carioca, Pérola, IAC Carioca, IAC Carioca Eté, IAC Carioca Pyatã, Carioca Precoce, IAC Carioca Aruã, FT Bonito, Rudá, Aporé, Princesa, IAPAR 14, IAPAR 80, IAPAR 81 and Porto Real). Grain yileding potentials above 3,500 kg ha-1 were observed in the cultivars Aporé, Carioca Precoce and Rudá with superior cooking parameters being detected in the cultivars Carioca, IAPAR 80 and IAPAR 81.