RESUMO: O soro lácteo é um subproduto da indústria de laticínios de grande importância devido ao seu alto valor nutritivo, podendo ser utilizado para fabricação de bebida láctea fermentada que, associada a frutas, aumenta o valor nutricional e agrega sabores característicos. A partir disso, foi elaborada uma bebida láctea fermentada adicionada de polpa de cajá-manga (Spondias dulcis), sendo avaliada sua informação nutricional bem como a estabilidade físico-química, durante o armazenamento. Os resultados mostram que a informação nutricional atendeu os requisitos estipulados pela legislação brasileira. A estabilidade físico-química da bebida, quanto aos parâmetros analisados de pH, acidez, sinerese e sedimentação, sofreu influência pelo o tempo de armazenamento, possivelmente, associados a fatores não controlados neste estudo como a concentração de cultura láctea iniciadora e final do produto elaborado, a biodegradação de proteínas durante a estocagem e baixos teores de sólidos. Conclui-se que a bebida elaborada constitui um alimento fonte de diversos nutrientes, e poderá complementar a alimentação diária de crianças, adolescentes e adultos, suprindo as carências nutricionais.

ABSTRACT: Whey is a by-product of the dairy industry of great importance due to its high nutritional value, and can be used for the manufacture of fermented dairy drinks which, combined with fruit, increase the nutritional value and add characteristic flavors. Therefore, a fermented dairy beverage with caja-mango pulp (Spondias dulcis) was elaborated and its nutritional information as well as the physical-chemical stability were evaluated during storage. The results showed that the nutritional information met the requirements stipulated by the Brazilian legislation. The physical-chemical stability of the dairy fermented drink in terms of pH, acidity, syneresis and sedimentation was influenced by the storage time, possibly associated with uncontrolled factors in this study, such as the initial and final dairy culture concentration of the processed product, protein biodegradation during storage and low solids contents. It is concluded that the elaborated drink constitutes a food source of several nutrients, and may complement the daily diet of children, adolescents and adults, supplying nutritional deficiencies.

ABSTRACT Objective The increased prevalence of obesity and associated comorbidities, such as cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, has gained attention worldwide, and the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been pointed out as a possible link. Thus, the present study aimed to verify the possible association between angiotensinogen (AGT) or angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) polymorphisms with overweight and obesity in adults. Subjects and methods The present investigation was a population-based cross-sectional study including 1,567 individuals from an urban area in Brazil. Anthropometric, clinical and biochemical parameters were evaluated, and all individuals were genotyped for the ACE I/D and AGT M/T polymorphisms. Results The prevalence of overweight was higher among men, whereas obesity was more prevalent among women. However, the frequency of ACE or AGT polymorphisms was similar among body mass index (BMI) categories. In addition, the mean age-adjusted BMI averages did not change significantly for ACE or AGT polymorphisms, regardless of sex or BMI category. The age-adjusted BMI average for the combination of ACE and AGT genotypes evidenced no significant differences regardless of sex or BMI categories. Results were similar when BMI was replaced by waist circumference (WC). Conclusions We were not able to find any associations between BMI and WC (overweight/obesity) and ACE and AGT polymorphisms, indicating that the RAS system might not be involved in overweight and obesity, at least based on genetic backgrounds. However, further studies must measure RAS components to elucidate this question.

Resumo Fundamento: A hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) é uma condição clínica de etiologia multifatorial e de sério agravo à saúde do idoso. Apesar das alterações cardiovasculares influenciarem o desenvolvimento da HAS nesta faixa etária, vários outros fatores genéticos e ambientais têm sido descritos na literatura, incluindo a variante polimórfica do gene da enzima conversora da angiotensina (ECA) e a distribuição da gordura corporal. Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência da HAS entre idosos e sua possível correlação com a variante polimórfica I/D do gene da ECA e outros fatores de risco associados. Métodos: Estudo de base populacional com 387 idosos residentes na zona urbana de Ibiaí (MG, Brasil) utilizando, para tal, um modelo hierarquizado. Resultados: À análise estatística, a variante polimórfica do gene da ECA não se mostrou associada à HAS (p = 0,316). Por outro lado, mostraram associação significativa com a HAS os fatores: sexo feminino, ausência de companheiro, consumo de mais de uma porção de sal ao dia e alterações nos índices de massa corporal e na relação cintura-quadril. Conclusão: Apesar da variante polimórfica da ECA não ter mostrado influência sobre a prevalência de HAS em idosos, algumas variáveis individuais, socioeconômicas, metabólicas e de hábitos comportamentais mostraram associação com esta condição.

Abstract Background: Hypertension is a clinical condition of multifactorial etiology that imposes serious harm to the health of elderly individuals. Despite the fact that cardiovascular disorders influence the development of hypertension in this age group, several other genetic and environmental factors have been described in the literature, including the polymorphic variant of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene and the distribution of body fat. Objective: To assess the prevalence of hypertension among elderly individuals and its possible correlation with the I/D polymorphic variant of the ACE gene and other associated risk factors. Methods: Population-based study using a hierarchical model and including 387 elderly individuals residing in the urban area of Ibiaí (Minas Gerais, Brazil). Results: On statistical analysis, the polymorphic variant of the ACE gene was not associated with hypertension (p = 0.316). On the other hand, there was a significant association between hypertension and the variables female sex, absence of a partner, consumption of more than one portion of salt per day, and changes in body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio. Conclusion: Although the polymorphic variant of the ACE gene showed no influence on the prevalence of hypertension in elderly individuals, some variables such as individual, socioeconomic, metabolic, and behavioral habits were associated with this condition.

Este estudo objetivou identificar a prevalência excesso de peso e o consumo alimentar entre adolescentes de rede pública de ensino ao norte de Minas Gerais. Desenvolveu-se estudo transversal com amostra aleatória e representativa de adolescentes. Foram coletadas informações demográficas e econômicas. O consumo alimentar foi avaliado pela aplicação de questionário semiquantitativo. Aferiu-se peso e altura para avaliação do estado nutricional com base no Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) por Idade. A comparação entre os gêneros foi conduzida por meio do teste t de Student (médias) ou qui-quadrado (proporções), assumindo-se um nível de significância de p < 0,05. Foram avaliados 535 adolescentes e registrada uma prevalência de excesso de peso para 18,5%. Houve diferença significativa entre os gêneros para o IMC (p = 0,001), maior entre as meninas. O consumo médio de energia foi de 3.096,30kcal/dia. Observou-se consumo insuficiente de fibras em 35% dos adolescentes, de cálcio e vitamina A em 80% e gorduras insaturadas em 100%. Carboidratos e colesterol eram consumidos em excesso por 20,6% e 48%, respectivamente. A prevalência do excesso de peso e o consumo alimentar inadequado mostrou-se preocupante para a população estudada e demandam adequada intervenção nutricional.

This study sought to identify the prevalence of excess weight and food consumption patterns among adolescents attending public schools in northern Minas Gerais state. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a random and representative sample of adolescents. Demographic and economic data were collected. Food consumption was evaluated by applying a semi-quantitative food questionnaire. Body weight and height were measured to assess the nutritional status based on the Body Mass Index (BMI) by Age. The sexes were compared by Student's t test (comparison of samples) and chi-square test (goodness of fit) at a level of significance of p <0.05. 535 adolescents were evaluated and prevalence of excess weight was detected in 18.5% of the group. BMI (p = 0,001) was statistically different between the sexes and higher for girls. The average energy consumption of the group was 3096.30 kcal/day. Fiber consumption was insufficient in 35% of the adolescents, vitamin A and calcium in 80% and unsaturated fats in 100%. Carbohydrate and cholesterol were consumed in excess by 20.6% and 48%, respectively. The prevalence of excess weight and inadequate food consumption is of great concern for the population studied and requires appropriate nutritional intervention.

Este estudo objetivou identificar a prevalência excesso de peso e o consumo alimentar entre adolescentes de rede pública de ensino ao norte de Minas Gerais. Desenvolveu-se estudo transversal com amostra aleatória e representativa de adolescentes. Foram coletadas informações demográficas e econômicas. O consumo alimentar foi avaliado pela aplicação de questionário semiquantitativo. Aferiu-se peso e altura para avaliação do estado nutricional com base no Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) por Idade. A comparação entre os gêneros foi conduzida por meio do teste t de Student (médias) ou qui-quadrado (proporções), assumindo-se um nível de significância de p < 0,05. Foram avaliados 535 adolescentes e registrada uma prevalência de excesso de peso para 18,5%. Houve diferença significativa entre os gêneros para o IMC (p = 0,001), maior entre as meninas. O consumo médio de energia foi de 3.096,30kcal/dia. Observou-se consumo insuficiente de fibras em 35% dos adolescentes, de cálcio e vitamina A em 80% e gorduras insaturadas em 100%. Carboidratos e colesterol eram consumidos em excesso por 20,6% e 48%, respectivamente. A prevalência do excesso de peso e o consumo alimentar inadequado mostrou-se preocupante para a população estudada e demandam adequada intervenção nutricional.

This study sought to identify the prevalence of excess weight and food consumption patterns among adolescents attending public schools in northern Minas Gerais state. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a random and representative sample of adolescents. Demographic and economic data were collected. Food consumption was evaluated by applying a semi-quantitative food questionnaire. Body weight and height were measured to assess the nutritional status based on the Body Mass Index (BMI) by Age. The sexes were compared by Student's t test (comparison of samples) and chi-square test (goodness of fit) at a level of significance of p <0.05. 535 adolescents were evaluated and prevalence of excess weight was detected in 18.5% of the group. BMI (p = 0,001) was statistically different between the sexes and higher for girls. The average energy consumption of the group was 3096.30 kcal/day. Fiber consumption was insufficient in 35% of the adolescents, vitamin A and calcium in 80% and unsaturated fats in 100%. Carbohydrate and cholesterol were consumed in excess by 20.6% and 48%, respectively. The prevalence of excess weight and inadequate food consumption is of great concern for the population studied and requires appropriate nutritional intervention.