ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of diets formulated with corn plus soybean meal (CSM) or with 21% autoclaved castor meal (ACM), with the addition of two enzyme complexes (EC1 and EC2), on the performance and egg quality of laying quail. Two hundred and sixteen quails were selected by egg production and weight uniformity and distributed in a completely randomized design with six treatments (in a 2 × 3 cross-factorial arrangement) and six replicates with six birds each. Three CSM and three ACM diets supplemented withEC1, EC2, or unsupplemented were established. The trial lasted three cycles of 21 days. Feed intake, laying rate, egg mass, feed conversion per egg mass, and feed conversion per dozen eggs did not differ. The use of ACM diet reduced egg (EW), yolk (YW), and eggshell (SW) weights, egg specific gravity and increased yolk color. However, EW and YW were similar among quails fed diets containing CSM and ACM when supplemented with CE1.The use of enzyme complex containing xylanase, b-glucanase, and phytase is recommended when 21% autoclaved castor mealis included in the diet of laying quails.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of digestible threonine supplementation in the starter diet on the performance, intestinal parameters, and nutrient metabolism of broilers derived from breeders of different ages. In total, 480 one-day-old Cobb chicks, derived from 38-or 49-week-oldbreeders, were housed in experimental battery cages until 21 days of age and fed four different threonine levels (800, 900, 1,000, or 1,100 mg/kg) in the starter feed. A completely randomized experimental design in a 2x4 factorial arrangement (breeder age x threonine levels) was applied, totaling eight treatments with five replicates of 12 birds each. Broilers from older breeders fed 800 mg digestible threonine/kg of diet presented higher weight gain, with a positive linear effect. There was also an interaction between breeder age and threonine levels for the weight gain of 21-d-old broilers supplemented at maximum level of 1,003 mg Thr/kg diet during the starter phase. There was no effect of breeder age or threonine levels on nutrient metabolism during the period of 17-21 days. There was no influence of breeder age or threonine levels in the starter diet on intestinal morphometric measurements, absorption area, or percentage of goblet cells.

Introdução: O emprego do acesso videolaparoscópico no tratamento das afecções digestivas que cursam com peritonite generalizada é motivo de controvérsia. Objetivo: Desenvolver um modelo de peritonite bacteriana para avaliação do tratamento mediante acesso laparotômico e videolaparoscópico. Métodos: Ratos machos Wistar foram submetidos à ligadura de ceco (CLP) sob molde rígido de 3mm de diâmetro; na seqüência foram feitas 14 punções no ceco com agulha 15X10. Após 6 horas de indução da peritonite, os animais foram tratados mediante laparotomia ou videolaparoscopia e avaliados com base nas hemoculturas e na taxa de mortalidade. O tratamento consistiu de tiflectomia seguida ou não de lavagem da cavidade peritoneal com solução fisiológica. Resultado: A mortalidade após CLP sem tratamento foi de 90% em uma semana. As hemoculturas positivas para bactérias após 3 horas variaram de 80 a 100% e após 24 horas de 60 a 80%, nos animais tratados com laparotomia sem lavagem do peritôneo e com videolaparoscopia seguida ou não de lavagem peritoneal. Todavia, a mortalidade após laparotomia foi de 20% e após videolaparoscopia foi de 80%. Conclusão: O modelo experimental desenvolvido induz a peritonite grave, e a bacteremia associada ao tratamento videolaparoscópico tem alta letalidade.

Introduction: The use of videolaparoscopy in the treatment of digestive diseases, associated with generalized peritonitis, is controverted. Objective: To develop a model of bacterial peritonitis for the evaluation of the treatments through laparotomy and through videolaparoscopy. Methods: Male Wistar rats were submitted to occlusion of the ceacum (CLP) on a rigid mold of 3mm diameter, followed by 14 punctures of the ceacum with a 15 x 10 needle. Six hours after the induction of peritonitis, the animals were treated by laparotomy or videolaparoscopy, while analysing blood cultures and the mortality rates. The treatment involved typhlectomy followed or no by peritoneal lavage with saline solution. Results: The mortality rate in one week, after CLP without treatment, was 90%. The blood cultures were positive in 80 to 100% of the animals after 3 hours, and in 60 to 80% after 24 hours, in the animals when treated with laparotomy without peritoneal lavage and in the animals treated through videolaparoscopy with or without peritoneal lavage. The mortality rate after laparotomy was 20%, whereas after videolaparoscopy it was 80%. Conclusion: The experimental model induced severe peritonitis, and the bactereamia associated with videolaparoscopy has a high mortality rate.