Resumo Gambás sul-americanos (Didelphis spp.) são hospedeiros definitivos de Sarcocystis neurona, Sarcocystis speeri, Sarcocystis lindsayi e Sarcocystis falcatula. No Brasil, diversos estudos têm demonstrado alta frequência de Sarcocystis falcatula-like em esporocistos derivados de gambás, com grande diversidade nos genes que codificam antígenos de superfície (SAGs). Neste estudo, a diversidade genética de Sarcocystis spp., oriundos de Didelphis albiventris e Didelphis aurita, dos municípios de Campo Grande e São Paulo, foi acessada por meio do sequenciamento de SAG2, SAG3 e SAG4, da primeira região espaçadora interna transcrita (ITS-1) e citocromo c oxidase subunidade I (cox1). Identificação molecular foi realizada em 16 amostras de DNA, obtidas de esporocistos ou merozoítos derivados de cultivo. Os fragmentos de ITS-1, cox1 e SAG3 foram clonados, enquanto SAG2 e SAG4 foram sequenciados diretamente dos produtos de PCR. Quatro alelos foram observados em SAG2, 13 em SAG3 e sete em SAG4, sendo novos quatro, 13 e quatro, respectivamente. Em ITS-1, 27 alelos foram observados, todos filogeneticamente relacionados à S. falcatula-like, previamente detectados no Brasil. Sarcocystis sp. filogeneticamente relacionado à Sarcocystis rileyi foi evidenciado por cox1 em três gambás. Mais estudos são necessários para entender o papel de Didelphis spp. como hospedeiro definitivo de Sarcocystis spp. diferentes daqueles previamente descritos. sulamericanos sul americanos spp neurona speeri falcatula Brasil falcatulalike like gambás SAGs. SAGs . (SAGs) estudo aurita Paulo SAG ITS1 ITS 1 (ITS-1 cox1. cox (cox1) DNA cultivo ITS1, 1, ITS-1 clonados PCR quatro respectivamente 2 S falcatulalike, like, sp descritos (SAGs (ITS- (cox1 ITS- (ITS (cox

Abstract South American opossums (Didelphis spp.) are definitive hosts of Sarcocystis neurona, Sarcocystis speeri, Sarcocystis lindsayi and Sarcocystis falcatula. In Brazil, diverse studies have demonstrated a high frequency of Sarcocystis falcatula-like in sporocysts derived from opossums, and high genetic diversity has been observed in surface antigen-encoding genes (SAGs). In this study, genetic diversity of Sarcocystis spp. derived from Didelphis albiventris and Didelphis aurita from the cities of Campo Grande and São Paulo, was accessed by sequencing SAG2, SAG3, SAG4, the first internal transcribed spacer (ITS-1) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1). Molecular identification was performed for 16 DNA samples obtained from sporocyst or culture-derived merozoites. The ITS-1, cox1, and SAG3 fragments were cloned, whereas SAG2 and SAG4 were sequenced directly from PCR products. Four alleles variants were found for SAG2, 13 for SAG3 and seven for SAG4, from which four, 13 and four, respectively, were novel. Twenty-seven allele variants were found for ITS-1, all phylogenetically related to S. falcatula-like previously described in Brazil. Sarcocystis sp. phylogenetically related to Sarcocystis rileyi was evidenced by cox1 in three opossums. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of Didelphis spp. as definitive hosts of Sarcocystis spp. other than that previous described. spp neurona speeri falcatula Brazil falcatulalike like antigenencoding antigen encoding SAGs. SAGs . (SAGs) study Paulo SAG ITS1 ITS 1 (ITS-1 cox1. cox (cox1) culturederived culture merozoites ITS1, 1, ITS-1 cloned products four respectively novel Twentyseven Twenty S sp (SAGs (ITS- (cox1 ITS- (ITS (cox

Resumo Foi avaliada a epidemiologia, hematologia e patologia das infecções por Leishmania spp., Toxoplasma gondii, Platynosomum illiciens, vírus da imunodeficiência felina (FIV) e vírus da leucemia felina (FeLV) e das coinfecções em gatos não domiciliados em uma área endêmica para leishmaniose. O diagnóstico foi realizado por exames sorológicos e necropsia. Foram descritas lesões macroscópicas e achados histopatológicos. Usaram-se imuno-histoquímica e hibridização cromogênica in situ para detecção de L. infantum. Encontrou-se infecção em 27 dos 50 gatos amostrados, dentre eles, 14 apresentavam coinfecções. Foi observada forte correlação entre esplenomegalia e linfadenomegalia com FeLV, e associação entre lesões hepáticas e caquexia com parasitismo por P. illiciens. Além disso, foi encontrado um aumento significativo na contagem de monócitos nos animais infectados pelo FeLV e uma diminuição na contagem de hemácias nos animais infectados pelo FIV. Formas amastigotas de Leishmania spp. e alterações teciduais foram detectadas em órgãos linfoides de um animal coinfectado com P. illiciens, T. gondii e FIV. O poliparasitismo registrado em gatos errantes do Centro-Oeste brasileiro deve ser considerado nas estratégias de controle de zoonoses. Além disso, gatos errantes de Campo Grande podem ser fontes de infecção de FIV, FeLV e P. illiciens para populações de gatos domiciliados.

Abstract We evaluated the epidemiological, hematological, and pathological data of Leishmania spp., Toxoplasma gondii, Platynosomum illiciens, feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infections and the coinfections in stray cats of an endemic area for leishmaniasis. The diagnosis was performed by serological tests and necropsy. We described gross lesions and histopathological findings. We used immunohistochemistry and chromogenic in situ hybridization for L. infantum detection. We found infection in 27 out of 50 sampled cats, among them, 14 presented coinfections. A strong correlation between splenomegaly and lymphadenomegaly with FeLV, and an association between hepatic lesions and cachexia with parasitism due to P. illiciens were observed. Moreover, we found a significant increase in the monocyte count in the FeLV-infected and a decrease in the red blood cell count in the FIV-infected animals. Amastigote forms of Leishmania spp. and tissue changes were detected in lymphoid organs of an animal coinfected with P. illiciens, T. gondii, and FIV. Polyparasitism recorded in stray cats of the Brazilian Midwest should be considered in effective control strategies for public health diseases. Moreover, stray cats of Campo Grande may be a source of infection of FIV, FeLV and P. illiciens for populations of domiciled cats.

Resumo O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a influência do sexo, da sazonalidade e de infecções por Trypanosoma cruzi e Trypanosoma evansi nos valores hematológicos de lobinhos (Cerdocyon thous) que habitam o Pantanal Sul-Mato-Grossense. Entre novembro de 2015 e outubro de 2016, foram amostrados 48 lobinhos. Os valores hematológicos mensurados foram as contagens de eritrócitos e leucócitos, volume globular e volume corpuscular médio. Consideramos como parasitados os animais positivos para T.cruzi e T. evansi em qualquer um dos testes diagnósticos utilizados. Observamos que sete (14.5%) lobinhos encontraram-se parasitados somente por T.cruzi, sete por T. evansi, e nove (19%) estavam coinfectados. Os animais parasitados por T.cruzi mostraram um aumento significativo das contagens de leucócitos (14.7 x 103) em relação aos animais não parasitados (10.4 x 103), parasitados por T. evansi (12.4 x 103) e coinfectados (12.9 x 103). Observamos diferença significativa em relação aos valores médios de eritrócitos e volume corpuscular médio entre os períodos de cheia e seca: 2.6 x 106 e 165, e 3.4 x 106 e 132, respectivamente. Todos apresentaram macrocitose não confirmada morfologicamente.

Abstract The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of sex, seasonality and infections by Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma evansi on the hematological values of crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous) that inhabit the Pantanal from Mato Grosso do Sul. Between November of 2015 and October of 2016, 48 animals were sampled. The hematological values measured were erythrocyte and leukocyte counts, globular volume and mean corpuscular volume. We considered as parasitized the positive animals for T.cruzi and T. evansi in any of diagnostic tests used. We observed that seven (14.5%) of the crab-eating foxes were parasitized only by T.cruzi, seven by T. evansi, and nine (19%) were coinfected. The parasitized animals by T.cruzi showed a significant increase in leukocyte counts (14.7 x 103) compared to non-parasitized animals (10.4 x 103), parasitized by T. evansi (12.4 x 103) and coinfected (12.9 x 103). We observed a significant difference in relation to mean erythrocyte and mean corpuscular volume values between wet and dry periods: 2.6 x 106 and 165, and 3.4 x 106 and 132, respectively. All presented morphologically unconfirmed macrocytosis.

ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: The transmission cycle of Trypanosoma cruzi in the Brazilian Pantanal region has been studied during the last decade. Although considerable knowledge is available regarding the mammalian hosts infected by T. cruzi in this wetland, no studies have investigated its vectors in this region. This study aimed to investigate the presence of sylvatic triatomine species in different habitats of the Brazilian Pantanal region and to correlate their presence with the occurrences of vertebrate hosts and T. cruzi infection.METHODS: The fieldwork involved passive search by using light traps and Noireau traps and active search by visual inspection. The light traps were placed at five selected points along forested areas for seven nights during each of the nine excursions. At each point where a light trap was set, eight Noireau traps were placed in palm trees and bromeliads.RESULTS: In all, 88 triatomine bugs were collected: two and one individuals from light traps and Noireau traps, respectively; three from peridomestic areas; 23 in coati nests; and 59 in thornbird nests. In this study, active search in microhabitats showed higher efficiency than passive search, since 95% of the triatomine bugs were caught in nests. Further, triatomine bugs were only found to be infected by T. cruzi in coati nests.CONCLUSIONS: Coati nests might act as a point of convergence and dispersion for triatomine bugs and mammal hosts infected by T. cruzi, thereby playing an important role in the sylvatic cycle of T. cruziin the Pantanal region.