Abstract Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical-epidemiological profile, associated risk factors and clinical outcomes of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), identifying the main causes of morbidity and mortality and overall survival rate of patients at five years of follow-up. Method This was a retrospective cohort study evaluating the prognosis and clinical outcomes of 222 patients diagnosed with AML at three large hematology centers in Ceará (northeastern Brazil) over a period of five years. Results The mean age at diagnosis was 44.1 ± 16 years, with a female prevalence of 1.3:1. No additional relevant risk factors associated with the development of AML were found, except for the well-established cytogenetic assessment. The overall 5-year survival rate was 39.4% (95%CI: 35.47 - 42.17). The main causes of death were disease progression (37.72%; n = 84) and sepsis (31.58%; n = 70). Conclusion The clinical outcomes in our sample of AML patients were similar to those of other reported groups. Disease progression and infection were the main causes of death. Access to diagnostic flow cytometry and karyotyping was greater in our sample than in the national average. As expected, overall survival differed significantly according to the risk, as determined by cytogenetic testing. clinicalepidemiological epidemiological profile AML, , (AML) followup. followup follow up. up follow-up 22 northeastern Brazil 441 44 1 44. 1.31. 131 1.3 1. 3 1.3:1 found wellestablished well established assessment 5year year 5 394 39 4 39.4 95%CI 95CI CI 95 (95%CI 3547 35 47 35.4 42.17. 4217 42.17 . 42 17 42.17) 37.72% 3772 37 72 (37.72% 84 31.58% 3158 31 58 (31.58% 70. 70 70) groups average expected testing (AML 2 1.31 13 1.3: 39. 9 354 35. 421 42.1 37.72 377 7 (37.72 8 31.58 315 (31.58 42. 37.7 (37.7 31.5 (31.5 37. (37. 31. (31. (37 (31 (3 (

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The presence of central sensitization (CS) in people with chronic neck pain requires clarification, as does the possible disparities between genders. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the presence of CS in chronic neck pain according to gender. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with the participation of 260 adults (18-59 years old) with chronic neck pain, carried out between September 2022 and September 2023. Instruments were applied to collect sociodemographic profile, pain characteristics, cervical functional disability and presence of SC. The software SPSS 23.0 was used for comparative analyzes. RESULTS: Regarding disparities between genders, there were no differences in the intensity of pain and cervical functional disability (p=0.134 and p=0.277, respectively). However, SC was higher in women (43.5 ± 14.0; p=0.003). In females, CS was related to "pain interference" in the aspects of walking (r=0.311; p=0.001), relationships with people (r=0.309; p=0.001), appreciation of life (r=0.321; p= 0.001) and with cervical functional disability (r=0.570; p=0.001). In males, CS was related to "pain interference" in aspects such as general activity (r=0.311; p=0.008), mood (r=0.376; p=0.001), walking (r=0.313; p= 0.007), relationships with people (r=0.477; p=0.001), sleep (r=0.321; p=0.006), appreciation of life (r=0.427 p=0.001) and functional disability (r=0.667; p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Women with chronic neck pain showed a greater presence of CS, while CS in men was related to a variety of aspects that negatively affect life. Given this, differences between genders could be considered in the management of patients with chronic neck pain. OBJECTIVES (CS clarification Therefore gender METHODS Crosssectional Cross sectional 26 1859 18 59 (18-5 old 202 2023 profile characteristics 230 23 0 23. analyzes RESULTS p=0.134 p0134 p 134 (p=0.13 p0277 277 p=0.277 respectively. respectively . respectively) However 43.5 435 43 5 (43. 14.0 140 14 p=0.003. p0003 p=0.003 003 p=0.003) females interference r=0.311 r0311 r 311 (r=0.311 p=0.001, p0001 p=0.001 , 001 r=0.309 r0309 309 (r=0.309 r=0.321 r0321 321 (r=0.321 0.001 0001 r=0.570 r0570 570 (r=0.570 p=0.001. males p=0.008, p0008 p=0.008 008 p=0.008) r=0.376 r0376 376 (r=0.376 r=0.313 r0313 313 (r=0.313 0.007, 0007 0.007 007 0.007) r=0.477 r0477 477 (r=0.477 p=0.006, p0006 p=0.006 006 p=0.006) r=0.427 r0427 427 (r=0.42 r=0.667 r0667 667 (r=0.667 p<0.001. p<0.001 p<0.001) CONCLUSION 2 185 1 (18- 20 p=0.13 p013 13 (p=0.1 p027 27 p=0.27 43. 4 (43 14. p000 p=0.00 00 r=0.31 r031 31 (r=0.31 r=0.30 r030 30 (r=0.30 r=0.32 r032 32 (r=0.32 0.00 000 r=0.57 r057 57 (r=0.57 r=0.37 r037 37 (r=0.37 r=0.47 r047 47 (r=0.47 r=0.42 r042 42 (r=0.4 r=0.66 r066 66 (r=0.66 p<0.00 (18 p=0.1 p01 (p=0. p02 p=0.2 (4 p00 p=0.0 r=0.3 r03 3 (r=0.3 0.0 r=0.5 r05 (r=0.5 r=0.4 r04 (r=0. r=0.6 r06 6 (r=0.6 p<0.0 (1 p=0. p0 (p=0 ( r=0. r0 0. (r=0 p<0. p=0 (p= r=0 (r= p<0 (p r= (r p<

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A presença de sensibilização central (SC) em pessoas com dor cervical crônica carece de esclarecimentos, bem como as possíveis disparidades entre os sexos. Portanto, objetivou-se avaliar a presença de SC na dor cervical crônica de acordo com o sexo. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com a participação de 260 adultos (18-59 anos) com dor cervical crônica, realizado entre setembro de 2022 e setembro de 2023. Foram aplicados instrumentos para coletar perfil sociodemográfico, características da dor, incapacidade funcional da cervical e presença de SC. Para análises comparativas foi utilizado o SPSS 23.0. RESULTADOS: Nas disparidades entre os sexos, não houve diferenças na intensidade da dor e incapacidade funcional cervical (p=0,134 e p=0,277, respectivamente). No entanto, a SC foi mais elevada nas mulheres (43,5 ± 14,0; p=0,003). No sexo feminino, a SC apresentou relação com a "interferência da dor" nos aspectos: caminhar (r=0,311; p=0,001), relacionamento interpessoal (r=0,309; p=0,001), apreciação da vida (r=0,321; p=0,001) e com incapacidade funcional da cervical (r=0,570; p=0,001). Já no sexo masculino, a SC teve relação com a "interferência da dor" em aspectos como atividade geral (r=0,311; p=0,008), humor (r=0,376; p=0,001), caminhar (r=0,313; p=0,007), relacionamento interpessoal (r=0,477; p=0,001), sono (r=0,321; p=0,006), apreciação da vida (r=0,427 p=0,001) e incapacidade funcional (r=0,667; p<0,001). CONCLUSÃO: Mulheres com dor cervical crônica mostraram maior presença da SC, enquanto nos homens a SC esteve relacionada a uma variedade de aspectos que afetam negativamente a vida. Diante disso, as diferenças entre os sexos poderiam ser consideradas no gerenciamento de pacientes com dor cervical crônica. OBJETIVOS (SC esclarecimentos Portanto objetivouse objetivou se MÉTODOS 26 1859 18 59 (18-5 anos 202 2023 sociodemográfico 230 23 0 23.0 RESULTADOS p=0,134 p0134 p 134 (p=0,13 p0277 277 p=0,277 respectivamente. respectivamente . respectivamente) entanto 43,5 435 43 5 (43, 14,0 140 14 p=0,003. p0003 p=0,003 003 p=0,003) feminino interferência r=0,311 r0311 r 311 (r=0,311 p=0,001, p0001 p=0,001 , 001 r=0,309 r0309 309 (r=0,309 r=0,321 r0321 321 (r=0,321 r=0,570 r0570 570 (r=0,570 p=0,001. masculino p=0,008, p0008 p=0,008 008 p=0,008) r=0,376 r0376 376 (r=0,376 r=0,313 r0313 313 (r=0,313 p=0,007, p0007 p=0,007 007 p=0,007) r=0,477 r0477 477 (r=0,477 p=0,006, p0006 p=0,006 006 p=0,006) r=0,427 r0427 427 (r=0,42 r=0,667 r0667 667 (r=0,667 p<0,001. p<0,001 p<0,001) CONCLUSÃO disso 2 185 1 (18- 20 23. p=0,13 p013 13 (p=0,1 p027 27 p=0,27 43, 4 (43 14, p000 p=0,00 00 r=0,31 r031 31 (r=0,31 r=0,30 r030 30 (r=0,30 r=0,32 r032 32 (r=0,32 r=0,57 r057 57 (r=0,57 r=0,37 r037 37 (r=0,37 r=0,47 r047 47 (r=0,47 r=0,42 r042 42 (r=0,4 r=0,66 r066 66 (r=0,66 p<0,00 (18 p=0,1 p01 (p=0, p02 p=0,2 (4 p00 p=0,0 r=0,3 r03 3 (r=0,3 r=0,5 r05 (r=0,5 r=0,4 r04 (r=0, r=0,6 r06 6 (r=0,6 p<0,0 (1 p=0, p0 (p=0 ( r=0, r0 (r=0 p<0, p=0 (p= r=0 (r= p<0 p= (p r= (r p<

Abstract Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a well-documented independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Obesity may provide an additional link between inflammation and accelerated atherosclerosis in RA. Objective: To evaluate the association between obesity and disease parameters and cardiovascular risk factors in RA patients. Method: Cross-sectional study of a cohort of RA patients from three Brazilian teaching hospitals. Information on demographics, clinical parameters and the presence of cardiovascular risk factors was collected. Blood pressure, weight, height and waist circumference (WC) were measured during the first consultation. Laboratory data were retrieved from medical records. Obesity was defined according to the NCEP/ATPIII and IDF guidelines. The prevalence of obesity was determined cross-sectionally. Disease activity was evaluated using the DAS28 system (remission < 2.6; low 2.6—3.1; moderate 3.2-5.0; high >5.1). Results: The sample consisted of 791 RA patients aged 54.7 ± 12.0 years, of whom 86.9% were women and 59.9% were Caucasian. The mean disease duration was 12.8 ± 8.9 years. Three quarters were rheumatoid factor-positive, the mean body mass index (BMI) was 27.1 ±4.9, and the mean WC was 93.5 ± 12.5 cm. The observed risk factors included dyslipidemia (34.3%), type-2 diabetes (15%), hypertension (49.2%) and family history of premature cardiovascular disease (16.5%). BMI-defined obesity was highly prevalent (26.9%) and associated with age, hypertension and dyslipidemia. Increased WC was associated with diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and disease activity. Conclusion: Obesity was highly prevalent in RA patients and associated with disease activity.

Abstract Background: Little has been published about the epidemiology of Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) in South America, especially in the intertropical zone, and no epidemiological data from Brazil are available. The purpose of the present study was to draw a clinical and demographic profile of GPA patients living in Northeastern Brazil based on laboratory, histological and imaging findings, and evaluate the frequency of organic involvement. Methods: Clinical, epidemiological and treatment data of GPA patients were collected retrospectively and compared with the literature. Results: The cohort included 25 GPA patients (84% female) aged 45.8 ± 16.1 years. Renal and ear-nose-throat (ENT) manifestations were the most common (both 64%). One third (32%) of the patients had 24-h proteinuria > 1 g, 50% had creatinine clearance < 50 mL/min at the time of diagnosis, and 33% had recurrent kidney damage during disease progress. The affected organs included lungs (60%), joints (44%), skin (32%), peripheral nervous system (28%), eyes (28%) and heart (16%). ENT involvement (n = 16/64%) was less frequent in our region than in São Paulo (n = 115/85.8%). Renal (n = 16/64%) and pulmonary (n = 15/60%) involvement was less frequent in our region than in the U.K. (renal n = 30/90%; pulmonary n = 28/84.8%). Conclusion: Most of our patients were female, presented the generalized form and were diagnosed late. The frequency of the main clinical manifestations (ENT, renal and pulmonary) was lower than that observed at higher latitudes, suggesting the existence of a Northeast Brazilian clinical and epidemiological profile and adding to our knowledge of this rare condition.

OBJETIVO: Descrever as manifestações extra-articulares (cardíacas, renais, pulmonares e neurológicas) geralmente não relacionadas às espondiloartrites (EpA) em uma grande coorte de pacientes brasileiros. MÉTODOS: Este estudo retrospectivo analisou 1.472 pacientes com o diagnóstico de EpA atendidos em 29 centros distribuídos pelas cinco principais regiões geográficas do Brasil, integrantes do Registro Brasileiro de Espondiloartrites. Todos os pacientes foram avaliados para a prevalência das principais manifestações extra-articulares (cardíacas, renais, pulmonares e neurológicas), divididas por diagnóstico [espondilite anquilosante (EA), artrite psoriásica (AP), artrite reativa (ARe), artrite associada a doença inflamatória intestinal (DII), EpA indiferenciada (EI) e EpA juvenil] e por forma clínica (axial, periférica, mista e entesítica). RESULTADOS: Dentre os pacientes avaliados com EpA, 963 apresentavam EA, 271 AP, 49 ARe, 48 artrite associada a DII, 98 EI e 43 EpA juvenil. Acometimento cardíaco foi observado em 44 pacientes (3,0%), seguido por acometimento pulmonar em 19 (1,3%), renal em 17 (1,2%) e neurológico em 13 pacientes (0,9%). A maioria dos casos de acometimento visceral ocorreu nos pacientes com EA ou AP e naqueles com forma clínica mista (axial e periférica) e/ou predominantemente axial. CONCLUSÃO: As manifestações extra-articulares cardíacas, renais, pulmonares e neurológicas são muito pouco frequentes nas EpA, variando de 0,9%-3% nesta grande coorte brasileira, estando mais associadas a EA e AP.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the extra-articular manifestations (cardiac, renal, pulmonary, and neurological), usually not related to spondyloarthritis (SpA), in a large cohort of Brazilian patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study analyzed 1,472 patients diagnosed with SpA and cared for at 29 health care centers distributed in the five major geographic regions in the country, participating in the Brazilian Registry of Spondyloarthritis (BRS). All patients were assessed for the prevalence of major extra-articular manifestations (cardiac, renal, pulmonary, and neurological), classified according to the diagnosis [ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), reactive arthritis (ReA), arthritis associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), undifferentiated spondyloarthritis (uSpA), and juvenile SpA], and according to the clinical presentation (axial, peripheral, mixed, and enthesitis). RESULTS: Of the patients with SpA assessed, 963 had AS, 271 PsA, 49 ReA, 48 arthritis associated with IBD, 98 uSpA, and 43 juvenile SpA. Cardiac involvement was reported in 44 patients (3.0%), pulmonary involvement in 19 (1.3%), renal involvement in 17 (1.2%), and neurological involvement in 13 patients (0.9%). Most patients with visceral involvement had AS or PsA, and the mixed (axial + peripheral) and/or predominantly axial clinical form. CONCLUSION: Cardiac, renal, pulmonary, and neurological extra-articular manifestations are quite infrequent in SpA, ranging from 0.9% to 3% in this large Brazilian cohort, and affected predominantly patients with AS and PsA.

Artrite psoriásica (AP) é uma artrite inflamatória soronegativa de causa desconhecida. Classicamente, a AP apresenta cinco formas clínicas, sendo a oligoartrite assimétrica a mais comum. Descrevemos o caso de uma paciente com AP refratária às drogas modificadoras da doença, que evoluiu com hepatite medicamentosa após quimioprofilaxia com isoniazida, administrada previamente ao tratamento com anti-TNFα. Em virtude do risco de ativação de tuberculose (TB) latente pela administração de anti-TNFα, da hepatotoxicidade decorrente do tratamento da TB, e baseado no fato de o tratamento da AP se assemelhar ao da artrite reumatoide, optou-se pelo tratamento empírico com abatacepte. Aproximadamente vinte dias após a segunda dose do biológico, a paciente evoluiu com importante melhora clínica, resolução da artrite, regressão das lesões de pele e melhora da anemia e das provas de atividade inflamatória.

Psoriatic arthritis (PA) is an inflammatory seronegative arthritis of unknown origin. Classically, PA has five clinical forms, and asymmetric oligoarthritis is the most common type. We describe the case of a patient with PA refractory to disease-modifying drugs, who developed drug-induced hepatitis after chemoprophylaxis with isoniazid, administered prior to the treatment with an anti-TNFα agent. Due to the risk of activating latent tuberculosis with the administration of anti-TNFα and hepatotoxicity onset caused by the TB treatment and based on the fact that the treatment of PA is similar to the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, a decision was made to use the empirical treatment with abatacept. Approximately twenty days after the second infusion of the drug, the patient showed clinical improvement, resolution of the arthritis, almost complete disappearance of the skin lesions and improvement of anemia and inflammatory tests.

OBJETIVOS: Descrever as manifestações clínicas iniciais da Granulomatose de Wegener (GW) diagnosticada no Brasil. PACIENTES E MÉTODOS: Análise retrospectiva de seis prontuários do Serviço de Reumatologia do Hospital Geral de Fortaleza (HGF), assim como a realização de um levantamento bibliográfico dos casos de GW descritos no Brasil obtidos dos bancos de dados LILACS, SciELO e MEDLINE. RESULTADOS: O estudo identificou 49 pacientes; 15 (31%) do sexo masculino e 34 (69%) do sexo feminino. A forma sistêmica ocorreu em 35 pacientes (73%): 28 adultos, cinco crianças e dois adolescentes. A doença limitada ocorreu em 13 adultos e uma criança. A média da idade adulta no início da doença foi de 42,2 anos (18 a 65 anos). O quadro clínico agudo, com sintomas há menos de três meses do diagnóstico, ocorreu em 41% (20/49) da casuística e a forma insidiosa, em 59% (29/49) dos pacientes. A prevalência das manifestações clínicas iniciais nos adultos com doença sistêmica (n = 28) foi 64% (18/28) das vias aéreas superiores (VAS), 36% (10/28) pulmonares, 18% (5/28) renais, 25% (7/28) oculares, 11% (3/28) cutâneas, 25% (7/28) musculoesqueléticas e 7% (2/28) neurológicas. Na forma limitada do adulto (n = 13), os sintomas prevalentes foram 84% (11/13) VAS, 23% (3/13) oculares e 15% (2/13) pulmonares. CONCLUSÃO: No Brasil, a prevalência das manifestações clínicas iniciais da GW foi semelhante aos resultados da literatura. A falta de especificidade dos sintomas pode retardar o diagnóstico na forma insidiosa da doença e aumentar a morbimortalidade das formas agudas.

OBJECTIVES: To describe the initial clinical manifestations of Wegener's Granulomatosis (WG) in Brazil. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of six medical records of WG patients followed-up at the Rheumatology Department of Hospital Geral of Fortaleza (HGF), as well as a bibliographic survey of cases of WG in Brazil on LILACS, SciELO, and MEDLINE databases. RESULTS: The study identified 49 patients, 15 (31%) males and 34 (69%) females. Systemic disease was observed in 35 patients (73%): 28 adults, 5 children, and 2 teenagers. Limited disease was observed in 13 adults and 1 child. The average age of onset in adults was 42.2 years (18 to 65 years). Acute clinical manifestations, with the onset of symptoms less than three months before the diagnosis, were observed in 41% (20/49) of the patients, and the insidious presentation in 59% (29/49) of the patients. The prevalence of the initial clinical manifestations in adults with systemic disease (n = 28) was 64% (18/28), upper airways, 36% (10/28), lungs, 18% (5/28), kidneys, 25% (7/28), eyes, 11% (3/28) skin, 25% (7/28), musculoskeletal, and 7% (2/28), neurological. In adults (n = 13) with limited disease, prevalent symptoms included: upper airway, 84% (10/13), eyes, 23% (3/13), and lungs, 15% (2/13). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of the initial clinical manifestations of WG in Brazil was similar to that reported in the literature. The lack of specific symptoms may delay diagnosis cases with insidious presentation of the disease and increase the morbidity and mortality in acute disease.

As amiloidoses são um grupo heterogêneo de doenças caracterizadas pelo depósito extracelular de uma substância amiloide composta por agregados de proteínas mal acopladas que se depositam longe do sítio de síntese, causando disfunção do órgão-alvo e doença clínica. A forma sistêmica mais comum é a amiloidose A (AA) secundária às infecções e às inflamações crônicas, sendo a artrite reumatoide (AR) a causa mais frequente. O tratamento da amiloidose AA consiste no controle ou na resolução da doença de base. O objetivo do presente estudo é relatar um caso de amiloidose renal secundária em paciente com AR refratária de longa duração que apresentou melhora clínica sustentada após o uso de anti-TNFα (etanercepte).

Amyloidosis is a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by extracellular deposits of a material composed of aggregates of amyloid - a poorly coupled protein - far from the site of synthesis, causing target organ dysfunction and clinical disease. Systemic amyloidosis A (AA), secondary to infections and chronic inflammation, especially rheumatoid arthritis (RA), is the most common form of amyloid deposition. Treatment of AA consists in the control or resolution of the baseline condition. The objective of the present study was to report a case of secondary renal amyloidosis in a patient with long-term refractory RA who presented sustained clinical improvement after the use of anti-TNFα (etanercept).

A retinite por citomegalovírus (CMV) é uma doença rara que acomete principalmente pacientes com a síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida (AIDS). No entanto, outros pacientes imunossuprimidos, como os transplantados, os que estão em uso de quimioterápicos, pacientes com lúpus eritematoso sistêmico (LES) ou em tratamento com drogas imunossupressoras também podem ser acometidos. O quadro clínico caracteriza-se por visão turva, diminuição da acuidade ou alterações de campo visual, geralmente unilateral, podendo ocorrer deslocamento de retina. A perda visual é progressiva, evolui em ritmo variável até a completa amaurose do olho acometido. O presente relato de caso descreve um paciente com vasculite leucocitoclástica grave submetido à terapia com corticoide em dose imunossupressora que evoluiu com glaucoma, panuveíte por CMV, perda da acuidade visual e infecção bacteriana secundária.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis is a rare disease which mainly affects patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Nevertheless, other immunosuppressed patients, such as the organ transplant recipients, the ones using chemotherapy, patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or in treatment with immunosuppressive drugs can also be attacked. The clinical characteristics are blurred vision, decrease of the visual acuity or visual field alterations, generally unilateral, with the possibility of retinal detachment. The visual loss is progressive, evolving in a variable rate until complete amaurosis of the attacked eye. The present case report describes a patient with severe leukocytoclastic vasculitis, submitted to corticosteroid therapy in immunosuppressive doses that evolved with glaucoma, panuveitis by CMV, loss of visual acuity and secondary bacterial infection.