Abstract Here we studied the entire Atlantic Forest hotspot to investigate whether the effect of different environmental predictors depends on the phylogenetic extension and the biogeographical history of different Atlantic Forest sectors. We used occurrence data of 3,183 plant species with arboreal or arborescent habits. We reconstructed climatic stability across 120,000 years using the Random Forest method. Then, we compared the effect of biogeographical history, topographic, and climatic variables on species richness and phylogenetic diversity using Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) models. Niche conservatism drives the strength and direction of environmental correlates with tree diversity, interacting with the biogeographical and phylogenetic extension considered. Low current climate seasonalities were the main drivers of species richness and phylogenetic diversity variation across the Atlantic Forest. Whereas in higher phylogenetic extension, topographic heterogeneity increased the number of tree species independent of the sector, deep-past climate stability favored phylogenetic diversity by increasing relict lineages of distant clades in all forests, but with anomalies in the southern sector. This investigation yields substantial evidence that the response of the northern and southern sectors of the Atlantic Forest to identical environmental conditions diverges significantly, providing compelling support for the imprint of phylogenetic heritage in generating non-linear diversity patterns. 3183 3 183 3,18 habits 120000 120 000 120,00 method Then GWR (GWR models considered sector deeppast deep past forests significantly nonlinear non linear patterns 318 18 3,1 12000 12 00 120,0 31 1 3, 1200 0 120,

Foi caracterizada a fisionomia e a estrutura do componente arbóreo de um fragmento de floresta estacional montana situado a 900 m de altitude. A área de estudo (8º11'144" -8º12'27" S e 36º23'730" -36º24'638" W) apresenta solos profundos e precipitação média anual de 948 mm ano-1. Foram amostrados todos os indivíduos vivos ou mortos, ainda em pé, com diâmetro a altura do peito > 5 cm, em 50 parcelas contíguas de 10 x 20 m, e tomadas as seguintes medidas: altura total, diâmetro do caule e área de cobertura da copa. As espécies foram classificadas quanto ao tamanho foliar, deciduidade e composição do limbo. Um total de 62 espécies (um taxon não identificado) foi amostrado. Densidade total, área basal total, altura e diâmetro médios e máximos dos indivíduos vivos foram 1.553 ind ha-1, 39 m² ha-1, 10,3 e 30 m e 14,2 e 105,0 cm, respectivamente. Cerca de 50% dos indivíduos vivos ocorreram abaixo de 10 m de altura. A distribuição das áreas basais e cobertura de copa por classe de altura indicou dois intervalos de concentração: 7-13 e 19-22 m. A área representa uma floresta estacional montana de transição entre as florestas ombrófilas e estacionais. A maioria das espécies é perenifólia e apresenta folhas simples e micrófilas (Casearia sylvestris Sw., Guapira nitida (Schmidt) Lundell, Marlierea clausseniana (O. Berg) Kiaersk., Ocotea aff. elegans Mez, Plinia sp., entre outras), ocupando o dossel da floresta juntamente com espécies notófilas (Amaioua cf. guianensis Aubl. e Roupala paulensis Sleumer) e mesófilas (Fabaceae sp. e Inga marginata Willd., entre outras). Entre as emergentes predominam espécies com folhas caducifólias e compostas, como Copaifera trapezifolia Hayne e Eriotheca crenulaticalyx A. Robyns.

The physiognomy and structure of the tree component of a montane forest fragment located in an area at 900 m altitude (8º11'144" -8º12'27" S and 36º23'730" -36º24'638" W), with 948 mm of annual rainfall, and deep soil were studied. All alive or dead standing plants with diameter at breast height > 5 cm, within 50 contiguous plots, 10 x 20 m each, had their trunk diameter, total plant height and canopy projection area measured. The species were classified in relation to their leaf size, deciduousness, and lamina composition. A total of 61 species were sampled plus one unidentified taxon. Plant density, basal area and average and maximum height and diameters were 1,553 plant ha-1, 39 m² ha-1, 10.3 and 30 m, 14.2 and 105 cm, respectively. About 75% of all alive plants had between 1.4 and 3 m high. The distribution of basal and canopy areas according to height class indicated two ranges of plant concentrations: 7-13 and 19-22 m. The forest fragment represents a transition between humid and dry montane forests. Most of the species are evergreen with simple microphyllous leaves (Casearia sylvestris Sw., Guapira nitida (Schmidt) Lundell, Marlierea clausseniana (O. Berg) Kiaersk., Ocotea aff. elegans Mez, Plinia sp.), they occurred in the canopy of the forest, together with notophyllous species (Amaioua cf. guianensis Aubl. and Roupala paulensis Sleumer) and mesophyllous (Fabaceae sp. and Inga marginata Willd.). The emergent trees are mostly deciduous and compound leaf species, such as Copaifera trapezifolia Hayne and Eriotheca crenulaticalyx A. Robyns.

Foi realizada a descrição da comunidade arbórea da floresta estacional localizada na Estação Ecológica do Tapacurá, município de São Lourenço da Mata, Pernambuco, com objetivo de avaliar suas relações com outras florestas da região. A área de estudo (8º03'04''-8º03'53'S e 35º09'55''- 35º10'48''W) apresenta cotas altitudinais variando entre 100 a 140 m e precipitação média de 1.300 mm. ano-1 Foram amostrados todos os indivíduos vivos ou mortos, ainda de pé, com DAP > 5 cm, presentes em 50 parcelas (10 × 20 m) e selecionados sete levantamentos quantitativos com objetivo de comparar as florestas da região. Foram amostradas 88 espécies/morfoespécies, incluindo três táxons não identificados. A maioria das espécies apresenta folhas simples (68,2%) e mesófilas (76,1%). A densidade total, área basal total, altura e diâmetro médios e máximos foram 1.145 ind. ha¹; 23,9 m².ha-1; 10,73 m (± 4,67); 32 m; 13,14 cm (± 6,98) e 77,35 cm, respectivamente. No estrato mais baixo (abaixo de 8 m), destacaram-se Gustavia augusta (Lecythidaceae), Actinostemon verticillatus (Euphorbiaceae) e Psychotria capitata (Rubiaceae). No estrato médio (17 a 20 m), destacou-se Chamaecrista ensiformis (Fabaceae) e, no estrato superior (acima de 26 m), Pterocarpus rohrii (Fabaceae) e Tabebuia serratifolia (Bignoniaceae). Considerando os aspectos fisionômicos e estruturais, bem como os resultados das análises multivariadas, pode-se concluir que a área de estudo apresenta maior semelhança com as florestas ombrófilas de terras baixas do que com as estacionais montanas.

A quantitative survey was carried out in a seasonal lowland forest at "Estação Ecológica do Tapacurá" in the municipality of São Lourenço da Mata, Pernambuco. The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between the study area and other forests in the region. In the study area (8º03'04''-8º03'53''S and 35º09'55''-35º10'48''W), altitudes range from 100 to 140 m average annual rainfall is 1,300 mm. All live or standing dead individuals with DBH > 5cm were sampled within 50 plots (10 × 20 m). Seven quantitative surveys were selected in order to compare the regional forests using multivariate analysis. Eighty-eight species, including three undentified taxa, were sampled. Most species present simple (68.2%) and mesophyllous (76.1%) leaves. Total density, total basal area, height and medium and maximum diameter were 1,145 ind.ha-1; 23.9 m².ha-1; 10.73 m (± 4.67); 32 m; 13.14 cm (± 6.98) and 77.35 cm, respectively. Most important species of understorey (plants shorter than 8 m) were: Gustavia augusta (Lecythidaceae), Actinostemon verticillatus (Euphorbiaceae) and Psychotria capitata (Rubiaceae). In the middle storey (17 to 20 m) Chamaecrista ensiformis (Fabaceae) was important, while in uperstorey (above 26 m), Pterocarpus rohrii (Fabaceae) and Tabebuia serratifolia (Bignoniaceae). Considering the physiognomic and structural aspects as well as the results of multivariate analyses, it is possible to note that the seasonal lowland forest studied is more related with ombrophilous lowland forest than the seasonal montane forests in the region.