ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate patient characteristics and factors associated with surgical resection in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). Methods: An analysis was performed on data from 295 patients with CD in follow-up from 2001 to 2018. Medical record data comprised age, gender, location, behavior and duration of the CD, smoking, and extraintestinal manifestation. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of surgical resection. Results: Out of the 295 patients with CD, 155 underwent surgical resection (53.2% male, mean age: 43.88 ± 14.35 years). The main indications for surgery were stenosis (44.5%), clinical intractability (15.5%), and intra-abdominal fistulas (15.5%). Smoking (p < 0.001), longer CD duration (p < 0.0001), ileo-colonic location (p = 0.003), stenosing behavior (p < 0.0001), and fistulizing behavior (p < 0.0001) were significantly associated with surgical resection. Initial use of biological was significantly more frequent in the group of patients without surgical resection (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Patients with CD still frequently need surgical treatment. Smoking (current or past), longer disease time, stenosing and fistulizing behavior, and ileo-colonic localization in CD patients were associated with a higher risk of surgery. Awareness about factors associated with unfavorable outcome allows such patients to be treated more appropriately. Purpose Crohns Crohn s CD. . (CD) Methods 29 followup follow up 200 2018 age gender smoking manifestation Results 15 53.2% 532 53 2 (53.2 male 4388 43 88 43.8 1435 14 35 14.3 years. years years) 44.5%, 445 44.5% , 44 5 (44.5%) 15.5%, 15.5% (15.5%) intraabdominal intra abdominal 15.5%. p 0.001, 0001 0.001 0 001 0.001) 0.0001, 00001 0.0001 ileocolonic ileo colonic 0.003, 0003 0.003 003 0.003) 0.001. Conclusions treatment current past, past past) time appropriately (CD 20 201 1 53.2 (53. 438 4 8 43. 143 3 14. 44.5 (44.5% 15.5 (15.5% 000 0.00 00 0000 0.000 53. (53 44. (44.5 15. (15.5 0.0 (5 (44. (15. 0. ( (44 (15 (4 (1

Abstract Objective: To analyze the amount of muscle and the presence of sarcopenia in postmenopausal women using different methods, verifying the agreement between them as to skeletal muscle mass (SMM). Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted with postmenopausal women aged ≥ 50 years. SMM was obtained from a predictive equation, Bioelectrical Impedance (BIA), and Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA). The skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) and the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) were calculated. The cut-off point of SMI was determined for the population itself. The agreement between the SMI obtained using the different methods was verified. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the criteria proposed by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2). The significance level adopted for all tests was 5.0%. Results: A total of 112 women were evaluated, with an average age of 66.1 ± 5.65 years. Among them, 51.8% were sufficiently active and 43.8% were overweight and obese. The SMI cut-offs were 6.46 kg/m2 for the predictive equation and 7.66 kg/m2 for BIA, with high sensitivity and specificity. There was an excellent agreement in the identification of SMM by the predictive equation (0.89 [0.824-0.917], p < 0.001) and BIA (0.92 [0.883-0.945], p < 0.001), in reference to DXA. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 0.9%, 1.8%, and 2.7% according to BIA, DXA, and the predictive equation, respectively. Conclusion: The predictive equation showed the expected agreement in estimating skeletal muscle mass in postmenopausal women, offering a viable and accurate alternative. Objective SMM. . (SMM) Methods crosssectional cross sectional 5 years , (BIA) XRay X Ray DXA (DXA) (SMI ASMI (ASMI calculated cutoff cut off itself verified EWGSOP2. EWGSOP2 EWGSOP (EWGSOP2) 0 5.0% Results 11 evaluated 661 66 1 66. 565 65 5.6 518 51 8 51.8 438 43 43.8 obese cutoffs offs 646 6 46 6.4 kgm2 kgm kg m2 m kg/m 766 7 7.6 specificity 0.89 089 89 (0.8 0.8240.917, 08240917 0.824 0.917 824 917 [0.824-0.917] 0.001 0001 001 0.92 092 92 (0.9 0.8830.945, 08830945 0.883 0.945 883 945 [0.883-0.945] 0.001, 09 9 0.9% 18 1.8% 27 2.7 respectively Conclusion alternative (SMM (BIA (DXA (EWGSOP2 5.0 56 5. 51. 4 43. 64 6. 76 7. 0.8 08 (0. 8240 0.8240.917 0824091 0824 0.82 0917 0.91 82 91 [0.824-0.917 0.00 000 00 0.9 8830 0.8830.945 0883094 0883 0.88 0945 0.94 88 94 [0.883-0.945 1.8 2. (EWGSOP 0. (0 0.8240.91 082409 082 091 [0.824-0.91 0.0 0.8830.94 088309 088 094 [0.883-0.94 1. ( 0.8240.9 08240 [0.824-0.9 0.8830.9 08830 [0.883-0.9 0.8240. [0.824-0. 0.8830. [0.883-0. 0.8240 [0.824-0 0.8830 [0.883-0 [0.824- [0.883- [0.824 [0.883 [0.82 [0.88 [0.8 [0. [0 [

ABSTRACT The rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) is an important forest species that yields natural rubber. Traditionally, rubber tree grafts are cultivated in clonal gardens on soil, which necessitates enormous acreage. However, this approach is not only inefficient in terms of productivity, but it also has nutritional and water control constraints. A tiny clonal garden with a balanced fertilizer treatment is an approach that has previously been employed for other species. To apply this same system to the rubber tree, the goal was to investigate the effects of applying macro and micronutrients via fertigation on the productivity of a mini rubber tree clonal garden, as well as to assess the efficacy of using green stems produced under these conditions in three grafting techniques. Five dosages of macro and micronutrients were administered to grafted rubber tree seedlings (clone ‘RRIM 600’ on ‘GT1’) before transplanting them into plastic pots. A totally randomized design was adopted, with five treatments and ten replications, each with two plants per pot, for a total of twenty plants per treatment. The shoot apex was cut after 105 days, and the green stems measuring more than 20 cm were harvested throughout the course of a year. The number of stems was highest in the months of January to March 2014, after 135 days, reaching 3 green stems per plant-1 per month-1, and productivity increased up to an estimated electrical conductivity of 1.64 mS cm-1. Nutrition was found to boost the output of the rubber tree clonal mini garden as well as the survival of grafts after grafting. The tiny clonal garden is a potential method for getting more vegetative rubber tree propagules. Hevea brasiliensis Traditionally soil acreage However constraints techniques clone RRIM 600 ‘GT1 GT1 GT ‘GT1’ pots adopted replications pot 10 days 2 year 2014 13 plant1 plant 1 plant- month1, month1 month 1, month-1 164 64 1.6 cm1. cm1 1. cm-1 propagules 60 ‘GT 201 month- 16 6 cm-

RESUMO A seringueira (Hevea brasiliensis) é uma importante espécie florestal que produz borracha natural. Tradicionalmente, os enxertos de seringueira são produzidos em jardins clonais cultivados em solo, o que demanda grandes áreas. No entanto, este sistema, além de ser pouco eficiente em termos de produtividade, apresenta limitações no controle nutricional e hídrico. Uma alternativa já empregada para outras espécies é a adoção do minijardim clonal com aplicação balanceada de nutrientes. Com intuito de empregar esse mesmo sistema à seringueira, objetivou-se investigar os efeitos da aplicação de macro e micronutrientes via fertirrigação na produtividade de um minijardim clonal de seringueira e avaliar a eficiência de utilização de hastes verdes produzidas nessas condições em três métodos de enxertia. Para isso, foram aplicadas cinco doses de macro e micronutrientes em mudas enxertadas de seringueira (clone ‘RRIM 600’ sobre ‘GT1’) e transplantadas para vasos plásticos. Foi utilizado delineamento inteiramente casualizado composto por 5 tratamentos e 10 repetições, com duas plantas por vaso, totalizando 20 plantas por tratamento. Após 105 dias, o ápice caulinar foi removido e as hastes verdes, com comprimento superior a 20 cm, foram colhidas ao longo de um ano. O número de hastes, foi maior nos meses de janeiro a março de 2014, após 135 dias, alcançando 3 hastes verdes planta-1 mês-1 e, constatou-se aumento na produtividade até a condutividade elétrica estimada de 1,64 mS cm-1. Conclui-se que a nutrição aumentou a produtividade do minijardim clonal de seringueira e a sobrevivência dos enxertos após a enxertia. O minijardim clonal representa uma opção promissora para a obtenção de mais propágulos vegetativos de seringueira. Hevea brasiliensis natural Tradicionalmente solo áreas entanto hídrico nutrientes objetivouse objetivou se enxertia isso clone RRIM 600 ‘GT1 GT1 GT ‘GT1’ plásticos 1 repetições vaso 2 tratamento dias cm ano 2014 13 planta1 planta planta- mês1 mês mês- constatouse constatou 164 64 1,6 cm1. cm1 1. cm-1 Concluise Conclui 60 ‘GT 201 16 6 1, cm-

ABSTRACT Objectives To evaluate the complete response (CR) rate and surgeries performed in patients with rectal adenocarcinoma who underwent neoadjuvant therapy (NT) at Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo and at Hospital São Paulo, in Ribeirão Preto, from January 2007 to December 2017. Methods We evaluated 166 medical records of patients with locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma (T3, T4 or N+) who underwent NT. The regimen consisted of performing conventional (2D) or conformational (three-dimensional-3D/ radiotherapy with modulated intensity – IMRT) at a dose of 45-50.4Gy associated with capecitabine 1650mg/m2 or 5-fluorouracil (5FU) and leucovorin (LV). The following variables were analyzed: gender, age, pretreatment stage, radiotherapy, CR index, local and distant recurrence rates. Surgical treatment and complications were also evaluated. Results The CR index was 28.3%. Patients treated with 3D/IMRT radiotherapy had a higher rate of CR (36.3% x 4.8%; p < 0.001), higher rates of clinical follow-up (21% x 0%; p < 0.001), lower surgery rates (79% x 100%; p < 0.001), higher rates of transanal resection (37.1% x 9.5%; p = 0.001), lower rates of abdominal rectosigmoidectomy (25.8% x 50%; p = 0.007) and lower rates of abdominoperineal resection of the rectum (16.1% x 40.5%; p = 0.002), when compared to patients treated with 2D radiotherapy. Conclusion Modern radiotherapy techniques such as 3D conformal and IMRT, by offering greater adequacy and precision of treatment, could result in better local control and less toxicity in organs at risk, enabling organ preservation strategies and less invasive approaches in selected cases. (CR NT (NT Preto 200 2017 16 T3, T3 T (T3 N+ N D (2D threedimensional3D/ threedimensional3D threedimensionalD three dimensional 3D/ (three-dimensional-3D IMRT 4550.4Gy 45504Gy Gy 45 50.4Gy 50 4Gy 1650mgm2 mgm 1650mg m2 mg m 1650mg/m 5fluorouracil fluorouracil 5 5FU FU (5FU LV. LV . (LV) analyzed gender age stage 283 28 3 28.3% 3DIMRT DIMRT 36.3% 363 36 (36.3 4.8% 48 4 8 0.001, 0001 0.001 , 0 001 0.001) followup follow up 21% 21 (21 0% 79% 79 (79 100% 100 37.1% 371 37 1 (37.1 9.5% 95 9 25.8% 258 25 (25.8 50% 0.007 0007 007 16.1% 161 (16.1 40.5% 405 40 0.002, 0002 0.002 002 0.002) risk cases 20 201 (T threedimensional 4550 504Gy 1650mgm (LV 2 28.3 36.3 (36. 4.8 000 0.00 00 (2 7 (7 10 37.1 (37. 9.5 25.8 (25. 16.1 (16. 40.5 455 28. 36. (36 4. 0.0 ( 37. (37 9. 25. (25 16. (16 40. (3 0. (1

ABSTRACT Introduction: with the improvement and wide acceptance of laparoscopy in colorectal operations, there was a need for specific training of surgeons in training. There are few studies evaluating the postoperative results of laparoscopic colectomies performed by resident physicians and their impact on patient safety. Purpose: to analyze the surgical and oncological results of laparoscopic colectomies performed by coloproctology residents and compare them with data in the literature. Methods: this is a retrospective analysis of patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery performed by resident physicians at the Hospital das Clínicas de Ribeirão Preto, between 2014 and 2018. The clinical characteristics of the patients were studied, as well as the main surgical and oncological aspects in a period of one year. Results: we analyzed 191 operations, whose main surgical indication was adenocarcinoma, most of them stage III. The mean duration of surgeries was 210±58 minutes. There was a need for a stoma in 21.5% of the patients, mainly loop colostomy. The conversion rate was 23%, with 79.5% due to technical difficulties, and the main predictors of conversion were obesity and intraoperative accidents. The median length of stay was 6 days. Preoperative anemia was associated with a higher rate of complications (11.5%) and reoperations (12%). Surgical resection margins were compromised in 8.6% of cases. The one-year recurrence rate was 3.2% and the mortality rate was 6.3%. Conclusions: videolaparoscopic colorectal surgery performed by residents showed efficacy and safety similar to data found in the literature. Introduction operations Purpose literature Methods Preto 201 2018 studied year Results 19 adenocarcinoma III 21058 210 58 210±5 minutes 215 21 5 21.5 colostomy 23 23% 795 79 79.5 difficulties accidents days 11.5% 115 11 (11.5% 12%. 12 12% . (12%) 86 8 8.6 cases oneyear 32 3 2 3.2 63 6.3% Conclusions 20 1 2105 210± 21. 7 79. 11.5 (11.5 (12% 8. 3. 6.3 11. (11. (12 6. (11 (1 (

RESUMO Introdução: com o aperfeiçoamento e a ampla aceitação da laparoscopia nas operações colorretais, houve necessidade de treinamento específico dos cirurgiões em formação. Existem poucos estudos avaliando os resultados pós operatórios das colectomias videolaparoscópicas realizadas por médicos residentes e seu impacto na segurança do paciente. Objetivo: analisar os resultados cirúrgicos e oncológicos das colectomias videolaparoscópicas realizadas por residentes de coloproctologia e comparar com dados da literatura. Métodos: trata-se de uma análise retrospectiva de pacientes submetidos a cirurgias colorretais laparoscópicas, realizadas por médicos residentes do Hospital das Clínicas de Ribeirão Preto, entre 2014 e 2018. Foram estudadas as características clínicas dos pacientes bem como os principais aspectos cirúrgicos e oncológicos em um período de um ano. Resultados: analisou-se 191 operações, cuja principal indicação cirúrgica foi adenocarcinoma, a maioria estadio III. A duração média das cirurgias foi 210±58 minutos. Houve necessidade de estoma em 21,5% dos pacientes, principalmente colostomia em alça. A taxa de conversão foi 23%, sendo 79,5% por dificuldades técnicas, e os principais fatores preditores de conversão foram obesidade e acidentes intra-operatórios. A mediana do tempo de internação foi 6 dias. Anemia pré operatória associou-se a uma maior taxa de complicações (11,5%) e reoperações (12%). Houve comprometimento das margens de ressecção cirúrgica em 8,6% dos casos. A taxa de recidiva em um ano foi de 3,2%, e a taxa de mortalidade, 6,3%. Conclusões: a cirurgia colorretal videolaparoscópica realizada por residentes apresentou eficácia e segurança semelhante aos dados encontrados na literatura. Introdução formação paciente Objetivo literatura Métodos tratase trata se laparoscópicas Preto 201 2018 Resultados analisouse analisou 19 adenocarcinoma III 21058 210 58 210±5 minutos 215 21 5 21,5 alça 23 23% 795 79 79,5 técnicas intraoperatórios. intraoperatórios intra operatórios. intra-operatórios dias associouse associou 11,5% 115 11 (11,5% 12%. 12 12% . (12%) 86 8 8,6 casos 32 3 2 3,2% mortalidade 63 6,3% Conclusões 20 1 2105 210± 21, 7 79, 11,5 (11,5 (12% 8, 3,2 6,3 11, (11, (12 3, 6, (11 (1 (

In juice and pulp extraction, about 10% of fruit waste is generated, which often ends up in landfills that can cause environmental damage, serve as food for insects and rodents, and cause health problems for humans. In this work, micronized guava waste was used as a filler in vulcanized compounds in natural rubber. Mechanical properties such as hardness, tensile strength, tear resistance, and abrasion resistance were evaluated, as well as thermal properties such as thermogravimetric analysis, in addition to scanning electron microscopy, X-ray fluorescence, elemental analysis, and infrared spectroscopy. According to the results of the mechanical properties tests, the addition of up to 20 phr of the filler tends to improve the tensile strength of the composites, resulting in an increase in the density of cross-links obtained through the Flory-Rehner method. The thermal behavior analyzed by TGA and FTIR spectra were not affected by the incorporation of fillers. extraction 10 generated damage rodents humans work rubber hardness evaluated analysis microscopy Xray X ray fluorescence spectroscopy tests 2 composites crosslinks cross links FloryRehner Flory Rehner method fillers 1

RESUMEN Brasil conmemora el bicentenario de la Independencia, y se observa que, en el transcurso de los años, muchas transformaciones, en las más diversas dimensiones, ocurrieron desde el período colonial. Sin embargo, es evidente que en ese largo recorrido se han acumulado contradicciones que repercuten en la devaluación de grupos sociales históricamente excluidos; en la investigación científica, ese proceso de disminución también ocurre. La investigación científica investiga los procesos de transformación en las diversas dimensiones: humana, social, económica, cultural, ambiental, entre otras, y produce conocimientos que son esenciales para el desarrollo de una sociedad. Sin embargo, debido a la opresión histórica sufrida, que provocó desigualdades, exclusión y racismo institucionalizado, son pocas las investigaciones con/sobre quilombolas, conforme apunta el Catálogo de la Coordinación de Perfeccionamiento de Personal de Nivel Superior (Capes) (2021). El artículo es el resultado de la investigación de tesis doctoral en desarrollo en el Programa de Posgrado en Educação na Amazônia (PGEDA/UFPA/UFT) y del grupo de investigación Gepce/Minorias/UFT. El objetivo es mapear las investigaciones en los Programas de Posgrado en Educación en las universidades de la Amazonia Brasileña sobre remanentes quilombolas. Consiste en una investigación bibliográfica con la metodología del estado del conocimiento, teniendo como referencia principal el Catálogo de la Capes ― Tesis y Disertaciones (2021). En ese sentido, la negación de derechos, oportunidades y voces reflejan directamente en las investigaciones científicas desarrolladas en los Programas de Posgrado de Educación en las Universidades de la Amazonia Brasileña. Independencia años transformaciones dimensiones colonial embargo excluidos ocurre humana social económica cultural ambiental otras sociedad sufrida desigualdades institucionalizado consobre quilombolas (Capes 2021. 2021 . (2021) PGEDA/UFPA/UFT PGEDAUFPAUFT PGEDA UFPA UFT (PGEDA/UFPA/UFT GepceMinoriasUFT Gepce Minorias Gepce/Minorias/UFT conocimiento sentido derechos 202 (2021 20 (202 2 (20 (2 (

ABSTRACT Brazil celebrates the bicentennial of Independence, it is observed that over the years, many transformations, in the most diverse dimensions, have occurred since the colonial period. However, it is evident that in this long journey, contradictions have been accumulated that have repercussions on the devaluation of historically excluded social groups, and in scientific research this process of minorization also takes place. Scientific research investigates the processes of transformation in the various dimensions: human, social, economic, cultural, environmental, among others, and produces knowledge that is essential for the development of a society. However, due to the historical oppression suffered, which caused inequalities, exclusion and institutionalized racism, there are few researches with/about quilombolas, as pointed out in the Capes Catalog (2021). The article is the result of a doctoral thesis research under development at the Graduate Educação na Amazônia (PGEDA/UFPA/UFT) and by the research group Gepce/Minorias/UFT. The objective is to map the research in the Graduate Programs in Education at universities in the Brazilian Amazon on quilombola remnants. It consists of a bibliographical research with the methodology of the state of knowledge, having as main reference the Capes Catalog - Theses and Dissertations (2021). In this sense, the denial of rights, opportunities and voices are directly reflected in the scientific research developed in the Graduate Education Programs at the Universities of the Brazilian Amazon. Independence years transformations dimensions period However journey groups place human economic cultural environmental others society suffered inequalities racism withabout about quilombolas 2021. 2021 . (2021) PGEDA/UFPA/UFT PGEDAUFPAUFT PGEDA UFPA UFT (PGEDA/UFPA/UFT GepceMinoriasUFT Gepce Minorias Gepce/Minorias/UFT remnants sense rights 202 (2021 20 (202 2 (20 (2 (

RESUMO O Brasil comemora o bicentenário da Independência, e observa-se que, no decorrer dos anos, muitas transformações, nas mais diversas dimensões, ocorreram desde o período colonial. No entanto, é evidente que nesse longo percurso foram acumuladas contradições que repercutem na desvalorização de grupos sociais historicamente excluídos; na pesquisa científica, esse processo de minorização também acontece. A pesquisa científica investiga os processos de transformação nas várias dimensões: humana, social, econômica, cultural, ambiental, dentre outras, e produz conhecimentos que são essenciais para o desenvolvimento de uma sociedade. No entanto, devido à opressão histórica sofrida, que provocou desigualdades, exclusão e racismo institucionalizado, são poucas as pesquisas com/sobre quilombolas, conforme aponta o Catálogo da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes) (2021). O artigo é resultado da pesquisa de tese de doutorado em desenvolvimento no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação na Amazônia (PGEDA/UFPA/UFT) e do grupo de pesquisa Gepce/Minorias/UFT. O objetivo é mapear as pesquisas nos Programas de Pós-graduação em Educação nas universidades da Amazônia Brasileira sobre remanescentes quilombolas. Consiste em uma pesquisa bibliográfica com a metodologia do estado do conhecimento, tendo como referência principal o Catálogo da Capes ― Teses e Dissertações (2021). Nesse sentido, a negação de direitos, oportunidades e vozes refletem diretamente nas pesquisas científicas desenvolvidas nos Programas de Pós-graduação de Educação nas Universidades da Amazônia Brasileira. Independência observase observa se anos transformações dimensões colonial entanto excluídos acontece humana social econômica cultural ambiental outras sociedade sofrida desigualdades institucionalizado comsobre quilombolas (Capes 2021. 2021 . (2021) PósGraduação Pós Graduação PGEDA/UFPA/UFT PGEDAUFPAUFT PGEDA UFPA UFT (PGEDA/UFPA/UFT GepceMinoriasUFT Gepce Minorias Gepce/Minorias/UFT Pósgraduação graduação conhecimento sentido direitos 202 (2021 20 (202 2 (20 (2 (

Abstract Indigenous peoples, in the Brazilian Amazon, have contributed a lot to the domestication of countless plant species used by the contemporary population as a whole. However, these peoples currently face legal limitations to market their forest products produced in a sustainable manner. In this regard, the study aimed to show the population structure of Schizolobium parahyba var amazonicum (Huber ex Ducke) Barneby, in environments conducive to natural regeneration and native forest. The species is used in the laminate industry in the region. The research also aims to contribute to the generation of indicators for discussion about the legal aspects of forestry to conduct natural regeneration in indigenous lands, in the Brazilian Amazon. To conduct the study, three environments of occurrence of the referred species were sampled: forests in climax and altered, and area under natural regeneration of the species, conducted by the original peoples, both environments located in the Amazon biome. The result of the study found that in the climax and altered forest the species has its population reduced due to its ecological character, since it is heliophile. Regarding the environment under natural regeneration, the same species showed structural differentiation from the other environments, demonstrating the effect of the forestry practice of conducting regeneration, in the form of polyculture, associated with other agricultural species. However, the lack of legal support for the commercialization of wood by native peoples discourages this sustainable forestry practice, and encourages simplified cultivation such as coffee and other single agricultural crops. whole However manner regard Huber Ducke Barneby region lands sampled biome character heliophile polyculture crops

Resumo Os povos originários, na Amazônia brasileira, em muito têm contribuído com a domesticação de inúmeras espécies vegetais atualmente utilizadas. Todavia, esses povos enfrentam limitações legais para comercializar seus produtos florestais produzidos de forma sustentável. Nesse aspecto, o estudo teve como objetivo evidenciar a estrutura demográfica de Schizolobium parahybavaramazonicum(Huber ex Ducke) Barneby, em dois sítios, de condução da regeneração natural em área agricultável (policultivo) realizado por indígenas e floresta nativa, a fim de gerar indicadores para nortear a discussão acerca dos aspectos legais da silvicultura de condução de regeneração natural em terras indígenas, na Amazônia brasileira. Para a realização do estudo, foram amostrados três ambientes de ocorrência da referida espécie: florestas em estágios clímax conservada, floresta alterada e área de agricultura com a condução da regeneração natural da espécie, conduzido pelos povos originários. O resultado da pesquisa constatou que na floresta clímax e alterada a espécie tem densidade populacional reduzida em função de seu caráter ecológico, por ser heliófila. Quanto ao ambiente de condução da regeneração natural, a mesma espécie apresentou diferenciação estrutural dos demais ambientes, demonstrando o efeito da prática silvicultural da condução da regeneração, na forma de policultivo, associada a outras espécies agrícolas. Todavia, a vacância de amparo legal para comercialização da madeira pelos povos originários desincentiva esta prática silvicultural sustentável, e incentiva o cultivo simplificado como do café e outros cultivos agrícolas solteiros. brasileira utilizadas Todavia sustentável aspecto parahybavaramazonicumHuber parahybavaramazonicum Huber Ducke Barneby sítios policultivo (policultivo nativa conservada ecológico heliófila solteiros

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar se a infecção grave pelo SARS-CoV-2 está mais comumente associada a sinais de disfunção do trato corticoespinhal e outros sinais, sintomas e síndromes neurológicas, em comparação com outros agentes infecciosos. Métodos: Este foi um estudo de coorte prospectivo com inclusão consecutiva de doentes admitidos a unidades de cuidados intensivos devido a síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo infeccioso primário, com necessidade de ventilação mecânica invasiva por > 48 horas. Os doentes incluídos foram atribuídos aleatoriamente a três investigadores para a avaliação clínica, a qual incluía a pesquisa de sinais de disfunção do trato corticoespinhal. Os dados clínicos, incluindo outras complicações neurológicas e possíveis preditores, foram obtidos independentemente a partir dos registros clínicos. Resultados: Foram incluídos consecutivamente 54 doentes com síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo, 27 devido a SARS-CoV-2 e 27 devido a outros agentes infecciosos. Os grupos eram comparáveis na maioria das características. Os doentes com COVID-19 apresentavam risco significativamente superior de complicações neurológicas (RR = 1,98; IC95% 1,23 - 3,26). Os sinais de disfunção do trato corticoespinhal tendiam a ser mais prevalentes em doentes com COVID-19 (RR = 1,62; IC95% 0,72 - 3,44). Conclusão: Este estudo foi a primeira análise comparativa visando avaliar disfunção neurológica, entre doentes com infecção SARS-CoV-2 e outros agentes infecciosos, em um contexto de unidade de cuidados intensivos. Reportamos um risco significativamente superior de disfunção neurológica em doentes com COVID-19. Como tal, sugere-se o rastreio sistemático de complicações neurológicas em doentes com COVID-19 crítico.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate whether critical SARS-CoV-2 infection is more frequently associated with signs of corticospinal tract dysfunction and other neurological signs, symptoms, and syndromes, than other infectious pathogens. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study with consecutive inclusion of patients admitted to intensive care units due to primary infectious acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring invasive mechanical ventilation > 48 hours. Eligible patients were randomly assigned to three investigators for clinical evaluation, which encompassed the examination of signs of corticospinal tract dysfunction. Clinical data, including other neurological complications and possible predictors, were independently obtained from clinical records. Results: We consecutively included 54 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome, 27 due to SARS-CoV-2 and 27 due to other infectious pathogens. The groups were comparable in most characteristics. COVID-19 patients presented a significantly higher risk of neurological complications (RR = 1.98; 95%CI 1.23 - 3.26). Signs of corticospinal tract dysfunction tended to be more prevalent in COVID-19 patients (RR = 1.62; 95%CI 0.72 - 3.44). Conclusion: Our study is the first comparative analysis between SARS-CoV-2 and other infectious pathogens, in an intensive care unit setting, assessing neurological dysfunction. We report a significantly higher risk of neurological dysfunction among COVID-19 patients. As such, we suggest systematic screening for neurological complications in severe COVID-19 patients.

RESUMEN Los testigos del ciberacoso juegan un importante papel en la resolución de dichas situaciones, lo que es útil para proponer estrategias de autorregulación que les permitan implicarse en comportamientos prosociales en estos contextos. Proponemos que las intervenciones que se sirven de juegos serios con agentes sociales basados en perfiles pueden potenciar el comportamiento prosocial de los testigos de ciberacoso. Se llevó a cabo un estudio piloto cuasiexperimental de medidas repetidas pre/post. Se asignó a 194 alumnos de 7º y 8º a tres condiciones, condición experimental (n = 103, Medad = 13.91, SD = 1.02, 53.3% varones), condición alternativa (n = 37, Medad = 14, SD = 0.86, 54.1% mujeres) y condición control (n = 54, Medad = 13.92, SD = 0.85, 50.9% mujeres). En el análisis de covarianza los jugadores tenían un mayor nivel de comportamiento prosocial asertivo en comparación con otros participantes. En un modelado multinivel de datos longitudinales de archivo quienes no tenían experiencia en el juego tendían a interpretar más las situaciones de ciberacoso como no serias, a evitar asumir la responsabilidad de intervenir y a participar en comportamiento agresivo hacia la víctima. Los jugadores tendían a dar más apoyo y eran menos agresivos con las víctimas de su grupo que con las de otro grupo. Se presentan ideas sobre el desarrollo de juegos que potencien el comportamiento prosocial en testigos de ciberacoso.

ABSTRACT Bystanders of cyberbullying play an important role in the resolution of such situations and therefore, it is beneficial to promote self-regulation strategies that enable them to engage in prosocial behavior in these contexts. We propose that serious game-based psychosocial interventions with profile-based social agents can encourage prosocial bystander behavior in cyberbullying. A pilot quasi-experimental study with repeated and pre/post measurements was performed. We randomly assigned 194 7th and 8th graders to three conditions, namely experimental condition (n = 103, Mage = 13.91, SD = 1.02, 53.3% male); alternative condition (n = 37, Mage = 14, SD = 0.86, 54.1% female) and control condition (n = 54, Mage = 13.92, SD = 0.85, 50.9% female). An analysis of covariance showed that players revealed higher levels of prosocial assertive behavior when compared to other participants. Through multilevel modelling of longitudinal log-file data, we found that those who did not experience the game tended to interpret the cyberbullying situations more as non-serious, avoid assuming responsibility for intervening, and engage in aggressive behavior toward the victim. Players tended to support more and were less aggressive with victims from their in-group than those from the out-group. Insights for the development of games to promote prosocial behavior in bystanders of cyberbullying are presented.

Resumen Objetivo: Analizar el sentido de la educomunicación y la radio escolar como herramientas pedagógicas para el desarrollo de la educación rural desde la perspectiva hermenéutica de H. G. Gadamer. Originalidad/aporte: La globalización ha traído nuevos esquemas de satisfacción dentro del proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje, y el uso de las tecnologías de la comunicación y la información constituye un cúmulo de herramientas para el desarrollo del conocimiento, por lo cual se requiere que los docentes de los campos colombianos estén a la vanguardia de una sociedad cambiante y exploren nuevas estrategias pedagógicas que motiven a los estudiantes a asumir nuevos roles. Dicho esto, la investigación analiza el sentido que las maestras y maestros de escuelas rurales tienen sobre la educomunicación, permitiendo hacer un aporte al estudio de esta categoría con un rigor filosófico centrado en la hermenéutica gadameriana. Método: La investigación se estructura desde el paradigma cualitativo con un enfoque interpretativo, centrado en el método del círculo hermenéutico desde la perspectiva de Hans Georg Gadamer. Estrategias/recolección de información: Para la interpretación hermenéutica se utiliza el software ATLAS.ti, en el cual se plantea una unidad hermenéutica con las categorías: hecho escolar, comunicación, estrategia pedagógica y educomunicación, que permiten dar forma al fundamento teórico, así como al diseño y análisis de matrices hermenéutico-interpretativas. Conclusiones: La interpretación del sentido que el educador y los estudiantes de contextos rurales tienen sobre la radio permite comprender, desde la perspectiva gadameriana, el método con el cual el impacto de la educomunicación fortalece la expresión oral, el desarrollo psicológico y la transferencia de conocimientos, estableciendo una relación de correspondencia entre ellos.

Abstract Objective: To analyze the meaning of educommunication and school radio as pedagogical tools for the development of rural education from the hermeneutic perspective of H. G. Gadamer. Originality/support: Globalization has brought new schemes of satisfaction within the teaching and learning process, and the use of communication and information technologies constitutes an accumulation of tools for the development of knowledge, which is why it is required that teachers in the Colombian countryside be at the forefront of a changing society and explore new pedagogical strategies that motivate students to assume new roles. Having said this, the research analyzes the sense that rural school teachers have about educommunication, allowing to make a contribution to the study of this category with a philosophical rigor centered on the Gadamerian hermeneutics. Method: The research is structured from the qualitative paradigm with an interpretative approach, centered on the method of the hermeneutic circle from the perspective of Hans Georg Gadamer. Strategies/information collection: For the hermeneutic interpretation, the ATLAS.ti software is used, in which a hermeneutic unit is proposed with the categories: school fact, communication, pedagogical strategy and educommunication, which allow shaping the theoretical foundation, as well as the design and analysis of hermeneutic-interpretative matrices. Conclusions: The interpretation of the sense that the educator and the students of rural contexts have about the radio allows understanding, from the Gadamerian perspective, the method with which the impact of educommunication strengthens oral expression, psychological development and knowledge transfer, establishing a relationship of correspondence between them.

Resumo Objectivo: Analisar o significado da educomunicação e da rádio escolar como instrumentos pedagógicos para o desenvolvimento da educação rural a partir da perspectiva hermenêutica de H. G. Gadamer. Originalidade / contribuição: A globalização trouxe novos esquemas de satisfação dentro do processo de ensino e aprendizagem, e o uso das tecnologias de comunicação e informação constitui uma riqueza de ferramentas para o desenvolvimento do conhecimento, razão pela qual os professores no campo colombiano são obrigados a estar na vanguarda de uma sociedade em mudança e a explorar novas estratégias pedagógicas que motivem os estudantes a assumirem novos papéis. Dito isto, a investigação analisa o significado que os professores das escolas rurais têm sobre educomunicação, permitindo-nos dar um contributo para o estudo desta categoria com um rigor filosófico centrado na hermenêutica gadameriana. Método: A investigação é estruturada a partir do paradigma qualitativo com uma abordagem interpretativa, centrada no método do círculo hermenêutico a partir da perspectiva de Hans Georg Gadamer. Estratégias/coleta de datos: Para a interpretação hermenêutica, é utilizado o software ATLAS.ti, no qual é proposta uma unidade hermenêutica com as categorias: facto escolar, comunicação, estratégia pedagógica e educomunicação, que permitem moldar o fundamento teórico, bem como a concepção e análise de matrizes hermenêutico-interpretativas. Conclusões: A interpretação do sentido que o educador e os estudantes de contextos rurais têm da rádio permite-nos compreender, da perspectiva gadameriana, o método com que o impacto da educomunicação reforça a expressão oral, o desenvolvimento psicológico e a transferência de conhecimentos, estabelecendo uma relação de correspondência entre eles.

RESUMO CONTEXTO: Estudos recentes mostraram que médicos em treinamento podem realizar a colonoscopia de maneira eficaz e segura. No entanto, pouco se sabe sobre a performance dos médicos residentes de cirurgia sem o conhecimento prévio das técnicas endoscópicas. OBJETIVO: Avaliar se os indicadores de qualidade foram atendidos em um centro de endoscopia ambulatorial e se os residentes de cirurgia, sem habilidades anteriores em endoscopia alta ou baixa, realizaram a colonoscopia de forma adequada. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo de coorte prospectivo não randomizado. Todos os exames foram realizados por médicos assistentes ou residentes. Os indicadores de qualidade foram comparados entre esses grupos. RESULTADOS: Um total de 2.720 colonoscopias foram analisadas. No grupo de médicos residentes, observamos pacientes mais velhos (57,7±12,7 anos vs 51,5±14,5 anos, P<0,001), maior prevalência de colonoscopias de rastreamento (52% vs 39,4%, P<0,001) e maior prevalência de câncer colorretal (6,4% vs 1,8%, P<0,001). A taxa de intubação cecal foi maior no grupo de médicos assistentes (99,9% vs 89,3%; P<0,001). A taxa de detecção de pólipos foi de 40,8% e não foram observadas diferenças entre os grupos estudados. Os médicos residentes tiveram maior índice de perfuração (0,4% vs 0%; P=0,02). O sangramento pós-polipectomia e as taxas de readmissão em 7 dias foram iguais (0,2%). Todas as readmissões em 7 dias ocorreram devido a hemorragia digestiva baixa e nenhuma intervenção foi necessária. CONCLUSÃO: Os indicadores de qualidade foram alcançados em um centro de endoscopia universitário; no entanto, os médicos residentes alcançaram taxas mais baixas de intubação cecal e taxas mais altas de perfuração do que os médicos assistentes.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Recent studies have shown that endoscopy fellows can perform colonoscopy effectively and safely. However, little is known about the performance of surgical residents without prior knowledge of endoscopic techniques. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether quality indicators were met at an outpatient endoscopy center and whether surgical residents, without prior upper or lower endoscopy skills, could perform colonoscopy adequately. METHODS: A prospective non-randomized cohort study was undertaken. All exams were performed either by assistant physicians or by residents. Quality measures were compared between those groups. RESULTS: A total of 2720 colonoscopies were analyzed. In the resident group, we observed older patients (57.7±12.7 years vs 51.5±14.5 years, P<0.001), a higher prevalence of screening colonoscopies (52% vs 39.4%, P<0.001) and a higher prevalence of colorectal cancer (6.4% vs 1.8%, P<0.001). The cecal intubation rate was higher in the attending group (99.9% vs 89.3%; P<0.001). The polyp detection rate was 40.8%, and no differences were observed between the studied groups. The residents had a higher rate of perforation in all exams (0.4% vs 0%; P=0.02). Postpolypectomy bleeding and 7-day readmission rates were the same (0.2%). All readmissions in 7 days occurred due to low digestive bleeding, and none required intervention. CONCLUSION: Quality indicators were met at a university outpatient endoscopy center; however, medical residents achieved lower rates of cecal intubation and higher rates of perforation than the attending physicians.

Abstract An extraordinary moment of agricultural modernization is currently underway due to innovations in Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). In this process, management precepts are renewed, fostering significant gains in efficiency, productivity, and sustainable use of natural resources and the environment. The growing supply of ICTs and the extension of connectivity in rural areas, with their transforming roles in productive practices and economic relations, bring about questions regarding their impacts. These technologies include precision positioning systems and large volume databases, electronic sensors of site-specific production and environmental conditions, repositories of relational data, statistical and crop forecasting software, methodologies and processes; web-based information services, among others. The assessment of impacts focused on ICTs for agriculture needs innovative approaches, due to the peculiarities of their applications, the different scales of their socioenvironmental scopes and, at the same time, the verification of effectiveness of institutional investments on research, development, and innovation (RD&I). Based on these premises, the objectives of this work are to present a ‘module of impact indicators for Information and Communication Technologies (Ambitec-TICs)’, and assess its application to six typical technology adoption cases resulting from agricultural RD&I projects. The results detail critical analyses of the contributions of the proposed module for the registration, interpretation, and communication of impacts, with recommendations for technology transfer and accountability in institutional Social Balance documentation.

Abstract Introduction: sarcopenia is considered a risk factor for cancer patients, as it increases mortality and post-surgical complications, and reduces response to treatment and quality of life. Objective: to identify the risk of sarcopenia by SARC-CalF, as well as the factors associated with this outcome in patients with cancer of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and adnexal glands. Methods: this cross-sectional study included patients with cancer of the GIT and adnexal glands, without edema or ascites, of both sexes and aged ≥ 20 years. Conventional anthropometric variables and handgrip strength (HGS) were measured. The risk of sarcopenia was assessed through the SARC-CalF questionnaire, and nutritional status by the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA). The data analysis was performed using the SPSS® software, 22.0, with a significance of 5 %. Results: seventy patients took part in the study. Of these, 55.7 % were female, 52.9 % were aged over 60 years, and 64.3 % were non-white. PG-SGA identified 50.0 % of patients as well-nourished and 50.0 % as having some degree of malnutrition. The prevalence of risk of sarcopenia was 28.6 %. There were different correlations between the SARC-CalF score and anthropometric variables (p < 0.05) according to life stage (adults and elderly). After a linear regression analysis the measures that most influenced the SARC-CalF score were arm circumference (AC) and adductor pollicis muscle thickness in the dominant hand (DAPMT) for adults, while for the elderly current weight and DAPTM (p < 0.05) were more relevant. Conclusion: SARC-CalF identified 28.6 % of patients at risk for sarcopenia and was associated with body weight and anthropometric variables indicative of muscle reserve in adults and the elderly.

Resumen Introducción: se considera la sarcopenia un factor de riesgo, especialmente para los pacientes con cáncer, ya que aumenta la mortalidad y las complicaciones posquirúrgicas, reduciendo la respuesta al tratamiento y la calidad de vida. Objetivo: identificar el riesgo de sarcopenia por el SARC-CalF y los factores asociados en pacientes con cáncer del tracto gastrointestinal (TGI) y las glándulas anexas. Métodos: estudio transversal descriptivo. Se incluyeron pacientes con cáncer del TGI y glándulas anexas, sin edema o ascitis, de ambos sexos y de edad ≥ 20 años. Se midieron las variables antropométricas convencionales y la fuerza de presión manual (FPM). El riesgo de sarcopenia se obtuvo mediante el cuestionario SARC-CalF y el estado nutricional mediante la valoración global subjetiva generada por el propio paciente (VGS-GP). El análisis de los datos se realizó con el software SPSS®, versión 22.0, con una significancia del 5 %. Resultados: participaron 70 pacientes. De estos, el 55,7 % eran mujeres, el 52,9 % eran mayores de 60 años y el 64,3 % eran de etnia no caucásica (64,3 %). La VGS-GP identificó un 50,0 % de pacientes bien alimentados y un 50,0 % con algún grado de desnutrición. El riesgo de sarcopenia fue del 28,6 %. Hubo diferentes correlaciones entre el puntaje SARC-CalF y las variables antropométricas (p < 0,05) según la etapa de la vida (adultos y ancianos). Después del análisis de regresión lineal, las medidas que más influyeron en el puntaje SARC-CalF fueron la circunferencia muscular del brazo (CMB) y el espesor del músculo aductor del pulgar de la mano dominante (EMAPD) en los adultos, mientras que en los ancianos fueron el peso actual y elEMAPD (p < 0,05). Conclusión: el SARC-CalF identificó al 28,6 % de los pacientes con riesgo de sarcopenia y se asoció con el peso corporal y las variables antropométricas indicativas de reserva muscular en adultos y ancianos.

Resumo A ignição e propagação de incêndios florestais no primeiro quadrimestre de cada ano, em Portugal, constituiu, desde os anos setenta, uma realidade, enquadrada por condicionantes socioeconómicos específicos e apenas atenuada por condições meteorológicas francamente desfavoráveis à sua ocorrência. Com efeito, a observação simples dos dados estatísticos relativos aos incêndios florestais permite a constatação deste fenómeno, sendo que o ano de 2020 é o que menor número de ocorrências regista, em relação aos cinco anos anteriores (2015-2019). Contudo, e ainda que com condições meteorológicas aparentemente favoráveis, no referido período de 2020 assistiu-se a uma redução drástica do número de ignições e da área ardida em todo o território continental. Este facto é apenas justificável por fatores sociais, nomeadamente os associados à pandemia gerada pela COVID-19, pelas condicionantes sanitárias associadas ao mesmo e às consequentes medidas de confinamento impostas pelo governo português, especialmente durante o período do Estado de Emergência.

Abstract The ignition and spread of forest fires in the first four months of each year, in Portugal, has been a reality since the seventies, framed by specific socio-economic conditions and only mitigated by meteorologic conditions that are clearly unfavourable to their occurrence. Indeed, the simple observation of the statistical data related to forest fires allows the verification of this phenomenon, with the year of 2020 having the lowest number of occurrences in relation to the previous five years (2015-2019). However, and even with apparently favourable meteorologic conditions, in the period of 2020 there was a drastic reduction in the number of ignitions and burnt areas throughout the continental territory. This fact is only justified by social factors, namely those associated with the pandemic situation, generated by COVID-19, by the sanitary conditions associated with it and the consequent confinement measures imposed by the Portuguese government, especially during the period of the State of Emergency.