ABSTRACT Tarenaya clade includes 37 species based on phylogenetic relationships and on the stipular spine synapomorphy, however only 10 species thought to belong to the genus have had names established in Tarenaya. Besides the two new species are being described, we present 25 new combinations for the species and refine the typification of 13 species. Ten lectotypes and three neotypes are designated here. One generic synonym is also typified.

We present relevant data about the taxonomy and distribution of 20 species of the genus Carex in the Neotropics from the Caribbean region to Patagonia. We provide a total of 19 new records, two of them for species not previously recorded from South America, ten species newly reported from different countries, and seven species here reported as new regional records in Argentina, Bolivia, and Chile. We lectotypify nine species names (C. brehmeri, C. catharinensis, C. ecuadorica, C. firmicaulis, C. fuscula, C. mandoniana, C. phleoides, C. polysticha, and C. subantarctica) and epitypify one of these names (C. fuscula). Finally, we propose Carex koyamae as a new synonym of Carex phleoides.

Presentamos datos relevantes acerca de la taxonomía y distribución de 20 especies del género Carex en el Neotrópico (de la region Caribe a la Patagonia). Aportamos un total de 19 registros nuevos, dos de ellos para especies hasta el momento no registradas para Sudamérica, diez especies citadas como novedad para diferentes países y siete especies aquí reportadas como novedades regionales en Argentina, Bolivia y Chile. Lectotipificamos de nueve nombres de especies (C. brehmeri, C. catharinensis, C. ecuadorica, C. firmicaulis, C. fuscula, C. mandoniana, C. phleoides, C. polysticha y C. subantarctica) y epitipificamos uno de ellos (C. fuscula). Finalmente, proponemos a Carex koyamae como nuevo sinónimo de Carex phleoides.