ABSTRACT In veterinary medicine, there are few descriptions in scientific literature referring ultrasound techniques in the cervical region of mules and donkeys. Based on patterns observed in horses, ultrasound-guided infiltrations are used for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. In this study, cervical joints were evaluated in 13 donkeys (12 females and 1 male) with mean weight of 133kg and ages between 4 and 16 years, and additionally 05 mules and 09 donkeys, with mean weight of 393kg and ages between 4 and 15 years, all of them were mixed breed. The ultrasound examinations were performed using a variable frequency linear transducer 3 to 11 Mhz. The scan protocol was performed starting on the dorsal aspect of each vertebra, followed by an assessment of the cranial region to the caudal portion of the vertebra, towards the joint processes, longitudinal and in the caudal direction of the joint. Variations of the angulation allowed the exact location of the joint processes and the corresponding joint, from the joint between cervical vertebra C2-C3 to the joint between C6-C7 and the corresponding references images. The results observed show that these ultrasound techniques can guide cervical intra-articular puncture in donkeys and mules, and it is possible used for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes, and it is suggested that more studies in this sense be performed. medicine horses ultrasoundguided guided purposes study 12 (1 male kg years 0 breed Mhz C2C3 CC C2 C3 C C2-C C6C7 C6 C7 C6-C images intraarticular intra articular ( C2C C6C

RESUMO Há poucas descrições na literatura cientifica veterinária de técnicas ultrassonográficas da região cervical de muares e jumentos. Com base nos padrões observados em cavalos, as infiltrações guiadas por ultrassom são usadas para fins diagnósticos ou terapêuticos. Foram avaliadas as articulações cervicais em 13 jumentos (12 fêmeas e um macho), com peso médio de 133kg e idades entre quatro e 16 anos, e ainda cinco mulas e nove burros, com peso médio de 393kg e idades entre quatro e 15 anos, todos sem raça definida. O exame ultrassonográfico utilizou transdutor multifrequencial de 3 a 11Mhz, inicialmente com varredura do aspecto dorsal de cada vértebra, seguindo-se avaliação da região cranial à porção caudal da vértebra, em direção aos processos articulares, longitudinalmente e em sentido caudal para localização da articulação. Variações na angulação do transdutor permitiram a localização exata dos processos articulares e da articulação correspondente, do espaço articular entre as vértebras cervicais C2-C3 ao espaço articular entre C6-C7, e as respectivas imagens de referência. Os resultados observados mostram que essas técnicas ultrassonográficas podem orientar a punção intra-articular cervical em burros e mulas e que é possível utilizá-la para fins terapêuticos ou diagnósticos. Nesse sentido, sugere-se que mais estudos nesse sentido sejam realizados. cavalos 1 12 (1 macho, macho , macho) kg anos definida 11Mhz Mhz vértebra seguindose seguindo se correspondente C2C3 CC C2 C3 C C2-C C6C7, C6C7 C6 C7, C7 C6-C7 referência intraarticular intra utilizála utilizá la sugerese sugere realizados ( C2C C6C C6-C

Gamma irradiator facilities can be used in a wide range of applications such as biological and chemical researches, sterilization of medical devices and products. Dose mapping must be performed in these equipments in order to establish plant operational parameters, as dose uniformity, source utilization efficiency and maximum and minimum dose positions. The isodoses curves are measured using dosimeters or computer simulations. This work evaluates the absorbed dose in the CDTN/CNEN GammaCell Irradiation Facility, using the Monte Carlo N-Particles (MCNP) code.

A 42-year-old male complaining of thoracic spine pain was admitted to the hospital for evaluation. An X-ray and computer tomography of the thoracic spine showed spondylodiscitis of the L3 lumbar and L2-L3 intervertebral disk. The tuberculin skin test (PPD) was strongly positive. A radioscopy-guided fine needle aspirate of the affected area was cultured but did not reveal the cause of the disease. Two biopsy attempts failed to reveal the cause of the disease by culturing or by acid-fast-resistant staining (Ziehl Neelsen) of the specimens. A third biopsy also failed to detect the infectious agent by using microbiological procedures, but revealed the presence of a 245-bp amplicon characteristic of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex after PCR of the sample. The result demonstrates the efficacy of PCR for the identification of M. tuberculosis in situations in which conventional diagnosis by culturing techniques or direct microscopy is unable to detect the microorganism. Following this result the patient was treated with the antituberculous cocktail composed by rifampicin, pirazinamide and isoniazid during a six-month period. At the end of the treatment the dorsalgia symptoms had disappeared.

Neste trabalho estudamos o espalhamento quântico de uma partícula por um potencial generalizado que engloba em si todas as formas de potenciais retangulares unidimensionais. Neste contexto nós calculamos as probabilidades de reflexão e transmissão de uma partícula incidente sobre este potencial generalizado e avaliamos os efeitos de sua assimetria na transmissão dessa partícula através dele para energias abaixo e acima da barreira de potencial.

A potential which encompasses all kinds of rectangular one-dimensional potentials is studied in the context of quantum particle scattering. We calculate the reflection and transmission coefficients for this general potential. The effects of the potential asymmetry on transmission, at energies below and above barrier, are studied, as well.

C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured by ELISA in the sera of 165 healthy blood donors and 125 normal children 1 to 14 years old. The serum levels of blood donors ranged from 0.05 to 57.6 mg/l with median and mean values of 1.8 mg/l and 4.86 mg/l, respectively. CRP levels ranged from 0.02 to 14.4 mg/l in the children's sera, the median being 0.45 mg/l and the mean 1.65 mg/l. No individual lacking CRP was detected. The high CRP levels observed in the present study suggest that the population of the State of São Paulo may usually be exposed to subacute infections and/or inflammation without presenting clinical symptoms